CN105347486A - Processing method for wastewater containing heavy metal chromium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a processing method for wastewater containing heavy metal chromium, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater processing. The processing method comprises getting river humus sludge, adding hydrochloric acid for acidifying processing, then performing sodium modification processing, spreading the humus mud powder subjected to sodium modification processing into wastewater, uniformly mixing and performing centrifugation separation, so as to obtain a precipitate; mixing the precipitate with sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank in chemical-engineering sewage pools, then culturing a water plant India canna in the sludge mixture, so as to adsorb heavy metal chromium in the sludge through India canna root, wherein the heavy metal chromium is enriched at leaves through stem transportation; culturing the capability of India canna adsorbing heavy metal chromium, then removing the leaves and stems and keeping the roots, planting India canna into to-be-processed chromium-containing wastewater, and leaving India canna to natural grow and propagate and adsorb the heavy metal in wastewater. The embodiment proves that the method is unique, relatively low in cost, free of any chemical agents and free of harm to environment, and finally enables the removal rate of the heavy metal chromium in wastewater to be up to 95% or more.

Description

A kind for the treatment of process containing heavy metal chromium waste water

Technical field

The invention discloses a kind for the treatment of process containing heavy metal chromium waste water, belong to technical field of waste water processing.

Background technology

Chromate waste water is mainly derived from the waste water of the discharge such as processing, plating, printing and dyeing, leather, chemical industry, laboratory of chromium-containing ore.Chromium mainly exists with sexavalence and trivalent form in water, there is very strong toxicity, and chromic toxicity is far longer than trivalent chromium, it invades human body by air, tap water, food or contact, causes skin erosion, respiratory tract infection, anaemia, even has carcinogenesis.Chromate waste water is discharged in environment and can not degrades, and can only change form or transfer accumulation, thus serious to environmental hazard.Within 2003, several serious pollution of chromium accidents are exactly caused by chromium slag alkalescence percolate.

The method of process chrome waste water conventional at present comprises reduction precipitation method, active carbon adsorption and physico-chemical processes.Reduction precipitation method is current widely used chromium containing waste water treatment method, conventional reductive agent comprises Sodium Pyrosulfite, S-WAT, sodium bisulfite, Sulfothiorine, ferrous sulfate, sulfurous gas etc., its ultimate principle in waste water, adds reductive agent in acid condition, hexavalent chrome reduction is become trivalent chromium, then add lime or sodium hydroxide, make it generate Cr (OH) in the basic conditions ₃precipitate thus remove chromium ion; In active carbon adsorption, gac has larger surface-area, can occur to adsorb thus the chromium removed in waste water with the chromium in waste water, certain application is obtained because it has the advantages such as effect stability, floor space is little, equipment is simple, but the application of this method due to drawbacks limit such as gac are expensive, poor selectivity, use range are limited, regeneration is difficult.

Microorganism, plant, have the ability of enrichment, metabolism heavy metal, can participate in heavy metal being converted into nontoxic or hypotoxic form at nature, or by adsorption, be fixed in biomass cells, thus carry out self-cleaning, reparation to contaminated environment.Compare with reduction precipitation method with traditional physico-chemical processes, biological process has economy, the efficient and advantage such as innoxious, becomes the method for most development prospect of generally acknowledging the world today.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves: for current traditional method in the process of processing waste water containing chrome heavy metal, physico-chemical processes damage ratio is larger, institute's with medicament may cause secondary pollution to environment, and active carbon adsorption cost is higher, use range is limited, all be difficult to the problem effectively removing heavy metal in chromate waste water, provide a kind for the treatment of process containing heavy metal chromium waste water.First the method gets river course bottom blackout humus sludge, add hydrochloric acid and carry out acidification, post-drying, pulverize, add sodium-chlor again and carry out sodium process, then the soil ulmin mud powder after sodium process is sprinkled in waste water, mix rear centrifugation, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, and throw out is mixed with second pond mud in chemical engineering sewage pond, waterplant Canna generalis Bailey is cultivated subsequently in mud mixture, by the heavy metal chromium in Canna generalis Bailey root system absorption mud, through stem, conveying is enriched to blade face, cultivate the ability of Canna generalis Bailey Adsorption of Heavy Metals chromium, remove blade face and stem again, stay its root, implant in pending chromate waste water, give free rein to growth, spread, absorption heavy metal in waste water, .The present invention not only method is unique, and cost compare is low, and without any chemical agent, is safe from harm for environment, finally makes the clearance of heavy metal in waste water chromium up to more than 90%.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

(1) riverway sludge 5 ~ 8kg that 8 ~ 10cm is thick is got, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, mud water ratio is made to be 7 ~ 12%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 4 ~ 6cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud;

(2) river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 10 ~ 15% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 3 ~ 5% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 1 ~ 2%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 38 ~ 55 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 10 ~ 13 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 75 ~ 85 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 200 ~ 500g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 2 ~ 3 days, carry out sodium process,

(3) the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 3 ~ 5L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 10 ~ 30g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 45 ~ 60min, after leaving standstill 40 ~ 50min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 15 ~ 25min of 300 ~ 500r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture;

(4) in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 200 ~ 300mL and 250 ~ 280mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 3 ~ 6h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 10 ~ 20g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 1.5 ~ 2.0mg/L, temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, 5 ~ 8h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.1 ~ 0.3mg/L, temperature is 26 ~ 32 DEG C, 10 ~ 12h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 3 ~ 5 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 10 ~ 20 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 40 ~ 45 days,

(5) the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 40 ~ 45 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.

Application method of the present invention is: after the maturation of cultivate the present invention, the Canna generalis Bailey defoliation of 10 ~ 20 strains stays root, implant in chromate waste water, 15 ~ 18 days, Canna generalis Bailey grows leaf again, and quantity is from 10 ~ 20 strain breedings before to 30 ~ 35 strains, allows its continued growth after 3 ~ 5 days, detects water quality with detector, record chromium content in chromate waste water and be reduced to 0.2 ~ 0.4mg/L from 20 original ~ 30mg/L, clearance is up to more than 95%.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) operation of the present invention and raw materials cost lower, without any chemical agent during operation, do not have secondary to endanger for environment;

(2) the present invention utilizes plant to adsorb, safety and sanitation, finally makes the clearance of heavy metal in waste water chromium up to more than 95%.

Embodiment

First riverway sludge 5 ~ 8kg that 8 ~ 10cm is thick is got, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, mud water ratio is made to be 7 ~ 12%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 4 ~ 6cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud, then river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 10 ~ 15% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 3 ~ 5% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 1 ~ 2%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 38 ~ 55 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 10 ~ 13 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 75 ~ 85 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 200 ~ 500g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 2 ~ 3 days, carry out sodium process, subsequently the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 3 ~ 5L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 10 ~ 30g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 45 ~ 60min, after leaving standstill 40 ~ 50min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 15 ~ 25min of 300 ~ 500r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture, next in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 200 ~ 300mL and 250 ~ 280mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 3 ~ 6h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 10 ~ 20g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 1.5 ~ 2.0mg/L, temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, 5 ~ 8h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.1 ~ 0.3mg/L, temperature is 26 ~ 32 DEG C, 10 ~ 12h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 3 ~ 5 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 10 ~ 20 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 40 ~ 45 days, finally the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 40 ~ 45 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.

Example 1

First get the riverway sludge 5kg that 8m is thick, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 60 DEG C, make mud water ratio be 7%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 4cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud, then river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 10% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 3% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 1%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 38 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 10 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 75 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 200g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 2 days, carry out sodium process, subsequently the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 3L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 10g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 45min, after leaving standstill 40min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 15min of 300r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture, next in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 200mL and 250mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 3h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 10g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 1.5mg/L, temperature is 25 DEG C, 5h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.1mg/L, temperature is 26 ~ 32 DEG C, 10h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 3 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 10 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 40 days, finally the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 40 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.

This example operation is simple, during operation, after the maturation of cultivate the present invention, the Canna generalis Bailey defoliation of 10 strains stays root, implants in chromate waste water, 15 days, Canna generalis Bailey grows leaf again, and quantity is from 10 strain breedings before to 30 strains, allows its continued growth after 3 days, detects water quality with detector, record chromium content in chromate waste water and be reduced to 0.2mg/L from original 20mg/L, clearance is up to 99%.

Example 2

First get the riverway sludge 6.5kg that 9cm is thick, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 65 DEG C, make mud water ratio be 10%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 5cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud, then river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 13% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 4% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 1.5%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 50 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 12 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 80 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 350g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 2.5 days, carry out sodium process, subsequently the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 4L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 20g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 55min, after leaving standstill 45min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 20min of 400r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture, next in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 250mL and 260mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 5h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 15g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 1.7mg/L, temperature is 28 DEG C, 6h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.2mg/L, temperature is 30 DEG C, 11h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 4 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 15 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 43 days, finally the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 43 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.

This example operation is simple, during operation, after the maturation of cultivate the present invention, the Canna generalis Bailey defoliation of 15 strains stays root, implants in chromate waste water, 17 days, Canna generalis Bailey grows leaf again, and quantity is from 15 strain breedings before to 33 strains, allows its continued growth after 4 days, detects water quality with detector, record chromium content in chromate waste water and be reduced to 0.3mg/L from original 25mg/L, clearance is up to 98.8%.

Example 3

First get the riverway sludge 8kg that 10cm is thick, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 70 DEG C, make mud water ratio be 12%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 6cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud, then river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 15% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 5% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 2%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 55 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 13 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 85 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 500g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 3 days, carry out sodium process, subsequently the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 5L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 30g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 60min, after leaving standstill 50min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 25min of 500r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture, next in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 300mL and 280mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 6h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 20g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 2.0mg/L, temperature is 30 DEG C, 8h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.3mg/L, temperature is 32 DEG C, 12h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 5 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 20 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 45 days, finally the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 45 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.

This example operation is simple, during operation, after the maturation of cultivate the present invention, the Canna generalis Bailey defoliation of 20 strains stays root, implants in chromate waste water, 18 days, Canna generalis Bailey grows leaf again, and quantity is from 10 ~ 20 strain breedings before to 35 strains, allows its continued growth after 5 days, detects water quality with detector, record chromium content in chromate waste water and be reduced to 0.4mg/L from original 30mg/L, clearance is up to 98.6%.

Claims (1)

1., containing a treatment process for heavy metal chromium waste water, it is characterized in that concrete operation step is:

(1) riverway sludge 5 ~ 8kg that 8 ~ 10cm is thick is got, be positioned in drying machine, dry 20min at 60 ~ 70 DEG C, mud water ratio is made to be 7 ~ 12%, then leave standstill and be cooled to room temperature, and make lower leaf on it, scrape off the thick riverway sludge of upper strata 4 ~ 6cm afterwards gently, obtain lower floor's river course soil ulmin mud;

(2) river course obtained above soil ulmin mud is put into ceramic fermentor tank, and the massfraction adding soil ulmin mud quality 10 ~ 15% is wherein the hydrochloric acid soln of 35%, and the glucose of soil ulmin mud quality 3 ~ 5% and the Ovum Gallus domesticus album of 1 ~ 2%, after stirring, with transparent film sealing and fermenting tank mouth, promote temperature to 38 ~ 55 DEG C simultaneously, sealing and fermenting 10 ~ 13 days, make its acidifying, afterwards the soil ulmin mud after acidifying is taken out, put into drying machine, at 75 ~ 85 DEG C after drying treatment 30min, move in runner milling and be milled into powder, add 200 ~ 500g sodium-chlor more subsequently, after mixing, sealing and standing 2 ~ 3 days, carry out sodium process,

(3) the soil ulmin mud powder obtained after sodium is sprinkled in the container that 3 ~ 5L chromate waste water is housed, wherein be sprinkled into 10 ~ 30g soil ulmin mud powder in often liter of waste water, and fully stir 45 ~ 60min, after leaving standstill 40 ~ 50min afterwards, move in separating centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugation 15 ~ 25min of 300 ~ 500r/min, remove supernatant liquid, obtain throw out, subsequently by the throw out that obtains and chemical engineering sewage second pond mud, be fully to mix at 2: 1 in mass ratio, obtain pureed mixture;

(4) in the pureed mixture obtained in above-mentioned process, add the sodium methyl mercaptide solution that the acetone of 200 ~ 300mL and 250 ~ 280mL massfraction are 28% respectively, acclimation sludge 3 ~ 6h is carried out after being uniformly mixed, add the mud that 10 ~ 20g contains polyP bacteria afterwards again, first controlling dissolved oxygen is 1.5 ~ 2.0mg/L, temperature is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, 5 ~ 8h is cultivated under aerobic environment, controlling dissolved oxygen is again 0.1 ~ 0.3mg/L, temperature is 26 ~ 32 DEG C, 10 ~ 12h is cultivated under anaerobic environment, alternate culture after 3 ~ 5 days under aerobic and anaerobic environment subsequently, pre-prepd 10 ~ 20 strain Canna generalis Bailey seedling are implanted in this mud, make its self-sow 40 ~ 45 days,

(5) the ripe Canna generalis Bailey of above-mentioned growth after 40 ~ 45 days is extracted from mud, stays root defoliation, afterwards the root stayed is put into chromate waste water, again give free rein to growth, spread, thus absorb the heavy metal chromium in waste water.