CN105418002A - 一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块,通过对牛奶草纤维进行乙酰化反应封闭了纤维素中游离的羟基,提高了材料的疏水性能和热稳定性,再配合物理改性方法添加其他有效成分,改善了纤维在蒸压加气混凝土中耐久性和分散性,添加的炉渣、生活垃圾炭化灰解决了环境污染的问题,代替了石膏的作用,降低了生产成本,具有节能环保、变废为宝的经济效益好社会效益,而且还具有制作工艺简单、制作成本低廉、产品轻质、节能、保温、隔声等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及加气砌块技术领域,具体涉及一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块及其制作方法。
背景技术
作为新型墙体材料的重要品种之一,蒸压加气混凝土砌块与传统的黏土烧结砖相比具有保温隔热效果好、防火性能好、隔音、质轻、环保等众多优点。然而,加气混凝土砌块体积变形系数偏大、强度偏低、吸水率大,且砌筑成墙体时,墙体易出现裂缝,抹灰层易产生大面积龟裂、空鼓和脱落现象,表现出明显的脆性,在一定程度上阻碍了蒸压加气混凝土砌块的进一步应用和推广。纤维作为一种很好的水泥基体增强材料自20世纪起就被广泛的应用到传统的普通混凝土制品中,其相关理论也得到了较为充足和深入的研究。然而由于蒸压加气混凝土砌块在产业化生产过程中,一般采用钢丝对初凝后的加气混凝土进行切割成型,掺入过多的纤维会对加气混凝土的切割有所影响,使得纤维在蒸压加气混凝土中应用效果不是特别显著,阻碍了其在蒸压加气混凝土砌块中应用范围,也严重影响了蒸压加气混凝土砌块的产品质量和性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块及其制作方法,以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块,其特征在于,由下列重量份的原料制成:云母粉28-30、炉渣33-35、生活垃圾炭化灰25-27、松木锯屑13-15、水泥4.9-5.2、铝粉膏0.08-0.11、纳米氧化镧2-4、葡萄糖酸钠0.7-0.9、牛奶草纤维6-8、乙酸酐50-53、牛油4-6、氯丁胶乳3-5、适量水。
所述的一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将牛奶草纤维放入烘箱中于105℃干燥1-2小时,同时用汽蒸预处理20-40分钟放入反应罐中,加入乙酸酐、纳米氧化镧搅拌混匀静置3-5小时,然后加热至100-140℃反应2-3小时,用清水漂洗至中性烘干,喷洒雾状牛油干燥;
(2)将生活垃圾炭化灰、松木锯屑用5-8%盐酸溶液浸泡3-4小时,洗涤至中性,加入云母粉、炉渣于650-750℃下煅烧4-5小时,冷却至120-130℃加入氯丁胶乳研磨30-50分钟;
(3)将步骤(2)物料投入搅拌机中,加水搅拌成浆,加入步骤(1)物料搅拌2min,加入水泥搅拌1min,再加入铝粉膏及其他剩余成分搅拌30s制得浆料,水料比为0.53;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的浆料入模,静置发气初养2-4小时,切除超出模具部分,脱模放入反应釜内,控制温度150-170℃进行高温蒸养8-12小时,出料。
本发明有以下有益效果:本发明通过对牛奶草纤维进行乙酰化反应封闭了纤维素中游离的羟基,提高了材料的疏水性能和热稳定性,再配合物理改性方法添加其他有效成分,改善了纤维在蒸压加气混凝土中耐久性和分散性,添加的炉渣、生活垃圾炭化灰解决了环境污染的问题,代替了石膏的作用,降低了生产成本,具有节能环保、变废为宝的经济效益好社会效益,而且还具有制作工艺简单、制作成本低廉、产品轻质、节能、保温、隔声等优点。
具体实施方式
所述的一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块,其特征在于,由下列重量份的原料制成:云母粉28、炉渣35、生活垃圾炭化灰27、松木锯屑13、水泥4.9、铝粉膏0.08、纳米氧化镧4、葡萄糖酸钠0.7、牛奶草纤维8、乙酸酐50、牛油6、氯丁胶乳3、适量水。
制作方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将牛奶草纤维放入烘箱中于105℃干燥1-2小时,同时用汽蒸预处理20-40分钟放入反应罐中,加入乙酸酐、纳米氧化镧搅拌混匀静置3-5小时,然后加热至100-140℃反应2-3小时,用清水漂洗至中性烘干,喷洒雾状牛油干燥;
(2)将生活垃圾炭化灰、松木锯屑用5-8%盐酸溶液浸泡3-4小时,洗涤至中性,加入云母粉、炉渣于650-750℃下煅烧4-5小时,冷却至120-130℃加入氯丁胶乳研磨30-50分钟;
(3)将步骤(2)物料投入搅拌机中,加水搅拌成浆,加入步骤(1)物料搅拌2min,加入水泥搅拌1min,再加入铝粉膏及其他剩余成分搅拌30s制得浆料,水料比为0.53;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的浆料入模,静置发气初养2-4小时,切除超出模具部分,脱模放入反应釜内,控制温度150-170℃进行高温蒸养8-12小时,出料。
本发明制得的蒸压加气混凝土砌块的技术指标如下:
(1)平均容重为610kg/m3;
(2)导热系数(W/m·k):0.081,有良好的保温隔热性能;
(3)抗压强度:7.14MPa;
(4)劈裂抗拉强度提高16.21%。
Claims (2)
1.一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块,其特征在于,由下列重量份的原料制成:云母粉28-30、炉渣33-35、生活垃圾炭化灰25-27、松木锯屑13-15、水泥4.9-5.2、铝粉膏0.08-0.11、纳米氧化镧2-4、葡萄糖酸钠0.7-0.9、牛奶草纤维6-8、乙酸酐50-53、牛油4-6、氯丁胶乳3-5、适量水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种节能环保型蒸压加气混凝土砌块的制作方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)将牛奶草纤维放入烘箱中于105℃干燥1-2小时,同时用汽蒸预处理20-40分钟放入反应罐中,加入乙酸酐、纳米氧化镧搅拌混匀静置3-5小时,然后加热至100-140℃反应2-3小时,用清水漂洗至中性烘干,喷洒雾状牛油干燥;
(2)将生活垃圾炭化灰、松木锯屑用5-8%盐酸溶液浸泡3-4小时,洗涤至中性,加入云母粉、炉渣于650-750℃下煅烧4-5小时,冷却至120-130℃加入氯丁胶乳研磨30-50分钟;
(3)将步骤(2)物料投入搅拌机中,加水搅拌成浆,加入步骤(1)物料搅拌2min,加入水泥搅拌1min,再加入铝粉膏及其他剩余成分搅拌30s制得浆料,水料比为0.53;
(4)将步骤(3)制得的浆料入模,静置发气初养2-4小时,切除超出模具部分,脱模放入反应釜内,控制温度150-170℃进行高温蒸养8-12小时,出料。
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