CN105313709A - An energy management system for a hybrid power tramcar - Google Patents
An energy management system for a hybrid power tramcar Download PDFInfo
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- CN105313709A CN105313709A CN201510176373.9A CN201510176373A CN105313709A CN 105313709 A CN105313709 A CN 105313709A CN 201510176373 A CN201510176373 A CN 201510176373A CN 105313709 A CN105313709 A CN 105313709A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于混合动力有轨电车的能量管理系统，其包括牵引母线、超级电容、蓄电池、燃料电池和控制器。所述超级电容通过第一双向DC/DC变换器连接于所述牵引母线；所述蓄电池通过第二双向DC/DC变换器连接于所述牵引母线；所述燃料电池通过控制模块连接于所述牵引母线，所述控制模块包括二极管、第一单向DC/DC变换器和开关，所述开关与所述第一单向DC/DC变换器相互并联，所述开关与所述第一单向DC/DC变换器的第一共同节点与所述牵引母线相连，所述开关与所述第一单向DC/DC变换器的第二共同节点与所述二极管相连，所述二极管与所述燃料电池相连；所述控制器根据有轨电车的状态控制超级电容、蓄电池和燃料电池与牵引母线的能量传递，以驱动牵引电机。
The invention discloses an energy management system for a hybrid tram, which includes a traction bus, a super capacitor, a storage battery, a fuel cell and a controller. The supercapacitor is connected to the traction bus through a first bidirectional DC/DC converter; the battery is connected to the traction bus through a second bidirectional DC/DC converter; the fuel cell is connected to the traction bus through a control module Traction bus, the control module includes a diode, a first unidirectional DC/DC converter and a switch, the switch is connected in parallel with the first unidirectional DC/DC converter, and the switch is connected to the first unidirectional The first common node of the DC/DC converter is connected to the traction bus, the second common node of the switch and the first unidirectional DC/DC converter is connected to the diode, and the diode is connected to the fuel The battery is connected; the controller controls the energy transfer between the supercapacitor, the storage battery and the fuel cell and the traction bus according to the state of the tram, so as to drive the traction motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybrid power system technical field, be specifically related to a kind of energy management system for hybrid power tramway train.
Background technology
The power generation assembly that the many employings of traction power supply mode are directly powered or power is larger of tramway train of the prior art is its power supply.Wherein, power generation assembly mostly is fuel cell.But fuel cell start-up speed is slow, and the reaction time reaching its maximum power is longer, thus make traction electric machine start slowly, meanwhile, the sudden change of tramway train tractive output in the process of moving also can reduce the service life of fuel cell.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of energy management system for hybrid power tramway train, to solve because fuel cell start-up speed slowly makes traction electric machine start problem slowly, meanwhile, the sudden change solving tramway train tractive output in the process of moving also can reduce the problem in the service life of fuel cell.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of energy management system for hybrid power tramway train, described hybrid power tramway train comprises traction electric machine, it is characterized in that, described energy management system comprises:
Traction bus, for providing electric energy for described traction electric machine;
Super capacitor, described super capacitor is connected to described traction bus by the first two-way DC/DC changer;
Storage battery, described storage battery is connected to described traction bus by the second two-way DC/DC changer;
Fuel cell, described fuel cell is connected to described traction bus by control module, described control module comprises diode, the first unidirectional DC/DC changer and switch, described switch and described first unidirectional DC/DC changer parallel with one another, described switch is connected with described traction bus with the first common node of described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, described switch is connected with described diode with the second common node of described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, and described diode is connected with described fuel cell; And
Controller, for detecting the state of described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell, receive the status signal representing described hybrid power tramway train state, and control the energy transferring of described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell and described traction bus respectively according to described state and described status signal, to drive described traction electric machine.
In one embodiment, described energy management system also comprises braking resistor, described braking resistor is connected with described traction bus by the second unidirectional DC/DC changer, when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, described controller starts described second unidirectional DC/DC changer, makes described braking resistor consume braking electric energy on described traction bus.
In one embodiment, described energy management system also comprises the fuel cell ancillary system be connected with described second common node, for after system starts, fuel needed for fuel cell is injected described fuel cell.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises switch control module, converter control module and detection module; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train starts to start, described switch control module closes described switch, with the first unidirectional DC/DC changer described in short circuit; And, described converter control module controls described second two-way DC/DC changer and the electric energy of described storage battery is sent to described fuel cell ancillary system by described second two-way DC/DC changer, described traction bus and described switch, thus starts described fuel cell; Described detection module detects the voltage of described fuel cell, and when described fuel battery voltage rises to threshold voltage, described detection module sends the first detection signal to described switch control module and described converter control module; Described switch control module disconnects described switch according to described first detection signal, close described second two-way DC/DC changer, and open described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, now, electric energy flows through described diode, described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described traction bus from described fuel cell, thinks that described traction electric machine is powered.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises switch control module and converter control module; When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, described switch control module disconnects described switch, and, described converter control module opens described first two-way DC/DC changer and described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, now, described super capacitor and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly.
In one embodiment, described controller also comprises detection module; When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, described detection module detects the SOC value of described super capacitor, when described SOC value is less than the first default SOC value, described detection module sends the second detection signal, described converter control module opens described second two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, now, described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly; When described SOC value is less than the second default SOC value, described converter control module closes described first two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, and open described second two-way DC/DC changer, now, described storage battery and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train stops accelerating, described converter control module closes described first two-way DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, now, described fuel cell is powered for described traction electric machine separately.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described super capacitor; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of described super capacitor is less than the 3rd default SOC value, described converter control module controls described first two-way DC/DC changer, the electric energy of described fuel cell is made to flow through described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described first two-way DC/DC changer, to give the charging of described super capacitor.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described storage battery; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of described storage battery is less than the 4th default SOC value, described converter control module controls described second two-way DC/DC changer, the electric energy of described fuel cell is made to flow through described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer, to give described battery charge.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described storage battery and described super capacitor; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, when the SOC value of described storage battery is greater than the 4th default SOC value, and, when the SOC value of described super capacitor is greater than the 3rd default SOC value, described converter control module controls described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, reduces the horsepower output of described fuel cell.
In one embodiment, described controller comprises converter control module and auxiliary power supply system, and described auxiliary power supply system is connected with described traction bus; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, described converter control module controls described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, make the power that the horsepower output of described fuel cell equals needed for described auxiliary power supply system, and, described converter control module controls described first two-way DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer, make the electric energy of described traction electric machine flow to described super capacitor and described storage battery by described traction bus, think described super capacitor and described battery charge.
Compared with prior art, fuel cell, super capacitor and storage battery actv. combine by energy management system of the present invention, according to traction electric car starting, accelerate, at the uniform velocity with the feature under the state such as braking, control fuel cell, super capacitor and storage battery and traction electric energy is provided, compensate for slow due to fuel cell start-up and acceleration that is that cause is slow thus, improve starting efficiency.In addition, super capacitor and storage battery serve complementary effect, and supplement the deficiency of fuel cell, in fuel cell energy on the low side or when breaking down in time for traction electric machine is powered, thus improve the reliability of energy management system.In addition, under braking mode, utilize storage battery and super capacitor to absorb unnecessary braking energy, saved energy, it also avoid the damage of excess energy to fuel cell, thus extend the life-span of fuel cell.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that according to an embodiment of the invention for the energy management system of hybrid power tramway train.
Figure 2 shows that the constructional drawing of controller according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 3 shows that according to an embodiment of the invention for the energy management method diagram of circuit of hybrid power tramway train.
Figure 4 shows that energy management method diagram of circuit under start-up mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 shows that at the uniform velocity energy management method diagram of circuit under pattern according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 6 shows that energy management method diagram of circuit under braking mode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below will provide detailed description to embodiments of the invention.Although the present invention will carry out setting forth and illustrating in conjunction with some detailed description of the invention, it should be noted that the present invention is not merely confined to these embodiments.On the contrary, the amendment carry out the present invention or equivalent replacement, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
In addition, in order to better the present invention is described, in detailed description of the invention hereafter, give numerous details.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that do not have these details, the present invention can implement equally.In other example, known method, flow process, element and circuit are not described in detail, so that highlight purport of the present invention.
Figure 1 shows that according to an embodiment of the invention for the energy management system 100 of hybrid power tramway train.This hybrid power tramway train comprises traction electric machine 114.Traction electric machine 114 power consumption is to produce traction kinetic energy.Energy management system 100 comprises traction bus 110, three-phase inverter 112, super capacitor 102, storage battery 104, fuel cell 106 and controller 130.Traction bus 110 is connected with traction electric machine 114 by three-phase inverter 112.At work, three-phase inverter 112 can absorb energy, for traction electric machine 114 is powered from traction bus 110; The power conversion of traction electric machine 114 also can be that electric energy discharges into traction bus 110 by three-phase inverter 112.
Super capacitor 102 is connected with traction bus 110 by the first two-way DC/DC changer 122.Super capacitor 102 relies on double electrode layer and Redox pseudocapacitance charge storage electric energy, and super capacitor 102 can repeated charge.Storage battery 104 is connected to traction bus 110 by the second two-way DC/DC changer 124.Fuel cell 106 is connected to traction bus 110 by control module 150.Control module 150 comprises diode 126, first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and K switch.K switch and the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 parallel with one another.K switch is connected with traction bus 110 with the first common node of the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128.K switch is connected with diode 126 with the second common node of the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, and diode 126 is connected with fuel cell 106.Energy management system 100 also comprises the fuel cell ancillary system 108 be connected with described second common node, for after system starts, fuel needed for fuel cell 106 is injected fuel cell 106.Controller 130 is connected with other elements of energy management system 100.Controller 130 detects the state of super capacitor 102, storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106, receive the status signal representing described hybrid power tramway train state, and control super capacitor 102, storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 and the energy transferring drawing bus 110 respectively, to drive traction electric machine 114 according to the state of battery status in system and hybrid power tramway train.
Figure 2 shows that the constructional drawing of controller 130 according to an embodiment of the invention.In one embodiment, controller 130 comprises tramway train monitoring module 201, switch control module 202, converter control module 204 and detection module 206.Tramway train monitoring module 201 receives the status signal representing described hybrid power tramway train state.The state of tramway train comprises starting state, acceleration mode, at the uniform velocity motoring condition and braking mode.
When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train starts to start, described switch control module 202 closes described switch, with the unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 of short circuit first.Converter control module 204 controls the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 and the electric energy of storage battery 104 is sent to fuel cell ancillary system 108 by the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, traction bus 110 and K switch, thus starting fluid battery 106.Detection module 206 detects the voltage of fuel cell 106.When fuel cell 106 voltage rises to threshold voltage, detection module 206 sends the first detection signal to switch control module 202 and converter control module 204.Switch control module 204 is according to the first detection signal cut-off switch K, close the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, and open the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, now, electric energy flows through the unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 of diode 126, first and traction bus 110 from fuel cell 106, thinks that traction electric machine 114 is powered.
When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, switch control module 202 cut-off switch K, and, converter control module 204 opens the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 and the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, now, super capacitor 102 and fuel cell 106 are powered for traction electric machine 114 jointly.When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, detection module 206 detects the SOC value of super capacitor 102, and when described SOC value is less than the first default SOC value, detection module 206 sends the second detection signal.In one embodiment, electric current and voltage by detecting super capacitor 102 can draw the SOC value of super capacitor 102.Advantage is, described SOC value is less than first and presets traction electric machine 114 power demand when SOC value represents that super capacitor 102 and fuel cell 106 cannot meet acceleration, therefore opens storage battery 104 electric energy supplement.
Converter control module 204 opens the second two-way DC/DC changer 120 according to described second detection signal, and now, super capacitor 102, storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 are powered for traction electric machine 114 jointly; When described SOC value is less than the second default SOC value, converter control module 204 closes the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 according to described second detection signal, and open the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, now, storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 are powered for traction electric machine 114 jointly.Advantage is, the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is less than the second default SOC value and represents that super capacitor 102 is in under-voltage condition, therefore, closes super capacitor 102, avoids because super capacitor 102 is owed electricity and causes damage to super capacitor 102.Meanwhile, the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 is regulated to make the horsepower output of storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 meet traction electric machine 114 power demand when accelerating.
When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train stops accelerating, converter control module 204 closes the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 and the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, and now, fuel cell 106 is powered for traction electric machine 114 separately.That is, when hybrid power tramway train stops accelerating, required horsepower output reduces, and therefore, only uses fuel cell 106 just can meet hybrid power tramway train and travels at the uniform speed.
In one embodiment, detection module 206 detects the SOC value of super capacitor 102.At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is less than the 3rd default SOC value, converter control module 204 controls the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, make the electric energy of fuel cell 106 flow through the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, charge to give super capacitor 102.In one embodiment, the SOC value of super capacitor 102 be less than the 3rd preset SOC value represent super capacitor 102 store electricity less than.Therefore, fuel cell 106 is allowed to charge to super capacitor 102.
At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of storage battery 104 is less than the 4th default SOC value, converter control module 204 controls the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, make the electric energy of fuel cell 106 flow through the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, charge with accumulators 104.
Detection module 206 detects the SOC value of storage battery 104 and super capacitor 102.At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, when the SOC value of storage battery 104 is greater than the 4th default SOC value, and, when the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is greater than the 3rd default SOC value, converter control module 204 controls the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, reduces the horsepower output of fuel cell 106.In one embodiment, the SOC value of storage battery 104 is greater than the 4th and presets SOC value and the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is greater than the 3rd presets SOC value and represent that storage battery 104 and super capacitor 102 are all full of electricity, therefore, the charging and discharging circuit of storage battery 104 and super capacitor 102 is closed.
In one embodiment, energy management system 100 comprises auxiliary power supply system 118.Auxiliary power supply system 118 is connected with traction bus 110.When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, converter control module 204 controls the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, make the power that the horsepower output of fuel cell 106 equals needed for auxiliary power supply system 118, and, converter control module controls the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 and the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, make the electric energy of traction electric machine 114 flow to super capacitor 102 and storage battery 104 by traction bus 110, think that super capacitor 102 and storage battery 104 charge.That is, when described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, regulates and make the horsepower output of fuel cell 106 only meet auxiliary power supply system 118.Three-phase inverter 112 absorbs the kinetic energy of traction electric machine 114, and be converted to electric energy be discharged into traction bus 110.Now, super capacitor 102 and storage battery 104 are for reclaiming the electric energy of traction bus 110.
In one embodiment, energy management system 100 also comprises braking resistor 116.Braking resistor 116 is connected with traction bus 110 by the second unidirectional DC/DC changer 120, when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, converter control module 204 starts the second unidirectional DC/DC changer 120, makes the braking electric energy on braking resistor 116 consumption traction bus 110.Advantage is, arranges braking resistor 116 and can consume the braking electric energy drawn on bus 110 when super capacitor 102 and storage battery 104 have been full of electricity.
Figure 3 shows that according to an embodiment of the invention for the energy management method diagram of circuit 300 of hybrid power tramway train.Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 2 are described by Fig. 3.
In step 301, energy management system 100 starts to start.Now, receive the status signal representing described hybrid power tramway train state, and select energy management modes according to described status signal, described energy management modes comprises start-up mode, aero mode, at the uniform velocity pattern and braking mode.
In step 302 is to 332, the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, second two-way DC/DC changer 124, first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and K switch is controlled according to described energy management modes, with the energy transferring controlling super capacitor 102, storage battery 104, fuel cell 106 and draw between bus 110, to drive traction electric machine 114.
In step 302, fuel cell start-up, therefore, energy management system 100 enters start-up mode, and diagram of circuit 300 enters step 304.Under described start-up mode, if the SOC value of fuel cell 106 is greater than second preset SOC value (illustrating that fuel cell 106 is in non-under-voltage condition), then fuel cell 106 state is normal.Otherwise enter step 306.Within step 306, control the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 and storage battery 104 is communicated with described traction bus 110, and again enter step 304.Now, energy management system 100 performs the method for Fig. 4, starting fluid battery 106.In following mode of operation, when fuel cell 106 occurs abnormal, closing the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and open the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, to cut out fuel cell 106, making storage battery 106 provide electric energy for drawing bus 110 simultaneously.
Figure 4 shows that energy management method diagram of circuit 400 under start-up mode according to an embodiment of the invention.In step 402, close switch K, with the unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 of short circuit first.Now, control the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 and the electric energy of storage battery 104 is sent to fuel cell ancillary system 108 by the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, traction bus 110 and K switch, fuel needed for fuel cell is injected fuel cell 106 by fuel cell ancillary system.In a step 406, the voltage of fuel cell 106 increases.In a step 408, the voltage of fuel cell 106 is detected.When the voltage of fuel cell 106 rises to the 2nd SOC preset value (i.e. rated voltage), cut-off switch K, close the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, and, open the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, now, electric energy flows through the unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 of diode 126, first to traction bus 110 from fuel cell 106, thinks that traction electric machine 114 is powered.
Get back to Fig. 3, in step 316, hybrid power tramway train is in acceleration mode, and now, energy management system 100 enters aero mode.When the multistage Acceleration Signal receiving driver and send, because fuel cell 106 toggle speed is slower, from starting to, the maximum power output time is longer, now utilize the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, fuel cell is dropped into traction bus, fuel cell 106 responds requirement, improves fuel cell output power step by step, such as: the dutycycle regulating the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, the electric energy power drawing bus 110 can be outputted to by fuel metering battery 106.
In step 318, disconnect described switch, open described first two-way DC/DC changer and described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, now, described super capacitor and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly.What deserves to be explained is, because fuel cell 106 response time is longer, now utilize the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 by super capacitor 102 input coefficient, utilize it to start rapidly, the feature that discharge and recharge is fast, accelerates vehicle.Now, the horsepower output of hybrid power system determines by designing tramway train maximum torque, and in this period, tramway train is operated in permanent torque district.After fuel cell 106 reaches maximum output power, fuel cell 106 and super capacitor 102, simultaneously with maximum power output, maintain the Accelerating running of tramway train.Now, tramway train is operated in invariable power district, and the tractive output of tramway train is provided jointly by fuel cell 106 and super capacitor 102.The pull-up torque that permanent torque district and the invariable power district change-over point speed of a motor vehicle and acceleration/accel determine is maximum pull-up torque, and in accelerator, tramway train torque will constantly reduce thereafter.
In step 324, the SOC value detecting super capacitor 102 (uses SOC
sCrepresent).If SOC
sCbe less than first and preset SOC value SOC
sC0, illustrate that super capacitor 102 is in normal condition, but energy supply cannot meet acceleration needs.Therefore, in step 328, open the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 and storage battery 104 is cut traction bus 110, now, super capacitor 102, storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 are powered for traction electric machine 114 jointly.When the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is lower than expectation value SOC
sC0time, utilize the second two-way DC/DC changer 124 by storage battery 104 with maximum output power input coefficient, in this period, super capacitor 102 is still for traction electric machine 114 provides energy.Now, fuel cell 106 and storage battery 104 are simultaneously with maximum power output, and super capacitor 102 exports with smaller power, maintain the accelerator of tramway train.Now tramway train is operated in natural characteristic district.
In a step 330, SOC value SOC is preset when described SOC value is less than second
mintime (representing that the electricity of super capacitor 102 is positioned at below protection electricity); then enter step 332; close the first two-way DC/DC changer 122; and open the second two-way DC/DC changer 122; now; storage battery 104 and fuel cell 106 are powered for traction electric machine 114 jointly, and first presets SOC value is greater than the second SOC value.More particularly, when super capacitor 102 electricity is reduced to protection electricity, when namely the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is reduced to protection value SOCmin, controls the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 and super capacitor 102 is cut out traction bus 110.Now, fuel cell 106 and storage battery 104, simultaneously with maximum power output, maintain the accelerator of tramway train, until reach the max speed.
Figure 5 shows that at the uniform velocity energy management method diagram of circuit 500 under pattern according to an embodiment of the invention.In step 502, vehicle acceleration completes, then start at the uniform velocity to travel, and now, energy management system 100 enters at the uniform velocity pattern.In step 504, close the first two-way DC/DC changer 122 and the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, now, fuel cell 106 is powered for traction electric machine 114 separately.
In step 506, the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is detected.In step 508, when the SOC value of super capacitor 102 be less than the 3rd preset SOC value time (representing super capacitor 102 underfill), control the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, make the electric energy of fuel cell 106 flow through the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, charge to give super capacitor 102.Otherwise, enter step 512.
In step 512, the SOC value of storage battery 104 is detected.In the step 514, when the SOC value of storage battery 104 is less than the 4th default SOC value, then enter step 516, control the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, make the electric energy of fuel cell 106 flow through the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128 and the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, charge with accumulators 104.Otherwise, enter step 518.
In step 518, namely when the SOC value of storage battery 104 is greater than the 4th default SOC value, and, when the SOC value of super capacitor 102 is greater than the 3rd default SOC value, control the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, reduce the horsepower output of fuel cell 106.
Figure 6 shows that energy management method diagram of circuit 600 under braking mode according to an embodiment of the invention.In step 602, braking mode is entered.Now, control the first unidirectional DC/DC changer 128, make the power that the horsepower output of fuel cell 106 equals needed for auxiliary power supply system 118.In step 604, brake range increases.In step 606, if the SOC value SOC of super capacitor 102
sCbe less than SOC
uP(representing super capacitor 102 underfill), then control the first two-way DC/DC changer 122, make the electric energy of traction electric machine 114 flow to super capacitor 102 by traction bus 110, charge for super capacitor 102 to enter step 608.
In step 612, if the SOC value SOC of storage battery 104
bbe less than SOC
bUP(representing storage battery 104 underfill), then control the second two-way DC/DC changer 124, make the electric energy of traction electric machine 114 flow to super capacitor 102 and storage battery 104, to enter step 614, for storage battery 104 charges by traction bus 110.
In step 616, brake range continues to increase, then start the second unidirectional DC/DC changer 120, makes the braking electric energy on braking resistor 116 consumption traction bus 110.
In step 620, SOC
sCbe greater than SOC
uP(showing that super capacitor 102 is full of), then enter step 622, super capacitor 102 is cut out traction bus 110.
In step 624, SOC
bbe greater than SOC
bUP(representing storage battery 104 underfill), then enter step 626, storage battery 104 is cut out traction bus 110.
Advantage is, fuel cell, super capacitor and storage battery actv. combine by energy management system of the present invention and method, according to traction electric car starting, accelerate, at the uniform velocity with the feature under the state such as braking, control fuel cell, super capacitor and storage battery and traction electric energy is provided, compensate for slow due to fuel cell start-up and acceleration that is that cause is slow thus, improve starting efficiency.In addition, super capacitor and storage battery serve complementation, and supplement the deficiency of fuel cell, in fuel cell energy on the low side or when breaking down in time for traction electric machine is powered, thus improve the reliability of energy management system.In addition, under braking mode, utilize storage battery and super capacitor to absorb unnecessary braking energy, saved energy, it also avoid the damage of excess energy to system.
Detailed description of the invention and accompanying drawing are only the conventional embodiment of the present invention above.Obviously, various supplement, amendment and replacement can be had under the prerequisite not departing from the present invention's spirit that claims define and invention scope.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention can change in form, structure, layout, ratio, material, element, assembly and other side under the prerequisite not deviating from invention criterion according to concrete environment and job requirement in actual applications to some extent.Therefore, be only illustrative rather than definitive thereof in the embodiment of this disclosure, the scope of the present invention is defined by appended claim and legal equivalents thereof, and is not limited thereto front description.
Claims (10)
1., for an energy management system for hybrid power tramway train, described hybrid power tramway train comprises traction electric machine, it is characterized in that, described energy management system comprises:
Traction bus, for providing electric energy for described traction electric machine;
Super capacitor, described super capacitor is connected to described traction bus by the first two-way DC/DC changer;
Storage battery, described storage battery is connected to described traction bus by the second two-way DC/DC changer;
Fuel cell, described fuel cell is connected to described traction bus by control module, described control module comprises diode, the first unidirectional DC/DC changer and switch, described switch and described first unidirectional DC/DC changer parallel with one another, described switch is connected with described traction bus with the first common node of described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, described switch is connected with described diode with the second common node of described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, and described diode is connected with described fuel cell; And
Controller, for detecting the state of described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell, receive the status signal representing described hybrid power tramway train state, and control the energy transferring of described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell and described traction bus respectively according to described state and described status signal, to drive described traction electric machine.
2. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described energy management system also comprises braking resistor, described braking resistor is connected with described traction bus by the second unidirectional DC/DC changer, when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, described controller starts described second unidirectional DC/DC changer, makes described braking resistor consume braking electric energy on described traction bus.
3. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described energy management system also comprises the fuel cell ancillary system be connected with described second common node, for after system starts, fuel needed for fuel cell is injected described fuel cell.
4. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises switch control module, converter control module and detection module; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train starts to start, described switch control module closes described switch, with the first unidirectional DC/DC changer described in short circuit; And, described converter control module controls described second two-way DC/DC changer and the electric energy of described storage battery is sent to described fuel cell ancillary system by described second two-way DC/DC changer, described traction bus and described switch, thus starts described fuel cell; Described detection module detects the voltage of described fuel cell, and when described fuel battery voltage rises to threshold voltage, described detection module sends the first detection signal to described switch control module and described converter control module; Described switch control module disconnects described switch according to described first detection signal, close described second two-way DC/DC changer, and open described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, now, electric energy flows through described diode, described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described traction bus from described fuel cell, thinks that described traction electric machine is powered.
5. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises switch control module and converter control module; When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, described switch control module disconnects described switch, and, described converter control module opens described first two-way DC/DC changer and described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, now, described super capacitor and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly.
6. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described controller also comprises detection module; When described status signal represents described hybrid power tramway train Accelerating running, described detection module detects the SOC value of described super capacitor, when described SOC value is less than the first default SOC value, described detection module sends the second detection signal, described converter control module opens described second two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, now, described super capacitor, described storage battery and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly; When described SOC value is less than the second default SOC value, described converter control module closes described first two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, and open described second two-way DC/DC changer, now, described storage battery and described fuel cell are powered for described traction electric machine jointly; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train stops accelerating, described converter control module closes described first two-way DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer according to described second detection signal, now, described fuel cell is powered for described traction electric machine separately.
7. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described super capacitor; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of described super capacitor is less than the 3rd default SOC value, described converter control module controls described first two-way DC/DC changer, the electric energy of described fuel cell is made to flow through described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described first two-way DC/DC changer, to give the charging of described super capacitor.
8. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described storage battery; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, and, when the SOC value of described storage battery is less than the 4th default SOC value, described converter control module controls described second two-way DC/DC changer, the electric energy of described fuel cell is made to flow through described first unidirectional DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer, to give described battery charge.
9. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises converter control module and detection module; Described detection module detects the SOC value of described storage battery and described super capacitor; At the uniform velocity travel when described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in, when the SOC value of described storage battery is greater than the 4th default SOC value, and, when the SOC value of described super capacitor is greater than the 3rd default SOC value, described converter control module controls described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, reduces the horsepower output of described fuel cell.
10. the energy management system for hybrid power tramway train according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises converter control module and auxiliary power supply system, and described auxiliary power supply system is connected with described traction bus; When described status signal represents that described hybrid power tramway train is in braking mode, described converter control module controls described first unidirectional DC/DC changer, make the power that the horsepower output of described fuel cell equals needed for described auxiliary power supply system, and, described converter control module controls described first two-way DC/DC changer and described second two-way DC/DC changer, make the electric energy of described traction electric machine flow to described super capacitor and described storage battery by described traction bus, think described super capacitor and described battery charge.
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