CN105412565A - 一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,属于中药技术领域。该中药组合物由下述药材制备而成:麦冬、荆芥、伸筋草、马鞍藤、羌活、三七、杜仲、川芎、泽泻、陈皮和甘草。本发明中药组合物的原料易得、组方合理、制备工艺简单,动物试验和临床实验证明本发明在治疗颈椎病方面疗效显著、毒副作用小,能够通经脉,活气血,对颈椎病具有较好的保健及治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,涉及一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物。
背景技术
颈椎病是一种退行性病变,是指开始于单个或多个颈椎间盘的进行性退变,并导致周围的骨和软组织的结构改变,进而影响相关的血管、神经根或(和)脊髓的合并症。颈椎间盘退变是颈椎病发生和发展的根本原因,动静力失衡颈椎病
动物模型破坏了颈后部的肌肉及韧带,使动静力系统失去了原有的平衡,导致了颈椎间盘的退变。在颈椎病的发生发展中,慢性劳损是首要罪魁祸首,长期的局部肌肉、韧带、关节囊的损伤,可以引起局部出血水肿,发生炎症改变,在病变的部位逐渐出现炎症机化,并形成骨质增生,影响局部的神经及血管。
此外,相关的研究表明颈椎病的主要病理机制在于“血瘀”。疲则不通,不通则痛,淤血阻滞,气血不能濡养筋脉,不荣则痛,故颈椎病患者常有颈项肩背疼痛,肢体麻木,舌质黯,脉弦等血癖证表现。研究显示淤血与低头均可引起组织血流量减少组织充血水肿,血瘀加低头的组织变化、血流量减少更明显,且血流量减少与颈椎病变呈正相关,认为颈椎局部血流下降(血瘀)是颈椎病发病的重要原因和主要环节。
目前,颈椎病的治疗主要存在手术治疗和非手术治疗两种,手术治疗存在治疗费用昂贵、治标难治本、易复发的缺点,其并非颈椎病患者的首选。实际上绝大部分颈椎病病例均可通过非手术疗法治愈或明显好转。非手术疗法包括中西药物、针灸、推拿、理疗、牵引等方法,治疗颈型颈椎病的药物包括西药和中药两大部分。西药治疗颈型颈椎病的药物主要是消炎镇痛为主的非甾体类镇痛剂,如硫酸软骨素A、维生素E、颈痛灵等,该类药物通常起效快,但效果难以持久,需长期用药;而目前市售的大部分治疗颈椎病的中药临床效果不佳且药效缓慢。
目前公开的治疗颈椎病的发明专利有很多,例如:中国发明专利申请201410375462.1公开的治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,包括以下制备原料:黄芪、甘草、柴胡、麻黄、川芎、鸡血藤、红花、白首乌、当归、三七、葛根、白芍、羌活、黄柏、党参、乳香、丁香、肉桂、姜黄、防风、芥子,独活、血余、马钱子、麻黄、白芷、三棱、杜仲、葛根、天麻和桃仁。该发明中药组合物组方多达三十多种,成分十分复杂;且含有白首乌、麻黄等多味名贵中草药,使得该中药组合物的成本大大增加。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物及其制备方法,使其充分发挥中药的调理作用,对颈椎病有显著的治疗效果,并将其制成方便易用的成品制剂,使其能适应现代生活的节奏。
为实现本发明的目的,采用的技术方案如下:
一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬10-20份、荆芥8-20份、伸筋草10-20份、马鞍藤8-18份、羌活8-16份、三七8-16份、杜仲6-14份、川芎8-14份、泽泻6-14份、陈皮4-8份和甘草2-8份。
在该重量份的范围内,优选了3个疗效较为显著的配方:
配方1:麦冬10份、荆芥8份、伸筋草10份、马鞍藤8份、羌活8份、三七8份、杜仲6份、川芎8份、泽泻6份、陈皮4份和甘草2份。
配方2:麦冬20份、荆芥20份、伸筋草20份、马鞍藤18份、羌活16份、三七16份、杜仲14份、川芎14份、泽泻14份、陈皮8份和甘草8份。
配方3:麦冬15份、荆芥14份、伸筋草14份、马鞍藤14份、羌活12份、三七12份、杜仲10份、川芎10份、泽泻10份、陈皮6份和甘草5份。
相应地,本发明还提供所述中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1):取麦冬洗净,干燥后粉碎,过60-80目筛,将得到的粗粉置于超临界二氧化碳萃取装置中,加入粗粉重量的30-45%体积分数为60-85%的乙醇,调控二氧化碳流量为15-20L/h,萃取压力为15-20MPa,萃取温度为40-60℃,萃取时间为1.5-2h,减压分离制得到麦冬提取物,保留麦冬残渣;
(2):分别称取荆芥、伸筋草、马鞍藤、羌活、三七、杜仲、川芎、泽泻、陈皮和甘草,去杂质,洗净,烘干,切片后粉碎成粗粉,备用;
(3):取(2)所得粗粉,合并麦冬残渣,加入药材总量8-10倍量的水浸泡3-4小时,然后煎煮2-3次,每次3-4小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,滤液真空减压浓缩至60℃条件下测相对密度为1.05-1.15的浓缩液,得水提浓缩液;
(4):往(3)中的滤渣中加入药材总量8-10倍量体积分数为60-80%的乙醇,回流提取2-3次,每次4-6小时,过滤,合并滤液,滤液真空减压浓缩至60℃条件下测相对密度为1.05-1.15的浓缩液,得醇提浓缩液;
(5):将麦冬提取物、水提浓缩液和醇提浓缩液合并混匀,真空干燥,粉碎,过100-200目筛,即得。
进一步地,所述治疗颈椎病的中药组合物可以被制成片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂或胶囊剂。
本发明中药组方所用中药材的来源、性味、归经及功效:
麦冬:本品为百合科植物麦冬(沿阶草)的干燥块根;味甘,微苦,性微寒;归心、肺、胃经;养阴生津,润肺清心。
荆芥:本品为唇形科植物荆芥的干燥地上部分;味辛,性微温;归肺、肝经;解表散风,透疹。
伸筋草:本品为石松科植物石松的干燥全草。微苦、辛,性温;归肝、脾、肾经;祛风除湿,舒筋活络。
马鞍藤:本品为旋花科番薯属植物二叶红薯,以全草入药。味辛、微苦,性温;祛风除湿、拔毒消肿。
羌活:本品为伞形科植物羌活(背翅芹)的干燥根茎及根。味辛、苦,性温;归膀胱、肾经;散寒、祛风、除湿、止痛。
三七:本品为五加科植物三七的干燥根;味甘、微苦,性温;归肝、胃经;散瘀止血,消肿定痛。
杜仲:本品为杜仲科植物杜仲的干燥树皮。味甘,性温;归肝、肾经;补肝肾、强筋骨、安胎。
川芎:本品为伞形科植物川芎的干燥根茎;味辛,性温;归肝、胆、心包经;活血行气,祛风止痛。
泽泻:本品为泽泻科植物泽泻的干燥块茎;味甘,性寒;归肾、膀胱经;利小便,清湿热。
陈皮:本品为芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮;味苦、辛,性温;归肺、脾经;理气健脾,燥湿化痰。
甘草:本品为豆科植物甘草干燥根;味甘,性平;归心、肺、脾、胃经;补脾益气,缓急止痛,调和诸药。
本发明中药组合物的配伍分析:
本发明中药组合物以伸筋草和马鞍藤为君药,祛风除湿,舒筋活络,拔毒消肿;以麦冬、荆芥、羌活、三七和杜仲为臣药,解表散风,散瘀止血,消肿定痛;以川芎、泽泻和陈皮为佐药,活血行气,温通经脉,理气健脾;以甘草为使药,补脾益气,缓急止痛,调和诸药药性。诸药配合,相辅相成,协同作用,具有祛风除湿,舒筋活络,消肿定痛,温通经脉等功效,对治疗颈椎病有十分显著的疗效。
与现有技术相比,本发明中药组合物具有以下优势:
1、本发明中药组合物由纯天然中草药组成,诸药协同,显著地降低了不良反应和毒副作用,具有疗效好、标本兼治、侧重调理的治疗优势;
2、药效学试验数据表明,本发明中药组合物在抗炎和改善血瘀大鼠血液流变学参数的效果更为显著,这表明本发明中药组合物在颈椎病治疗中具有显著的协同作用,能够显著改善颈椎病的症状;
3、本发明中药组合物制备工艺简便易行、药效稳定、易于推广应用。
因此,本发明还要求保护上述中药组合物在制备治疗颈椎病药物中的应用。
具体实施方式
以下将通过具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,本领域技术人员应理解,本发明除以下实施例外还可做出其他类似的改变获得相似的结果而不脱离本发明的内容和精神范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例1中药组合物胶囊剂由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬10份、荆芥8份、伸筋草10份、马鞍藤8份、羌活8份、三七8份、杜仲6份、川芎8份、泽泻6份、陈皮4份和甘草2份。
制备方法如下:
(1):取麦冬洗净,干燥后粉碎,过70目筛,将得到的粗粉置于超临界二氧化碳萃取装置中,加入粗粉重量的40%体积分数为80%的乙醇,调控二氧化碳流量为18L/h,萃取压力为20MPa,萃取温度为50℃,萃取时间为2h,减压分离制得到麦冬提取物,保留麦冬残渣;
(2):分别称取荆芥、伸筋草、马鞍藤、羌活、三七、杜仲、川芎、泽泻、陈皮和甘草,去杂质,洗净,烘干,切片后粉碎成粗粉,备用;
(3):取(2)所得粗粉,合并麦冬残渣,加入药材总量10倍量的水浸泡3小时,然后煎煮3次,每次3小时,过滤并保留滤渣,合并滤液,滤液真空减压浓缩至60℃条件下测相对密度为1.05-1.15的浓缩液,得水提浓缩液;
(4):往(3)中的滤渣中加入药材总量8倍量体积分数为70%的乙醇,回流提取3次,每次6小时,过滤,合并滤液,滤液真空减压浓缩至60℃条件下测相对密度为1.05-1.15的浓缩液,得醇提浓缩液;
(5):将麦冬提取物、水提浓缩液和醇提浓缩液合并混匀,真空干燥,粉碎,过100目筛,即得中药细粉;
(6):往(5)所得中药细粉添加适当的辅料,利用现代通用的制剂技术制成胶囊剂。
实施例2
本发明实施例2中药组合物胶囊剂由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬20份、荆芥20份、伸筋草20份、马鞍藤18份、羌活16份、三七16份、杜仲14份、川芎14份、泽泻14份、陈皮8份和甘草8份。
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本发明实施例3中药组合物胶囊剂由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬15份、荆芥14份、伸筋草14份、马鞍藤14份、羌活12份、三七12份、杜仲10份、川芎10份、泽泻10份、陈皮6份和甘草5份。
制备方法同实施例1。
药效学研究:
试验例1:本发明中药组合物对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀的影响
1、实验方法
取健康昆明种小鼠120只,体重为22-26g,8-12周龄,雌雄各半,随机分为12组,每组10只,分别为:正常组、模型组、正天丸阳性药对照组(华润三九医药股份有限公司)、本发明实施例1、实施例2、实施例3制得的中药胶囊高、中、低剂量组。高、中、低剂量组的给药剂量分别为8g/Kg、4g/Kg、2g/Kg;阳性药对照组给药剂量为8g/Kg,每天灌胃1次,连续给药1个月,末次给药60min后在小鼠右耳均匀涂抹二甲苯(0.05mL/只)致耳肿,用药2h后再以测厚仪分别测定并记录小鼠双侧耳的厚度(μm),耳肿胀值(μm)=右耳厚度-左耳厚度。
2、数据处理
数据均采用均数±标准差表示,采用SPSS19.0统计软件进行方差分析,P<0.05为有显著性差异;P<0.01为有极显著差异。
3、实验结果
表1本发明中药组合物对二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀的影响
注:与正常组相比,△△△ P<0.001;与模型对照组相比,* P<0.05,** P<0.01,
*** P<0.001;与阳性对照组相比,# P<0.05。
由上表1结果可知,模型组小鼠受到二甲苯处理后耳肿胀程度极显著增加(P<0.001),因此能够应用二甲苯处理的耳肿胀模型来检验本发明中药组合物在抗炎方面的作用。与模型组相比,实施例1、实施例2、实施例3中药组合物高、中、低剂量组和阳性药对照组均有显著的治疗作用(P<0.05),其中,中药组合物高剂量组治疗后,小鼠的耳肿胀基本恢复正常水平,达到完全治愈的效果;中药组合物高剂量的治疗效果均优于阳性对照药(P<0.05),这表明本发明中药组合物具有显著的抗炎作用,用于颈椎病治疗时可以从根本上缓解患者的炎症状况。
试验例2:本发明中药组合物对大鼠血瘀模型的改善作用
1、实验方法
取健康Wistar大鼠,体重200-220g,120只,雌雄各半,随机分为12组,每组10只,随机分为:正常组、模型组、阳性药对照组(正天丸,国药准字Z44020711,华润三九医药股份有限公司)、本发明实施例1、实施例2、实施例3制得的中药胶囊高、中、低剂量组。高、中、低剂量组的给药剂量分别为4g/Kg、2g/Kg、1g/Kg;阳性药对照组给药剂量为4g/Kg;正常对照组和模型组给0.5%CMC,每天灌胃2次,连续给药20天。灌胃给药的第20天,除正常对照组外,其余组动物按1mg/Kg皮下注射盐酸肾上腺素,2次/天,间隔4h,第一次注射3h后将动物放进4℃冰水中冰浴15min。注射盐酸肾上腺素的第3天取4-5ml血肝素抗凝测定血液流变学参数,取肝脏称重折算脏器系数。
2、数据处理
数据均采用均数±标准差表示,采用SPSS19.0统计软件进行方差分析,P<0.05为有显著性差异;P<0.01为有极显著差异。
3、实验结果:
表2本发明中药组合物对大鼠血瘀模型血流变的影响
注:与正常组相比,△△ P<0.01;与模型组相比,* P<0.05,** P<0.01,*** P
<0.001;与阳性对照组比较,# P<0.05。
表2结果表明,与正常对照比较,模型组的全血高切指数、全血低切指数、红细胞聚集指数、卡松粘度和血浆粘度均有显著增高(P<0.05),说明大鼠血瘀模型模型构建成功。与模型组比较,本发明实施例1、实施例2、实施例3制得的药物片剂低、中、高三个剂量组和阳性对照组用药后均显著或极显著地降低全血高切指数、全血低切指数、红细胞聚集指数、卡松粘度和血浆粘度,其中高剂量均有极显著差异(P<0.01)。同样实验条件下,阳性对照药组治疗效果均不及本发明药物片剂高剂量组。
本发明中药组合物对颈椎病临床志愿者患者的临床疗效观察
1、基本资料:
选取400例颈椎病临床志愿者患者,年龄为20-55岁,平均年龄为36岁,其中病程最长为8年,最短为6月;经CT及X光片证实有颈椎生理前凸消失或后突,椎间隙狭窄,项韧带钙化等表现,患者可能感觉颈部沉重、酸、胀、僵硬,伴上肢一侧酸胀无力,有慢性发作颈椎伴有肩臂麻木疼痛,或有头晕、视觉不清或晨起面部虚浮,手臂肿胀等。随机分成4组,分别为对照组、治疗A组、治疗B组和治疗C组,每组100例,各组在年龄、性别、病情严重程度无太大差异,具有对比性。
2、治疗方法:
对照组:服用正天丸(华润三九医药股份有限公司),每日2次,一次1丸,7天为一个疗程,共4个疗程。
治疗A组、B组和C组分别服用本发明实施例1、2和3制得的胶囊,每日2次,每次2粒,7天为一个疗程,共4个疗程。
3、疗效标准:
痊愈:用药后各种颈椎病症状及体征消失,颈、肩、前臂申展活动明显自如,功能恢复,视力障碍等症状消失,随访1年后未复发;
显效:用药后主要症状及体征基本消失,大部分功能恢复,随访1年后未复发;
有效:用药后主要症状稍微减轻基本功能恢复,在停药后半年又复发者;
无效:治疗前后症状及体征无改变。
总有效率=(治愈数+显效数+有效数)/患者总例数×100%。
4、治疗结果:
表3临床治疗效果
由上表3可看出,本发明中药组合物的治愈率达到80%,总有效率达85%,远高于对照组治愈率和总有效率,其中以治疗C组即实施例3的效果最佳,其治愈率为84%,总有效率达93%。各组患者在临床治疗期间未见不良反应,且治疗后精神状态良好,功能恢复,说明本发明中药组合物在治疗颈椎病方面拥有其独特的优势,安全有效,极具有临床推广价值。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬10-20份、荆芥8-20份、伸筋草10-20份、马鞍藤8-18份、羌活8-16份、三七8-16份、杜仲6-14份、川芎8-14份、泽泻6-14份、陈皮4-8份和甘草2-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬10份、荆芥8份、伸筋草10份、马鞍藤8份、羌活8份、三七8份、杜仲6份、川芎8份、泽泻6份、陈皮4份和甘草2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬20份、荆芥20份、伸筋草20份、马鞍藤18份、羌活16份、三七16份、杜仲14份、川芎14份、泽泻14份、陈皮8份和甘草8份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物由以下重量份的药材制备而成:麦冬15份、荆芥14份、伸筋草14份、马鞍藤14份、羌活12份、三七12份、杜仲10份、川芎10份、泽泻10份、陈皮6份和甘草5份。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的治疗颈椎病的中药组合物,其特征在于:所述中药组合物被制成片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂或胶囊剂。
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