CN105393960A - Micropterus salmoides early breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fish breeding, and in particular relates to an early breeding method for largemouth bass. The method comprises: a, early cultivation of selected parental perch in the cultivation pond; b, selection of healthy, healthy, non-injured and disease-free parents and putting them into light-transmitting and heat-retaining sheds for intensive cultivation; c, placing the artificial fish attached with fertilized eggs The nests are hatched in a light-transmitting hatching greenhouse, and the water temperature of the hatching pool is artificially controlled. Through the method of the present invention, largemouth bass can achieve the purpose of natural spawning and natural fertilization by controlling conditions such as water quality, nutrition, dissolved oxygen, and temperature without the need for artificial induced labor and artificial fertilization. Establishing a temperature control system in the hatching pool and controlling the water temperature of the hatching pool at 25-28°C can effectively prevent the fertilized eggs of largemouth bass from being infected with saprolegniasis and greatly improve the hatching survival rate of fertilized eggs.

Description

A method for early breeding of largemouth bass

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fish breeding, and in particular relates to an early breeding method for largemouth bass.

Background technique

In the reproduction and production of fish, the fry bred earlier can be sold at a higher price due to the vacancy of the market, and can occupy the market as soon as possible to obtain more benefits. In the process of artificial reproduction, it is generally necessary to induce spawning of the broodstock, so that the broodstock can concentrate on laying eggs within a certain period of time, which includes "artificial induction, artificial insemination" and "artificial induction, natural fertilization". There are many disadvantages in this method of promoting early spawning of fish through artificial oxytocin or artificial insemination: firstly, the damage to the broodstock itself is relatively large, and the stress response of the broodstock after oxytocin is severe, which affects spawning; secondly, injection of oxytocin Sometimes it is necessary to operate each fish one by one, and the workload is large; and the broodstock that has been induced by hormones cannot be accepted by consumers because they have been injected with hormones.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an early breeding method for largemouth bass. By controlling the water quality, nutrition, temperature and other conditions well, the method enables the broodstock to lay eggs and hatch early without inducing labor.

In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

A method for early propagation of largemouth bass, comprising the following operations:

a, Early cultivation: before September, select 1 age and/or 2 age perch as parents, and breed 1000-1300 groups of parents of 0.5-0.7kg per mu in the cultivation pond; feed extruded feed every day, and the cultivation pond An extruded feed concentration device is placed in the center;

b. Intensive cultivation: From September to November, change the extruded feed to ice fresh fish to feed the broodstock. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 15°C, select healthy, healthy, non-injured and disease-free parents to put in light-transmitting Intensive cultivation is carried out in the thermal insulation greenhouse, and the stocking density of the parents: 200-230 tails of male fish and 240-260 tails of female fish are stocked per mu; microporous aeration equipment is installed in the transparent thermal insulation greenhouse, and every evening to the second On the morning of the next day, turn on the microporous oxygenation equipment; from late February to early March, flush the spawning pool in the light-transmitting thermal insulation greenhouse to promote the gonad development of broodstock; , secure artificial fish nests around the spawning pond to collect fish fertilized eggs;

c. Hatching: including building a hatching greenhouse, placing artificial fish nests attached with fertilized eggs into the hatching pool in the hatching greenhouse, and setting up a temperature control system in the hatching greenhouse to control the water temperature of the hatching pool at 23-28°C.

A further technical solution: in the operation a, between June and September, the extruded feed is fed twice a day at 10:00 am and 4:00 pm respectively.

A further technical solution: in the operation b, the parents are placed in a light-transmitting heat preservation shed for intensive cultivation and continue to be fed with fresh fish while regularly feeding fresh and live bait; The water quality of the spawning pond, when the water quality is still not up to standard, change the water; at noon when the temperature is high, open the light-transmitting heat preservation greenhouse for ventilation.

A further technical solution: in the operation c, a matching hatching water filtration system is established upstream of the hatching pool, and a water outlet structure is established downstream of the hatching pool.

Further technical solution: the extruded feed concentrating device in the operation a includes a hoop that can enclose the extruded feed floating on the water surface, the hoop includes several floating units, and the floating units are arranged in sequence along the periphery of the hoop, The ring body also includes a channel for accommodating floating units, and the floating units are sequentially arranged in the channel and enclose to form a ring body; the floating unit is a plastic bottle body, and the plastic bottle body is axially aligned with the plastic bottle The length direction of the channel where the body is located is the same; the channel is formed by wrapping the floating unit with mesh cloth; the feed concentration device also includes a fixed pile, which is connected to the ring body through a fixed rope. There are four fixed piles, and the ring body passes through The tightening of the fixed rope connected with the four fixed piles presents a square structure, and the mesh aperture of the mesh cloth is smaller than the particle diameter of the extruded feed.

A further technical solution: the light-transmitting heat preservation greenhouse in the operation b includes a steel structure support located above the spawning pond, and the outer side of the steel structure support is covered with a shed body composed of a light-transmitting film; the steel structure support includes The first crossbeam, the oblique support rod, the first crossbeam is supported by a number of columns erected in the spawning pond, the uprights are evenly arranged along the length direction of the first crossbeam, and one end of the oblique support rod is perpendicular to the first crossbeam connected, and the other end is supported on the ground around the spawning pool. Several steel wire ropes parallel to each other for supporting the light-transmitting film are drawn above the first beam. The steel wire ropes are parallel to the first beam in the length direction Vertically, the two ends of the steel wire rope are respectively fixed on the cement foundation near the periphery of the spawning pond; a nylon net covered on the steel wire rope is also provided between the steel wire rope and the light-transmitting film; the steel structure support also includes A second beam parallel to the first beam and fixed on the plurality of columns, the second beam is provided with an aeration tube arranged in parallel with the second beam, and the aeration tube is connected to a number of inlets Oxygen hose in the spawning pond; the light-transmitting film at both ends of the first beam constitutes the front and rear ends of the shed body, and the front and rear ends of the shed body are provided with doors and windows for ventilation in the shed; the shed The upstream of the spawning pond is provided with a water inlet device for sending water to the spawning pond, and the downstream of the spawning pond is provided with a water outlet; the outer side of the shed is provided with a sunshade net.

A further technical solution: the artificial fish nest in the operation b includes an oviposit layer made of superimposed plant leaves, and a fixed frame for fixing the plant blades is provided on the periphery of the oviposit layer, so The periphery of the egg layer is turned over and wrapped around the frame edge of the fixed frame, and the overlapping part after the egg layer is turned over is provided with a suture line that sews the plant leaves of the overlapping part together; the fixed frame is made of stainless steel; the fixed The frame is a square frame with a side length of 25-100 cm; the fish nest also includes a pulling part connected with the fixed frame; the pulling part is a nylon rope; and the plant leaves are palm leaves.

A further technical solution: the hatching greenhouse includes the hatching pond, and a greenhouse body composed of a steel structure support above the hatching pond and a light-transmitting film covering the outside of the steel support; the hatching pond includes several mutually isolated The hatching unit; the steel support is provided with a card slot for fixing the light-transmitting film, and the light-transmitting film is placed in the slot through an S-shaped bead; a light bulb is hoisted above the hatching tank, and the The display panel of the temperature control system is suspended above the hatching pool; the greenhouse is equipped with equipment for increasing micropore oxygen into the hatching pool; the outside of the greenhouse body is covered with a sunshade net; the greenhouse body is equipped with user Airy windows.

A further technical solution: the hatching water filtration system includes a filter unit, and the filter unit includes a first-stage filter, a second-stage filter, and a third-stage filter that are sequentially intercepted along the flow direction of the water body, and the apertures of the filter screens are gradually reduced. net, four-stage filter, a water agitation device is provided beside the third-stage filter and/or four-stage filter, and the agitation device is an impeller type aerator; the filter unit also includes a water pump, pumping Water pipe, the water pump pumps the water body from the reservoir into the hatching tank through the water pipe, and the first-stage filter screen and the second-stage filter screen are respectively located at the water inlet and the water outlet of the water pipe; the third-stage filter screen 1. The four-stage filter screen is located in the hatching tank, and the impeller type aerator is arranged on the side away from the three-stage filter screen in the four-stage filter screen; the aperture of the second-stage filter screen is 100-180 mesh, and the The secondary filter screen is a net bag structure, and the net pocket mouth is sleeved on the water outlet of the suction pipe; the aperture of the third-stage filter screen is 180 mesh, and the aperture of the fourth-stage filter screen is 200 mesh; the third-stage filter screen and The four-stage filter screens are all fixed on the corresponding brackets, and the brackets for fixing the three-stage filter screens are fixedly connected with the brackets for fixing the four-stage filter screens, and the brackets for fixing the four-stage filter screens are also connected with the four-stage filter screens. The filter screen is fixedly connected to the bracket on one side away from the third-stage filter screen; the length of the third-stage filter screen and the fourth-stage filter screen is 10-60 meters; The arrangement direction of the net is arranged in sequence.

Further technical solution: the water outlet structure includes a vertical pipe section located in the hatching tank and vertically arranged to the bottom of the hatching pool, the top of the vertical pipe section is sleeved and connected with a metal mesh pipe; the pipe wall of the metal mesh pipe is sleeved on the vertical pipe section The outside of the pipe wall, and the metal mesh pipe and the vertical pipe section are fixed by clamps; the water outlet structure also includes an active pipe section located outside the hatching tank and connected with the vertical pipe section, and the clamp between the axial direction and the horizontal plane of the active pipe section The angle can be adjusted, and the maximum vertical height of the water level in the movable pipe section is lower than the sum of the height of the vertical pipe section and the metal mesh pipe; the metal mesh pipe is made of stainless steel; the vertical pipe section and the movable pipe section pass through the hatching pool The horizontal pipe section of the wall is connected, and the movable pipe section communicates with the horizontal pipe section through the first right-angle pipe joint, and the first right-angle pipe joint rotates around the horizontal pipe section axially and drives the movable pipe section to rotate; The pipe joint communicates with the horizontal pipe section.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) By the method of the present invention, largemouth bass can achieve the purpose of natural spawning and natural fertilization by controlling conditions such as water quality, nutrition, temperature, etc. without the need for artificial induced labor and artificial insemination. Both operations play a crucial role in the early spawning of largemouth bass. Practice shows that the present invention establishes a temperature control system in the hatching pool and controls the water temperature of the hatching pool at 25-28°C, which can effectively prevent the fertilized eggs of largemouth bass from being infected with saprolegniasis, and greatly improve the hatching survival rate of the fertilized eggs.

(2) The feed concentrating device in the present invention can concentrate the extruded feed floating on the water surface in the inside of the ring body, effectively preventing the waste and water pollution caused by the feed floating around in the pond, and at the same time, the concentration of the feed ensures The principle of fixed-point feeding for fish farming is established, which ensures the regularity of fish eating, achieves the effect of domestication, and further ensures fish feeding and normal growth. The ring body of the present invention is made of plastic bottle body and mesh cloth, and the materials used are low in cost and easy to obtain. The ring body made of plastic bottle body has a higher height than the water surface, and it is difficult to remove the feed from the ring body even if there is a strong wind and waves. Get it out of the body, and the effect is good. The ring body can be fixed at a specific position in the water surface through the fixed pile, preventing it from floating randomly together with the feed, and further ensuring the fixed-point principle of feeding.

(3) In the present invention, the light-transmitting and heat-retaining greenhouse is supported by a steel structure to support the shed body, so its structure is stronger and has a longer service life than the traditional support made of bamboo poles. The light-transmitting film can transmit light, so that sunlight can shine on the broodstock, which can sterilize and prevent the broodstock from suffering from diseases. At the same time, the light-transmitting film heats up quickly, and the light can promote or accelerate the development of the broodstock gonads, which is beneficial to early reproduction. In addition, the greenhouse with the above-mentioned structure can increase the space in the shed, which is beneficial to the internal operations of the breeders. The steel structure supporting structure in the present invention has high strength, is also very convenient for construction, has strong wind resistance, and the light-transmitting film is covered on the steel wire rope so that the overall steel structure supporting has a strong snow resistance ability. Nylon mesh can avoid scratches caused by direct contact between light-transmitting film and steel wire rope, especially in windy weather, this effect is particularly important; and nylon mesh can enhance the overall strength, in rainy and snowy weather, can reduce rain Snow damage to the film. The second beam here can not only further enhance the structural strength of the steel support, but also can be used to arrange the oxygenation pipes. The windows are good for ventilation and discharge harmful gases from the shed. At noon in sunny and hot weather, if the temperature inside the shed is too high, you can also open the front and rear doors and windows to ventilate and cool down. Of course, it is also convenient for management personnel to enter and exit.

(4) The spawning layer in the present invention is made by stacking plant leaves together, and the spawning environment formed after the fish nest formed by this spawning layer is placed in water is relatively similar to the spawning environment that largemouth bass likes. Therefore, the largemouth bass is easy to lay eggs on the fish nest; in addition, because the egg-laying layer in the present invention is obtained by stacking plant leaves, the fish nest formed by the egg-laying layer is in the shape of a thin plate or a sheet, which is This kind of thin plate or flake-shaped fish nest has a large contact area, which is not only easy to collect fish eggs, but also can make the distribution of fish eggs more uniform, so that each fish egg can get relatively sufficient oxygen when hatching, thereby greatly improving The hatchability of fish eggs. Because the fish nest is in the shape of a thin plate or sheet, it has a simple structure, is easy to place and transport, and can collect large-mouth bass eggs conveniently, efficiently and in large quantities, which is very conducive to the large-scale reproduction of large-mouth bass. The plant leaves in the present invention are preferably palm leaves, which are beneficial to the attachment and fixation of the sticky eggs produced by largemouth bass, and thus are more suitable for large-scale production and reproduction of largemouth bass. The present invention uses a fixed frame to stack several layers of plant leaves together to make a fish nest. The shapes of the fixed frames are different, as long as the plant leaves can be fixed; the fixed frame in the present invention is preferably a square frame made of stainless steel. Not only will it not rust, but also has a certain weight, is easy to sink in water, and is convenient to use. The present invention is also provided with a pulling part on the fixed frame. When in use, the other end of the pulling part is tied to a tree stump by the pond or other fixed piles. When fish eggs need to be collected, the fish nest can be pulled out by the pulling part. Therefore, the present invention is simple to manufacture and easy to operate, and can be widely used in the reproduction of largemouth bass or other fish that lay sticky eggs or in corresponding scientific research activities.

(5) Since the steel structure support is used to support the greenhouse body in the hatching greenhouse of the present invention, its structure is firmer and has a longer service life than the traditional support made of bamboo poles. The light-transmitting film can transmit light and heat up naturally, which is conducive to the hatching of fertilized eggs; in addition, during the fry cultivation process, sunlight can sterilize and accelerate the growth of fry. In addition, the hatching greenhouse with the above-mentioned structure has a large internal space, can accommodate a sufficiently large hatching pool, and is easy to operate. Multiple incubation units are beneficial to separate different batches of fertilized eggs, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate of hatching. The cooperation between the card slot and the bead is very ingenious to fix the light-transmitting film on the steel structure support. The groove wall of the card slot forms a bent structure from the notch to the groove, which is beneficial for the bead to press the light-transmitting film and Put it in the card slot and lock it. The hatching greenhouse is very convenient to build, and the structure is stable and firm. When the fry are tamed after they come out of the film, use the phototaxis of the fry to concentrate the fry in a small area through a light bulb, so that they can concentrate on feeding the bait, which is beneficial to improve the effect of domestication.

(6) The hatching water filtration system in the present invention solves the clogging problem of the filter screen by adding a stirring device under the condition that the filtration effect is good, and can ensure the supply requirement of a large amount of aquaculture water. The filtration system is fully mechanized, saves manpower, is easy to operate, and improves the filtration efficiency. The impeller type aerator is selected as the agitation device, which can not only increase oxygen for the water body, but also avoid the clogging of the filter screen, and the effect is obvious. The step-by-step filtration of the primary filter, the secondary filter, the third filter, and the fourth filter further ensures the water quality requirements of fish breeding water.

(7) The structure of the water outlet in the present invention is simple. While ensuring a large amount of water outlet, the fish fry can also be effectively blocked to prevent the fish fry from escaping, and the water changing process can be carried out quickly. The angle between the axial direction and the horizontal plane of the movable pipe section connected with the vertical pipe section in the water outlet structure can be adjusted, so that the adjustment of the water level in the hatching tank can be realized.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of the structure of the feed concentration device of the present invention when it is used in the water surface;

Fig. 2 is a top view schematic diagram of structure two of the feed concentration device of the present invention when it is used in the water surface;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-transmitting and heat-retaining greenhouse in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the steel structure support in the light-transmitting and heat-retaining greenhouse of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the artificial fish nest in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the hatching greenhouse in the present invention.

Figure 8 is a top view of the hatching tank.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperative use of the clamping groove on the steel structure support and the bead.

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a bead.

11 and 12 are structural schematic diagrams of the hatching water filtration system in the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the water outlet structure in the present invention.

The specific meanings of the reference signs in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

10—circle body 11—floating unit 12—channel 20—fixed pile 30—fixed rope

40-spawning pool 50-steel structure support 51-first beam 52-second beam

53-Diagonal support rod 54-Column 55-Wire rope 56-Nylon net 60-Shed body

61-doors and windows 70-oxygenation tube 71-oxygen hose 80-egg layer 90-fixed frame

100—sewing thread 110—pulling member 120—hatch tank 121—hatch unit

122-water injection pipe 123-water outlet structure 123a-vertical pipe section 123b-active pipe section

123c-metal mesh pipe 123d-horizontal pipe section 123e-first right-angle pipe joint

123f-second right-angle pipe joint 124-drainage channel 130-greenhouse body 131-steel structure support

131a-card slot 131b-layer strip 132-translucent film 133-shade net 134-window

140-bulb 150-display panel 160-filter unit 161-primary filter

162-Secondary filter 163-Third filter 164-Fourth filter 165-Pumping pipe

170-Impeller aerator 180-Reservoir

detailed description

Example 1

a. Early cultivation: Before September, select 1-year-old perch as parents, and stock about 1300 groups of parents of about 0.5kg per mu in the cultivation pond; between June and September, feed extruded feed twice a day, select respectively Feed at 10:00 am and 4:00 pm, and an extruded feed concentration device is placed in the cultivation pond. Properly adjust the feeding amount according to the temperature and weather. Generally, the feeding is stopped until the fish do not eat much. Considering the floating property of the extruded feed, in order to achieve the purpose of controlling the feed in a specific area for the fish to eat, use The described extruded feed concentration device is installed to ensure the growth and development of broodstock; a small amount of silver carp and crucian carp can be nested in the cultivation pond.

b. Intensive cultivation: From September to November, the extruded feed is changed to ice fresh fish to feed broodstock. Because ice fresh fish is animal protein and has high nutrition, it is beneficial to accelerate the development of broodstock. The high fat content is good for broodstock to survive the winter. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 15°C at around 11 ℃, select the parents with strong physique, no injury and no disease, and put them in the light-transmitting greenhouse for intensive cultivation. The stocking density of the parents: stocking per mu There are 200 male fish and 240 female fish. The stocking density of the parents here is not easy to be too high, and the ratio of male to female fish is = 1:1.1-1.2. Hole oxygenation equipment; from late February to early March, flush the spawning pond to promote the development of broodstock gonads. Among them, the flushing treatment is to inject water into the spawning pond upstream of the spawning pond, and release water downstream, so that the water in the spawning pond forms flowing water, and the flushing time is adjusted according to the water temperature every day. When the water temperature is high, the flushing time can be extended appropriately.

Due to the warming up of the greenhouse and adequate nutrition, all environmental conditions are conducive to the development of the broodstock. The broodstock begins to estrus and spawn in late March. At this time, artificial fish nests are placed around the spawning pond to collect the fertilized eggs of the fish. Check the status of the fertilized eggs collected in the fish nest every morning. If there are fertilized eggs stuck to the fish nest, collect them and put them in the hatching tank for incubation. Stir the tail and stir the soil on the edge of the pond, so when you collect the fish nest every day, swing it in the water to wash off the sand. If the fish nest is found to be dirty, replace it with a new one, otherwise the broodstock will not lay eggs in the dirty fish nest. .

In the operation b, the parents are put into a light-transmitting and heat-preserving greenhouse for intensive cultivation and continue to be fed with fresh and live bait while continuing to feed with fresh fish. When feeding ice fresh fish, properly control the feeding amount according to the height of the water temperature; during the intensive cultivation period, use bottom reform or bacillus to adjust the water quality of the spawning pond, and regularly detect indicators such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and dissolved oxygen in the water body. If the water is still not up to the standard, change the water; at noon when the temperature is high, open the light-transmitting heat preservation greenhouse for ventilation, cool down and remove harmful gases.

c. Hatching: including building a hatching greenhouse, placing artificial fish nests attached with fertilized eggs into the hatching pool 120 in the hatching greenhouse, and setting up a temperature control system in the hatching greenhouse to control the water temperature of the hatching pool at 23°C.

Example 2

What is different from Example 1 is that in the early stage of cultivation, the 2-year-old perch is selected as the parent, and 1000 groups of parents of about 0.7kg are stocked in each mu of the cultivation pond. 260 tails, the water temperature of the hatchery was controlled at 28°C during incubation, and other conditions were the same.

Example 3

What is different from Examples 1 and 2 is that in the early stage of breeding, the perch mixed with the 1st age and the 2nd age is selected as the parent, and 1200 groups of parents of about 0.6kg are stocked in each acre of cultivation ponds, and the stocking density of the parents is: put the male fish in a suitable place per acre 220 fish, 250 female fish, the water temperature in the hatchery is controlled at 25°C during hatching, and other conditions are the same.

Proved by the above examples, the parent fishes cultivated by the method of the present invention have all laid eggs earlier, and the fertilized eggs are basically not infected with Saprolegniasis, and the hatching rate is high. The early breeding method is effective and easy to operate.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the structure of feed concentrating device, light-transmitting thermal insulation greenhouse, artificial fish nest that the present invention plays an important role in promoting spawning is further explained:

Feed concentration device, as shown in Figure 1, 2, 3:

The feed concentrating device includes a ring body 10 which can surround the floating feed on the water surface. The ring body 10 should have a certain height above the water surface, so that the feed can be effectively surrounded and concentrated, and the feed can be prevented from running out of the ring body 10 with waves. The ring body 10 can be made of any material that can float on the water surface, such as plastic foam strips. The device can meet the feeding needs of aquatic animals fed with floating feed, such as perch and carp, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the feed in a specific area for fish to eat.

The ring body 10 includes several floating units 11 , and the floating units 11 are arranged in sequence along the periphery of the ring body 10 . The floating unit 11 can be a hollow sphere, cylinder, plastic foam, beverage bottle, etc., and the floating unit 11 can be sequentially connected to form the body structure of the ring body 10, and make the ring body 10 float on the water surface.

The ring body 10 also includes a channel 12 for accommodating the floating units 11 , and the floating units 11 are sequentially arranged in the channel 12 and then surrounded by the channel 12 to form the ring body 10 . The above-mentioned floating unit 11 constitutes the body structure of the ring body 10 by being arranged in the channel 12. The channel 12 is generally made of flexible materials, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, corresponding to the channels made of plastic film and mesh cloth. 12, the shape and size of the ring body 10 can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the size of the pond. Under normal circumstances, small ponds have few fish, and the pen body 10 can be made smaller enough for use. Large ponds have many fish, and if it is small, the fish are easy to pile up and grab food when eating, and get injured, but Too big floating feed is also easy to disperse, so the length and width of this ring body 10 must be determined according to the pond size and the number of fish.

The floating unit 11 is a plastic bottle body, and the axial direction of the plastic bottle body is the same as the length direction of the channel 12 where the plastic bottle body is located. The floating unit 11 can be a plastic bottle used for holding beverages that is widely used on the market, and the plastic bottle is arranged in the channel 12 along the axial direction of the plastic bottle, and the use of the plastic bottle is equal to waste recycling. , and easy to obtain, the cost is extremely low, which greatly reduces the cost of fish farming. The circle body 10 that plastic bottle body is made in addition has higher height compared to water surface, also is difficult to get feed out from circle body 10 even if there are strong winds and waves.

The channel 12 is formed by sewing the floating unit 11 wrapped with mesh cloth. The production material such as mesh cloth is also very easy to obtain. When making the ring body 10, after the mesh cloth is wrapped on the surface of the plastic bottle body, the mesh cloth is sewed to form a channel 12 for accommodating the plastic bottle body. It is simple and convenient to make. The above-mentioned mesh cloth is preferably made of green nylon rope, because the green nylon rope is corrosion-resistant and has a long service life.

The feed concentrating device also includes a fixed pile 20, and the fixed pile 20 is connected with the ring body 10 through a fixed rope 30. The ring body 10 can be fixed at a specific position in the water surface through the fixing pile 20 to prevent it from floating arbitrarily together with the feed, and further ensure the fixed-point principle of feeding. Fixed stake 20 can be bamboo pole, wooden stick, steel etc., is best with bamboo pole, because bamboo pole is drawn materials conveniently, and material is light, hardness is big, not easy to rot, it is vertically fixed on pond center, easy to operate; Of course, when ring body 10 When approaching the shore, the circle body 10 can be directly fixed on the stump on the shore with the fixed rope 30 . In addition, through the joint action of the fixed stake 20 and the fixed rope 30, the shape and size of the ring body 10 can be adjusted at will, and the operation is simple and convenient.

In addition, in the process of fish farming, the net is often pulled to clean the water surface. It is also very convenient for the feed concentration device to be withdrawn from the pond. It is only necessary to take away the fixed stake 20 such as the bamboo pole and the fixed rope 30, and the feed fixing device, that is, the ring, can be removed. The body 10 is pulled away, which is very convenient to use.

There are four fixed piles 20 , and the ring body 10 presents a square structure through the tightening of the fixed ropes 30 connected with the four fixed piles 20 . The ring body 10 can be rectangular or square, and here the ring body 10 forms a feeding area of a specific shape and size through the cooperation of the fixed pile 20 and the fixed rope 30 .

The mesh aperture of the mesh cloth is smaller than the particle diameter of the floating feed. This technical scheme is mainly proposed in order to prevent the floating feed from running out of the feeding area from the mesh of the mesh cloth.

Light-transmitting thermal insulation greenhouses, as shown in Figures 4 and 5:

The greenhouse includes a steel structure support 50 located above the spawning pond 40, and the outer side of the steel structure support 50 is covered with a shed body 60 made of a light-transmitting film. Since the present invention adopts the steel structure support 50 to support the shed body 60, its structure is stronger and has a longer service life than the traditional support made of bamboo poles. The light-transmitting film can transmit light, so that sunlight can shine on the broodstock, which can sterilize and prevent the broodstock from suffering from diseases. At the same time, the light-transmitting film heats up quickly, and the light can promote or accelerate the development of the broodstock gonads, which is beneficial to early reproduction. In addition, the greenhouse with the above-mentioned structure can increase the space in the shed, which is beneficial to the internal operations of the breeders. The general area of the parent breeding pond, that is, the spawning pond, is between 1-5 mu. The above-mentioned greenhouse structure is firm and can meet the use size of the parent breeding pond.

Wherein, the steel support 50 includes a first crossbeam 51 and an oblique support rod 53, the first crossbeam 51 is supported by several columns 54 erected in the spawning pond 40, and the columns 54 are supported along the first crossbeam. 51 is arranged in the length direction, one end of the oblique support rod 53 is vertically connected with the first crossbeam 51, and the other end is supported on the ground around the spawning pool 40. Above the first crossbeam 51, there are also several parallel bars. The steel wire rope 55 used to support the light-transmitting film is perpendicular to the length direction of the first beam 51 , and the two ends of the steel wire rope 55 are respectively fixed on the cement foundation near the spawning pond 40 . The above-mentioned structure firstly ensures the structural strength of the steel structure support 50, and is also very convenient for construction. Here, the light-transmitting film is best to choose a thicker material, so that the heat preservation effect is better.

A nylon mesh 56 covered on the steel wire rope 55 is also provided between the steel wire rope 55 and the light-transmitting film. Nylon mesh 56 can avoid the phenomenon of scratching caused by direct contact between light-transmitting film and steel wire rope 55, especially in windy weather, this effect is particularly important.

The steel structure support 50 also includes a second beam 52 parallel to the first beam 51 and fixed on the plurality of columns 54, and the second beam 52 is provided with an oxygen-enriching beam arranged in parallel with the second beam 52. Pipe 70, on the described aeration pipe 70, several oxygen hoses 71 leading into the spawning pond 40 are connected. The second beam 52 here can not only further enhance the structural strength of the steel support 50 , but also can be used for arranging the oxygen increasing pipe 70 . If the parent fish is hypoxic during the cultivation process, it will affect the subsequent spawning, and the fertilization rate of the eggs is low, and the unfertilized eggs are also very susceptible to saprolegniasis, which will affect the hatching of other fertilized eggs in the hatching tank. It is very necessary to configure the above-mentioned oxygen increasing pipe 70 in the shed body 60 .

The light-transmitting films located at both ends of the first beam 51 form the front and rear ends of the shed body 60, and the front and rear ends of the shed body 60 are provided with doors and windows 61 for ventilation in the shed. Doors and windows 61 are arranged at the front and back, which are beneficial to ventilation and discharge harmful gases in the shed body 60 . At noon in sunny high-temperature weather, if the temperature in the shed body 60 is too high, the front and rear doors and windows 61 can also be opened to ventilate and cool down.

The spawning pond 40 upstream of this greenhouse is provided with the water inlet equipment that sends water in the spawning pond, and the spawning pond 40 downstream is provided with a water outlet. Because the fish has reverse flow, the water in the spawning pond 40 can form flowing water through the above-mentioned equipment, which can promote the gonad development of broodstock, and is also beneficial to the drainage and water change of the spawning pond 40 to ensure good water quality.

In the later stage of breeding, the temperature is high, and it is sultry in the greenhouse at noon, which will affect the spawning of broodstock, so a sunshade net is installed above the shed body 60, so that the sunshade and cooling can be carried out in the shed body 60 at noon at high temperature.

Artificial fish nest, as shown in Figure 6:

The artificial fish nest includes an oviposit layer 80 made of plant leaves. Plant leaves generally choose leaves with longer plant fibers, which is conducive to the production and molding of the egg layer, and the structure is more stable and not easy to loosen.

Plant leaf among the present invention is preferably palm leaf, and palm leaf can be the leaf sheath part of palm leaf also can be leaf surface part, because palm leaf has stronger adhesiveness, has good adhesion to sticky fish eggs, Fish eggs can be collected to the greatest extent, so it is more suitable for the production and reproduction of sticky fish eggs; at the same time, the fibers of palm leaves are longer, which is conducive to the formation of fish nests. Of course other plant leaves with similar characteristics can be used.

As shown in Figure 6, a fixed frame 90 is provided on the peripheral side of the egg layer 80, and the periphery of the egg layer 80 is folded to wrap the frame edge of the fixed frame 90, and the overlapping part after the egg layer 80 is folded is passed through a suture. 100 stitches

The fixing frame 90 can play the role of shaping, supporting and fixing against the egg layer 80, and can keep the egg layer 80 in a flat state at the same time. During use, the front side (ie, the darker side) of the egg-laying layer 80 faces upwards, which is conducive to the collection of fish eggs and improves the hatching rate. The fixing frame 90 is made of stainless steel. The fixed frame 90 of stainless steel is mainly to consider that after the fish nest is put into the water, the gravity of the fish nest can be increased to help it settle in the spawning pond, which is beneficial to fish spawning. At the same time, stainless steel also has a certain anti-rust function in water, which can greatly improve the service life of the fish nest.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the fixed frame 90 is a square frame with a side length of 25-100 cm. The fixed frame 90 of this structure and size is conducive to the operation of manual placement and collection, and is conducive to the formation of fish nests, and the structural stability is also easy to ensure.

The suture thread 100 adopts a thread resistant to water erosion, and the color of the suture thread 100 is preferably a color close to the plant leaves of the egg layer 80 so as not to affect fish spawning.

As shown in FIG. 6 , a pulling member 110 is connected to the middle of one frame edge of the fixing frame 90 , and the pulling member 110 is a nylon rope. During actual use, nylon rope generally selects green, and it is identical with the leaf color of the blade of egg layer 80, can not affect fish spawning, and nylon rope has certain corrosion resistance underwater simultaneously, and structure is stable, is not easy to break. The fish nest is placed in the spawning pond. In order to ensure its relatively stable underwater position, the fish nest can be connected to a wooden stake or other fixed object through a nylon rope, which is also convenient for the operator to observe the spawning situation and collect the attached fish. nest of eggs.

Specific use: when largemouth bass broodstock is found to be in estrus, the artificial fish nest of the present invention can be taken out after soaking in water for half a day. When the fish nest is placed in the water, use a nylon rope to connect it to a wooden stake or other fixtures. Put the fish nest on a slope 100-50 cm deep from the water surface in the spawning pond, and adjust the length of the nylon rope according to the pond conditions. , making it relaxed in water.

The present invention can be used for breeding and laying eggs of sticky egg-producing fishes such as largemouth bass. Because of its large contact area, it can collect most of the eggs produced by largemouth bass, and evenly distribute the eggs on the egg layer 80, which is useful. Facilitate the hatching of fertilized eggs. The fish nest in the present invention is simple to manufacture and easy to operate, and can be widely used in the breeding of largemouth bass or other sticky egg-producing fish for aquatic breeding or corresponding scientific research activities. In addition, the raw materials for making fish nests have a wide range of sources and are easy to obtain, which greatly saves the cost of breeding.

In order to ensure the hatching water quality and prevent harmful organisms from entering the hatching pool 120, the present invention establishes a matching hatching water filtration system at the upstream of the hatching pool 120, and establishes a water outlet structure 123 at the downstream of the hatching pool 120. The water outlet structure is also used to clean the hatching pool. During water change or running water operation.

Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the hatching greenhouse, the hatching water filtration system, and the water outlet structure are further described in the present invention:

Incubation greenhouse, as shown in Figures 7, 8, 9, and 10:

The hatching greenhouse includes a hatching tank 120 , and the hatching greenhouse also includes a greenhouse body 130 composed of a steel structure support 131 above the hatching tank 120 and a light-transmitting film 132 covering the outside of the steel structure support 131 . Since the present invention adopts the steel structure support 131 to support the light-transmitting film 132, its structure is stronger and has a longer service life than the traditional support made of bamboo poles. The light-transmitting film 132 can transmit light and heat up naturally, which is beneficial to the hatching of fertilized eggs; in addition, during the fry cultivation process, sunlight can sterilize and accelerate the growth of fry. In addition, the hatching greenhouse with the above-mentioned structure has a large internal space, can accommodate a sufficiently large hatching pool, and is easy to operate.

The hatching pool 120 includes several hatching units 121 isolated from each other. For example, when largemouth bass breeds, the fertilized eggs of the first day and the second day cannot be put together, because the fertilized eggs with a difference of one day will have a large difference in the later fry, and large fry will compete with small fry, which will form Vicious circle, finally the big fry will eat the small fry, even sometimes the big fry can't eat the small fry, the small fry will get stuck in the throat of the big fry, both fish will die, so many hatchings are needed Unit, which is beneficial to separate different batches of fertilized eggs. In our actual use, sometimes due to weather and other reasons, there are few fertilized eggs collected, and it is still a waste of space in the pool to be placed in one hatching unit. You can put about 2 dense meshes in one hatching unit to separate the hatching unit. Divide into smaller hatching areas for different batches of fertilized eggs. Of course, the hatching unit can also be made smaller when initially built.

The upstream of the hatching pool 120 is provided with a water injection pipe 122 for injecting flowing water into the hatching pool 120 , and the downstream of the hatching pool 120 is provided with a water outlet structure 123 . The water in and out of the hatch tank 120 is convenient like this, which is beneficial to changing water. For example, the hatching temperature of largemouth bass is generally best at 25-28. At this time, the occurrence of saprolegniasis can be reduced. However, in the later stage, after the fish fry emerge from the film, they need to cool down to about 2°C different from the water temperature in the outer pond. Using the above structure The purpose of gradually cooling down can be achieved by flushing the hatch tank 120 .

As shown in Figures 9 and 10: the steel structure support 131 is provided with a slot 131a for fixing the light-transmitting film, and the light-transmitting film is pressed into the slot 131a by an S-shaped bead 131b. This structure is very ingenious to fix the light-transmitting film on the steel support 131. The groove wall of the card slot 131a forms a bent structure from the notch to the groove, which is beneficial for the bead 131b to press the light-transmitting film and place it side by side. It is stuck in the slot 131a. The greenhouse is very convenient to build, and the structure is stable and firm.

A light bulb 140 is hoisted above the hatching tank 120 . When the fish fry are tamed after they come out of the film, the light bulb 140 is used to concentrate the fish fry in a small area by using the phototaxis of the fish fry, so that the bait can be fed intensively, which is beneficial to improve the taming effect.

The greenhouse is equipped with a temperature control system for measuring the water temperature in the hatching pool 120 , and the display panel 150 of the temperature control system is suspended above the hatching pool 120 . The temperature control system can control the temperature in the hatching tank and control the hatching of fertilized eggs. The display panel 150 is beneficial to the breeder to watch the temperature, and adjust the temperature of the hatching chamber accordingly in time.

The greenhouse is equipped with equipment for adding oxygen to the micropores in the hatching pond 120 . Microporous aeration equipment is conducive to the hatching of fertilized eggs; since fish fertilized eggs are generally produced on fish nests, microporous aeration equipment can increase the placement density of fish nests with fertilized eggs, which is conducive to improving the utilization rate of hatching pools.

The outside of the greenhouse body is covered with a sunshade net 133 . In sunny and high temperature weather, in order to prevent the hatching room temperature from being too high, the sunshade net can be pulled up to cool down; when the hatching room needs to be heated up, the sunshade net can be pulled away, which is very convenient to use.

The greenhouse body 130 is provided with windows 134 for user ventilation. At noon in sunny and hot weather, if the temperature in the greenhouse body 130 is too high, you can also open the front and rear windows 134 to ventilate and cool down.

Hatching water filtration system, as shown in Figures 11 and 12:

The hatching water filtration system includes a filtration unit 160, and a water stirring device is arranged beside the filter screen of the filtration unit 160. Generally speaking, when the water body passes through the filter screen in the filter unit 160, a large amount of sundries are easily attached to the screen surface, which is easy to cause the blockage of the mesh, and by setting the water body stirring device on the side of the filter screen, the stirring device will It has a certain stirring effect on the water body beside the filter screen, and the sundries in the water body will always be in a stirring state under the action of the stirring device, so when the water body passes through the screen screen, the sundries will not flow with the water body and adhere The mesh is clogged on the surface of the filter screen, even if the debris is attached to the mesh surface, the debris can be washed down by the action of the agitating device, which will not cause the problem of mesh clogging.

The stirring device is an impeller aerator 170 . The impeller type aerator 170 can also aerate the water while providing sufficient oxygen to the fish breeding water body, so that the toxic and harmful substances in the water body can be volatilized, the concentration of harmful substances can be reduced, and the water quality can be improved. The rotation of its impeller of the aerator 170 can also make the water body be in a state of agitation, prevent foreign matter in the water body from adhering to the mesh surface of the filter screen, and avoid the blockage of the filter screen mesh. The impeller type aerator 170 avoids the traditional manual brushing process and reduces the labor cost of farming.

The filter unit 160 includes a primary filter 161 , a secondary filter 162 , a tertiary filter 163 , and a fourth filter 164 which are sequentially intercepted along the flow direction of the water body. Here the primary filter 161 is mainly used to intercept larger fish, shrimps and sundries to prevent damage to the water pump, and its mesh should be the largest; the secondary filter 162 is mainly used to intercept zooplankton; the tertiary filter 163 It is mainly used to intercept small impurities in the water body, such as small miscellaneous fish and fish eggs; the four-stage filter 164 further filters the small impurities in the water body, and its mesh is the smallest, and finally ensures that the filtered water body meets the breeding requirements of perch.

The agitating device is located beside the third-stage filter screen 163 and/or the fourth-stage filter screen 164 . Since tiny impurities in the water body are more likely to cause blockage of the mesh, agitating devices are set on the side of the relatively smaller three-stage filter screen 163 and the fourth-stage filter screen 164, which can effectively avoid the three-stage filter screen 163, four-stage filter screen 164, etc. The meshes of the four-stage filter screen 164 are blocked by tiny impurities, which eliminates the manual brushing operation, saves manpower, and improves the filtration efficiency. Here the impeller type aerator 170 should not be set too far away from the filter screen, otherwise the effect of washing away the stolen goods cannot be reached.

The filter unit 160 also includes a water pump and a water suction pipe 165. The water pump pumps water from the reservoir 180 into the hatching tank 120 through the water suction pipe 165. The primary filter 161 and the secondary filter 162 are located at the water suction pipe 165 respectively. The water inlet and the water outlet; the three-stage filter screen 163 and the four-stage filter screen 164 are located in the hatch tank, and the impeller type aerator 170 is far away from the third-stage filter screen 163 in the four-stage filter screen 164 Arranged on one side. Here, the reservoir 180 is generally a river or a ditch, and the primary filter 161 is arranged in the river or the ditch at a distance from the front end of the suction pipe. The primary filter screen 161 passes through the effect of the water pump, and the water body to be filtered in the reservoir 180 is filtered through the primary filter screen 161 successively, enters the water suction pipe 165, and the secondary filter screen 162 filters and enters the hatching tank. 1, the four-stage filter screen 164 is located in the hatching pond, so the hatching pond is divided into two parts of the area, the water body of the above-mentioned filtering process flows through the three-stage filter screen 163 and the four-stage filter screen 164 from the hatching pool side area to obtain re-filtering treatment, and finally Makes the water flowing into the other side of the hatchery tank available for fish reproduction. At the same time, the impeller type aerator 170 can be arranged on the side away from the third stage filter screen 163 in the four-stage filter screen 164 to achieve the purpose of avoiding debris from blocking the mesh. If the water flow rate is slow, the impeller type aerator 170 here You can choose one with less power. The water pump used for pumping water is generally a 3kw one, and the specification and quantity of the water pump can be determined according to the water consumption. Here, when the water storage tank 180 is built, the position of the water outlet should be higher than that of the hatching tank 120, so as to ensure that water can automatically flow to the hatching tank 120, and at the same time, the size of the water flow is controlled by a valve.

The pore size of the secondary filter 162 is 100-180 mesh, the secondary filter 162 is a mesh bag structure, and the mesh bag mouth is sleeved on the water outlet of the suction pipe 165 . That is, the water outlet of the suction pipe 165 is covered with a net bag that intercepts zooplankton to form a secondary filter screen 162, and the net bag generally has a length of 5 meters. The mesh of the net bag is generally between 100-180 mesh, and the mesh should not be too dense. If it is too dense, the net bag will be filled with zooplankton soon due to the fast water inflow. Therefore, the choice of mesh size plays a key role in the normal and orderly filtration.

Preferably, the pore size of the third-stage filter 163 is 180 mesh, and the pore size of the fourth-stage filter 164 is 200 mesh. The selection of the mesh size here is mainly to further purify the water quality, so as to obtain the water quality that satisfies the breeding use.

The three-stage filter screen 163 and the four-stage filter screen 164 are all fixed on corresponding supports, and the support for fixing the three-stage filter screen 163 is fixedly connected with the support for fixing the four-stage filter screen 164, and is used for fixing The support of the four-stage filter screen 164 is also fixedly connected with the bracket arranged on the side of the four-stage filter screen 164 away from the three-stage filter screen 163 . Brackets and brackets can be made of steel frame structure. The brackets and brackets can make the filter screen be well fixed and supported in the hatching tank, so that the filter screen is not easy to be washed down or washed away by the water flow, and the structure is stable, which is beneficial to the filtration of hatching water. normal operation.

The length of the three-stage filter screen 163 and the four-stage filter screen 164 is 10-60 meters. The three-stage filter screen 163 and the four-stage filter screen 164 are very long, generally the length of a side of the hatching tank 120, and the use is generally 50-60 meters at most, and some adjustments can also be made according to the size of the hatching tank. The traditional filter screen is very short, the short one is less than 1 meter, and the long one is only a few meters. Due to the large water consumption during the breeding period, the short filter screen will accumulate more dirt per unit area due to the large water flow, and the filter screen will soon be blocked. , it is difficult to provide a large amount of breeding water in time. However, the length of the filter screen designed by the present invention is longer. When the same water consumption is used, the water flow per unit area is small, and the accumulated dirt is less, which is difficult to block. The water waves and spray can clean the stolen goods very well, which saves manpower, and at the same time can ensure sufficient breeding water.

There are several impeller-type aerators 170 arranged sequentially along the arrangement direction of the four-stage filter screens 164 . According to the size of the hatching tank and the filter screen, the number of impeller aerators 170 can be selected to achieve the purpose of filtering the water body and avoiding clogging.

The water outlet structure of the hatching tank is shown in Figure 13:

The water outlet structure of the hatching tank includes a vertical pipe segment 123a located in the hatching tank 120 and vertically arranged to the bottom of the hatching tank, and a metal mesh pipe 123c is sheathed and connected to the top of the vertical pipe segment 123a. The metal mesh pipe 123c here is a tube-shaped component made of metal mesh. In the process of flushing and flowing water, the water flow enters the hatching from the water injection pipe 122 upstream of the hatching pool 120, and then is discharged from the water outlet structure 123 downstream of the hatching pool. When changing the water, ensure that the water level in the hatching pool is higher than the vertical pipe section 123a and lower than The metal mesh pipe 123c has a simple water outlet structure. As an escape prevention device, the metal mesh pipe 123c can not only ensure a large amount of water, but also effectively block fish fry, and the water change process can be carried out quickly. Wherein the mesh size of metal mesh pipe 123c can be different according to different fishes, and the smallest mesh should ensure that fry will not flow out or be stuck.

Wherein, the pipe wall of the metal mesh pipe 123c is covered outside the pipe wall of the vertical pipe section 123a, and the metal mesh pipe 123c and the vertical pipe section 123a are fixed by a clamp. Easy to install, disassemble and wash.

A more specific solution is: the system also includes an active pipe section 123b located outside the hatching tank and communicated with the vertical pipe section 123a, the angle between the axial direction of the active pipe section 123b and the horizontal plane can be adjusted, and the water level in the active pipe section 123b The maximum vertical height is lower than the sum of the heights of the vertical pipe section 123a and the metal mesh pipe 123c. The height of the metal mesh pipe 123c determines the variation range of the water level in the hatching tank. The height of the general mesh is about 15cm, which can also be adjusted according to actual needs. The height of the metal mesh pipe 123c matches the height of the movable pipe section 123b outside the hatching tank. The maximum vertical height of the water level in the movable pipe section 123b outside the hatching pond 120 should be lower than the height of the vertical pipe section 123a plus the metal mesh pipe 123c, otherwise the water level in the hatching pond will be higher than the metal mesh pipe. The height of net pipe 123c, fry can directly flow out from the top of metal net pipe 123c. The movable pipe section 123b outside the hatching tank 120 can move, that is, the water level in the hatching tank can be adjusted by adjusting the angle between the movable pipe section 123b and the horizontal plane.

The metal mesh pipe 123c is made of stainless steel. This can ensure that the metal mesh pipe 123c will not rust due to long-term contact with water, prolonging the service life.

The vertical pipe section 123a communicates with the movable pipe section 123b through the horizontal pipe section 123d that runs through the hatching pond wall, and the movable pipe section 123b communicates with the horizontal pipe section 123d through the first right-angle pipe joint 123e, and the first right-angle pipe joint 123e rotates axially around the horizontal pipe section 123d and drives the movable pipe section 123b to rotate. That is, the movable pipe section 123b outside the hatching tank can rotate around the axial rotation of the horizontal pipe section 123d through the first right-angle pipe joint 123e. When the movable pipe section 123b is in an inclined state, the water level in the hatching pond can be adjusted.

The vertical pipe section 123a communicates with the horizontal pipe section 123d through a second right-angle pipe joint 123f. When the metal mesh pipe 123c is very dirty and needs to be cleaned or replaced, such a structure is convenient to take out the vertical pipe section 123a and the metal mesh pipe 123c connected with it, and simultaneously controls the inclination angle of the movable pipe section 123b outside the hatching tank. It will flow out and the fry will not escape.

Claims (10)

1. A method for early propagation of largemouth bass, comprising the following operations: a, Early cultivation: before September, select 1 age and/or 2 age perch as parents, and breed 1000-1300 groups of parents of 0.5-0.7kg per mu in the cultivation pond; feed extruded feed every day, and the cultivation pond An extruded feed concentration device is placed in the center; b. Intensive cultivation: From September to November, change the extruded feed to ice fresh fish to feed the broodstock. When the outdoor temperature is lower than 15°C, select healthy, healthy, non-injured and disease-free parents to put in light-transmitting Intensive cultivation is carried out in the thermal insulation greenhouse, and the stocking density of the parents: 200-230 tails of male fish and 240-260 tails of female fish are stocked per mu; microporous aeration equipment is installed in the transparent thermal insulation greenhouse, and every evening to the second On the morning of the next day, turn on the microporous oxygenation equipment; from late February to early March, flush the spawning pool in the light-transmitting thermal insulation greenhouse to promote the gonad development of broodstock; , secure artificial fish nests around the spawning pond to collect fish fertilized eggs; c, hatching: including building a hatching greenhouse, putting the artificial fish nest attached with fertilized eggs into the hatching pool (120) in the hatching greenhouse, and supporting the establishment of a temperature control system in the hatching greenhouse to control the water temperature of the hatching pool at 23-28 ℃. 2. The early propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the operation a, between June and September, the extruded feed is fed twice a day at 10:00 am and 4:00 pm respectively. Feed. 3. The early multiplication method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the described operation b, parent is put into light-transmitting heat preservation booth and strengthens cultivation and continues to feed fresh and live bait regularly while continuing to feed with chilled fish; During the intensive cultivation period, the water quality of the spawning pond is adjusted by using basilisk or bacillus, and when the water quality is still not up to standard, the water is changed; at noon when the temperature is high, the light-transmitting and heat-retaining greenhouse is opened for ventilation. 4. The early breeding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the operation c, a matching water filtration system for hatching is set up in the upstream of the hatching pool, and a water outlet structure is set up in the downstream of the hatching pool. 5. The early propagation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extruded feed concentration device in the operation a includes a ring body (10) that can enclose the extruded feed floating on the water surface, and the ring body ( 10) comprising several floating units (11), the floating units (11) are arranged in sequence along the periphery of the ring body (10), and the ring body (10) also includes a channel (12) for accommodating the floating units (11), The floating unit (11) is sequentially arranged in the channel (12) and encloses to form a ring body (10); the floating unit (11) is a plastic bottle body, and the plastic bottle body is axially aligned with the plastic bottle body. The length direction of the channel (12) is the same; the channel (12) is formed by sewing the floating unit (11) wrapped with mesh cloth; the feed concentration device also includes a fixed pile (20), and the fixed pile (20) passes through the fixed rope (30) It is connected with the ring body (10), and there are four fixed piles (20), and the ring body (10) presents a square structure through the tightening of the fixed rope (30) connected with the four fixed piles (20). The mesh aperture of the mesh cloth is smaller than the particle diameter of the extruded feed. 6. The early multiplication method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light-transmitting and heat-retaining greenhouse comprises a steel structure support (50) positioned above the spawning pond (40) in the described operation b, and the steel structure support (50) ) is covered with a shed body (60) made of light-transmitting film; the steel support (50) includes a first beam (51), an oblique support rod (53), and the first beam (51) Supported by several uprights (54) erected in the spawning pond (40), the uprights (54) are evenly arranged along the length direction of the first crossbeam (51), and one end of the oblique support rod (53) is connected to the first crossbeam (51) are connected vertically, and the other end is supported on the ground around the spawning pool (40), and above the first crossbeam (51) there are several parallel steel wire ropes ( 55), the steel wire rope (55) is perpendicular to the length direction of the first crossbeam (51), and the two ends of the steel wire rope (55) are respectively fixed on the cement foundation near the spawning pond (40) periphery; the steel wire rope (55) and the light-transmitting film are also provided with a nylon mesh (56) covered on the steel wire rope (55); The second crossbeam (52) on some columns (54), the described second crossbeam (52) is provided with the aeration pipe (70) that is arranged in parallel with the second crossbeam (52), and described aeration pipe ( 70) is connected with some oxygen hoses (71) leading into the spawning pond (40); the light-transmitting film positioned at the two ends of the first beam (51) constitutes the front and rear ends of the shed body (60), so The front and rear ends of the shed body (60) are provided with doors and windows (61) for ventilation in the shed; the upstream of the spawning pond (40) of the shed is provided with water inlet equipment that sends water to the spawning pond to lay eggs. A water outlet is provided downstream of the pool (40); and a sunshade net is provided outside the shed body (60). 7. early multiplication method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in the described operation b, artificial fish nest comprises the laying layer (80) that is made by plant leaf stacking together, and described laying layer (80) ) is provided with a fixed frame (90) for fixing the plant blades together, the periphery of the egg layer (80) is turned over and wraps the frame limit of the fixed frame (90), and the egg layer (80) is turned over The last overlapping part is provided with the suture line (100) that the plant leaf of overlapping part is sewed together; Described fixed frame (90) is stainless steel material; Described fixed frame (90) is a square frame, and side length is 25-100cm The fish nest also includes a pulling part (110) connected to the fixed frame (90); the pulling part (110) is a nylon rope; and the plant leaves are palm leaves. 8. The early breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hatching greenhouse comprises the hatching pond (120), and is supported by a steel structure (131) above the hatching pond (120), covered on the steel structure The greenhouse body (130) composed of the light-transmitting film (132) on the outside of the support (131); the hatching tank (120) includes a number of hatching units (121) isolated from each other; the steel support (131) is provided with There is a card slot (131a) for fixing the light-transmitting film, and the light-transmitting film is pressed into the card slot (131a) through an S-shaped bead (131b); a light bulb (140) is hoisted above the hatching tank (120). ), the display panel (150) of the temperature control system is suspended above the hatching pool (120); the greenhouse is equipped with equipment for increasing micropore oxygen in the hatching pool (120); the greenhouse body (130) is covered with a sunshade net (133); the greenhouse body (130) is provided with a window (134) for user ventilation. 9. The early multiplication method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the hatching water filtration system comprises a filter unit (160), and the filter unit (160) comprises a filter screen which is successively intercepted along the water flow direction The primary filter screen (161), the secondary filter screen (162), the tertiary filter screen (163), and the fourth-stage filter screen (164) whose apertures gradually decrease are located at the third-stage filter screen (163) and/or the fourth-stage filter screen The side of filter screen (164) is provided with water body agitation device, and described agitation device is impeller type aerator (170); Described filter unit (160) also comprises water pump, suction pipe (165), and described water pump The water body is pumped into the hatch tank (120) from the reservoir (180) through the water pump (165), and the first-stage filter (161) and the second-stage filter (162) are respectively located at the inlet of the water pump (165). At the water outlet and the water outlet; the three-stage filter screen (163) and the four-stage filter screen (164) are located in the hatching tank (120), and the described impeller type aerator (170) is located in the four-stage filter screen (164) ) is arranged away from the side of the third-stage filter screen (163); the aperture of the secondary filter screen (162) is 100-180 mesh, and the secondary filter screen (162) is a net bag structure, and the net bag mouth cover Be located at the water outlet of the suction pipe (165); the aperture of the three-stage filter (163) is 180 mesh, and the aperture of the fourth-stage filter (164) is 200 mesh; the three-stage filter (163) and the four-stage filter (163) The level filter screen (164) is all fixed on the corresponding support, and the support for fixing the three-level filter screen (163) is fixedly connected with the support for fixing the four-level filter screen (164), and is used for fixing the four-stage filter screen The support of (164) is also fixedly connected with the bracket that is arranged on four-stage filter screen (164) away from three-stage filter screen (163) one side; Described three-stage filter screen (163), four-stage filter screen (164) The length is 10-60 meters; there are several impeller type aerators (170), which are arranged sequentially along the arrangement direction of the four-stage filter screen (164). 10. The early breeding method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the water outlet structure includes a vertical pipe section (123a) arranged vertically in the hatching pond and bottom of the hatching pond, and the top of the vertical pipe section (123a) The metal mesh pipe (123c) is sleeved and connected; the pipe wall of the metal mesh pipe (123c) is set on the outside of the pipe wall of the vertical pipe section (123a), and the metal mesh pipe (123c) and the vertical pipe section (123a) are fixed by a clamp The water outlet structure also includes a movable pipe section (123b) connected to the vertical pipe section (123a) outside the hatching tank, the angle between the axial direction and the horizontal plane of the movable pipe section (123b) can be adjusted, and the movable pipe section The maximum vertical height of the water level in (123b) is lower than the sum of the height of the vertical pipe section (123a) and the metal mesh pipe (123c); the metal mesh pipe (123c) is made of stainless steel; the vertical pipe section (123a) and the movable pipe section (123b) are communicated through the horizontal pipe section (123d) that runs through the hatching pool wall, and the movable pipe section (123b) communicates with the horizontal pipe section (123d) through the first right-angle pipe joint (123e), and the first right-angle The pipe joint (123e) rotates axially around the horizontal pipe section (123d) and drives the movable pipe section (123b) to rotate; the vertical pipe section (123a) communicates with the horizontal pipe section (123d) through the second right-angle pipe joint (123f).