CN105403930A - Surrounding rock mining damage range segmented testing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a segmental testing system for mining damage of surrounding rock, which belongs to the technical field of measuring the damage range of rock mass on the roof and floor of mines. It solves the problems of one-time plugging and multi-segment measurement, plugging leak detection integration and internal water pressure conversion measurement of mine roof and floor rock mass observation equipment. It includes a blocking system, a guiding system, a supply propulsion system and a pressure conversion system. The blocking system includes a first blocking unit, a second blocking unit and a third blocking unit, and each blocking unit includes a leaking pipe and a connection At the tubular joints at both ends of the leaking pipe, a connecting pipe is arranged between the adjacent blocking units, and the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the tubular joints of the adjacent sealing units, and the outer periphery of the leaking pipe between the two tubular joints A plugging capsule is provided, and a certain blocking space is formed between the plugging capsule and the leaking pipe. The test system can simultaneously realize multi-stage measurement of plugging, integration of plugging and leak detection, and pressure conversion from plugging high-pressure water sources to observing low-pressure water sources.

Description

Surrounding rock mining damage range segmentation test system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of measuring the damage range of rock mass on the roof and floor of a mine, and in particular relates to a segmented testing system for the damage range of surrounding rock mining.

Background technique

The measurement of the damage range of rock mass on the roof and floor of mine is an important parameter to indicate the occurrence state of coal rock. It is a key basic parameter in the study of mine water prevention and control. Therefore, to study the formation of water-conducting channels in mining surrounding rocks, it is necessary to grasp the movement rules of rock strata and determine the damage range of roof and floor rock mass. Numerical simulation, empirical formula prediction, field measurement and other methods are usually used.

However, due to the complex site conditions, to a certain extent, the numerical simulation cannot reflect the site conditions well, and the blindness of the empirical formula is relatively large. As the mining depth increases, the applicability of the empirical formula becomes worse and worse. First of all, due to the excessive number of pipelines working at the same time in the existing observation equipment, especially during the propulsion process, the problem of pipeline entanglement in the borehole is prone to occur. The observed water pressure is generally 0.1MPa, and the observed water source pressure in the borehole should not be too high, otherwise, it will cause expansion of the original cracks in the borehole wall. Under the same external water source, how to make the plugging water source and the observation water source in the integrated observation equipment work at the same time under their respective pressures? Finally, since the drilling length is approximately 50-70m, the single-stage water injection observation instrument is often used on the test site. Advance the measurement length (about 1m), too many advances will greatly increase the manual workload, which may affect the measurement accuracy. The prior art fails to solve the above three problems simultaneously.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a segmented testing system for the mining damage range of surrounding rocks, which can simultaneously realize the multi-segment measurement of plugging, the integration of plugging and leak detection, and the pressure conversion from plugging high-pressure water sources to observing low-pressure water sources.

Its technical solutions include:

A segmented testing system for the mining damage range of surrounding rock, which includes a plugging system, a guiding system, a supply propulsion system and a pressure conversion system;

The sealing system includes a first sealing unit, a second sealing unit and a third sealing unit, wherein the first sealing unit is located at the innermost side of the surrounding rock drilling, the third sealing unit is located at the outermost side, and the third sealing unit is located at the outermost side. The second blocking unit is provided with a plurality, and each blocking unit includes a leaking pipe and a tubular joint connected to both ends of the leaking pipe, and connecting pipes are arranged between adjacent blocking units, and the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected On the tubular joint, a sealing capsule is arranged on the periphery of the leaking pipe between the two tubular joints, and a certain sealing space is formed between the sealing capsule and the leaking pipe;

The pressure conversion system includes a hydraulic pressure converter and a slotted pipe joint, and the hydraulic pressure converter is connected to the tubular joints at the tails of the first and second blocking units through the slotted pipe joint. The water pressure converter consists of a piston and a base. The area of the left end surface of the piston is larger than the area of the right end surface. There are interconnected water guide holes in the piston. The joints are connected, and the water guide hole at the left end is initially sealed by the inner wall of the base, and a boss is provided at the right end of the piston, and the boss is used to limit the position of the spring in the piston, and the piston is used to control the water guide at the left end. The hole remains connected or closed to the borehole in the surrounding rock;

The guiding system includes a guiding cone connected to a tubular joint at the head of the first blocking unit;

The supply propulsion system communicates with the communication pipe, and is used for injecting water into the communication pipe, displaying and recording various parameters.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the tubular joint is provided with vertically upward and vertically downward protrusions, and the sealing capsule is wound around the periphery of the leaking pipe between the two protrusions.

As another preferred solution of the present invention, a groove is provided on the tubular joint on one side of the leaking pipe at a certain distance from the protrusion, and the groove fixes the sealing capsule by cooperating with the fixing member.

Preferably, two leak holes are evenly arranged on each section of the leak pipe.

Preferably, the area ratio of the left end surface of the piston to the right end surface is 10-25:1.

Preferably, the connecting pipe and the tubular joint are threaded.

Preferably, when the piston satisfies P _{i outside} S _{i outside} + kx ≤ P _{i inside} S _{i inside} , the water guide hole at the left end communicates with the drilling hole in the surrounding rock, wherein P _{i outside} is 0.1 MPa, and P _{i inside} is 2.5 MPa, _{the outside} of Si is the area of the piston surface at the left end, _{the inside} of Si is the area of the piston surface at the right end, k is the elastic coefficient of the spring, x is the compression amount, and i is the number of detection units.

Preferably, the supply propulsion system includes a water injection console, a return water pressure gauge, an electronic recorder, a drilling rig and a drill pipe, the water injection console provides a high-pressure water source to the connecting pipe, and the electronic recorder is installed in the On the platform, the return water pressure gauge is used to correct and detect the return water pressure in the return water pipe.

Preferably, there are two second blocking units.

Beneficial technical effects brought by the present invention:

The invention proposes a segmented testing system for the mining damage range of surrounding rocks. Compared with the prior art, the system realizes the integration of plugging and leak detection of the observation system, reduces the number of pipelines working simultaneously in the borehole, and solves the problem of propulsion. During the process, the problem of intertwining of multiple pipes in the borehole improves the stability of the measurement process of the damage range of the mine roof and floor rock mass.

The system realizes the conversion of the plugging water source to the observation water source pressure during the integration process, solves the problem that the plugging water source and the observation water source work under their respective pressures during the observation process, and avoids the destructive effect of the excessive pressure of the observation water source on the borehole fissure. The accuracy of the process of measuring the damage range of rock mass on the roof and floor of the mine is improved.

The system realizes one-time blockage and multi-section measurement of the observation system, increases the measurement length of each advance, improves the measurement efficiency, and lays a foundation for the efficiency, stability and accuracy of the measurement process of the mine roof and floor rock mass damage range.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the subsection test system of the surrounding rock mining damage range of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the overall schematic diagram of the test probe in the test system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the 3rd plugging unit in the test system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the second blocking unit in the test system of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the first plugging unit in the testing system of the present invention;

Figures 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 are partial structural diagrams of the pressure conversion system;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the state of the water pressure converter in the segmental pressure conversion system;

In the figure, 1. rock mass, 2. drilling, 3. plugging capsule, 4. connecting pipe, 5. water pressure converter, 6. tubular joint 1, 7. leaking pipe, 8. slotted pipe joint, 9 1. Tubular joint 3, 10. High-pressure hose, 11. Drill pipe, 12. Drilling machine, 13. Water injection console, 14. Guide cone, 15. Tubular joint 2, 16. Piston, 17. Water guide hole, 18. Spring , 19, the boss, 20, the matrix, 21, the small hole, 22, the first plugging unit, 23, the second plugging unit, 24, the third plugging unit.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

The sub-section testing system for the mining damage range of surrounding rock of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, mainly includes a plugging system, a guiding system, a supply propulsion system, a pressure conversion system and an observation system, wherein the supply propulsion system includes a water injection operation platform 13, Return water pressure gauge, electronic recorder, drilling rig 12 and drill pipe 11. The drilling rig is connected to the water injection console through a high-pressure hose 10. The function of the water injection console is to provide high-pressure water source to the connecting pipe 4 through the high-pressure hose. The electronic recorder Installed on the water injection console, the function is to record the water flow parameters of the electronic flowmeter. The return water pressure gauge is used to correct and detect the return water pressure in the return water pipe. The water injection console 13 includes a flow meter and a pressure gauge, which are respectively used for To observe the water injection flow and water injection pressure, the drilling rig 12 is responsible for advancing the integrated observation system to the corresponding observation area, and the operation methods of the supply propulsion system and the observation system can be realized by referring to the existing technology.

As shown in Figure 2, the guide system mainly includes a guide cone 14 installed on the innermost side of the surrounding rock, which is threadedly connected with the tubular joint 39. In the present invention, the guide cone is preferably designed as a cone to facilitate the occurrence of uneven steps in the borehole 2. When in the state, it plays a guiding role.

The blocking system is shown in Figures 1 to 5 for details, including a first blocking unit 22, a second blocking unit 23, a third blocking unit 24 and a connecting pipe 4, the connecting pipe 4 connects adjacent blocking units, Wherein, the first blocking unit 22 and the third blocking unit 24 are located at the innermost and the outermost sides of the surrounding rock borehole respectively, and the second blocking unit 23 is preferably provided with two, each of which includes a leaking pipe 7 and the tubular joints connected to the two ends of the leaking pipe, the tubular joints are respectively tubular joint one 6, tubular joint two 15 and tubular joint three 9, and the two ends of the connecting pipe 4 are respectively connected to the tubular joints of the adjacent plugging units to connect the Adjacent blocking units are connected together.

The specific structure and connection mode of adjacent blocking units are as follows: the second blocking unit 23 includes tubular joint one 6, tubular joint two 15, leaking pipe 7 and sealing capsule 3; the first blocking unit 22 comprises tubular joint two 15. Leakage pipe 7, tubular joint 3 9 and plugging capsule 3, connecting pipe 4 is a sealed pipe, and tubular joint 1 6 is provided with convex structures and grooves, wherein the convex structures can be vertical upward and vertical The lower raised part, or other raised parts similar to this structure, the function of the raised part is to block the sealing capsule 3 to prevent it from slipping, and the function of the groove is to fix the blocking capsule 3 on it through the fixing member . The plugging capsule 3 wraps around the groove-shaped structure of the two tubular joints 1 6 , and cooperates with the leakage pipe 7 to form a space for swelling the plugging capsule 3 .

The connection relationship of parts in the first plugging unit is substantially the same as the above-mentioned second plugging unit, the left and right ends of the leaking pipe 7 in the first plugging unit are also threaded with the tubular joint two 15 and the tubular joint three 9, and the tubular joint two 15 1. Tubular joint 3 9 is provided with a groove-shaped structure outside, and the plugging capsule 3 can be fixed by a fixing member. 7 cooperate to form the space of swelling and blocking capsule 3.

In the present invention, it is preferred that the connecting pipe 4 and the tubular joint connected thereto are also threaded.

The above-mentioned pressure conversion system is shown in Figure 6 to Figure 12 in detail, including a hydraulic pressure converter 5 and a slotted pipe joint 8, the left end of the slotted pipe joint 8 is threaded with the connecting pipe 4, and the right end is threaded with the tubular joint 2 15, and the snap-in pipe joint 8 is threaded. The outer area of the left end surface of the grooved pipe joint 8 is threadedly connected with four hydraulic pressure converters 5. The hydraulic pressure converter 5 is divided into two parts, the piston 16 and the base body 20. The piston 16 is a cylinder with unequal left and right ends, and the left end is larger The surface area of the cylinder piston is _outside Si, the contact water pressure is _inside Pi, the smaller cylinder piston surface area on the right end is _inside Si, the contact water pressure is _inside Pi, and there is a boss 19 near the right end of the piston 16 It is provided that the spring 18 cooperates with the corresponding part inside the base body 20 to ensure that the piston 16 does not break away from the base body 20 while moving in the base body 20 .

Piston 16 is provided with interconnected water guide holes 17, the right end water guide hole 17 communicates with the card groove pipe joint 8 through the small hole 21, the left end water guide hole 17 is initially sealed by the inner wall of the base body 20, when the piston 16 stretches to the left When the outlet base 20 is greater than a certain position, the water guide hole 17 at the left end communicates with the borehole 2 .

Assuming that the test system has n sections, the opening pressure ratio designed for the water pressure converter 5 in the i section (i≤n) of the number n of sections is m _i , when P _{i inside} /P _{i outside} ≤ m _i , the water pressure The converter 5 is in the closed state, and when P _{i inside} /P _{i outside} ≥ _mi , the hydraulic pressure converter 5 is in the open state, where m _i gradually increases gradually from the tail test unit section to the head test unit section.

In the piston 16, the smaller cylinder piston surface area at the right end is S _i and the larger cylinder piston surface area at the left end is S _{i outside} area ratio S _{i inside} /S _{i outside} , which can be set according to the number of segments n in the test system The opening pressure ratio mi designed for the water pressure converter 5 in the _i -th section (i≤n).

The working principle of hydraulic pressure converter 5 of the present invention is:

In the number of segments n set by the test system, in the i segment (i≤n), the larger cylindrical piston at the left end has a surface area of S _i, and the contact water pressure is the water pressure P _i observed in the borehole, and the smaller cylindrical piston at the right end The surface area is _{within S i} , the contact water pressure is _within the sealing water pressure _Pi of the plugging capsule 3, the elastic coefficient k in the spring 18, and the compression amount x, it can be known from the principle of two-force balance:

When F _{i outside} + F _{i bomb} ≥ F _{i inside} , that is, P _{i outside} S _{i outside} + kx ≥ P _{i inside} S _{i inside} , then the water pressure converter 5 is in the closed state, the piston 16 does not move outward, and the water guide hole 17 Blocked by the inner wall of the base body 20, it cannot communicate with the borehole 2.

When F _{i outside} + F _{i bomb} ≤ F _{i inside} , that is, P _{i outside} S _{i outside} + kx ≤ P _{i inside} S _{i inside} , then the water pressure converter 5 is in the open state, the piston 16 moves outward, and the water guide hole 17 The inner wall of the matrix 20 is exposed, communicated with the borehole 2, and replenishes water in the borehole 2.

The above process can not only realize the conversion from the internal measurement (referring to the plugging capsule 3) to block the high-pressure water (generally 2.5MPa) to the outside (referring to the inside of the borehole 2) to observe the low-pressure water (0.1MPa), but also realize the drilling as required 2 Real-time water replenishment process.

Among them, the _outside of P _i is the observed water pressure, which is usually taken as 0.1 MPa in engineering, and _{the inside of P i is} the water pressure of the swelling and sealing capsule 3 in the sealing system, which is usually greater than 2.5 MPa in engineering _. The ratio _inside is about 25:1. Considering that the area difference is too large, a spring 18 is added for adjustment. One is to reduce the ratio of internal and external areas, which is convenient for actual manufacturing needs, and the other is to enable the piston 16 to return automatically.

The operating principle of the test system of the present invention is:

Set the opening pressure of the pressure converter 5 from the tail test unit section to the head test unit section as m ₁ =2.5MPa, m ₂ =2.6MPa, m ₃ =2.7MPa...m _i ...m _n (where , m ₁ <m ₂ <m ₃ ... <m _i ... <m _n ), the observed water pressure P _{i is} taken as 0.1MPa;

Inject water into the system, and the pressure in P1 of the plugging capsule ₃ increases. When P1 _is slightly larger than 2.5MPa, stop water injection and keep the water pressure unchanged for 1-2 minutes. At this time, only the water pressure of the first measuring section The converter 5 is turned on, and fills water into the corresponding borehole 2. According to the conversion relationship, when the water pressure in the borehole 2 reaches 0.1MPa, the hydraulic pressure converter 5 is closed. When the crack in the borehole 2 leaks, resulting in If the water pressure is less than 0.1MPa, continue to fill with water, read and calculate the average leakage L ₁ within this time period;

Continue to increase the water pressure to slightly greater than 2.6MPa. At this time, only the hydraulic pressure converters 5 of the first and second measuring sections are turned on and working at the same time. Read and calculate the average leakage L ₂ during this period, so the average Leakage is L ₂ -L ₁ ;

By analogy, the average leakage amount of the third segment L ₃ -L ₂ -L ₁ until the n segment is measured, with the increase of the segment number n, the cumulative error will increase accordingly, therefore, within the error allowable range, the segment number n is taken as 3 paragraphs are more appropriate.

The following is a detailed description of the observation method of the subsection test system for the mining damage range of surrounding rock of the present invention, and the main steps include:

(1) Drilling hole 2: use conventional coal mine drilling rig 12 to drill several holes at specified angles successively in the roof or floor rock mass 1 in the coal rock roadway, and the hole depth is 30-70m;

(2) Install the observation system: clean up the sundries in the borehole, select the number n of sections n that the observation system advances and observe each time according to the length of the borehole 2, and install the observation system in the borehole 2, connect the drilling rig 12, water injection through the corresponding pipeline Operate the platform 13, etc., and use the drilling machine 12 and the drilling rod 11 to deliver it to the initial position of the drilling hole 2;

(3) Sealing the borehole 2: after it reaches the initial position, expand the plugging capsule 3 to seal the borehole 2, that is, use the water injection console 13 to inject water into the observation system until it reaches the predetermined initial water pressure;

(4) Measurement of flow vector parameters: After the plugging is qualified, the flow water vector parameters are measured, that is, after the water pressure is stabilized according to the gradient, wait for 1-2 minutes respectively, read and calculate the average leakage L ₁ of each hole section, L ₂ -L ₁ , L ₃ -L ₂ -L ₁ ..., withdraw the pressure water source, make the plugging capsule 3 in the state of pressure relief, and then use the drilling rig 12 and the drill pipe 11 to move the observation system to the next observation area, repeat steps (3) and (4), and measure borehole 2 in turn.

The parts not mentioned in the present invention can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.

Although terms such as water pressure converters and slotted pipe joints are often used in this article, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded, and those skilled in the art can simply replace these terms under the inspiration of the present invention , should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system, is characterized in that: it comprises plugging system, guidance system, supply propulsion system and pressure converting system;

Described plugging system comprises the first shutoff unit, second shutoff unit and the 3rd shutoff unit, wherein, first shutoff unit is positioned at the inner side of wall rock drill-hole, 3rd shutoff unit is positioned at outermost, second shutoff unit is provided with multiple, each shutoff unit includes to leak manages and is connected to the tubular configured joint at the pipe two ends that leak, communicating pipe is provided with between adjacent shutoff unit, the two ends of described communicating pipe are connected on described tubular configured joint, the pipe periphery that leaks between two tubular configured joints is provided with shutoff capsule, described shutoff capsule and leak between pipe and form certain shutoff space,

Described pressure converting system comprises hydraulic pressure converter and draw-in groove pipe adapter, described hydraulic pressure converter is connected on the tubular configured joint of described first shutoff unit and the second shutoff unit tail by draw-in groove pipe adapter, described hydraulic pressure converter comprises piston and matrix two parts, described piston left side area is greater than right side area, the water-guiding hole be interconnected is provided with in described piston, the water-guiding hole being positioned at right-hand member is connected with described draw-in groove pipe adapter by aperture, by matrix inner wall sealing when the water-guiding hole being positioned at left end starts, the right-hand member of piston is provided with boss, described boss is used for carrying out spacing to the spring in piston, described piston keeps being communicated with or closing in order to control left end water-guiding hole and the boring in country rock,

Described guidance system comprises guide cone, and described guide cone is connected with the tubular configured joint of described first shutoff unit header;

Described supply propulsion system was communicated with described communicating pipe, for water filling in described communicating pipe, showed and recorded parameters.

2. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tubular configured joint is provided with lug boss vertically upward and vertically downward, described shutoff capsule is wrapped in the pipe periphery that leaks between two lug bosses.

3. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: on the tubular configured joint being positioned at the pipe side that leaks of lug boss certain distance, be provided with groove, described shutoff capsule is fixed by coordinating with fixture by described groove.

4. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the every section of pipe that leaks is laid with two leaking holes.

5. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the area ratio of described piston left side and right side is 10 ~ 25:1.

6. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communicating pipe and tubular configured joint are for being threaded.

7. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when piston meets P _{outside i}s _{i outward}+ kx≤P _{in i}s _{in i}time, left end water-guiding hole is communicated with the boring in country rock, wherein, and P _{outside i}for 0.1MPa, P _{in i}for 2.5MPa, S _{outside i}for left end piston area area, S _{in i}for right-hand member piston area area, k is spring Elastic coefficient, and x is decrement, and i is the number of probe unit.

8. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supply propulsion system comprises water flood operations platform, pressure of return water table, electronic logger, rig and drilling rod, described water flood operations platform provides high-pressure water within described communicating pipe, described electronic logger is arranged on water flood operations platform, and described pressure of return water table is used for carrying out correct detection to the pressure of return water in return pipe.

9. country rock Mining failure scope sectionalization test system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described second shutoff unit is provided with two.