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CN105392753A - 由玻璃或浮石制备的膨胀轻质骨料 - Google Patents

由玻璃或浮石制备的膨胀轻质骨料 Download PDF

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CN105392753A
CN105392753A CN201480023598.4A CN201480023598A CN105392753A CN 105392753 A CN105392753 A CN 105392753A CN 201480023598 A CN201480023598 A CN 201480023598A CN 105392753 A CN105392753 A CN 105392753A
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aglite
slurry
glass
expand
float stone
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埃文·R·丹尼尔斯
P·J·安德森
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Abstract

一种膨胀轻质骨料，其组成范围(Wt.％范围)为约：(a)浆料的40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石、40至60％的水、3至15％的硅酸钠和0.1至5％的NaNO3；和(b)制粒机的50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石和15至50％的浆料。

Description

由玻璃或浮石制备的膨胀轻质骨料
发明领域
总的来说，本发明涉及骨料材料，更具体地涉及由玻璃或浮石制备的膨胀轻质骨料材料。
背景技术
轻质骨料材料具有许多用途。
发明概述
本发明提供了具有大约如下的组成范围(Wt.％范围)的膨胀轻质骨料：(a)浆料的40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石、40至60％的水、3至15％的硅酸钠和0.1至5％的NaNO3；和(b)制粒机的50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石和15至50％的浆料。
本发明还提供了通过以下步骤由玻璃或浮石制备膨胀轻质骨料的方法：(1)将以重量百分比计约40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石与以重量百分比计约40至60％的水混合以产生浆料；(2)向所述浆料加入以重量百分比计约3至15％的硅酸钠；(3)向所述浆料加入约0.1至5％的NaNO3；(4)通过将以重量百分比计约50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石与以重量百分比计约15至50％的所述浆料进料在制粒机中形成骨料；(5)将形成的骨料干燥；(6)将干燥的骨料与细磨的高岭土一起加热至约800至1400摄氏度的温度；和(7)将加热的骨料冷却。
附图的简要说明
为了更完整地理解本发明的特征和优点，现参照本发明的详细描述以及附图，其中：
不适用。
发明详述
尽管下文详细讨论了本发明的不同实施方案的形成和使用，但是应当理解的是，本发明提供了许多可以体现在多个上下文中的可应用的发明构思。在本文中讨论的具体实施方案仅仅是对形成及使用本发明的具体方式的说明，并不限制本发明的范围。
为了便于理解本发明，下文定义了多个术语。本文定义的术语具有本发明相关领域的普通技术人员通常所理解的含义。术语如“一个(a)”，“一个(an)”及“该(the)”不是仅指单个的实体，而是包括可以以其具体实例来说明的大类。本文的术语用于描述本发明的具体实施方案，然而其使用除了在权利要求中所概括的之外不限制本发明。
轻质膨胀的玻璃或浮石骨料可以如下制备：
1)在球磨机中研磨玻璃或浮石以产生主要为小于约100微米的磨碎的材料。
2)将磨碎的材料与约45-50％的水混合以产生浆料。
3)向浆料加入约6-7％的硅酸钠(取代率为2.5)。
4)向浆料加入约1％的硝酸钠(NaNO3)。其随后充当发泡剂。
5)通过向2.5份磨碎的玻璃或浮石进料约1份混合的浆料在常规制粒机中生产骨料。通过改变浆料中水的量和磨碎的玻璃或浮石与浆料的比率，可以调整骨料尺寸以设置最大的最终骨料尺寸。
6)随后，在常规旋转干燥器中干燥形成的骨料。
7)随后，将干燥的骨料与约30％细磨的高岭土一起进料至回转窑中，在所述回转窑中，在约800-1400摄氏度之间对其加热，在这个过程中，颗粒膨胀到其直径为约0-8mm的最终尺寸，并形成轻质膨胀的骨料。
8)一经离开回转窑，作为最后的步骤，将骨料冷却，然后将骨料筛分成不同的最终使用尺寸范围，如0-2mm、2-4mm和4-8mm。
9)供选择地，可以在制粒机之后形成更精细的骨料，将所述更精细的骨料直接进料至急骤干燥机，所述急骤干燥机将材料加热至约800摄氏度以上并产生尺寸为约0-1mm的膨胀的骨料。
最终的轻质膨胀的玻璃或浮石骨料的直径为约0-8mm，体积密度为约0.10-0.50g/cm3，有效密度为约0.10-0.8g/cm3。进一步地，骨料的抗压强度为约0.5-5MPa，并且是非常好的热绝缘体，其热导率为约0.04-0.15W/mK。
在本发明的一个实施方案中，膨胀的轻质玻璃或浮石骨料的组成范围可以为：
对浆料而言，磨碎的玻璃或浮石按重量计可以为约40％、41％、42％、43％、44％、45％、46％、47％、48％、49％、50％、51％、52％、53％、54％、55％、56％、57％、58％、59％或60％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，水按重量计可以为约40％、41％、42％、43％、44％、45％、46％、47％、48％、49％、50％、51％、52％、53％、54％、55％、56％、57％、58％、59％或60％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，硅酸钠按重量计可以为约3％、4％、5％、6％、7％、8％、9％、10％、11％、12％、13％、14％或15％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，NaNO3按重量计可以为约0.1％、0.2％、0.3％、0.4、0.5％、0.6％、0.7％、0.8％、0.9％、1％、2％、3％、4％或5％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对制粒机而言，磨碎的玻璃或浮石按重量计可以为约50％、51％、52％、53％、54％、55％、56％、57％、58％、59％、60％、61％、62％、63％、64％、65％、66％、67％、68％、69％、70％、71％、72％、73％、74％、75％、76％、77％、78％、79％、80％、81％、82％、83％、84％或85％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对制粒机而言，浆料按重量计可以为约15％、16％、17％、18％、19％、20％、21％、22％、23％、24％、25％、26％、27％、28％、29％、30％、31％、32％、33％、34％、35％、36％、37％、38％、39％、40％、41％、42％、43％、44％、45％、46％、47％、48％、49％或50％或中间的其它增量百分比。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中，膨胀的轻质玻璃或浮石骨料的组成范围可以为：
对浆料而言，磨碎的玻璃或浮石按重量计可以为约40％、41％、42％、43％、44％、45％、46％、47％、48％、49％、50％、51％、52％、53％、54％、55％、56％、57％、58％、59％或60％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，水按重量计可以为约45％、46％、47％、48％、49％或50％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，硅酸钠按重量计可以为约6.0％、6.1％、6.2％、6.3％、6.4％、6.5％、6.6％、6.7％、6.8％、6.9％或7.0％或中间的其它增量百分比。
对浆料而言，NaNO3按重量计可以为约0.9％、1.0％或1.1％或中间的其它增量百分比。
可以理解的是，本文所述的具体实施方案是通过举例说明来显示的，而不是作为对本发明的限制。本发明的主要特征可以在不脱离本发明范围的情况下用于各种实施方案中。本领域技术人员将认识到，或者仅仅利用常规的实验就能够确定本文所述的具体过程的许多等同物。这样的等同物被认为是在本发明的范围内，且被权利要求所涵盖。
本说明书中提到的所有出版物、专利和专利申请表明了本发明所属领域的技术人员的水平。所有的出版物、专利和专利申请均引入本文作为参考，其程度如同具体并独立地指明各个单一的出版物、专利或专利申请被引入作为参考。
当与权利要求和/或说明书中的术语“包含(comprising)”结合使用时，词语“一种(a)”或“一种(an)”可以指“一种”，但其也与“一种或多种”、“至少一种”和“一种或多于一种”的意思相一致。在权利要求中使用术语“或者”用于指“和/或”，除非明确指明仅仅是指供选择物，或供选择物为相互排斥的，尽管公开内容支持仅仅指供选择物及“和/或”的定义。在整个本申请中，术语“约”用来说明这样的值，其包括用来测定所述值的装置和方法的误差的固有变化，或者研究受试者之间存在的变化。
如在本说明书和权利要求(或多个权利要求)中所使用的，词语“包含(comprising)”(以及任何形式的“包含”，如“包含(comprise)和包含(comprises)”)，“具有(having)”(以及任何形式的“具有”，如“具有(have)”和“具有(has)”)，“包括(including)”(以及任何形式的“包括”，如“包括(includes)”和“包括(include)”)或“含有(containing)”(以及任何形式的“含有”，如“含有(contains)”和“含有(contain)”)是包括的或开放式的，且不排除另外的、未述及的要素或方法步骤。
本文所使用的术语“或其组合”是指在该术语之前所列举项目的全部排列和组合。例如，“A、B、C或其组合”意在包括A、B、C、AB、AC、BC或ABC中的至少一种，并且如果在特定的上下文中顺序是重要的，那么还包括BA、CA、CB、CBA、BCA、ACB、BAC或CAB。继续这个例子，明确包括的是包含一种或多种项目或术语的重复的组合，如BB、AAA、AB、BBC、AAABCCCC、CBBAAA、CABABB等等。本领域技术人员将理解的是，通常对任何组合中的项目或术语的数目没有限制，除非另外根据上下文是明显的。
根据本发明的公开内容，不要过度的实验就可以形成和实施本文所公开和要求保护的全部组合物和/或方法。尽管已经以优选的实施方案描述了本发明的组合物和方法，但是对于本领域技术人员来说明显的是，在不脱离本发明的构思、精神和范围的情况下，可以对本文所述的组合物和/或方法以及方法的步骤或方法的步骤的顺序进行改变。对本领域技术人员而言明显的是，所有这样相似的取代和修饰被认为是在所附的权利要求所限定的本发明的精神、范围和构思内。

Claims (26)

1.一种由混合物形成的膨胀轻质骨料，其包含：
以浆料的重量百分比计，约40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石；
以所述浆料的重量百分比计，约40至60％的水；
以所述浆料的重量百分比计，约3至15％的硅酸钠；
所述浆料的约0.1至5％的NaNO3；
以制粒机的重量百分比计，约50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石；和
以所述制粒机的重量百分比计，约15至50％的浆料。
2.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以所述浆料的重量百分比计，所述水为约45至50％。
3.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以重量百分比计，所述硅酸钠为约6至7％。
4.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以重量百分比计，所述NaNO3为约0.9至1.1％。
5.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述制粒机具有约1份浆料比约2.5份磨碎的玻璃或浮石的比率。
6.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有0-8mm的直径，约0.10至0.5g/cm3的体积密度，约0.10至0.8g/cm3的有效密度，约0.5MPa至5MPa的抗压强度和约0.04至0.15W/mK的热导率。
7.如权利要求1所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有包含约0-1mm、1-2mm、2-4mm、4-8mm或其组合的粒径。
8.一种由混合物形成的膨胀轻质骨料，其主要由以下组成：
以浆料的重量百分比计，约40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石；
以所述浆料的重量百分比计，约40至60％的水；
以所述浆料的重量百分比计，约3至15％的硅酸钠；
所述浆料的约0.1至5％的NaNO3；
以制粒机的重量百分比计，约50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石；和
以所述制粒机的重量百分比计，约15至50％的浆料。
9.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以所述浆料的重量百分比计，所述水为约45至50％。
10.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以重量百分比计，所述硅酸钠为约6至7％。
11.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，其中以重量百分比计，所述NaNO3为约0.9至1.1％。
12.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述制粒机具有约1份浆料比约2.5份磨碎的玻璃或浮石的比率。
13.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有0-8mm的直径，约0.10至0.5g/cm3的体积密度，约0.10至0.8g/cm3的有效密度，约0.5MPa至5MPa的抗压强度和约0.04至0.15W/mK的热导率。
14.如权利要求8所述的膨胀轻质骨料，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有包含约0-1mm、1-2mm、2-4mm、4-8mm或其组合的粒径。
15.一种用于制备膨胀轻质骨料的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
将以重量百分比计约40至60％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石与以重量百分比计约40至60％的水混合以产生浆料；
向所述浆料加入以重量百分比计约3至15％的硅酸钠；
向所述浆料加入约0.1至5％的NaNO3；
通过将以重量百分比计约50至85％的磨碎的玻璃或浮石与以重量百分比计约15至50％的所述浆料进料在制粒机中形成骨料；
将形成的骨料干燥；
将干燥的骨料与细磨的高岭土一起加热至约800至1400摄氏度的温度；
将加热的骨料冷却。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中以重量百分比计，所述水为约45至50％以产生浆料。
17.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中以重量百分比计，所述硅酸钠为约6至7％。
18.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中以重量百分比计，所述NaNO3为约0.9至1.1％。
19.如权利要求15所述的方法，其中以重量百分比计，所述细磨的高岭土为约30％。
20.如权利要求15所述的方法，所述制粒机具有1份浆料比约2.5份磨碎的玻璃或浮石的比率。
21.如权利要求15所述的方法，其还包括在球磨机中研磨玻璃或浮石以产生所述磨碎的玻璃或浮石的步骤。
22.如权利要求15所述的方法，所述磨碎的玻璃或浮石具有主要为小于约100微米的直径。
23.如权利要求15所述的方法，还包括将冷却的骨料分成一种或多种不同的最终使用尺寸范围的步骤。
24.如权利要求15所述的方法，还包括将具有更小尺寸的形成的骨料直接进料至急骤干燥机的步骤，所述急骤干燥机将形成的骨料加热至约800摄氏度以上以产生尺寸为约0-1mm的骨料。
25.如权利要求15所述的方法，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有0-8mm的直径，约0.10至0.5g/cm3的体积密度，约0.10至0.8g/cm3的有效密度，约0.5MPa至5MPa的抗压强度和约0.04至0.15W/mK的热导率。
26.如权利要求15所述的方法，所述膨胀轻质骨料具有包含约0-1mm、1-2mm、2-4mm、4-8mm或其组合的粒径。
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