CN105333156A - Combined sealing structure with pressure compensation - Google Patents
Combined sealing structure with pressure compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105333156A CN105333156A CN201510864697.1A CN201510864697A CN105333156A CN 105333156 A CN105333156 A CN 105333156A CN 201510864697 A CN201510864697 A CN 201510864697A CN 105333156 A CN105333156 A CN 105333156A
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种带有压力补偿的组合密封结构，适用于全旋转式井下旋转导向钻井工具，连接环通过过盈配合装入密封套的左端，连接环的右端与金属密封波纹管的左端焊接在一起，金属密封波纹管的右端焊接在压力缸套的左端；压力缸套最左端设置有安全阀，安全阀的右边设置有单向阀，压力缸套内部与活塞过盈配合，活塞同时与导向轴过盈配合，活塞的右端面处与弹簧的左端焊接，弹簧的右端焊接在螺旋密封的左端面处，螺旋密封通过过盈配合套在导向轴上，且螺旋密封右端通过弹簧挡圈定位；连接环主要密封由导向轴活动空间处进入的钻井液和内部的润滑油，螺旋密封和活塞共同密封由螺旋密封结构处的间隙进入的钻井液和内部润滑油，并由螺旋密封虑掉钻井液中的固体颗粒；本发明具有耐高温高压、耐腐蚀、耐冲击、耐磨损，密封性能高、长寿命等特点。
A combined sealing structure with pressure compensation, which is suitable for fully rotary downhole rotary steerable drilling tools. The connecting ring is fitted into the left end of the sealing sleeve through interference fit, and the right end of the connecting ring is welded to the left end of the metal sealing bellows. The right end of the metal sealing bellows is welded to the left end of the pressure cylinder liner; the left end of the pressure cylinder liner is provided with a safety valve, and the right side of the safety valve is provided with a check valve. Interference fit, the right end of the piston is welded to the left end of the spring, the right end of the spring is welded to the left end of the spiral seal, the spiral seal is sleeved on the guide shaft through interference fit, and the right end of the spiral seal is positioned by the spring retaining ring; the connecting ring It mainly seals the drilling fluid and internal lubricating oil entering from the active space of the guide shaft. The screw seal and the piston jointly seal the drilling fluid and internal lubricating oil entering through the gap of the screw sealing structure, and the screw seal filters out the drilling fluid. Solid particles; the invention has the characteristics of high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, wear resistance, high sealing performance and long life.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种适用于全旋转指向式旋转导向钻井工具的密封，特别涉及一种带有压力补偿的组合密封结构。The invention relates to a seal suitable for a full-rotation pointing rotary steerable drilling tool, in particular to a combined sealing structure with pressure compensation.
背景技术Background technique
导向钻井工具的密封主要是解决旋转外套或非旋转外套和心轴之间的密封问题。常用于旋转导向钻井工具的密封主要有填料密封和唇形密封，这两种密封形式主要是通过压缩密封材料产生大变形来实现的，难以满足可控弯接头旋转导向钻井工具在不同钻进模式和恶劣工况条件下对密封结构的性能要求，主要体现在以下几点：The sealing of the steerable drilling tool is mainly to solve the sealing problem between the rotating casing or the non-rotating casing and the mandrel. The seals commonly used in rotary steerable drilling tools mainly include packing seals and lip seals. These two sealing forms are mainly realized by compressing the sealing material to produce large deformation, which is difficult to meet the controllable bend joint rotary steerable drilling tools in different drilling modes. The performance requirements for the sealing structure under harsh working conditions are mainly reflected in the following points:
1.密封面存在设计范围的摆角，因此密封结构需要在为导向轴留有适当摆动空间的情况下实现密封，调整摆角大小时密封结构需要有自动补偿功能，保证不产生泄漏。1. The sealing surface has a swing angle within the design range, so the sealing structure needs to realize the seal while leaving an appropriate swing space for the guide shaft. When adjusting the swing angle, the sealing structure needs to have an automatic compensation function to ensure no leakage.
2.密封结构和材料能承受井下高温、高压，能抵抗钻头在破岩时产生的冲击和振动。2. The sealing structure and material can withstand high temperature and high pressure underground, and can resist the impact and vibration generated by the drill bit when breaking rock.
3.密封材料要耐腐蚀、耐磨损、不易老化。3. The sealing material should be corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant and not easy to age.
4.密封结构有较高的可靠性和寿命。4. The sealing structure has high reliability and service life.
由于，填料密封难以在密封面摆动时实现径向补偿，且在可靠近压盖处磨损较快；唇形密封难以满足密封面两侧压力差存在不规律变化时的密封要求，且在井下高温高压高磨砺性钻井液环境下，很难起到密封效果。所以，填料密封和唇形密封难以满足可控弯接头旋转导向钻井工具对密封结构的上述要求。Because it is difficult for the packing seal to achieve radial compensation when the sealing surface swings, and it wears faster near the gland; the lip seal is difficult to meet the sealing requirements when the pressure difference on both sides of the sealing surface changes irregularly, and the high temperature underground In the environment of high-pressure and high-abrasive drilling fluid, it is difficult to achieve a sealing effect. Therefore, packing seals and lip seals are difficult to meet the above-mentioned requirements on the sealing structure of rotary steerable drilling tools with controllable bend joints.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种带有压力补偿的组合密封结构，该结构具有耐高温高压、耐腐蚀、耐冲击、耐磨损，密封性能高、长寿命等特点。In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined sealing structure with pressure compensation, which has the advantages of high temperature and high pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, wear resistance, high sealing performance, long life, etc. features.
为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种带有压力补偿的组合密封结构，适用于全旋转式井下旋转导向钻井工具，包括连接环3，连接环3通过过盈配合装入密封套5的左端，连接环3的右端与金属密封波纹管4的左端焊接在一起，金属密封波纹管4的右端焊接在压力缸套8的左端；压力缸套8最左端设置有安全阀6，安全阀6的右边设置有单向阀7，压力缸套8内部与活塞9过盈配合，活塞9同时与导向轴14过盈配合，活塞9的右端面处与弹簧10的左端焊接，弹簧10的右端焊接在螺旋密封12的左端面处，螺旋密封12通过过盈配合套在导向轴14上，且螺旋密封12右端通过弹簧挡圈定位。A combined sealing structure with pressure compensation, suitable for fully rotary downhole rotary steerable drilling tools, including a connecting ring 3, which is fitted into the left end of the sealing sleeve 5 through interference fit, and the right end of the connecting ring 3 is sealed with a metal seal The left end of the bellows 4 is welded together, and the right end of the metal sealing bellows 4 is welded to the left end of the pressure cylinder liner 8; the left end of the pressure cylinder liner 8 is provided with a safety valve 6, and the right side of the safety valve 6 is provided with a one-way valve 7, the pressure The interior of the cylinder liner 8 is interference fit with the piston 9, and the piston 9 is also interference fit with the guide shaft 14. The right end of the piston 9 is welded to the left end of the spring 10, and the right end of the spring 10 is welded to the left end of the spiral seal 12. The seal 12 is sleeved on the guide shaft 14 through an interference fit, and the right end of the spiral seal 12 is positioned by a circlip.
连接环3和活塞9上均设有三个相同的耐高压组合密封槽A，密封槽A的截面形状为梯形，O型密封圈17装在密封槽A中间，O型密封圈17两边均对称装有楔形密封圈15和备份密封圈16。Both the connecting ring 3 and the piston 9 are provided with three identical high-pressure-resistant combined sealing grooves A, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing groove A is trapezoidal, the O-shaped sealing ring 17 is installed in the middle of the sealing groove A, and both sides of the O-shaped sealing ring 17 are installed symmetrically. There are wedge seal ring 15 and backup seal ring 16.
压力缸套8左端外表面到安全阀6之间加工成楔形。Between the outer surface of the left end of the pressure cylinder liner 8 and the safety valve 6, it is processed into a wedge shape.
活塞9内圆面与导向轴14的接触距离大于活塞9与压力缸套8的接触距离。The contact distance between the inner circle of the piston 9 and the guide shaft 14 is greater than the contact distance between the piston 9 and the pressure cylinder liner 8 .
本发明具有以下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:
(1)本发明为导向轴绕导向节自由灵活摆动留有充足空间，使导向轴较为容易的达到设计要求的最大倾角，密封机构对其不产生空间约束。(1) The present invention leaves enough space for the guide shaft to freely and flexibly swing around the guide joint, so that the guide shaft can easily reach the maximum inclination angle required by the design, and the sealing mechanism does not produce space constraints on it.
(2)本发明采用组合密封圈设计，楔形截面金属密封圈、矩形密封圈、O型圈的有机配合，增强了密封圈对井下高压的耐受力，减小了因压力差而产生的密封圈失效，提高了密封结构的工作寿命。(2) The present invention adopts the combined sealing ring design, and the organic cooperation of the wedge-shaped cross-section metal sealing ring, rectangular sealing ring and O-ring enhances the tolerance of the sealing ring to the high pressure downhole and reduces the sealing effect caused by the pressure difference. Ring failure, improve the working life of the sealing structure.
(3)本发明采用了压力补偿机构配合其他密封元件的设计方法，压力补偿机构由压力缸套8、活塞9、弹簧10、安全阀6、单向阀7组成。压力缸套左端与金属密封波纹管焊接，压力缸套两端外表面处加工成楔形，压力缸套左端处有安全阀和单向阀。活塞套在导向轴上，活塞内圆横截面比外圆横截面稍长，活塞内孔和外表面开有凹槽，各密封圈的布置同连接环凹槽密封圈布置相同。活塞右端焊接弹簧，弹簧右端连接在螺旋密封左端。有效的降低了密封界面两侧的压力差，降低了其他密封元件因高压力差而引起的破坏，减少了泄漏量。(3) The present invention adopts a design method in which a pressure compensation mechanism cooperates with other sealing elements. The pressure compensation mechanism is composed of a pressure cylinder liner 8, a piston 9, a spring 10, a safety valve 6, and a one-way valve 7. The left end of the pressure cylinder liner is welded with the metal sealing bellows, the outer surface of both ends of the pressure liner is processed into a wedge shape, and the left end of the pressure liner is equipped with a safety valve and a check valve. The piston is sleeved on the guide shaft, the cross-section of the inner circle of the piston is slightly longer than the cross-section of the outer circle, the inner hole and the outer surface of the piston are provided with grooves, and the arrangement of each sealing ring is the same as that of the connecting ring groove sealing ring. The right end of the piston is welded with a spring, and the right end of the spring is connected to the left end of the spiral seal. Effectively reduce the pressure difference on both sides of the sealing interface, reduce the damage of other sealing elements caused by high pressure difference, and reduce the leakage.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为组合密封结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined sealing structure.
图2为密封圈组合结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the sealing ring.
图中：1旋转外套，2导向节，3连接环，4金属密封波纹管，5密封套，6安全阀，7单向阀，8压力缸套，9活塞，10弹簧，11螺旋密封，12弹性纱网，13弹簧挡圈，14导向轴，15楔形密封圈，16备份密封圈，17O型圈。In the figure: 1 rotating jacket, 2 guiding joint, 3 connecting ring, 4 metal sealing bellows, 5 sealing sleeve, 6 safety valve, 7 one-way valve, 8 pressure cylinder liner, 9 piston, 10 spring, 11 screw seal, 12 Elastic gauze, 13 spring retaining ring, 14 guide shaft, 15 wedge-shaped sealing ring, 16 backup sealing ring, 17O-ring.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明做详细叙述。The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
参照图1，一种带有压力补偿的组合密封结构，适用于全旋转式井下旋转导向钻井工具(可控弯接头)，包括连接环3，连接环3通过过盈配合装入密封套5的左端，连接环3的右端与金属密封波纹管4的左端焊接在一起，金属密封波纹管4的右端焊接在压力缸套8的左端；压力缸套8最左端设置有安全阀6，安全阀6的右边设置有单向阀7，压力缸套8内部与活塞9过盈配合，活塞9同时与导向轴14过盈配合，活塞9的右端面处与弹簧10的左端焊接，弹簧10的右端焊接在螺旋密封12的左端面处。螺旋密封12通过过盈配合套在导向轴14上，且螺旋密封12右端通过弹簧挡圈定位。Referring to Figure 1, a combined sealing structure with pressure compensation is suitable for fully rotary downhole rotary steerable drilling tools (controllable bend joints), including a connecting ring 3, which is inserted into the sealing sleeve 5 through interference fit The left end, the right end of the connecting ring 3 and the left end of the metal sealing bellows 4 are welded together, the right end of the metal sealing bellows 4 is welded to the left end of the pressure cylinder liner 8; the leftmost end of the pressure cylinder liner 8 is provided with a safety valve 6, a safety valve 6 The right side of the cylinder is provided with a check valve 7, the inside of the pressure cylinder liner 8 is interference fit with the piston 9, and the piston 9 is interference fit with the guide shaft 14 at the same time, the right end of the piston 9 is welded with the left end of the spring 10, and the right end of the spring 10 is welded At the left end face of the screw seal 12. The spiral seal 12 is sleeved on the guide shaft 14 through an interference fit, and the right end of the spiral seal 12 is positioned by a circlip.
参照图2，连接环3和活塞9上均设有三个相同的耐高压组合密封槽A，密封槽A的截面形状为梯形，O型密封圈17装在密封槽A中间，O型密封圈17两边均对称装有楔形密封圈15和备份密封圈16。在调节密封面两侧压力时，活塞9会沿导向轴14来回移动，活塞9内外圆处都是主要承压面和泄漏通道，因此需要高压密封。Referring to Fig. 2, there are three identical high-pressure-resistant combined sealing grooves A on the connecting ring 3 and the piston 9, the cross-sectional shape of the sealing groove A is trapezoidal, the O-ring 17 is installed in the middle of the sealing groove A, and the O-ring 17 Both sides are equipped with wedge-shaped sealing ring 15 and backup sealing ring 16 symmetrically. When adjusting the pressure on both sides of the sealing surface, the piston 9 will move back and forth along the guide shaft 14, and the inner and outer circles of the piston 9 are the main pressure bearing surfaces and leakage channels, so high pressure sealing is required.
压力缸套8左端外表面到安全阀6之间加工成楔形，以防止当金属密封波纹管弯曲变形时压力缸套8和密封套5产生碰撞挤压。The outer surface of the left end of the pressure cylinder liner 8 and the safety valve 6 are processed into a wedge shape to prevent the pressure cylinder liner 8 and the sealing sleeve 5 from being collided and squeezed when the metal sealing bellows is bent and deformed.
活塞9内圆面与导向轴14的接触距离大于活塞9与压力缸套8的接触距离；为了增加活塞9在导向轴14频繁摆动时的随动补偿性。The contact distance between the inner circle of the piston 9 and the guide shaft 14 is greater than the contact distance between the piston 9 and the pressure cylinder liner 8; in order to increase the follow-up compensation of the piston 9 when the guide shaft 14 frequently swings.
本发明的工作原理：可控弯接头在垂直钻进时，导向轴14与旋转外套处于同一轴线，连接环3处的耐高压密封结构与活塞9和螺旋密封起主要密封作用。连接环3主要密封由导向轴14活动空间处进入的钻井液和内部的润滑油，螺旋密封12和活塞9共同密封由螺旋密封12结构处的间隙进入的钻井液和内部润滑油，并由螺旋密封12虑掉钻井液中的固体颗粒。Working principle of the present invention: when the controllable bend joint is drilling vertically, the guide shaft 14 is on the same axis as the rotating jacket, and the high-pressure resistant sealing structure at the connecting ring 3 plays a major sealing role with the piston 9 and the screw seal. The connecting ring 3 mainly seals the drilling fluid and internal lubricating oil entering from the movable space of the guide shaft 14, the screw seal 12 and the piston 9 jointly seal the drilling fluid and internal lubricating oil entering from the gap at the structure of the screw seal 12, and the screw seal 12 Seal 12 filters out solid particles in the drilling fluid.
可控弯接头在导向钻进时，通过金属密封波纹管4的柔性变形，使密封结构随导向轴产生摆动角度，而保证连接环3和压力平衡机构的稳定性，降低了对密封圈的浮动弹性要求，减少了摩擦磨损破坏，提高了整体性能，另外，弹簧10和金属密封波纹管4的轴向变形也起到一定的减震缓冲作用，对保持高压密封面的相对稳定也是非常有利的。弹性纱网12具有良好的随动补偿性，可以及时弥补导向轴在偏摆时产生的间隙，并有效地过滤钻井液中的固体颗粒，防止固体颗粒沉积阻碍导向轴的摆动。During steerable drilling, the flexible deformation of the metal sealing bellows 4 makes the sealing structure oscillate with the guide shaft, thereby ensuring the stability of the connecting ring 3 and the pressure balance mechanism, and reducing the floating of the sealing ring. Elasticity requirements reduce the friction and wear damage and improve the overall performance. In addition, the axial deformation of the spring 10 and the metal sealing bellows 4 also play a certain role in shock absorption and buffering, which is also very beneficial for maintaining the relative stability of the high-pressure sealing surface . The elastic gauze 12 has good follow-up compensation, which can timely make up the gap produced by the guide shaft when it deflects, and effectively filter the solid particles in the drilling fluid to prevent the deposition of solid particles from hindering the swing of the guide shaft.
在整个导向钻进过程中，压力补偿机构都时时对井下钻井液压力做出相应变化，通过活塞9的移动调节密封结构两侧压力差保持在设计要求之内，提高了密封结构寿命和性能。During the whole process of directional drilling, the pressure compensation mechanism makes corresponding changes to the downhole drilling fluid pressure from time to time, and the pressure difference on both sides of the sealing structure is adjusted by the movement of the piston 9 to keep within the design requirements, which improves the life and performance of the sealing structure.
Claims (4)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109323004A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-12 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | A kind of reduction clearance leakage structure with transitional pressure chamber |
| CN111971495A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-11-20 | 法国原子能源和替代能源委员会 | Metal seal assembly for sealing between rotating shaft and stationary frame |
| CN112536732A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-23 | 格力电器（武汉）有限公司 | Tool for plugging interface of closed container |
| CN113622833A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of downhole oil pressure compensation dynamic sealing device and method based on bellows |
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| CN101696729A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-04-21 | 刘宝林 | Combined sealing structure of combined sealing device and steering drilling tool |
| CN205173488U (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 西安石油大学 | Composite seal mechanism with pressure compensation |
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2015
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2973978A (en) * | 1957-08-21 | 1961-03-07 | North American Aviation Inc | Bimaterial back-up ring |
| SU1665031A1 (en) * | 1989-07-20 | 1991-07-23 | Специальное Конструкторское Бюро Гидроимпульсной Техники Со Ан Ссср | Well completion unit |
| CN2545352Y (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-04-16 | 胜利石油管理局钻井工程技术公司 | Rotary guide for drilling |
| CN101696729A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2010-04-21 | 刘宝林 | Combined sealing structure of combined sealing device and steering drilling tool |
| CN205173488U (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 西安石油大学 | Composite seal mechanism with pressure compensation |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111971495A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2020-11-20 | 法国原子能源和替代能源委员会 | Metal seal assembly for sealing between rotating shaft and stationary frame |
| CN109323004A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-02-12 | 中国航发西安动力控制科技有限公司 | A kind of reduction clearance leakage structure with transitional pressure chamber |
| CN112536732A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-23 | 格力电器（武汉）有限公司 | Tool for plugging interface of closed container |
| CN113622833A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of downhole oil pressure compensation dynamic sealing device and method based on bellows |
| CN113622833B (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Underground oil pressure compensation dynamic sealing device and method based on corrugated pipe |
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|---|---|
| CN105333156B (en) | 2017-08-25 |
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