CN105380658B - A weightless aircraft test system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a weightless aircraft test system, which includes a human body operation motion characteristic test bracket, an equipment platform, a treadmill, a visual perception characteristic test system and a biological rhythm influence test platform; The performance data during the operation of pulling, pulling, and double-arm rotation support the biomechanical model verification in the weightless environment; measure and obtain the force distribution data of the shoulder and waist of the treadmill subjects, and provide a basis for the improvement and perfection of the treadmill restraint system. By comparing the ground The difference between the running posture and the running posture on the weightless aircraft, and further analyze the problems existing in the design of the space treadmill; verify the effectiveness of the visual perception characteristic test system in obtaining performance data in a variable gravity environment; discuss the short-term and multiple times of the weightless aircraft simulation The effect of weightlessness on the expression of gravity stress genes and biological rhythms in model organisms reveals the molecular mechanism by which gravity changes affect the biological clock.

Description

A weightless aircraft test system

technical field

The invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, in particular to a weightless aircraft test system.

Background technique

The weightless aircraft is a special-purpose aircraft refitted from an ordinary aircraft. It is an important large-scale laboratory in the aerospace program.

Weightlessness is a special environmental factor that always exists in the process of spaceflight. Many domestic and foreign research data show that some physiological functions of the human body have changed in the weightlessness environment of space. Long-term flight will cause cardiovascular disorders, bone loss, With the continuous development of aerospace technology, research on the physiological effects of weightlessness such as lower limb muscle atrophy has become more urgent.

Treadmill exercise is the main countermeasures for astronaut training and spaceflight. At present, our country has included treadmill exercise in the future long-term spaceflight countermeasure plan. However, due to the difficulty of controlling the factors of the subjects in the relevant human experiments, there is still no conclusion about how much intensity of treadmill exercise has the best effect in foreign countries.

Therefore, the test obtains the movement characteristics, visual perception characteristics, and treadmill restraint characteristics of the human body in the state of weightlessness, so as to further analyze the problems existing in the design of the space treadmill and improve the design of the treadmill; study the expression of gravity stress genes of model organisms in the state of weightlessness and The impact of biological rhythms, revealing the molecular mechanism of gravity changes affecting the biological clock; will play an important role in the development of my country's aerospace technology.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a weightless aircraft test system, which can obtain performance data when people perform push, pull, and double-arm rotation operations in a weightless flight state, and support biomechanical model verification in a weightless environment; measure and obtain treadmill subjects The force distribution data of the shoulder and waist provides a basis for the improvement and perfection of the treadmill restraint system; by comparing the difference in running posture on the ground and the weightless aircraft, further analysis of the design problems of the space treadmill; verification under microgravity conditions , the fit and comfort of the restraint device during running, and the adaptability of the human body to the longitudinal load; verify the effectiveness of the visual perception characteristic test system in obtaining performance data in a variable gravity environment; explore the short-term and multiple weightlessness of the weightless aircraft simulation For the effect of gravity stress gene expression and circadian rhythm in model organisms, reveal the molecular mechanism of gravity change affecting circadian clock.

The system includes human body operating motion characteristic test bracket and equipment platform, running platform, visual perception characteristic test system and biorhythm impact test platform.

The test bracket and equipment platform of the human operation motion characteristics include an operation force test system, a physical load evaluation system and a human motion collection and recording system;

The operating force test system is composed of a notebook computer, a test bracket, an operating force collector, 2 push-pull force measurement armrests, 2 rotation force measurement armrests and 4 foot limiters, wherein the test bracket is fixed on the aircraft cabin wall, 2 push-pull force measuring armrests and 2 rotational force measuring armrests are respectively installed on the test stand, 4 foot limiters are respectively fixed on the floor of the aircraft cabin, 2 push-pull force measuring armrests, 2 rotational force measuring armrests and 4 feet The limiters are respectively connected to the operating force collector, and the operating force voltage signal is analyzed and converted into a data signal by the operating force collector. The operating force collector is connected to a laptop computer with a data cable, and the operating force data is displayed in real time and stored for subsequent use. analyze;

The physical load evaluation system includes a myoelectric collection device and a heart rate detection device, wherein the myoelectric collection device is (Noraxon Telemyo), which collects 16 surface electromyographic signals, and the collection parts are as follows: upper limb muscle groups include: triceps, brachial 8 muscles including biceps, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, deltoid, pectoralis major, and trapezius; lower limb muscles include: quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis, thigh Rectus muscle, vastus medialis), gastrocnemius (inner and outer head), tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, semitendinosus and other 8 muscles; the heart rate detection device is the Actiheart heart rate automatic detector and strap, and the Actiheart heart rate detector includes The total weight of the rechargeable power supply and the memory card device is less than 10g. It can continuously record heart rate data for 21 days. It does not need a power supply and has a built-in memory card. Therefore, no data cable is required, and it will not interfere with the electronic communication in the machine;

The human motion acquisition and recording system includes a camera, 4 fixed cameras, Xsens MVN motion capture device, MVN motion measurement system and MVN analysis software, to obtain the moving images and kinematic data of the human body in the weightless aircraft during the experiment, and through the MVN analysis software Analyze kinematic parameters.

The treadmill comprises a treadmill main body, a treadmill mounting bracket, a force measuring device, 6 force sensors, a force measuring device mounting bracket, a restraint device, a camera and 2 video cameras, wherein the treadmill mounting bracket is fixed on the aircraft floor, and the running The main body of the platform is installed on the treadmill installation bracket, the force measurement device installation bracket is fixed on the side of the treadmill installation bracket, and the force measurement device is installed on the force measurement device installation bracket;

The subject wears a restraint device, and a force sensor is connected to each side of the waist, chest and back of the restraint device to measure and calculate the force distribution of the restraint device on the subject's shoulders and waist;

The restraint device is connected to the longitudinal load, squatting with handrails in the level flight section and the overweight section, and standing in the weightless section for running verification;

A camera is fixedly installed on the front and side of the treadmill to capture images of the subjects' running posture during weightlessness, and a camera is also installed to take pictures of the running posture as needed.

The equipment operator can adjust the longitudinal load, take pictures, operate the force measuring device and protect the subject according to the situation.

Described visual perception characteristic testing system comprises test stand, fixed seat and notebook computer, and wherein test stand and fixed seat are installed on the floor of aircraft, and notebook computer is fixed on test stand, and test is all computer software test, and tester is in task During the test, it is necessary to pay attention to the visual stimuli on the computer screen (the visual stimuli will move on the screen in some tests), and respond to the keystrokes as required. The computer system will automatically record performance indicators such as the accuracy of the subject's response and time error.

The circadian rhythm impact test platform includes a test device for the influence of weightlessness on the gene expression response changes of model organisms and a test device for the influence of multiple short-term changes in gravity on the circadian rhythm of model organisms;

The test device for the influence of weightlessness on the change of model organism gene expression response comprises a petri dish box, 3 petri dishes, a test tube box, a test tube holder, and 3 plastic test tubes, wherein the petri dish box and the test tube box are fixed in the aircraft cabin, and 3 The petri dishes can be stacked in the petri dish box, the test tube holder is placed in the test tube box, there are four test tube placement holes on the test tube holder, 3 plastic test tubes with a volume of 15 ml can be placed and fixed in the test tube placement holes, three The plastic test tubes are 1#, 2# and 3# respectively;

Two days before the weightless plane takes off, inoculate Neurospora crassa into the liquid medium, and after standing for 2 days, a layer of bacterial film grows on the surface of the liquid. Three hours before the weightless plane takes off, the bacterial film is sterilized After the final punch was cut into discs, the discs were connected to the culture medium surface of a culture dish filled with a layer of solid medium at the bottom, and each culture dish was inoculated with 6 slices, and a total of 3 culture dishes were inoculated, numbered # 1. #2 and #3;

During the test, before the start of the first parabola, the first collection of samples was started, and the tissue slices were clamped out of 6 pieces of bacterial film from the solid medium of #1 petri dish with tweezers, and put into 1# containing 5ml RNAlater solution Put it in a plastic test tube, screw the cap tightly, and put it in a plastic container to ensure that the liquid is kept in a two-layer container.

After the 20th parabolic descent flight was completed, in the level flight stage, clamp out 6 pieces of bacterium immediately with tweezers from the solid medium of #2 petri dish, put into the 2# plastic test tube that fills 5ml RNAlater solution, Tighten the cap and place in a plastic container to ensure the liquid is kept in a two-layered container.

After the last parabolic flight is over, in the level flight stage, immediately use tweezers to clamp 6 pieces of bacterial film from the solid medium of the #3 petri dish, put it into a 3# plastic test tube filled with 5ml RNAlater solution, and screw it tightly Cover and place in a plastic container to ensure that the liquid is kept in a two-layer container.

After the tissue sample is collected, quickly immerse it in an appropriate volume of RNAlater RNA Stabilization Reagent, which can stably protect the RNA and preserve the sample. RNAlater Tissue Protect Tubes are preloaded with RNAlater RNAStabilization Reagent and have resealable openings for easy handling and sample storage. The protected RNA can be stored at 37°C for 1 day, at 18-25°C for 7 days, at 2-8°C for 4 weeks, and samples can be manipulated, stored and transported without dry ice or liquid nitrogen. The samples protected by this reagent can be stored for a long time at -20°C or -80°C.

After the experiment, total RNA extraction, transcriptome sequencing and analysis were performed on three batches of collected control samples, samples after 20 parabolic flights, and samples after 30 parabolic flights to screen and identify response genes to gravity changes.

The test device for the impact of multiple short-term changes in gravity on the circadian rhythm of model organisms includes 6 plastic centrifuge tubes, 2 light-tight sealed boxes, 2 plastic foam boxes and a fixed bag. The volume of the plastic centrifuge tubes is 50 milliliters. A light-tight sealing box can hold 3 plastic centrifuge tubes, the light-tight sealing box can be installed in a plastic foam box, the plastic foam box can be packed in a fixed bag, and the fixed bag is fixed in the cabin;

There is a solid medium at the bottom of the plastic centrifuge tube, and Neurospora crassa is inoculated on the solid medium. At the same time, the plastic centrifuge tubes are packed in a light-tight sealed box every 3, and then the two light-tight sealed boxes are separated. Packed in 2 plastic foam boxes to maintain a relatively stable temperature, one of the foam boxes does not participate in the weightless aircraft as a control, and the other plastic foam box is brought back after the weightless aircraft completes all parabolic flights, and is tested after returning to the ground. Inoculate the race tube under red light and compare whether the biological rhythm changes.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described below through specific examples.

The invention relates to a weightless aircraft testing system, which comprises a human body operation motion characteristic testing bracket and equipment platform, a running platform, a visual perception characteristic testing system and a biorhythm influence testing platform.

The test bracket and equipment platform of the human operation motion characteristics include an operation force test system, a physical load evaluation system and a human motion collection and recording system;

The operating force test system is composed of a notebook computer, a test bracket, an operating force collector, 2 push-pull force measurement armrests, 2 rotation force measurement armrests and 4 foot limiters, wherein the test bracket is fixed on the aircraft cabin wall, 2 push-pull force measuring armrests and 2 rotational force measuring armrests are respectively installed on the test stand, 4 foot limiters are respectively fixed on the floor of the aircraft cabin, 2 push-pull force measuring armrests, 2 rotational force measuring armrests and 4 feet The limiters are respectively connected to the operating force collector, the operating force voltage signal is analyzed and converted into a data signal through the operating force collector, and the operating force collector is connected to the laptop computer with a data cable;

The physical load evaluation system includes a myoelectric collection device and a heart rate detection device, wherein the myoelectric collection device is (Noraxon Telemyo), which collects 16 surface electromyographic signals, and the collection parts are as follows: upper limb muscle groups include: triceps, brachial 8 muscles including biceps, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis, extensor carpi ulnaris, deltoid, pectoralis major, and trapezius; lower limb muscles include: quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis, thigh Rectus muscle, vastus medialis), gastrocnemius (inner and outer head), tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, semitendinosus and other 8 muscles; the heart rate detection device is the Actiheart heart rate automatic detector and strap, and the Actiheart heart rate detector includes Rechargeable power supply and memory card device;

The human motion acquisition and recording system includes a camera, 4 fixed cameras, Xsens MVN motion capture device, MVN motion measurement system and MVN analysis software, to obtain the moving images and kinematic data of the human body in the weightless aircraft during the experiment, and through the MVN analysis software Analyze kinematic parameters.

The treadmill comprises a treadmill main body, a treadmill mounting bracket, a force measuring device, 6 force sensors, a force measuring device mounting bracket, a restraint device, a camera and 2 video cameras, wherein the treadmill mounting bracket is fixed on the aircraft floor, and the running The main body of the platform is installed on the treadmill installation bracket, the force measurement device installation bracket is fixed on the side of the treadmill installation bracket, and the force measurement device is installed on the force measurement device installation bracket;

The subject wears a restraint device, and a force sensor is connected to each side of the waist, chest and back of the restraint device;

The restraint device is connected to the longitudinal load, squatting with handrails in the level flight section and the overweight section, and standing in the weightless section for running verification;

A camera is fixedly installed on the front and side of the treadmill to capture images of the subjects' running posture during weightlessness, and a camera is also installed to take pictures of the running posture as needed.

The equipment operator can adjust the longitudinal load, take pictures, operate the force measuring device and protect the subject according to the situation.

Described visual perception characteristic testing system comprises test stand, fixed seat and notebook computer, and wherein test stand and fixed seat are installed on the floor of aircraft, and notebook computer is fixed on test stand, and test is all computer software test, and tester is in task During the test, it is necessary to pay attention to the visual stimuli on the computer screen (the visual stimuli will move on the screen in some tests), and respond to the keystrokes as required. The computer system will automatically record performance indicators such as the accuracy of the subject's response and time error.

The circadian rhythm impact test platform includes a test device for the influence of weightlessness on the gene expression response changes of model organisms and a test device for the influence of multiple short-term changes in gravity on the circadian rhythm of model organisms;

The test device for the influence of weightlessness on the change of model organism gene expression response comprises a petri dish box, 3 petri dishes, a test tube box, a test tube holder, and 3 plastic test tubes, wherein the petri dish box and the test tube box are fixed in the aircraft cabin, and 3 The petri dishes can be stacked in the petri dish box, the test tube holder is placed in the test tube box, there are four test tube placement holes on the test tube holder, 3 plastic test tubes with a volume of 15 ml can be placed and fixed in the test tube placement holes, three The plastic test tubes are 1#, 2# and 3# respectively;

Two days before the weightless plane takes off, inoculate Neurospora crassa into the liquid medium, and after standing for 2 days, a layer of bacterial film grows on the surface of the liquid. Three hours before the weightless plane takes off, the bacterial film is sterilized After the final punch was cut into discs, the discs were connected to the culture medium surface of a culture dish filled with a layer of solid medium at the bottom, and each culture dish was inoculated with 6 slices, and a total of 3 culture dishes were inoculated, numbered # 1. #2 and #3;

During the test, before the start of the first parabola, the first collection of samples was started, and the tissue slices were clamped out of 6 pieces of bacterial film from the solid medium of #1 petri dish with tweezers, and put into 1# containing 5ml RNAlater solution Put it in a plastic test tube, screw the cap tightly, and put it in a plastic container to ensure that the liquid is kept in a two-layer container.

After the 20th parabolic descent flight was completed, in the level flight stage, clamp out 6 pieces of bacterium immediately with tweezers from the solid medium of #2 petri dish, put into the 2# plastic test tube that fills 5ml RNAlater solution, Tighten the cap and place in a plastic container to ensure the liquid is kept in a two-layered container.

After the last parabolic flight is over, in the level flight stage, immediately use tweezers to clamp 6 pieces of bacterial film from the solid medium of the #3 petri dish, put it into a 3# plastic test tube filled with 5ml RNAlater solution, and screw it tightly Cover and place in a plastic container to ensure that the liquid is kept in a two-layer container.

After the tissue sample is collected, quickly immerse it in an appropriate volume of RNAlater RNA Stabilization Reagent, which can stably protect the RNA and preserve the sample. RNAlater Tissue Protect Tubes are preloaded with RNAlater RNAStabilization Reagent and have resealable openings for easy handling and sample storage. The protected RNA can be stored at 37°C for 1 day, at 18-25°C for 7 days, at 2-8°C for 4 weeks, and samples can be manipulated, stored and transported without dry ice or liquid nitrogen. The samples protected by this reagent can be stored for a long time at -20°C or -80°C.

After the experiment, total RNA extraction, transcriptome sequencing and analysis were performed on three batches of collected control samples, samples after 20 parabolic flights, and samples after 30 parabolic flights to screen and identify response genes to gravity changes.

The test device for the impact of multiple short-term changes in gravity on the circadian rhythm of model organisms includes 6 plastic centrifuge tubes, 2 light-tight sealed boxes, 2 plastic foam boxes and a fixed bag. The volume of the plastic centrifuge tubes is 50 milliliters. A light-tight sealing box can hold 3 plastic centrifuge tubes, the light-tight sealing box can be installed in a plastic foam box, the plastic foam box can be packed in a fixed bag, and the fixed bag is fixed in the cabin;

There is a solid medium at the bottom of the plastic centrifuge tube, and Neurospora crassa is inoculated on the solid medium. At the same time, the plastic centrifuge tubes are packed in a light-tight sealed box every 3, and then the two light-tight sealed boxes are separated. Packed in 2 plastic foam boxes to maintain a relatively stable temperature, one of the foam boxes does not participate in the weightless aircraft as a control, and the other plastic foam box is brought back after the weightless aircraft completes all parabolic flights, and is tested after returning to the ground. Inoculate the race tube under red light and compare whether the biological rhythm changes.

Claims (6)

1. A weightless aircraft test system is characterized in that: the device comprises a human body operation and motion characteristic test bracket, an equipment platform, a running platform, a visual perception characteristic test system and a biological rhythm influence test platform;

the human body operation motion characteristic test support and the equipment platform comprise an operation force test system, a physical load evaluation system and a human body motion acquisition and recording system;

the operating force testing system consists of a notebook computer, a testing support, an operating force collector, 2 push-pull force measuring handrails, 2 rotating force measuring handrails and 4 foot limiters, wherein the testing support is fixed on the wall of the aircraft cabin body, the 2 push-pull force measuring handrails and the 2 rotating force measuring handrails are respectively arranged on the testing support, the 4 foot limiters are respectively fixed on the floor of the aircraft cabin body, the 2 push-pull force measuring handrails, the 2 rotating force measuring handrails and the 4 foot limiters are respectively connected to the operating force collector, and the operating force collector is connected with the notebook computer by data lines;

the physical load evaluation system comprises a myoelectricity acquisition device and a heart rate detection device, wherein the myoelectricity acquisition device is Noraxon Telemyo and acquires 16 surface myoelectricity signals, the heart rate detection device is an active heart rate automatic detector and braces, and the active heart rate detector comprises a rechargeable power supply and a memory card;

the human motion acquisition and recording system comprises a camera, 4 fixed video cameras, an Xsens MVN motion capture device, an MVN motion measurement system and MVN analysis software, obtains motion images and kinematic data of a human body in a weightless airplane in an experimental process, and analyzes kinematic parameters through MVN analysis software.

2. The weightless aircraft test system of claim 1, wherein: the treadmill comprises a treadmill main body, a treadmill mounting bracket, a force measuring device, 6 force sensors, a force measuring device mounting bracket, a binding device, a camera and 2 video cameras, wherein the treadmill mounting bracket is fixed on the floor of an airplane, the treadmill main body is mounted on the treadmill mounting bracket, the force measuring device mounting bracket is fixed on the side surface of the treadmill mounting bracket, and the force measuring device is mounted on the force measuring device mounting bracket.

3. The weightless aircraft test system of claim 1, wherein: the visual perception characteristic testing system comprises a testing platform, a fixed seat and a notebook computer, wherein the testing platform and the fixed seat are installed on the floor of the airplane, the notebook computer is fixed on the testing platform, and the testing is computer software testing.

4. The weightless aircraft test system of claim 1, wherein: the biological rhythm influence testing platform comprises an influence testing device of weightlessness on the gene expression response change of the model organism and an influence testing device of multiple transient changes of gravity on the circadian rhythm of the model organism.

5. The weightless aircraft test system of claim 4, wherein: weightlessness is including the culture dish box, 3 culture dishes, the test tube box, test tube holder, 3 plastics test tubes to the influence testing arrangement of mode biological gene expression response change, wherein culture dish box and test tube box are fixed in aircraft cabin, 3 culture dishes can overlap and place in the culture dish box, test tube holder places in the test tube box, there are four test tubes on the test tube holder and place the hole, 3 plastics test tube volumes are 15 milliliters, can place and fix and place downtheholely at the test tube, used test fungus is crude neurospora.

6. The weightless aircraft test system of claim 4, wherein: the device for testing the influence of multiple transient changes of gravity on the circadian rhythm of the model organism comprises 6 plastic centrifuge tubes, 2 light-tight seal boxes, 2 plastic foam boxes and one fixing bag, wherein the volume of each plastic centrifuge tube is 50 ml, each light-tight seal box can contain 3 plastic centrifuge tubes, the light-tight seal boxes can be contained in the plastic foam boxes, the plastic foam boxes can be contained in the fixing bags, and the fixing bags are fixed in a cabin; the test fungus used was neurospora crassa.