CN105391145A - Electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guiding and control system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system and method, comprising a non-contact charging device, a non-contact charging positioning device and a charging monitoring background, the charging monitoring background is connected with the electric vehicle and the non-contact charging device respectively. The contact charging device communicates. The non-contact charging device includes a vehicle power receiving device and a ground power transmitting device. The ground power transmitting device transmits charging power and transmits it to the vehicle power receiving device. The vehicle power receiving device will receive the non-contact The non-contact charging positioning device is provided with a ground power transmitting device; the present invention performs rough positioning and charging precise positioning of the charging vehicle according to the vehicle charging guide device and the visual precise positioning device, Provides the basis for efficient contactless charging.

Description

An electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system and method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, in particular to a non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system and method for electric vehicles.

Background technique

Under the influence of the dual factors of energy crisis and air pollution, the development and popularization of electric vehicles are vigorously advocated all over the world. With the support of new energy policies in my country, the demand for electric vehicles has grown rapidly, and the construction of charging and swapping facilities has also developed rapidly. Contactless The charging device does not need to connect the vehicle to the power supply system with a power plug, socket, cable, etc., and can directly charge it quickly. In addition, non-contact fast charging can be arranged in various places such as parking lots, residences, and roadsides, making it possible to charge electric vehicles anytime and anywhere. However, the non-contact charging device also has certain limitations, including short power transmission distance and low charging efficiency. The charging efficiency is especially affected by the transmission distance and positioning accuracy. efficiency will be greatly reduced.

Compared with the laboratory environment, the charging efficiency of non-contact charging equipment in practical applications has dropped significantly. The reason is that there is currently a lack of reasonable automatic guidance and charging control methods for non-contact charging of electric vehicles, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the non-contact charging equipment. The maximum efficiency of the contact charging device not only causes a huge waste of energy, but also affects the charging time.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention discloses a non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system and method for electric vehicles. The best working condition of the contact charging device improves the charging efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the specific scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system, including a non-contact charging device, a non-contact charging positioning device and a charging monitoring background, the charging monitoring background communicates with the electric vehicle and the non-contact charging device respectively The non-contact charging device includes a vehicle-mounted power receiving device and a ground power transmitting device, the ground power transmitting device transmits charging power and transmits it to the vehicle-mounted power receiving device, and the vehicle-mounted power receiving device transmits the received non-contact charging power to the electric motor The vehicle power battery, the non-contact charging positioning device is provided with a ground electric energy transmitting device;

The charging monitoring background adjusts the ground power transmitting device in real time according to the non-contact charging efficiency of the electric vehicle, and positions the ground power transmitting device and the on-board power receiving device to adjust the non-contact charging efficiency.

The ground power transmission device includes a power transmission circuit, a transmission coil and a first main control unit, the main control unit is connected to the power transmission circuit, and the power transmission circuit converts the AC power of the power grid and transmits it to the transmission coil;

The vehicle-mounted power receiving device includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit, a receiving coil, and a second main control unit. The receiving coil receives the power signal transmitted by the transmitting coil, and the power signal is rectified by the high-frequency rectifier circuit and then sent to the second main control unit. control unit.

Preferably, the ground power transmitting device is placed on the ground to transmit charging power.

Preferably, the vehicle-mounted power receiving device is connected to the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle to receive non-contact charging power.

The ground power transmission device also includes a first protection circuit and a first wireless communication unit, the first wireless communication unit is connected to the first main control unit, and the first protection circuit is arranged on the first main control unit and the power transmission unit. between circuits. The first protection circuit protects the signal transmission between the first main control unit and the power transmission circuit. The first wireless communication unit is used for communicating with the monitoring system of the non-contact charging.

Further, the power transmission circuit includes a first filter circuit, a first rectifier circuit and a high-frequency inverter circuit connected in sequence. The power transmission circuit sequentially performs filtering, rectification and high-frequency inverter processing on the electric energy of the grid to obtain AC electric energy suitable for the wireless transmission frequency band.

The vehicle-mounted power receiving device also includes a second protection circuit and a second wireless communication unit, the second wireless communication unit is connected to the second main control unit, and the second protection circuit is arranged on the second main control unit and the high-frequency Between the rectification circuits, the second protection circuit protects the signal transmission between the second main control unit and the high-frequency rectification circuit. The second wireless communication unit is also used for communicating with the monitoring system of the non-contact charging.

Further, the high-frequency rectification circuit includes a second rectification circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a second filter circuit connected in sequence, and the high-frequency rectification circuit rectifies, stabilizes and filters the received electric energy signal, and the processed electric energy output to the battery for charging.

The above-mentioned non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles, further, the non-contact charging positioning device includes a visual precise positioning device and a charging platform; the visual precise positioning device includes a visual positioning device, a horizontal translation step Entering motor, vertical translation stepping motor, lifting stepping motor and PLC controller;

The PLC controller is respectively connected with the horizontal translation stepping motor, the longitudinal translation stepping motor, the lifting stepping motor, the visual positioning device and the charging monitoring background; the PLC controller, the horizontal translation stepping motor, and the longitudinal translation stepping motor 1. The lifting stepper motor is installed on the charging platform. After receiving the charging positioning command from the charging monitoring background, the PLC drives the stepping motor to perform charging positioning.

The charging platform is connected with the ground electric energy transmitting device through balls, so that the ground electric energy transmitting device can move on the charging platform.

Further, the visual positioning device includes a visual positioning sensor and a target point of the visual positioning sensor, the visual positioning sensor is connected to the ground power transmitting device, and is located at the center of the ground power transmitting device; the visual positioning sensor target is connected to the vehicle-mounted power receiving device, It is located in the center of the on-board power receiving device.

Further, the non-contact charging positioning device also includes a vehicle charging guide device, the vehicle charging guide device includes a wheel V-shaped groove and a vehicle guide rubber block, installed on the ground, and used for rough positioning of the vehicle to facilitate parking. The success rate of precise positioning.

The electric vehicle power battery communicates with the vehicle-mounted terminal. The vehicle-mounted terminal is used to monitor the state of the electric vehicle itself in real time and obtain battery status data. The vehicle-mounted terminal transmits the monitored data to the charging monitoring background through the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module.

The charging monitoring background is connected to the ground power transmitting device, and the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal; the charging monitoring background communicates with the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module through wireless communication to obtain electric vehicle and electric battery data.

The wireless communication mode between the charging monitoring background and the vehicle wireless communication module includes but not limited to Wifi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee area wireless communication modes.

The method based on the above-mentioned non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles comprises the following steps:

Step 1: The electric vehicle parks the vehicle at the non-contact charging station according to the non-contact charging guide device;

Step 2: The electric vehicle establishes the wireless communication connection relationship between the electric vehicle and the non-contact charging device and the charging monitoring background according to the number of the non-contact charging parking space parked;

Step 3: The charging monitoring background sends a charging positioning command to the ground power transmitting device of the non-contact charging device, and the PLC controller controls the horizontal and vertical positions of the ground power transmitting device on the charging platform through the horizontal translation stepping motor and the vertical translation stepping motor Move until the visual positioning sensor on the ground power transmitting device and the visual positioning sensor target on the vehicle-mounted power receiving device establish a recognition correspondence, and the charging positioning is completed;

Step 4: The charging monitoring background obtains the battery status information of the electric vehicle through wireless communication, and starts non-contact charging;

Step 5: During the charging process, the charging monitoring background detects the non-contact charging device, the state of the electric vehicle and the state data of the power battery of the electric vehicle in real time, and calculates the non-contact charging through the input power of the ground power transmitting device and the output power of the on-board power receiving device. formula charging efficiency, if the charging efficiency is greater than the set efficiency minimum value, then continue charging until step seven, otherwise, go to step six;

Step 6: Re-calibrate the positioning sensor, and adjust the vertical movement of the ground power transmitter by adjusting the vertical translation stepper motor to change the efficiency of non-contact charging until the charging efficiency is greater than the set minimum efficiency value;

Step 7: Keep charging until charging is complete.

In step 1, the vehicle drives into the charging station along the vehicle guiding rubber blocks on both sides of the charging station, and the wheels are dropped into the V-shaped grooves of the wheels for rough positioning of the vehicle.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The present invention performs rough positioning and precise charging positioning of the charging vehicle based on the vehicle charging guide device and the visual precise positioning device, providing a basis for efficient non-contact charging.

2. The present invention automatically starts and stops charging through the operating status of the electric vehicle, power battery and off-vehicle charging device, and dynamically adjusts the position of the off-vehicle charging device according to the change of charging efficiency during the charging process, thereby realizing the improvement of charging efficiency. Automatic optimization improves charging efficiency.

3. The present invention is applicable to the chassis-type non-contact charging mode, and can be widely used in parking spaces, three-dimensional garages, parking lots, etc., with a wide range of applications, and plays a role in promoting the promotion of non-contact charging.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the vehicle charging parking guide of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the precise positioning schematic diagram of the present invention;

4 is a flow chart of the automatic guidance and control method for non-contact charging of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

Among them, 100. Non-contact charging device, 101. Electric vehicle, 102. Vehicle-mounted terminal, 103. Vehicle-mounted power receiving device, 104. Ground power transmitting device, 105. Vision precise positioning device, 106. Charging platform, 107. Vehicle charging Guiding device, 108. Charging monitoring background, 109. Vehicle wireless communication module, 200. Non-contact charging positioning device, 201. PLC controller, 202. Horizontal translation stepping motor, 203. Vertical translation stepping motor, 204. Lifting stepper motor, 205. visual positioning sensor, 206. target point of visual positioning sensor, 302. V-shaped groove, 301 vehicle guiding rubber block.

detailed description:

The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Figure 1-3, an electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system includes: a non-contact charging device 100, a non-contact charging positioning device 200, a charging monitoring background 108, a vehicle terminal 102, a vehicle wireless communication module 109 .

The non-contact charging device 100 includes a vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 and a ground power transmitting device 104 . The vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 is connected to the power battery of the electric vehicle 101 and can receive non-contact charging power; the ground power transmitting device 104 is placed on the ground to transmit charging power.

The non-contact charging positioning device 200 includes a vehicle charging guiding device 107 , a vision precise positioning device 105 , and a charging platform 106 . The vehicle charging guiding device 107 includes a wheel V-groove 302 and a vehicle guiding rubber block 301 . The visual precise positioning device 105 includes a visual positioning sensor 205 , a visual positioning sensor target point 206 , a horizontal translation stepping motor 202 , a longitudinal translation stepping motor 203 , a lifting stepping motor 204 , and a PLC controller 201 . The visual positioning sensor 205 is connected with the ground power transmitting device 104 and is located at the center of the ground power transmitting device 104 ; the visual positioning sensor target 206 is connected with the vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 and is located at the center of the vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 . The PLC controller 201 is respectively connected with a horizontal translation stepper motor 202 , a longitudinal translation stepper motor 203 , a lifting stepper motor 204 , and a visual positioning sensor 205 . The charging platform 106 is connected with the ground power transmitting device 104 through balls, so that the ground power transmitting device 104 can move on the charging platform 106 .

Ground electric energy transmitting device 104 and vehicle-mounted electric energy receiving device 103, described ground electric energy transmitting device 104 comprises power transmission circuit, transmission coil and first main control unit, and described main control unit is connected with power transmission circuit, and described power transmission circuit will The AC power of the grid is converted and sent to the transmitting coil;

The vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit, a receiving coil, and a second main control unit. The receiving coil receives the power signal transmitted by the transmitting coil, and the power signal is rectified by the high-frequency rectifier circuit and sent to the second main control unit. unit.

Preferably, the ground power transmitting device 104 is placed on the ground to transmit charging power. The ground power transmitting device 104 can also be installed at a set location according to the actual charging demand of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 is connected to the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle to receive non-contact charging power.

The ground power transmitting device 104 also includes a first protection circuit and a first wireless communication unit, the first wireless communication unit is connected to the first main control unit, and the first protection circuit is arranged on the first main control unit and the power transmission circuit between. The first protection circuit protects the signal transmission between the first main control unit and the power transmission circuit. The first wireless communication unit is used for communicating with the monitoring system of the non-contact charging.

Further, the power transmission circuit includes a first filter circuit, a first rectifier circuit and a high-frequency inverter circuit connected in sequence. The power transmission circuit sequentially performs filtering, rectification and high-frequency inverter processing on the electric energy of the grid to obtain AC electric energy suitable for the wireless transmission frequency band.

The vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 also includes a second protection circuit and a second wireless communication unit, the second wireless communication unit is connected to the second main control unit, and the second protection circuit is arranged on the second main control unit and the high Between the high frequency rectification circuit, the second protection circuit protects the signal transmission between the second main control unit and the high frequency rectification circuit. The second wireless communication unit is also used for communicating with the monitoring system of the non-contact charging.

Further, the high-frequency rectification circuit includes a second rectification circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a second filter circuit connected in sequence, and the high-frequency rectification circuit rectifies, stabilizes and filters the received electric energy signal, and the processed electric energy output to the battery for charging.

The ground power transmitting device 104 is connected to the power grid, through the power transmission circuit, the 50Hz AC power of the power grid is converted into AC power suitable for the wireless transmission frequency band, and the transmitting coil converts the high-frequency AC power into electromagnetic energy; the receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103 The electromagnetic energy is converted into electrical energy, which is rectified and filtered by a high-frequency rectifier circuit and then output to the battery for charging. During the charging process, the first wireless communication unit and the second wireless communication unit communicate with the charging monitoring background of the non-contact charging.

The vehicle-mounted terminal 102 is connected with the power battery of the electric vehicle 101, and is used for real-time monitoring of the state of the electric vehicle 101 itself, and obtaining state data of the battery;

The charging monitoring background 108 is used to monitor the non-contact charging process and provide strategies for efficient non-contact charging; the charging monitoring background 108 is connected to the ground power transmitting device 104, and the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 109 is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal 102 ; The charging monitoring background 108 communicates with the on-board wireless communication module 109 through wireless communication to obtain the data of the electric vehicle 101 and the electric battery. The wireless communication methods between the charging monitoring background 108 and the vehicle wireless communication module 109 include but not limited to Wifi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee area wireless communication methods.

The automatic guidance and control workflow of electric vehicle non-contact charging is shown in Figure 4, including the following contents:

The vehicle driver parks the electric vehicle 101 at the non-contact charging station according to the non-contact charging guide device 107, and the electric vehicle 101 connects the on-board wireless communication module 109 with the charging monitoring background 108 and The non-contact charging device 100 establishes a connection in a one-to-one correspondence mode;

The charging monitoring background 108 sends a charging positioning command to the ground power transmitting device 104 of the non-contact charging device 100, and the PLC controller 201 controls the ground power transmitting device 104 on the charging platform 106 through the horizontal translation stepping motor 202 and the vertical translation stepping motor 203. Horizontal and vertical movement on the ground until the visual positioning sensor 205 on the ground power transmitting device 104 establishes a recognition correspondence with the visual positioning sensor target 206 on the vehicle-mounted power receiving device 103, and the charging positioning is completed;

The charging monitoring background 108 obtains the battery status information of the electric vehicle 101 through wireless communication, and starts non-contact charging;

During the charging process, the charging monitoring background 108 detects the non-contact charging device 100, the vehicle state of the electric vehicle 101 and the state data of the power battery of the electric vehicle in real time, and calculates Non-contact charging efficiency, if the charging efficiency is greater than the set minimum efficiency value, continue charging, otherwise re-calibrate the positioning sensor, and adjust the ground power transmitter 104 to move up and down to change the non-contact charging efficiency until it reaches the charging efficiency. Optimum efficiency, continue to maintain the charging state until the charging is complete.

During the charging process, if the communication connection between the charging monitoring background 108 and the electric vehicle 101 is disconnected, the vehicle-mounted wireless communication module 109 in the electric vehicle 101 performs a reconnection operation. If the connection is restored within the set time, the charging will continue; otherwise, the charging control The background 108 cuts off the power supply circuit.

During the charging process, the charging monitoring background collects all status data during the charging process in real time, and alarms for abnormal data.

Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system is characterized in that it includes a non-contact charging device, a non-contact charging positioning device and a charging monitoring background, and the charging monitoring background is respectively connected to the electric vehicle and the non-contact charging system. The contact charging device communicates. The non-contact charging device includes a vehicle power receiving device and a ground power transmitting device. The ground power transmitting device transmits charging power and transmits it to the vehicle power receiving device. The vehicle power receiving device will receive the non-contact The non-contact charging positioning device is provided with a ground power transmitting device; The charging monitoring background adjusts the ground power transmitting device in real time according to the non-contact charging efficiency of the electric vehicle, and positions the ground power transmitting device and the on-board power receiving device to adjust the non-contact charging efficiency. 2. A kind of non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ground electric energy transmitting device comprises a power transmission circuit, a transmitting coil and a first main control unit, said The main control unit is connected with the power transmission circuit, and the power transmission circuit converts the alternating current energy of the power grid and transmits it to the transmitting coil; The vehicle-mounted power receiving device includes a high-frequency rectifier circuit, a receiving coil, and a second main control unit. The receiving coil receives the power signal transmitted by the transmitting coil, and the power signal is rectified by the high-frequency rectifier circuit and then sent to the second main control unit. control unit. 3. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 2, wherein said ground electric energy transmitting device also includes a first protection circuit and a first wireless communication unit, said second A wireless communication unit is connected with the first main control unit, and the first protection circuit is arranged between the first main control unit and the power transmission circuit. 4. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the power transmission circuit includes a first filter circuit, a first rectifier circuit and a high-frequency inverter connected in sequence The power transmission circuit performs filtering, rectification and high-frequency inverter processing on the electric energy of the power grid in sequence to obtain AC electric energy suitable for the wireless transmission frequency band. 5. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 2, wherein said vehicle-mounted power receiving device further comprises a second protection circuit and a second wireless communication unit, said first Two wireless communication units are connected to the second main control unit, the second protection circuit is arranged between the second main control unit and the high-frequency rectification circuit, and the second protection circuit is connected between the second main control unit and the high-frequency rectification circuit The signal transmission of the second wireless communication unit is also used for communication with the monitoring system of the non-contact charging. 6. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles as claimed in claim 5, wherein the high-frequency rectification circuit includes a second rectification circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a second filter circuit connected in sequence , the high-frequency rectification circuit performs rectification, voltage stabilization and filtering processing on the received electric energy signal, and the processed electric energy is output to the battery for charging. 7. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact charging positioning device includes a visual precise positioning device and a charging platform; the visual precise positioning The device includes a visual positioning device, a horizontal translation stepping motor, a vertical translation stepping motor, a lifting stepping motor and a PLC controller; The PLC controller is respectively connected with the horizontal translation stepping motor, the longitudinal translation stepping motor, the lifting stepping motor, the visual positioning device and the charging monitoring background; the PLC controller, the horizontal translation stepping motor, and the longitudinal translation stepping motor , The lifting stepper motor is installed on the charging platform, and after receiving the charging positioning command from the charging monitoring background, the PLC drives the stepping motor to perform charging positioning; The charging platform is connected with the ground electric energy transmitting device through balls, so that the ground electric energy transmitting device can move on the charging platform. 8. A kind of electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described visual positioning device comprises visual positioning sensor and visual positioning sensor target point, visual positioning sensor and ground electric energy The transmitting device is connected and is located at the center of the ground electric energy transmitting device; the target point of the visual positioning sensor is connected with the vehicle electric energy receiving device and is located at the center of the vehicle electric energy receiving device. 9. A non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system for electric vehicles according to claim 7, wherein the non-contact charging positioning device also includes a vehicle charging guiding device, and the vehicle charging guiding device includes Wheel V-shaped grooves and vehicle guide rubber blocks. 10. The method based on a kind of electric vehicle non-contact charging automatic guidance and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1: The electric vehicle parks the vehicle at the non-contact charging station according to the non-contact charging guide device; Step 2: According to the number of the non-contact charging parking space parked by the electric vehicle, establish the wireless communication connection relationship between the electric vehicle and the non-contact charging device and the charging monitoring background; Step 3: The charging monitoring background sends a charging positioning command to the ground power transmitting device of the non-contact charging device, and the PLC controller controls the horizontal and vertical positions of the ground power transmitting device on the charging platform through the horizontal translation stepping motor and the vertical translation stepping motor Move until the visual positioning sensor on the ground power transmitting device and the visual positioning sensor target on the vehicle-mounted power receiving device establish a recognition correspondence, and the charging positioning is completed; Step 4: The charging monitoring background obtains the battery status information of the electric vehicle through wireless communication, and starts non-contact charging; Step 5: During the charging process, the charging monitoring background detects the non-contact charging device, the state of the electric vehicle, and the state data of the electric vehicle power battery in real time, and calculates the non-contact charging through the input power of the ground power transmitting device and the output power of the on-board power receiving device. formula charging efficiency, if the charging efficiency is greater than the set efficiency minimum value, then continue charging until step seven, otherwise, go to step six; Step 6: Re-calibrate the positioning sensor, and adjust the ground power transmitting device to move up and down by adjusting the longitudinal translation stepper motor, so as to change the efficiency of non-contact charging until the charging efficiency is greater than the set minimum efficiency value; Step 7: Keep charging until charging is complete.