CN105364076A - Manufacturing technology of replaceable tool made of hard alloy - Google Patents
Manufacturing technology of replaceable tool made of hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing technology of a replaceable tool made of hard alloy. The manufacturing technology comprises the following steps that 1, materials are prepared; 2, screening is carried out; 3, smashing is carried out; 4, ball milling is carried out; 5, slurry obtained in the fourth step is filtered, dried and screened, then a gasoline rubber binding agent is added for full stirring, and particles are obtained; 6, after zinc stearate is added into the particles obtained in the fifth step, mold pressing and extruding are carried out; 7, injection moulding is carried out; 8, sintering and heat preservation are carried out; 9, preliminary machining of the tool is carried out on a lathe; 10, quenching heat treatment is carried out, wherein integral quenching is carried out, heating is carried out to 960 DEG C within 30 min, after heat preservation is carried out for 35 min, quenching and oil quenching are carried out, medium-temperature tempering treatment is carried out on a tool handle at the temperature of 730 DEG C, and low-temperature tempering treatment is carried out on a tool body at the temperature of 350 DEG C; 11, chromizing heat treatment is carried out; 12, finish machining is carried out; and 13, the surface of the tool is coated with a nanometer WC-Co ultrahard composite coating through electric spark surface fusion covering equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing process of cutter, be specifically related to a kind of manufacturing process of carbide alloy replaceable cutter.
Background technology
Carbide alloy is made up of refractory metal hard compounds and binding metal.Due to its high-melting-point and the unmanageable character of high rigidity, carbide alloy industrially can only be produced with powder metallurgy process.It is that prepare powder compaction part with method for press forming, then densified sintering product becomes hard alloy finished product by mixing and grinding material powder that ordinary powder metallurgical technology manufactures cemented carbide parts.Again according to requirement and the hope acquisition final products precision of each side, sintered body is carried out polish, corrode or polishing.The technological process of production is complicated, with high costs, waste of raw materials is serious.People pursue the method for a kind of direct preparation close to the carbide alloy pressed compact of net shape always, not only can reduce final processing cost, can also reduce expensive carbide alloy cost.But carbide alloy price is higher in existing market, and bending strength and toughness are all poor, for cost-saving, improve cutter serviceability, and the welding method that adopts using steel as substantially preparing composite structure product more.Patent CN1439482A discloses a kind of welding method of long sheet shape carbide alloy wood cutter, the method adopts high frequency brazing to connect carbide alloy tool section and steel knife plate, but due to carbide alloy and steel wire expansion coefficient difference larger, therefore postwelding joint residual stress concentrations is comparatively serious, and course of work center tap is easy to ftracture.In addition, the method have selected the silver-base solder and brazing solder that serviceability temperature is lower and price is higher, thus limits the operating temperature of postwelding cutter, adds production cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that the hard alloy cutter solving existing method manufacture is easy to cracking at course of work joint, and operating temperature is low, the problem that production cost is high, and then a kind of manufacturing process of carbide alloy replaceable cutter is proposed, and start with from the alloy material improving cutting tool, a kind of manufacture method for hard alloy cutter is provided.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A manufacturing process for carbide alloy replaceable cutter, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready
First component of 4% is prepared, the second component of 13%, the three components of 2%, the Four composition of 3%, the BSA of 78% according to percentage by weight, wherein,
First component comprises the triglyceride vegetable oils of 59% according to percentage by weight, the phosphite ester of 21%, the inorganic fluorine Barbiturates solid additive of 20%;
Second component comprises according to percentage by weight: the Co of 43%, the Mo of 4%, the rubber powder of 4%, the manganese powder of 9%, the glass putty of 10%, the nickel powder of 17%, the carbonyl iron particles of 13%; Wherein rubber powder comprises: the vinylacetate of 21% and ethylene copolymer rubber powder, the ethene of 27% and vinyl chloride and moon silicic acid vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 6% and ethene and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 19% and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate copolymerization rubber powder, and the mixture of the vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder of 37%;
Three components comprises according to percentage by weight: the aquadag of 55%, 4% diamond particles, the NbC of 9%, the Si of 7%, the VC of 25%;
Four composition comprises according to percentage by weight: the Cr3C2 of 61%, 21% zirconium dioxide, 12% titanium dioxide, 6% surfactant, wherein surfactant comprises: the ammonium lauryl sulfate of 51%, the lauryl sodium sulfate of 37%, the BZK of 9%, the glycerin monostearate of 3%;
BSA comprises according to percentage by weight: the tungsten carbide of 73%, the tungsten boride of 10%, the vanadic anhydride of 8%, the cobalt carbide of 5%, the molybdenum boride of 3%, the boronation zinc of 1%;
(2) screen: screening institute obtains the powder of particle mean size 2.0 μm for material;
(3) pulverize: step (2) gained powder is added in airslide disintegrating mill and pulverizes, obtain the powder that particle size range is 0.4-2.0 μm;
(4) ball milling: gained powder in step (3) is added in agitating ball mill, ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, its dosage is 300ml/kg, and ball milling speed is 90r/min, and ball material weight ratio is 4: 1, mixing speed 750r/min, activity coefficient 0.75, carries out agitation grinding, grinds 4 hours, add wax moulding agent ball milling 4 hours again, obtain slip;
(5) filtration step (4) gained slip, and dry, sieves, after add gasoline rubber bonding agent and fully stir, obtain expecting grain;
(6) mold pressing is carried out after zinc stearate being added to gained material grain in step (5), extruding;
(7) injection mo(u)lding;
(8) sinter under the condition of 1600 DEG C-1800 DEG C in vacuum-sintering integral furnace (vacuum is 1 ~ 5Pa), and pass into argon gas, argon pressure is 5 ~ 10MPa, in Time constant, be warmed up to 360 degrees Celsius of de-PEG and be incubated 1 hour for the first time, in Time constant, be warmed up to 500 degrees Celsius and carry out second time insulation 1 hour, and then in Time constant, being warmed up to 1000 degrees Celsius and carrying out third time and be incubated about half an hour;
(9) on lathe, cutter preliminary working is carried out;
(10) quenching heat treatment: carry out integral quenching, was heated to 960 DEG C in 30 minutes, and be incubated after 35 minutes and quench, oil quenching, then carries out average tempering process to handle of a knife at 730 DEG C of temperature, at 350 DEG C of temperature, carry out lonneal process to blade;
(11) chromising heat treatment;
(12) on grinding machine, fine finishining is carried out;
(13) electric discharge surface cladding equipment is used to prepare the superhard composite coating of nano WC-Co in tool surface spraying.
In step (3), grinding time is 0.4 hour, completes powder classification process simultaneously.
Also add the cobalt dust that 60g particle mean size is 1.2 μm, 2g titanium carbide powder, 0.24g oleic acid, 24g polyethylene glycol in agitating ball mill in step (4), 400g ethanol is as abrasive media.
Lapping diameter D4 in step (4), the quality of mill ball is 7200g.
In step (5), the order number of sieve is 20 orders.
Chromising heat treatment process parameter: chromising temperature is 850 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 9h, by the oil quenching 30min at 850 DEG C of the sample after chromising process, average tempering 2h at 420 DEG C after air cooling.
Compared with currently available technology, the present invention adds decentralized photo, and alloy powder is uniformly dispersed, and ensures the uniformity in length and breadth of interiors of products institutional framework, increases wearability, the service life of product is increased; Hardness of the present invention is high, good toughness, and steady quality not easily occurs phenomenon of rupture, and technique is simple, is applicable to industrial production.Specifically: can effectively reduce joint residual stress, increase strength of joint, thus substantially increase cutter dependability, tool life.Meanwhile, due to the reduction of joint residual stress, and the effect of additional jig, postwelding cutter distortion degree is reduced greatly, brings great convenience for cutter postwelding is orthopedic.The carbide alloy that the method is produced has high rigidity, high strength, high tenacity, high heat conductance and high anti-wear performance, and its blade has length of high working durability, good resistance to impact and high workpiece surface quality, and is applicable to the cutting of High-speed Aluminium alloy.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below, it is a kind of preferred embodiment in numerous embodiments of the present invention.
Embodiment one
A manufacturing process for carbide alloy replaceable cutter, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: prepare first component of 4% according to percentage by weight, the second component of 13%, the three components of 2%, the Four composition of 3%, the BSA of 78%, wherein, the first component comprises the triglyceride vegetable oils of 59% according to percentage by weight, the phosphite ester of 21%, the inorganic fluorine Barbiturates solid additive of 20%; Second component comprises according to percentage by weight: the Co of 43%, the Mo of 4%, the rubber powder of 4%, the manganese powder of 9%, the glass putty of 10%, the nickel powder of 17%, the carbonyl iron particles of 13%; Wherein rubber powder comprises: the vinylacetate of 21% and ethylene copolymer rubber powder, the ethene of 27% and vinyl chloride and moon silicic acid vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 6% and ethene and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 19% and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate copolymerization rubber powder, and the mixture of the vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder of 37%; Three components comprises according to percentage by weight: the aquadag of 55%, 4% diamond particles, the NbC of 9%, the Si of 7%, the VC of 25%; Four composition comprises according to percentage by weight: the Cr3C2 of 61%, 21% zirconium dioxide, 12% titanium dioxide, 6% surfactant, wherein surfactant comprises: the ammonium lauryl sulfate of 51%, the lauryl sodium sulfate of 37%, the BZK of 9%, the glycerin monostearate of 3%; BSA comprises according to percentage by weight: the tungsten carbide of 73%, the tungsten boride of 10%, the vanadic anhydride of 8%, the cobalt carbide of 5%, the molybdenum boride of 3%, the boronation zinc of 1%;
(2) screen: screening institute obtains the powder of particle mean size 2.0 μm for material;
(3) pulverize: step (2) gained powder is added in airslide disintegrating mill and pulverizes, obtain the powder that particle size range is 0.4-2.0 μm;
(4) ball milling: gained powder in step (3) is added in agitating ball mill, ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, its dosage is 300ml/kg, and ball milling speed is 90r/min, and ball material weight ratio is 4: 1, mixing speed 750r/min, activity coefficient 0.75, carries out agitation grinding, grinds 4 hours, add wax moulding agent ball milling 4 hours again, obtain slip;
(5) filtration step (4) gained slip, and dry, sieves, after add gasoline rubber bonding agent and fully stir, obtain expecting grain;
(6) mold pressing is carried out after zinc stearate being added to gained material grain in step (5), extruding;
(7) injection mo(u)lding;
(8) sinter under the condition of 1600 DEG C-1800 DEG C in vacuum-sintering integral furnace (vacuum is 1 ~ 5Pa), and pass into argon gas, argon pressure is 5 ~ 10MPa, in Time constant, be warmed up to 360 degrees Celsius of de-PEG and be incubated 1 hour for the first time, in Time constant, be warmed up to 500 degrees Celsius and carry out second time insulation 1 hour, and then in Time constant, being warmed up to 1000 degrees Celsius and carrying out third time and be incubated about half an hour;
(9) on lathe, cutter preliminary working is carried out;
(10) quenching heat treatment: carry out integral quenching, was heated to 960 DEG C in 30 minutes, and be incubated after 35 minutes and quench, oil quenching, then carries out average tempering process to handle of a knife at 730 DEG C of temperature, at 350 DEG C of temperature, carry out lonneal process to blade;
(11) chromising heat treatment;
(12) on grinding machine, fine finishining is carried out;
(13) electric discharge surface cladding equipment is used to prepare the superhard composite coating of nano WC-Co in tool surface spraying.
Embodiment two
A manufacturing process for carbide alloy replaceable cutter, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready
The first component, the second component of 13%, three components, the Four composition of 3%, the BSA of 0.6% of 2% of 81.4% is prepared according to percentage by weight, wherein,
First component comprises according to percentage by weight: 12-15% tungsten boride, 4-9% vanadic anhydride, 4.9-5.2% cobalt carbide, 2.5-3.5% molybdenum boride, 1.6-1.9% boronation zinc, and surplus is tungsten carbide; Second component comprises according to percentage by weight: the Mo of 10%, the hydroxyl nickel powder of 27%, 13 % carbonyl iron particles, the rubber powder of 4%, surplus is Co; Wherein rubber powder comprises: the vinylacetate of 37% and ethylene copolymer rubber powder, the ethene of 29% and vinyl chloride and moon silicic acid vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 21% and ethene and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 11% and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate copolymerization rubber powder, and the mixture of the vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder of 2%; Three components comprises according to percentage by weight: the NbC of 9%, the Si of 7%, 55% Graphene, the diamond particles of 3.7, surplus is VC; Four composition comprises according to percentage by weight: 27% zirconium dioxide, 9% anatase titania, 3% surfactant, and surplus is Cr3C2; BSA is lubricating additive;
(2) screen: screen the powder that the first component obtains particle mean size 2.0 μm;
(3) pulverize: step (2) gained powder is added in airslide disintegrating mill and pulverizes, obtain the powder that particle size range is 0.4-2.0 μm;
(4) ball milling: gained powder in step (3) is added in agitating ball mill, ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, its dosage is 300ml/kg, and ball milling speed is 90r/min, and ball material weight ratio is 4: 1, mixing speed 750r/min, activity coefficient 0.75, carries out agitation grinding, grinds 4 hours, add wax moulding agent ball milling 4 hours again, obtain slip;
(5) filtration step (4) gained slip, and dry, sieve, after add gasoline rubber bonding agent and fully stir, obtain expecting grain;
(6) mold pressing, extruding is carried out after zinc stearate being added to gained material grain in step (5);
(7) injection mo(u)lding;
(8) sinter under the condition of 1600 DEG C-1800 DEG C in vacuum-sintering integral furnace (vacuum is 1 ~ 5Pa), and pass into argon gas, argon pressure is 5 ~ 10MPa, in Time constant, be warmed up to 360 degrees Celsius of de-PEG and be incubated 1 hour for the first time, in Time constant, be warmed up to 500 degrees Celsius and carry out second time insulation 1 hour, and then in Time constant, being warmed up to 1000 degrees Celsius and carrying out third time and be incubated about half an hour;
(9) on lathe, cutter preliminary working is carried out;
(10) quenching heat treatment: carry out integral quenching, was heated to 960 DEG C in 30 minutes, and be incubated after 35 minutes and quench, oil quenching, then carries out average tempering process to handle of a knife at 730 DEG C of temperature, at 350 DEG C of temperature, carry out lonneal process to blade;
(11) chromising heat treatment;
(12) on grinding machine, fine finishining is carried out;
(13) electric discharge surface cladding equipment is used to prepare the superhard composite coating of nano WC-Co in tool surface spraying.
Above to invention has been exemplary description; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed method of the present invention design and the various improvement carried out of technical scheme, or directly apply to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without improvement.
Claims (6)
1. a manufacturing process for carbide alloy replaceable cutter, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready
First component of 4% is prepared, the second component of 13%, the three components of 2%, the Four composition of 3%, the BSA of 78% according to percentage by weight, wherein,
First component comprises the triglyceride vegetable oils of 59% according to percentage by weight, the phosphite ester of 21%, the inorganic fluorine Barbiturates solid additive of 20%;
Second component comprises according to percentage by weight: the Co of 43%, the Mo of 4%, the rubber powder of 4%, the manganese powder of 9%, the glass putty of 10%, the nickel powder of 17%, the carbonyl iron particles of 13%; Wherein rubber powder comprises: the vinylacetate of 21% and ethylene copolymer rubber powder, the ethene of 27% and vinyl chloride and moon silicic acid vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 6% and ethene and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate ternary polymerization rubber powder, the vinylacetate of 19% and higher aliphatic vinyl acetate copolymerization rubber powder, and the mixture of the vinylacetate homopolymerization rubber powder of 37%;
Three components comprises according to percentage by weight: the aquadag of 55%, 4% diamond particles, the NbC of 9%, the Si of 7%, the VC of 25%;
Four composition comprises according to percentage by weight: the Cr3C2 of 61%, 21% zirconium dioxide, 12% titanium dioxide, 6% surfactant, wherein surfactant comprises: the ammonium lauryl sulfate of 51%, the lauryl sodium sulfate of 37%, the BZK of 9%, the glycerin monostearate of 3%;
BSA comprises according to percentage by weight: the tungsten carbide of 73%, the tungsten boride of 10%, the vanadic anhydride of 8%, the cobalt carbide of 5%, the molybdenum boride of 3%, the boronation zinc of 1%;
(2) screen: screening institute obtains the powder of particle mean size 2.0 μm for material;
(3) pulverize: step (2) gained powder is added in airslide disintegrating mill and pulverizes, obtain the powder that particle size range is 0.4-2.0 μm;
(4) ball milling: gained powder in step (3) is added in agitating ball mill, ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, its dosage is 300ml/kg, and ball milling speed is 90r/min, and ball material weight ratio is 4: 1, mixing speed 750r/min, activity coefficient 0.75, carries out agitation grinding, grinds 4 hours, add wax moulding agent ball milling 4 hours again, obtain slip;
(5) filtration step (4) gained slip, and dry, sieves, after add gasoline rubber bonding agent and fully stir, obtain expecting grain;
(6) mold pressing is carried out after zinc stearate being added to gained material grain in step (5), extruding;
(7) injection mo(u)lding;
(8) sinter under the condition of 1600 DEG C-1800 DEG C in vacuum-sintering integral furnace (vacuum is 1 ~ 5Pa), and pass into argon gas, argon pressure is 5 ~ 10MPa, in Time constant, be warmed up to 360 degrees Celsius of de-PEG and be incubated 1 hour for the first time, in Time constant, be warmed up to 500 degrees Celsius and carry out second time insulation 1 hour, and then in Time constant, being warmed up to 1000 degrees Celsius and carrying out third time and be incubated about half an hour;
(9) on lathe, cutter preliminary working is carried out;
(10) quenching heat treatment: carry out integral quenching, was heated to 960 DEG C in 30 minutes, and be incubated after 35 minutes and quench, oil quenching, then carries out average tempering process to handle of a knife at 730 DEG C of temperature, at 350 DEG C of temperature, carry out lonneal process to blade;
(11) chromising heat treatment;
(12) on grinding machine, fine finishining is carried out;
(13) electric discharge surface cladding equipment is used to prepare the superhard composite coating of nano WC-Co in tool surface spraying.
2. the manufacturing process of carbide alloy replaceable cutter as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), grinding time is 0.4 hour, completes powder classification process simultaneously.
3. the manufacturing process of the carbide alloy replaceable cutter as described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the cobalt dust that 60g particle mean size is 1.2 μm is also added in agitating ball mill in step (4), 2g titanium carbide powder, 0.24g oleic acid, 24g polyethylene glycol, 400g ethanol is as abrasive media.
4. the manufacturing process of the carbide alloy replaceable cutter as described in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, lapping diameter D4 in step (4), the quality of mill ball is 7200g.
5. the manufacturing process of the carbide alloy replaceable cutter as described in claim 1-4, is characterized in that, in step (5), the order number of sieve is 20 orders.
6. the manufacturing process of the carbide alloy replaceable cutter as described in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, chromising heat treatment process parameter: chromising temperature is 850 DEG C, temperature retention time is 9h, by the oil quenching 30min at 850 DEG C of the sample after chromising process, average tempering 2h at 420 DEG C after air cooling.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN106392080A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-15 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Rifling composite tungsten steel broaching tool |
| CN106424736A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-02-22 | 大连圣洁热处理科技发展有限公司 | Precise combination broach |
| CN107058916A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 汪建军 | A kind of high strength alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107099720A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-29 | 四川大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy sintered carbide tool material for processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN107542406A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-05 | 林惠花 | A kind of graphene drill bit |
| CN109097655A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-28 | 马鞍山市恒利达机械刀片有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of hard alloy replaceable cutter |
| CN110202332A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-06 | 扬州昇业机械有限公司 | A kind of production method of multi-functional superhard alloy hole saw |
| CN113305287A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 河南中硬合金有限公司 | Forming agent for hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114959695A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-30 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Self-sharpening crop chopping knife and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107542406A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2018-01-05 | 林惠花 | A kind of graphene drill bit |
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| CN107058916A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-18 | 汪建军 | A kind of high strength alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107099720A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-29 | 四川大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy sintered carbide tool material for processing and preparation method thereof |
| CN109097655A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-12-28 | 马鞍山市恒利达机械刀片有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of hard alloy replaceable cutter |
| CN110202332A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-09-06 | 扬州昇业机械有限公司 | A kind of production method of multi-functional superhard alloy hole saw |
| CN110202332B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2024-04-26 | 扬州昇业机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method of multifunctional superhard alloy hole saw |
| CN114959695A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-08-30 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Self-sharpening crop chopping knife and preparation method thereof |
| CN113305287A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 河南中硬合金有限公司 | Forming agent for hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113305287B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2024-04-30 | 河南中硬合金有限公司 | Forming agent for hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
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