The down-hole discharger that is used for de-plugging of well
The invention belongs to a kind of down-hole discharger that is used for de-plugging of well.
Therefore oil well is along with the well growth in age, and underground working is variation gradually, and blockage phenomenon influences normally fuel-displacedly, need carry out de-plugging, to recover the oil productive capacity of oil well.The technology that is used for de-plugging of well has multiple, as blast de-plugging, hydraulic oscillation or jet de-plugging, electric heating de-plugging, ultrasonic wave de-plugging, discharge de-plugging etc.The principle of discharge de-plugging is, the electric energy that is stored in the high-voltage capacitor is discharged to the discharging gap that places down-hole liquid apace by gauge tap, utilize electric hammer effect in liquid, to form powerful compression wave, in the extremely short time, propagate in the formation at target locations reservoir rock, realize de-plugging.The ubiquitous problem of block releasing technique of discharging up to now is very big at discharge energy, and when compression wave was very strong, the critical component of down-hole discharger---insulator was easy to because of strong mechanical shock destroys, thereby has a strong impact on the reliability and the life-span of discharger.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel down-hole discharger that is used for de-plugging of well, thereby slow down the mechanical shock that the discharger insulator is subjected to effectively, improved the life-span of down-hole discharger greatly.
This purpose is to realize with following technical proposal: it mainly is made up of high-voltage capacitor and the discharger that is made of gauge tap and liquid discharging gap, wherein the liquid discharging gap is to be made of buffering liquid discharging gap and main liquid discharging gap, the buffering liquid discharging gap is arranged between gauge tap and the main liquid discharging gap, gauge tap gap, buffering liquid discharging gap, main liquid discharging gap are composed in series successively, and the length of buffering liquid discharging gap is tried one's best less than the length of main liquid discharging gap.The electrode of buffering liquid discharging gap with between the insulator of supporting electrode contact, be provided with the cushion pad of the big axial displacement of permission between the contacting of insulator and ground electrode.Gauge tap adopts self breakdown type gas switch.
Because the present invention adopts a main liquid discharging gap, to guarantee producing strong as far as possible compression wave for given discharge energy, adopt a buffering liquid discharging gap, it is in series placing on the circuit between main liquid discharging gap and the gauge tap, the length of buffering liquid discharging gap is significantly less than the length of main liquid discharging gap, because the energy that is released in the discharge process in the discharge channel is directly proportional approx with the length in gap, and pressure wave amplitude increases and strengthens significantly with the energy that is released in the discharge channel, therefore, this buffering liquid discharging gap has been arranged, both can form current path, and can isolate the intense mechanical of transmitting to the insulator of discharger from main liquid discharging gap district again and impact by means of its discharge.The down-hole discharger that is followed in series to form by gauge tap, buffering liquid discharging gap, main liquid discharging gap has not only guaranteed to obtain to greatest extent strong pressure wave, and the technological difficulties that the insulator as the discharger critical component destroys because of strong mechanical shock, the life-span of having improved the down-hole discharger have significantly been overcome.
Provide one embodiment of the present of invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is an overall structure sectional front view of the present invention.
Referring to shown in Figure 1: the monnolithic case of this discharger is one cylindrical substantially, its upper end is a high pressure energy-storage capacitor 1, it adopts and discharger coaxial cylindrical both-end high-voltage terminal structure, and electrode 2 is ends of capacitor high-field electrode in it, and shell is a high pressure energy-storage capacitor ground electrode 3; What be connected in series with electrode 2 in the high pressure energy-storage capacitor and ground electrode 3 is self breakdown type gas control switch, wherein two sealing insulators on the tubular ground electrode 4 (shell) of self breakdown type gas control switch and the sparking electrode 2,6 14 form an air cavity, and electrode 2 forms a gas control switch gap 5 with sparking electrode 6 in the inner high voltage energy-storage capacitor of chamber; What be connected in series mutually with self breakdown type gas control switch is the liquid discharging gap, and the liquid discharging gap is made of two parts, buffering liquid discharging gap and main liquid discharging gap.Wherein the buffering liquid discharging gap directly is connected in series with the gauge tap gap, the formation of buffering liquid discharging gap is, mouse cage shape ground electrode 12 by the insulator 11 of the insulator 14 of sparking electrode 6 and sparking electrode 13 and buffering liquid discharging gap forms a buffering sap cavity, in the chamber then by forming buffering liquid discharging gap 7 with shared buffering liquid sparking electrode 6 and the sparking electrode 13 of gas control switch sparking electrode; Main liquid discharging gap is serially connected with on the buffering liquid discharging gap, its formation is that the mouse cage shape ground electrode 10 by the insulator 11 of sparking electrode 13 and main liquid discharging gap forms a main liquid cavity (mouse cage shape ground electrode is efficiently to spread out of for strong pressure wave), in the chamber then by forming main liquid discharging gap 8 with shared main liquid sparking electrode 13 of buffering liquid discharging gap and the main liquid ground electrode 9 that discharges.The high pressure energy-storage capacitor is connected by changeover portion 15 (as ground electrode) with discharger.The other end of capacitor high-field electrode is connected with high voltage charging power supply.The down-hole discharger is cylindrical, is slightly less than oil well well casing internal diameter from the footpath.If the voltage on the high pressure energy-storage capacitor (capacitor is called for short in the back) is lower than rated value, gas control switch keeps state of insulation, when capacitor is charged to rated value, and discharging gap 5 self breakdowns, so pulse high-voltage is added on the electrode 6, cause liquid discharging gap 7 and 8 to puncture rapidly successively.The repid discharge loop is via electrode 2 in the capacitor high pressure, gauge tap gas discharge gap 5, buffering liquid discharging gap 7, main liquid discharging gap 8, ground electrode 9,10,12,4,15,3 and form.Because the length of buffering liquid discharging gap 7 is significantly less than the length of main liquid discharging gap 8 (length that experiment shows discharging gap 7 is advisable with half of the length that is no more than discharging gap 8), when therefore discharging, most of energy is released in the discharging gap 8, and the energy that consumes in the discharging gap 7 is few.The introducing of discharging gap 7 has not only been played the electrical connection effect but also has been isolated strong mechanical shock, efficiently solves the difficult problem of down-hole discharger structure member rapid wear.Meanwhile, strong mechanical shock is damaged insulator 11 when preventing discharging gap 8 discharge, at sparking electrode 13 and insulator 11, the cushion pad that allows big axial displacement all is housed between insulator 11 and the mouse cage shape ground electrode 12, they match with the effect of buffering liquid discharging gap 7, anti-mechanical shock effect is very remarkable, has improved the life-span of down-hole discharger greatly.
