CN105403931B - A kind of hybrid scheme airfield runway foreign body detecting system - Google Patents
A kind of hybrid scheme airfield runway foreign body detecting system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统,该系统包括:塔架式光学探测装置安装部署于跑道一侧;边灯式光电混合探测装置与跑道边灯共址安装;固态边灯式探测装置安装部署于跑道和滑行道交叉道口;数据处理模块与边灯式光电混合探测装置、塔架式光学检测装置、固态边灯式探测装置连接;异物检测融合模块与数据处理模块连接;显示模块与异物检测融合模块连接;控制模块与显示模块、塔架式光学检测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置连接;所述异物定位引导模块与显示模连接。本发明增加用于监测交叉道口的固态边灯式探测装置,实现扩展FOD监测区域,对来自滑行道和停机坪异物的提前预警,从源头减少FOD对机场跑道区域的干扰。
The present invention relates to a foreign object detection system on a hybrid airport runway, which comprises: a tower-type optical detection device installed and deployed on one side of the runway; a side-light photoelectric hybrid detection device installed at the same site as the runway side lights; a solid-state side-light detection device The device is installed and deployed at the intersection of runways and taxiways; the data processing module is connected with the side light photoelectric hybrid detection device, the tower type optical detection device, and the solid state side light detection device; the foreign object detection fusion module is connected with the data processing module; the display module It is connected with the foreign matter detection fusion module; the control module is connected with the display module, the tower type optical detection device, the side light photoelectric hybrid detection device, and the solid side light type detection device; the foreign matter positioning guide module is connected with the display module. The invention adds a solid-state edge light detection device for monitoring crossings, realizes the expansion of the FOD monitoring area, early warning of foreign objects from taxiways and parking aprons, and reduces the interference of FOD on the airport runway area from the source.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于图像识别领域中的物体探测和识别技术领域,涉及用于机场跑道异物的监测系统,具体地涉及混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of object detection and recognition in the field of image recognition, and relates to a monitoring system for foreign objects on airport runways, in particular to a mixed system airport runway foreign object detection system.
背景技术Background technique
机场跑道异物(FOD)是指在飞行区内,任何可能危及航空器地面运行安全的物体,如石块、金属器件、胶带、塑料制品、报纸、小动物等。机场跑道FOD不仅会诱发飞机起飞和降落阶段的空难和飞行器破损,导致人员伤亡等直接损失;还会造成航班延误、中断起飞、关闭跑道等引发的间接经济损失和负面影响。据统计,间接损失至少为直接损失的4倍。为保证机场跑道飞行器的安全起降,减少损失,机场一般都会由巡查人员定期开展道面异物的人工巡查工作。目前跑道异物防范工作主要依靠巡查人员按规定对道面进行的多次例行检查。因在人工巡查时需关闭跑道,这使得航班通行能力大大降低。在我国民航机场航班起降架次逐年攀升的情况下,通过高度自动化的技术监测手段,以辅助或替代人工巡检的方式,提高机场跑道异物的排查效率。缩短跑道占用时间,对提升机场跑道运行效率具有重要的实际意义。Foreign objects on the airport runway (FOD) refer to any objects in the flight area that may endanger the safety of aircraft on the ground, such as stones, metal parts, tapes, plastic products, newspapers, small animals, etc. FOD on airport runways will not only induce air crashes and aircraft damage during takeoff and landing stages, resulting in direct losses such as casualties; it will also cause indirect economic losses and negative impacts caused by flight delays, interrupted takeoffs, and runway closures. According to statistics, the indirect loss is at least 4 times the direct loss. In order to ensure the safe take-off and landing of aircraft on the airport runway and reduce losses, the airport generally conducts manual inspections of foreign objects on the road surface by inspectors on a regular basis. At present, the prevention of foreign objects on the runway mainly relies on the multiple routine inspections of the runway by inspectors in accordance with regulations. Due to the need to close the runway during manual inspections, this greatly reduces the flight capacity. With the number of flights taking off and landing at my country's civil aviation airports increasing year by year, highly automated technical monitoring methods are used to assist or replace manual inspections to improve the efficiency of foreign object inspections on airport runways. Shortening the runway occupancy time has important practical significance for improving the efficiency of airport runway operation.
1、自动化FOD探测系统现状1. Status quo of automatic FOD detection system
基于机场对FOD自动化探测技术的迫切需求,业界采用不同技术手段监控跑道道面FOD。研制的FOD自动探测系统可实时不间断工作,以辅助或替代人工巡检的非接触式监测方式,提高机场跑道异物的排查效率。缩短跑道占用时间,对提升机场跑道运行效率和安全水平具有实际意义。Based on the airport's urgent need for FOD automatic detection technology, the industry uses different technical means to monitor runway surface FOD. The developed FOD automatic detection system can work continuously in real time, to assist or replace the non-contact monitoring method of manual inspection, and improve the inspection efficiency of foreign objects on the airport runway. Shortening the runway occupancy time has practical significance for improving the operating efficiency and safety level of airport runways.
从采用的技术手段和部署方式来看,目前的FOD探测技术可分为塔架式FOD探测系统、边灯式FOD探测系统以及车载式系统三大类。From the perspective of technical means and deployment methods, the current FOD detection technology can be divided into three categories: tower type FOD detection system, side light type FOD detection system and vehicle-mounted system.
1.1塔架式FOD探测系统1.1 Tower type FOD detection system
该类系统传感器安装在塔架上面,塔架部署在距跑道中线上百米以外。塔架式系统工作示意如下:The sensors of this type of system are installed on the tower, and the tower is deployed more than 100 meters away from the center line of the runway. The working diagram of the tower system is as follows:
如图1所示塔架式系统部署示意图,点a代表塔架式FOD监测点。按传感器类型,又可细分为纯光学式和光电混合式两大类。As shown in Figure 1, the deployment diagram of the tower system, point a represents the tower FOD monitoring point. According to the type of sensor, it can be subdivided into two categories: pure optical type and photoelectric hybrid type.
1.1.1纯光学式FOD探测系统1.1.1 Pure optical FOD detection system
纯光学式FOD探测系统。依靠光学传感器实现对机场跑道区域的远距离监测,通过图像处理技术发现和识别异物。典型的代表为Stratech公式的iFerret系统。其光学监测点外观是Stratech公司纯光学式FOD系统。Pure optical FOD detection system. Rely on optical sensors to realize long-distance monitoring of the airport runway area, and find and identify foreign objects through image processing technology. A typical representative is the iFerret system of the Stratech formula. The appearance of its optical monitoring point is Stratech's pure optical FOD system.
1.1.2光电混合式FOD探测系统1.1.2 Photoelectric hybrid FOD detection system
光电混合式FOD探测系统。依靠毫米波雷达传感器实现对机场跑道区域的远距离监测,发现和识别;通过光学传感器对发现的异物进行确认。典型的代表为Qinetiq公司的Tarsier系统以及Trex公司的Fodfinder XF系列。Photoelectric hybrid FOD detection system. Rely on the millimeter-wave radar sensor to realize long-distance monitoring, discovery and identification of the airport runway area; use the optical sensor to confirm the foreign objects found. Typical representatives are Qinetiq's Tarsier system and Trex's Fodfinder XF series.
1.2车载式FOD探测系统1.2 Vehicle-mounted FOD detection system
车载式FOD探测系统特点是,传感器安装在可移动的车辆上面,在工作过程中,边移动,边扫描,边检测,边清理。按其采用技术体制,可分为:光电混合式FOD和激光传感器扫描系统。The characteristic of the vehicle-mounted FOD detection system is that the sensor is installed on the movable vehicle, and during the working process, it moves, scans, detects and cleans at the same time. According to the technical system adopted, it can be divided into: photoelectric hybrid FOD and laser sensor scanning system.
1.2.1车载式光电混合FOD探测系统1.2.1 Vehicle-mounted photoelectric hybrid FOD detection system
车载光电混合式FOD探测系统的典型代表为Trex公司的Fodfinder TM系列Trex公司的Fodfinder TM系统。其采用毫米波雷达传感器和光学传感器,安装于车辆顶部,毫米波雷达用于检测,光学相机用于拍照确认。The typical representative of the vehicle-mounted photoelectric hybrid FOD detection system is Trex's Fodfinder TM series Trex's Fodfinder TM system. It uses a millimeter wave radar sensor and an optical sensor, installed on the top of the vehicle, the millimeter wave radar is used for detection, and the optical camera is used for photo confirmation.
1.2.2车载式激光扫描FOD探测系统1.2.2 Vehicle-mounted laser scanning FOD detection system
车载式激光扫描FOD探测系统的典型代表为Pavemetrics公司的LFOD系统。其采用高速摄像机获得车辆经过道面区域的平面画面,然后利用激光探测技术获得道面物体的高度,从而形成被检测道面的三维画面。光学成像装置与激光发射和接收装置安装在车辆后方。系统工作时,高速摄像机拍摄画面,激光束不间断的扫描跑道道面,并接受道面反射的激光,利用信号到达时差。A typical representative of the vehicle-mounted laser scanning FOD detection system is the LFOD system of Pavemetrics. It uses a high-speed camera to obtain a plane picture of the vehicle passing through the road surface area, and then uses laser detection technology to obtain the height of the road surface object, thereby forming a three-dimensional picture of the detected road surface. The optical imaging device and the laser emitting and receiving device are installed at the rear of the vehicle. When the system is working, the high-speed camera takes pictures, the laser beam continuously scans the runway pavement, and receives the laser reflected from the pavement, using the signal arrival time difference.
1.3边灯式FOD探测系统1.3 Side light FOD detection system
按现有资料边灯式系统亦可分为边灯光电混合式和纯光学式两类系统。According to the existing data, the side light system can also be divided into two types of side light electric hybrid and pure optical systems.
1.3.1边灯式光电混合FOD探测系统1.3.1 Side light photoelectric hybrid FOD detection system
其特点是,传感器安装在和跑道边灯一体的底座上面,其通信和供电模块和跑道边灯放置在同一空间(灯桶)内,其如图2边灯式FOD探测单元部署示意图如下:b代表边灯式FOD探测单元,其典型代表是Xsight公司的Fodetect系统。Its characteristic is that the sensor is installed on the base integrated with the runway edge lights, and its communication and power supply modules are placed in the same space (light barrel) as the runway edge lights, as shown in Figure 2. The schematic diagram of the deployment of the edge light FOD detection unit is as follows: b It represents the edge light FOD detection unit, and its typical representative is the Fodetect system of Xsight Company.
1.3.2边灯式纯光学FOD探测系统1.3.2 Edge light pure optical FOD detection system
国内公开技术的机场道面异物监测系统并应用于军用机场,虽然目前还未见到实物,但从其专利描述来看,属于边灯式纯光学探测系统,其传动装置上面安装三个定焦检测镜头,每个镜头负责一段检测区域。分别为:短焦段、中焦段和长焦段。同时配有红外辅助照明系统。其覆盖示意如图3所示。The foreign object monitoring system on the airport pavement of the domestic public technology has been applied to military airports. Although the actual object has not been seen yet, according to its patent description, it belongs to the side light type pure optical detection system, and three fixed-focus sensors are installed on the transmission device. Detection lens, each lens is responsible for a detection area. They are: short focal length, medium focal length and long focal length. At the same time equipped with infrared auxiliary lighting system. Its coverage diagram is shown in Figure 3.
2、混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统2. Hybrid airport runway foreign object detection system
根据各类型FOD探测系统的实际应用情况,现有FOD探测系统存在以下问题:According to the actual application of various types of FOD detection systems, the existing FOD detection systems have the following problems:
2.1现有系统存在的问题2.1 Problems existing in the existing system
(1)三类FOD探测系统各有其优势和劣势:在实际部署过程中,塔架式FOD系统的塔架安装位置受电磁兼容评估以及导航台站保护区的影响,塔架高度受机场飞行区障碍物限制面高程以及鸟网遮挡的影响,使系统性能不能达到最佳;边灯式光电混合探测系统安装位置靠近跑道检测性能良好,但大规模部署成本极高,且传感器节点数量增加后容易导致整体故障率上升;车载式FOD探测系统工作时仍需关闭跑道,并未有效提高航班通行率。(1) The three types of FOD detection systems have their own advantages and disadvantages: in the actual deployment process, the installation position of the tower FOD system is affected by the electromagnetic compatibility evaluation and the protection area of the navigation station, and the height of the tower is affected by the airport flight. The elevation of the restricted surface of obstacles in the area and the occlusion of bird nets make the system performance not optimal; the side light photoelectric hybrid detection system is installed close to the runway and has good detection performance, but the cost of large-scale deployment is extremely high, and the number of sensor nodes increases. It is easy to lead to an increase in the overall failure rate; the vehicle-mounted FOD detection system still needs to close the runway when it is working, which does not effectively increase the flight throughput rate.
(2)机场跑道不同区域异物的发生概率是不同的,而航班起降的过程中,不同阶段的安全性等级也是不同的。现有FOD探测系统在部署过程中,未针对性考虑机场跑道不同区域的情况,因此系统的整体性能不是最优。(2) The probability of occurrence of foreign objects in different areas of the airport runway is different, and the safety levels of different stages are also different during the flight take-off and landing process. During the deployment process of the existing FOD detection system, the situation in different areas of the airport runway is not considered in a targeted manner, so the overall performance of the system is not optimal.
(3)现有FOD探测系统在传感器部署过程中采用单一种类传感器部署方式,比如:Trex、Qinetiq、Stratech公司的纯塔架式FOD探测系统、Xsight纯边灯式FOD探测系统。但上述探测系统在安装部署时,未针对机场跑道的具体探测需求,结合探测系统部署成本,选择性部署传感器,导致探测系统的安装不能做到成本和系统性能之间的平衡。(3) The existing FOD detection system adopts a single type of sensor deployment method in the sensor deployment process, such as: Trex, Qinetiq, Stratech's pure tower FOD detection system, Xsight pure edge light FOD detection system. However, when the above-mentioned detection system was installed and deployed, it did not address the specific detection requirements of the airport runway. Considering the deployment cost of the detection system, the sensors were selectively deployed, resulting in the installation of the detection system failing to achieve a balance between cost and system performance.
(4)现有FOD探测系统的设计理念重点关注机场跑道区域异物的检测、发现和清理,属于被动防范的范畴。未充分考虑跑道以外区域(滑行道、停机坪)产生异物对跑道运行安全的影响。但根据统计,机场跑道区域异物来源中,部分来自于停机坪和滑行道。因此,为提高机场跑道区域异物防范水平,需将来自停机坪和滑行道异物影响及时排除。(4) The design concept of the existing FOD detection system focuses on the detection, discovery and cleaning of foreign objects in the airport runway area, which belongs to the category of passive prevention. The impact of foreign objects in areas other than the runway (taxiways, apron) on the safety of runway operations has not been fully considered. However, according to statistics, some of the sources of foreign matter in the runway area of the airport come from the apron and taxiways. Therefore, in order to improve the foreign object prevention level in the airport runway area, it is necessary to eliminate the influence of foreign objects from the apron and taxiway in time.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术的问题,本发明提出了系统架构上结合塔架式和边灯式FOD探测系统优点,在部署过程中考虑机场跑道不同区域异物发生概率和安全等级的混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统,最终实现对机场不同区域的分层监视。In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a hybrid airport runway foreign object detection system that combines the advantages of the tower-type and side-light FOD detection systems in the system architecture, and considers the probability of occurrence of foreign objects in different areas of the airport runway and the safety level during deployment. system, and ultimately realize layered monitoring of different areas of the airport.
为达成所述目的,本发明提出一种混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统,该系统包括:塔架式光学探测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置、数据处理模块、异物检测融合模块、显示模块、控制模块、异物定位引导模块,其中:In order to achieve the stated purpose, the present invention proposes a mixed-system airport runway foreign object detection system, which includes: a tower-type optical detection device, an edge-light photoelectric hybrid detection device, a solid-state edge-light detection device, a data processing module, a foreign object Detection and fusion module, display module, control module, and foreign object positioning guidance module, of which:
所述边塔架式光学探测装置安装部署于跑道一侧,用于监测跑道第二安全等级区域;The side tower type optical detection device is installed and deployed on one side of the runway for monitoring the second safety level area of the runway;
所述灯式光电混合探测装置与跑道边灯共址安装,用于监测跑道第一安全等级区域;The light-type photoelectric hybrid detection device is installed at the same site as the runway side lights, and is used to monitor the first safety level area of the runway;
所述固态边灯式探测装置安装部署于跑道和滑行道交叉道口,用于防范跑道入侵和跑到外异物进入跑道;The solid-state side light detection device is installed and deployed at the intersection of runways and taxiways to prevent runway intrusion and foreign objects from entering the runway;
所述数据处理模块与对应的塔架式光学检测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置连接,接收来自塔架式光学检测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置的图像和雷达数据,进行数据解析、格式统一、重组、编码发送工作;The data processing module is connected with the corresponding tower-type optical detection device, side light photoelectric hybrid detection device, and solid-state side light detection device, and receives data from the tower-type optical detection device, side light photoelectric hybrid detection device, solid-state side light detection device, etc. The image and radar data of the lamp-type detection device are analyzed, the format is unified, reorganized, coded and sent;
所述异物检测融合模块与数据处理模块连接,接收经数据处理模块处理后的数据,在此基础上进行异物检测,并对检测结果进行数据融合;The foreign matter detection and fusion module is connected to the data processing module, receives the data processed by the data processing module, performs foreign matter detection on this basis, and performs data fusion on the detection results;
所述显示模块与异物检测融合模块连接,接收并显示来自异物检测融合模块的检测融合结果;The display module is connected to the foreign object detection fusion module, receives and displays the detection fusion result from the foreign object detection fusion module;
所述控制模块与对应的显示模块、塔架式光学检测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置连接,接收来自显示模块的控制指令,控制塔架式光学检测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置、固态边灯式探测装置进行检测结果确认;The control module is connected with the corresponding display module, tower-type optical detection device, side light photoelectric hybrid detection device, and solid-state side light detection device, receives control instructions from the display module, and controls the tower-type optical detection device, side light Lamp-type photoelectric hybrid detection device and solid-state edge light detection device are used to confirm the detection results;
所述异物定位引导模块与显示模块连接,接收来自显示模块异物检测信息,引导工作人员准确到达异物发生地点。The foreign matter location guide module is connected with the display module, receives foreign matter detection information from the display module, and guides the staff to accurately arrive at the place where the foreign matter occurs.
本发明的有益效果体现在以下几方面:The beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:
(1)针对现有塔架式系统、边灯式系统、车载移动式系统在技术和成本方面的优缺点,针对性的提出通过综合部署塔架式光学探测装置、边灯式光电混合探测装置和固态边灯式探测装置,优化上述探测装置部署位置,搭建多体制FOD探测监视系统。实现系统在部署成本和整体探测性能方面的最佳平衡。(1) In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing tower system, side light system, and vehicle-mounted mobile system in terms of technology and cost, it is proposed to comprehensively deploy tower type optical detection devices and side light photoelectric hybrid detection devices And solid-state side light detection device, optimize the deployment position of the above-mentioned detection device, and build a multi-system FOD detection and monitoring system. Achieve the optimal balance of the system in terms of deployment cost and overall detection performance.
(2)针对机场跑道的运行特点,以及机场跑道异物的发生规律,针对性的提出跑道、滑行道和联络道区域按安全等级进行分层次监视的解决方案,提高了机场跑道异物的安全防范水平。(2) According to the operating characteristics of the airport runway and the occurrence of foreign objects on the airport runway, a targeted solution for the level-by-level monitoring of the runway, taxiway and contact road area according to the safety level has been proposed, which has improved the safety prevention level of the foreign object on the airport runway .
(3)针对现有塔架式系统、边灯式系统、车载移动式系统在FOD监测过程中,重点关注机场跑道区域异物的检测、发现和清理,忽视了来自滑行道和停机坪异物对机场跑道区域的影响,提出在原有塔架式、边灯式传感器的基础上,增加用于监测交叉道口的固态边灯式探测装置,实现了扩展FOD监测区域,对来自滑行道和停机坪异物的提前预警,从源头减少了FOD对机场跑道区域的干扰。(3) In the FOD monitoring process of the existing tower system, side light system, and vehicle-mounted mobile system, the focus is on the detection, discovery and cleaning of foreign objects in the airport runway area, ignoring the impact of foreign objects from taxiways and aprons on the airport. For the impact of the runway area, it is proposed to add a solid-state side light detection device for monitoring intersections on the basis of the original tower type and side light sensors, so as to realize the expansion of the FOD monitoring area and detect foreign objects from taxiways and aprons. Early warning reduces the interference of FOD to the airport runway area from the source.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是现有技术塔架式系统部署示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the deployment of a tower system in the prior art;
图2是现有技术边灯式FOD探测单元部署示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of deployment of a side light FOD detection unit in the prior art;
图3是现有技术奥普光电的机场道面异物检测系统部署示意图;Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the deployment of the foreign object detection system on the airport pavement of AOP Optoelectronics in the prior art;
图4是本发明混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统部署示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the deployment of the hybrid airport runway foreign object detection system of the present invention;
图5是本发明混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统部署连接关系示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the deployment and connection relationship of the mixed system airport runway foreign object detection system of the present invention;
图6是图5本发明中塔架式光学探测装置结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the tower type optical detection device in Fig. 5 of the present invention;
图7是图5本发明中边灯式光电混合探测装置结构示意图;Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the edge light type photoelectric hybrid detection device in Fig. 5 of the present invention;
图8是图5本发明中固态边灯式探测装置结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid-state edge light detection device in Fig. 5 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
请参阅图4示出本发明混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统,其中示出:塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C、跑道和滑行道;通过分析航班起降的统计数据,总结机场跑道异物发生特点。不难发现,可按航班起降过程中与机场跑道接触的频繁程度,可将跑道大致划分为三类类区域:第一类为飞行器频繁起降区域,在该区域,发生异物掉落可能性大,对飞行安全的影响最大,需要采用可靠性和实时性极高的边灯式光电混合探测装置B;第二类为跑道和滑行道的联络道区域,在该区域,停机坪和滑行道异物(FOD)最容易由此进入跑道,需采取实时性极高并具备FOD监视记录回溯和取证功能的固态边灯式探测装置C;第三类为普通滑跑区域,在该区域,飞行器处于静止或低速运行状态,相对于第一类,异物对飞行安全的影响较弱,此类区域对FOD探测单元实时性和精确性要求相对较低,可采用成本较低且覆盖范围广的塔架式光学检测装置A。综合机场跑道异物探测系统的部署成本以及塔架式光学FOD检测装置A和边灯式光电混合FOD探测装置B的性能和特点,本项目拟对跑道、滑行道和联络道不同区域采用分层探测技术。即在重要热点区域部署定位精度高,实时性强的边灯式FOD探测装置B,确保飞行安全;在次要区域采用性能和成本折中的塔架式光学FOD探测装置A,保证对跑道全局的异物监视;在联络道采用固态边灯式探测装置C实时监控FOD动态,实现来自其他区域FOD的动态跟踪和回溯取证。这样,在保证机场跑道重点区域FOD及时发现和清理的同时,不但有效控制了机场FOD探测系统的部署成本,还扩大了跑道异物防范范围,从源头上减少了异物对机场跑道区域的影响。Please refer to Fig. 4 which shows the foreign object detection system for the hybrid airport runway of the present invention, which shows: a tower type optical detection device A, a side light type photoelectric hybrid detection device B, a solid side light type detection device C, a runway and a taxiway; By analyzing the statistical data of flight take-off and landing, the characteristics of foreign objects on the airport runway are summarized. It is not difficult to find that according to the frequency of contact with the airport runway during flight take-off and landing, the runway can be roughly divided into three types of areas: the first type is the frequent take-off and landing area of aircraft, in this area, the possibility of foreign objects falling large, has the greatest impact on flight safety, and requires the use of side light photoelectric hybrid detection devices B with high reliability and real-time performance; the second category is the contact area of runways and taxiways. Foreign objects (FOD) are most likely to enter the runway here, and it is necessary to adopt a solid-state edge light detection device C with high real-time performance and the function of FOD monitoring record backtracking and evidence collection; the third category is the ordinary taxiing area, in which the aircraft is In the static or low-speed operation state, compared with the first category, the impact of foreign objects on flight safety is weaker. In this type of area, the real-time and accuracy requirements of the FOD detection unit are relatively low, and towers with low cost and wide coverage can be used. Type optical detection device A. Integrating the deployment cost of the airport runway foreign object detection system and the performance and characteristics of the tower-type optical FOD detection device A and the side-light photoelectric hybrid FOD detection device B, this project plans to adopt layered detection for different areas of the runway, taxiway and contact road technology. That is to deploy side-light FOD detection devices B with high positioning accuracy and strong real-time performance in important hotspot areas to ensure flight safety; to use tower-type optical FOD detection devices A with a compromise between performance and cost in secondary areas to ensure comprehensive monitoring of the runway. Foreign object monitoring; the solid-state side light detection device C is used to monitor the FOD dynamics in real time in the communication channel, so as to realize the dynamic tracking and retrospective evidence collection of FOD from other areas. In this way, while ensuring the timely detection and cleaning of FOD in the key areas of the airport runway, it not only effectively controls the deployment cost of the airport FOD detection system, but also expands the scope of foreign object prevention on the runway, reducing the impact of foreign objects on the airport runway area from the source.
请参阅图5所示为图4本发明混合体制机场跑道异物探测系统,该系统包括:塔架式光学探测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C、数据处理模块D、异物检测融合模块E、显示模块F、控制模块G、异物定位引导模块H,其中:Please refer to Fig. 5, which shows the foreign object detection system of hybrid airport runway in Fig. 4 of the present invention. Module D, foreign object detection and fusion module E, display module F, control module G, foreign object positioning guidance module H, wherein:
(1)塔架式光学探测装置A,如图6所示:塔架式光学探测装置A,安装部署于跑道一侧,用于监测跑道第二安全等级区域,所述第二安全等级区域为低安全等级区域;(1) Tower type optical detection device A, as shown in Figure 6: the tower type optical detection device A is installed and deployed on one side of the runway, and is used to monitor the second safety level area of the runway, and the second safety level area is Low security level areas;
塔架式光学探测装置A包括:探测设备A1、通信控制模块A2、供电模块A3、承载转台A4,其中:The tower type optical detection device A includes: detection equipment A1, communication control module A2, power supply module A3, carrying turntable A4, wherein:
所述探测设备A1,安置于所述承载转台A4上方的密封壳体内部并机械固定连接;The detection device A1 is placed inside the sealed housing above the carrying turntable A4 and mechanically fixedly connected;
所述通信控制模块A2与所述探测设备A1连接,用于接收所述探测设备A1输出的数字图像信号和回馈信号,用于向所述探测设备A1发送聚焦变倍指令、用于向所述光学成像模块发送摄像机访问请求;所述摄像机访问请求包括更改访问密码、用户名、光学成像模块IP地址、模块配置参数。所述回馈信号是聚焦值、变倍值;The communication control module A2 is connected with the detection device A1, and is used to receive the digital image signal and the feedback signal output by the detection device A1, and is used to send a focus zoom instruction to the detection device A1, and is used to send a focus zoom instruction to the detection device A1. The optical imaging module sends a camera access request; the camera access request includes changing the access password, user name, IP address of the optical imaging module, and module configuration parameters. The feedback signal is a focus value and a zoom value;
所述供电模块A3,与对应的探测设备A1、通信控制模块A2、承载转台A4的连接,用于提供电力。The power supply module A3 is connected with the corresponding detection equipment A1, the communication control module A2, and the carrying turntable A4 for providing power.
所述探测设备A1包括:变焦镜头、光学成像模块、光学设备控制模块、温湿度传感器、环控模块、制冷制热模块;其中:The detection device A1 includes: a zoom lens, an optical imaging module, an optical device control module, a temperature and humidity sensor, an environmental control module, and a cooling and heating module; wherein:
所述光学设备控制模块与通讯控制模块连接,用于接收通讯控制模块的变倍聚焦控制指令;用于向通讯控制模块发送回馈信号;The optical device control module is connected to the communication control module, and is used to receive the variable magnification focusing control command of the communication control module; and is used to send a feedback signal to the communication control module;
所述变焦镜头与光学设备控制模块连接,用于接收光学设备控制模块的聚焦变倍信号;用于向光学成像模块发送光学成像信号;The zoom lens is connected with the optical equipment control module, and is used to receive the focus zoom signal of the optical equipment control module; and is used to send the optical imaging signal to the optical imaging module;
所述光学成像模块与通讯控制模块连接,用于接收通讯控制模块的摄像机访问请求;用于向通讯控制模块发送数字图像信号;The optical imaging module is connected with the communication control module, and is used to receive the camera access request of the communication control module; and is used to send digital image signals to the communication control module;
所述光学成像模块与变焦镜头连接,用于向光学设备控制模块发送聚焦变倍的电位信号;The optical imaging module is connected with the zoom lens, and is used to send a potential signal for focusing and zooming to the optical equipment control module;
所述温湿度传感器,用于感知其自身的密封壳体内的温度和湿度,输出温湿度数据;The temperature and humidity sensor is used to sense the temperature and humidity in its own sealed housing, and output temperature and humidity data;
所述环控模块与温湿度传感器连接,用于接收温湿度数据并生成控制指令;The environmental control module is connected with a temperature and humidity sensor, and is used to receive temperature and humidity data and generate control instructions;
所述制冷制热模块与环控模块、承载转台连接,用于接收控制指令并制冷制热,用于对位于温湿度传感器的密封壳体内部的转台承载设备B1进行温度补偿。The cooling and heating module is connected with the environmental control module and the carrying turntable, and is used for receiving control commands and cooling and heating, and is used for temperature compensation of the turntable carrying device B1 located inside the sealed housing of the temperature and humidity sensor.
所述承载转台A4包括:机械承载结构、转台传动机构、伺服驱动模块,其中所述机械承载结构用于承载检测设备A1;所述伺服驱动模块为转台传动机构提供驱动电流,控制所述转台传动机构进行俯仰、左右转动。The carrying turntable A4 includes: a mechanical load-bearing structure, a turntable transmission mechanism, and a servo drive module, wherein the mechanical load-bearing structure is used to carry the detection device A1; the servo drive module provides driving current for the turntable transmission mechanism, and controls the turntable transmission. The mechanism performs pitching and left and right rotation.
(2)边灯式光电混合探测装置B,如下图7所示:边灯式光电混合探测装置B与跑道边灯共址安装,共用通信供电基础设施,用于监测跑道第一安全等级区域,所述第一安全等级区域为高安全等级区域。(2) Side light photoelectric hybrid detection device B, as shown in Figure 7 below: The side light photoelectric hybrid detection device B is installed at the same site as the runway side lights, sharing the communication and power supply infrastructure, and is used to monitor the first safety level area of the runway. The first security level area is a high security level area.
边灯式光电混合探测装置B包括:转台承载设备B1、第一一次电源模块B2、FOD转台B3,其中:所述转台承载设备B1,用于输出雷达探测信号;所述第一一次电源模块B2,为所述转台承载设备B1、所述FOD转台B3提供电力;所述FOD转台B3,用于承载所述转台承载设备B1。The side light photoelectric hybrid detection device B includes: a turntable carrying device B1, a first primary power supply module B2, and an FOD turntable B3, wherein: the turntable carrying device B1 is used to output radar detection signals; the first primary power supply The module B2 provides power for the turntable carrying device B1 and the FOD turntable B3; the FOD turntable B3 is used to carry the turntable carrying device B1.
所述转台承载设备B1包括:第一FOD探测雷达B11、第一FOD光学模块B12和第一通信模块B13,其中:所述第一通信模块B13,用于接收来自所述第一FOD探测雷达B11的雷达探测信号,用于接收来自第一FOD光学模块B12的数字图像信号;所述第一通信模块B13向所述第一FOD光学模块B12发送摄像机访问请求;所述第一通信模块B13向所述第一FOD光学模块B12发送控制指令。所述摄像机访问请求包括更改访问密码、用户名、光学成像模块IP地址、模块配置参数。所述控制指令是聚焦控制指令、变倍控制指令。The turntable carrying device B1 includes: a first FOD detection radar B11, a first FOD optical module B12 and a first communication module B13, wherein: the first communication module B13 is used to receive data from the first FOD detection radar B11 The radar detection signal is used to receive the digital image signal from the first FOD optical module B12; the first communication module B13 sends a camera access request to the first FOD optical module B12; the first communication module B13 sends a request to the first FOD optical module B12 The above-mentioned first FOD optical module B12 sends a control command. The camera access request includes changing the access password, user name, IP address of the optical imaging module, and module configuration parameters. The control instructions are focus control instructions and zoom control instructions.
所述第一FOD探测雷达B11包括:第一雷达天线、第一射频模块、第一信号处理模块、第一二次电源组件,其中:所述第一雷达天线接收来自第一射频模块的射频调制信号;所述第一射频模块接收来自所述第一雷达天线的目标回波信号,接收来自所述第一信号处理模块的发射中频信号;所述第一信号处理模块接收来自所述第一射频模块的模拟信号;所述第一二次电源组件为所述第一射频模块和所述第一信号处理模块提供电力。The first FOD detection radar B11 includes: a first radar antenna, a first radio frequency module, a first signal processing module, and a first secondary power supply assembly, wherein: the first radar antenna receives radio frequency modulation from the first radio frequency module signal; the first radio frequency module receives the target echo signal from the first radar antenna, and receives the transmission intermediate frequency signal from the first signal processing module; the first signal processing module receives the signal from the first radio frequency The analog signal of the module; the first secondary power supply component provides power for the first radio frequency module and the first signal processing module.
所述第一FOD光学模块B12包括:第一光学成像模块、第一近红外补光模块、第一光学控制模块,其中:所述第一光学成像模块接收来自所述第一光学控制模块的控制指令;所述第一近红外补光模块接收来自所述第一光学控制模块的控制信号;所述控制信号用于控制所述第一近红外补光模块打开、关闭、光强调整。The first FOD optical module B12 includes: a first optical imaging module, a first near-infrared supplementary light module, and a first optical control module, wherein: the first optical imaging module receives control from the first optical control module Instructions; the first near-infrared supplementary light module receives a control signal from the first optical control module; the control signal is used to control the first near-infrared supplementary light module to turn on, off, and adjust light intensity.
所述FOD转台B3包括:光栅编码器、机械承载机构、转台电机及传动机构、转台伺服驱动模块,其中:所述光栅编码器安置于机械承载机构上;所述转台伺服驱动模块接收来自所述光栅编码器的脉冲信号以及来自所述转台电机及传动机构回传的电机转速和位置;所述转台电机及传动机构接收来自所述转台伺服驱动模块的控制信号。The FOD turntable B3 includes: a grating encoder, a mechanical bearing mechanism, a turntable motor and a transmission mechanism, and a turntable servo drive module, wherein: the grating encoder is placed on the mechanical load mechanism; the turntable servo drive module receives information from the The pulse signal of the grating encoder and the motor speed and position returned from the turntable motor and transmission mechanism; the turntable motor and transmission mechanism receive the control signal from the turntable servo drive module.
(3)固态边灯式探测装置C,如下图8所示:安装部署于跑道和滑行道交叉道口,用于防范跑道入侵和跑到外异物进入跑道。(3) Solid-state edge light detection device C, as shown in Figure 8 below: installed and deployed at the intersection of runways and taxiways to prevent runway intrusion and foreign objects from entering the runway.
固态边灯式探测装置C包括:第二FOD探测雷达C1、第二FOD光学模块C2、第二通信模块C3、第二一次电源模块C4,其中:所述第二通信模块C3与对应所述第二FOD探测雷达C1、所述第二FOD光学模块C2连接,所述第二通信模块C3接收来自所述第二FOD探测雷达C1雷达探测信号,来自所述第二FOD光学模块C2的数字图像信号和回馈信号;所述第二一次电源模块C4与对应的所述第二FOD探测雷达C1、第二FOD光学模块C2和第二通信模块C3连接,用于提供电力。The solid-state edge light detection device C includes: a second FOD detection radar C1, a second FOD optical module C2, a second communication module C3, and a second primary power supply module C4, wherein: the second communication module C3 corresponds to the The second FOD detection radar C1 and the second FOD optical module C2 are connected, the second communication module C3 receives the radar detection signal from the second FOD detection radar C1, and the digital image from the second FOD optical module C2 Signal and feedback signal; the second primary power supply module C4 is connected to the corresponding second FOD detection radar C1 , second FOD optical module C2 and second communication module C3 for providing power.
所述第二FOD探测雷达C1包括:第二雷达天线、第二射频模块、第二信号处理模块、第二二次电源组件,其中:所述第二雷达天线接收来第二自射频模块的射频调制信号;所述第二射频模块接收来自第二雷达天线的目标回波信号和接收来自第二信号处理模块的发射中频信号;所述第二信号处理模块接收来自第二射频模块的模拟信号;所述第二二次电源组件为射频和第二信号处理模块提供电力。The second FOD detection radar C1 includes: a second radar antenna, a second radio frequency module, a second signal processing module, and a second secondary power supply assembly, wherein: the second radar antenna receives the radio frequency from the second radio frequency module modulation signal; the second radio frequency module receives the target echo signal from the second radar antenna and receives the transmission intermediate frequency signal from the second signal processing module; the second signal processing module receives the analog signal from the second radio frequency module; The second secondary power supply component provides power for the radio frequency and the second signal processing module.
所述第二FOD光学模块C2包括:第二光学成像模块、第二近红外补光模块、第二光学控制模块,其中:所述第二光学成像模块接收来自第二光学控制模块变倍、聚焦的控制指令;所述第二近红外补光模块接收来自第二光学控制模块的打开、关闭、光强调整的控制信号;所述第二光学成像模块将数字图像信号以及第二光学控制模块将回馈信号发送至第二通信模块C3。The second FOD optical module C2 includes: a second optical imaging module, a second near-infrared supplementary light module, and a second optical control module, wherein: the second optical imaging module receives information from the second optical control module for zooming and focusing control instruction; the second near-infrared supplementary light module receives control signals for opening, closing, and light intensity adjustment from the second optical control module; the second optical imaging module converts the digital image signal and the second optical control module The feedback signal is sent to the second communication module C3.
(4)数据处理模块D,与对应的塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C连接,接收来自塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C的图像和雷达数据,进行数据解析、格式统一、重组、编码发送等工作。(4) The data processing module D is connected with the corresponding tower-type optical detection device A, side light photoelectric hybrid detection device B, and solid-state side light detection device C, and receives signals from the tower-type optical detection device A, side light type The image and radar data of the photoelectric hybrid detection device B and the solid-state edge light detection device C are analyzed, format unified, reorganized, coded and sent.
(5)异物检测融合模块E,与数据处理模块D连接,接收经数据处理模块D处理后的数据,在此基础上进行异物检测,并对检测结果进行数据融合。(5) The foreign matter detection fusion module E is connected with the data processing module D, receives the data processed by the data processing module D, performs foreign matter detection on this basis, and performs data fusion on the detection results.
(6)显示模块F,与异物检测融合模块E连接,接收并显示来自异物检测融合模块E的检测融合结果。(6) The display module F is connected with the foreign object detection fusion module E, receives and displays the detection fusion result from the foreign object detection fusion module E.
(7)控制模块G,与对应的显示模块F、塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C连接,接收来自显示模块F的控制指令,控制塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C进行检测结果确认。所述控制指令包括塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B转台的俯仰控制指令、水平转动控制指令;塔架式光学检测装置A、边灯式光电混合探测装置B、固态边灯式探测装置C光学模块的变倍聚焦控制指令。(7) The control module G is connected with the corresponding display module F, the tower type optical detection device A, the side light type photoelectric hybrid detection device B, and the solid state side light type detection device C, receives the control command from the display module F, and controls The tower-type optical detection device A, the edge-light photoelectric hybrid detection device B, and the solid-state edge-light detection device C are used to confirm the detection results. The control instruction includes the pitch control instruction and the horizontal rotation control instruction of the tower type optical detection device A, the side light type photoelectric hybrid detection device B, and the turntable; the tower type optical detection device A, the side light type photoelectric hybrid detection device B, the solid state The variable magnification focus control command of the C optical module of the edge light detection device.
(8)异物定位引导模块H,与显示模块F连接,接收来自显示模块F异物检测信息,引导工作人员准确到达异物发生地点。所述F异物检测信息包括异物地理位置、类型、尺寸、发现异物的检测装置编号。(8) The foreign matter positioning guide module H is connected with the display module F, receives the foreign matter detection information from the display module F, and guides the staff to accurately arrive at the place where the foreign matter occurs. The F foreign object detection information includes the geographic location, type, size, and number of the detection device that found the foreign object.
以上所述,仅为本发明中的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内,可理解想到的变换或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内。The above is only a specific implementation mode in the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technology can understand the conceivable transformation or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
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