CN105298488A - Method for testing flow conductivity in discontinuous filling mode - Google Patents
Method for testing flow conductivity in discontinuous filling mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN105298488A CN105298488A CN201510880631.1A CN201510880631A CN105298488A CN 105298488 A CN105298488 A CN 105298488A CN 201510880631 A CN201510880631 A CN 201510880631A CN 105298488 A CN105298488 A CN 105298488A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the flow conductivity under a discontinuous filling mode, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a proppant sand column test piece in accordance with the discontinuous filling mode in a pulse fracturing hydraulic artificial fracture, then placing the prepared proppant sand column test piece into a flow guide chamber according to the discontinuous laying mode, forming simulated fracture grooves in spaces among the proppant sand column test pieces, carrying out discontinuous support on simulated fractures through the proppant sand column test piece, and forming a fluid circulation channel by the proppant sand column test piece which is discontinuously laid; setting experiment parameters according to actual stratum conditions, simulating discontinuous support fractures under the stratum conditions, collecting test results under different conditions, and calculating to obtain the flow conductivity of the discontinuous support fractures of the pulse fracturing. The method can truly reflect the deformation process of the proppant sand column under the action of the stratum closed stress in the discontinuous sand paving mode in the pulse fracturing process, and describe the influence of the change of the sand paving mode on the flow conductivity of the crack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Lab-evaluation and the method for testing of the discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy in oilfield exploitation procedure.
Background technology
Discontinuous sanding mode refers in Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs reservoir reconstruction process, adopts specialty fibers material and fracturing fluid system, adds in conjunction with pulsed the discontinuous laid mode of proppant sand post that sand formed to discontinuity infusion load fluid in artificial hydraulic fracture.Reconstruction in field experience shows, more traditional adds sand mode continuously, and pulse pressure break noncontinuity sanding mode can obtain neighbour well with the higher output of layer, and required fracturing fluid and the more conventional pressure break of proppant lower.The supporting crack formed due to pulsed sand fracturing restricts by formation rock mechanics parameter, and can the supporting crack therefore under discontinuous filling method ensure that in the effect of formation closure pressure and fluid erosion process the high efficiency of flow conductivity is the key problem in technology of this technique.By the testing and analyzing of discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy, it is the basis optimizing pulse fracturing parameter.Therefore the flow conductivity test carried out in simulation man-made fracture under noncontinuity sanding mode is necessary and urgent.
There is following obviously limitation in the method for testing and analyzing of current simulation supporting crack:
(1) adopt continuous sanding mode, only can investigate routine and add gained supporting crack flow conductivity under sand mode continuously, the analysis of pulse pressure break discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy can not be met.
(2) test investigation factor and do not consider the on-the-spot actual row of returning test case, the stability of proppant pack under the effect of formation closure pressure and fluid erosion effect when namely cannot investigate consistent with on-site actual situations.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above that prior art exists, flow conductivity method of testing under a kind of discontinuous filling method is provided.The present invention can the deformation process of noncontinuity sanding mode lower support agent sand post under formation closure effect of stress in actual response pulse fracturing process, describes the impact of the change fracture flow conductivity of sanding mode.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Flow conductivity method of testing under a kind of discontinuous filling method, it is characterized in that: first prepare the proppant sand post test specimen in coincidence pulse pressure break waterpower man-made fracture under discontinuous filling method, then carry out the test of discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy.
Described discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy test comprises: the proppant sand post test specimen prepared is inserted diversion chamber by discontinuous laid mode, space between proppant sand post test specimen forms simulation fracture groove, by proppant sand post test specimen, discontinuous support is carried out to simulation fracture, and form fluid flow passageway by discontinuous laid proppant sand post test specimen; According to actual formation condition setting experiment parameter, discontinuous supporting crack under simulation stratum condition, collects the test result under different condition, calculates the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break.
Described test result obtains the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break by following formulae discovery:
Pass through formula
calculate discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity, in formula: K
f---crack original permeability, μm
2,
w
f---supporting crack width, cm; β---inertia pressure-drop coefficient,
a=1.54 is had, b=2.65 during 20/40 order proppant; ρ
g---fluid density, g/cm
3; V---gas flow rate,
cm/s; W-supporting crack flow section width, cm; q
0-normal atmosphere pressure volumetric flow of gas (port of export), cm
3/ s; μ
g-test gas viscosity, mPa*s; p
1, p
2-upstream pressure, downstream pressure, kPa.
Diversion chamber's inner chamber put into by described proppant sand post test specimen, and proppant sand post test specimen is respectively metal sheet up and down, forms fluid flow passageway between metal sheet by discontinuous laid proppant plunger.
The preparation process of described proppant sand post test specimen is as follows:
A, utilize fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant prepare mixing sand body;
B, mixing sand body is placed in sand column filling mould;
C, compacting is carried out to the mixing sand body in sand column filling mould make it become molding sand post blank;
D, be supported the process of sand post blank agent sand post test specimen.
In described step a, fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant are mixed with mixing sand body by the standard of field fiber load fluid.
In described step b, mixing sand body is placed in sand column filling mould in discontinuous laid mode.
In described steps d, sand post blank is put into insulating box, cures 20 ~ 30 minutes under 105 ~ 110 DEG C of temperature condition, then put into dryer and be cooled to room temperature, be supported agent sand post test specimen.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
1, pulse pressure break noncontinuity sanding supporting crack flow conductivity method of testing principle provided by the invention is reliable, discontinuous proppant sand column production method simple possible, can the deformation process of noncontinuity sanding mode lower support agent sand post under formation closure effect of stress in actual response pulse fracturing process, the impact of the change fracture flow conductivity of sanding mode is described; Measuring method is practical, and experimental result has good compliance, and the present invention is that the test of pulse pressure break discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy provides evaluation method.
2, real simulation of the present invention pulse pressure break discontinuous sanding mode lower support agent plunger is by the deformation process of formation closure pressure and fluid erosion; Can supporting crack flow conductivity under the multiple discontinuous sanding mode of test pulse pressure break.
3, the present invention can discontinuous sanding mode supporting crack flow conductivity under real simulation strata pressure and fluid erosion ambient influnence.
4, this method of testing can reflect that pulse pressure-break inner support agent sand post is by the process of fluid flowing erosion under formation closure effect of stress comparatively truly, and by the simulation of temperature environment, flow conductivity test is carried out to discontinuous supporting crack based on this, test philosophy is reliable, and method of testing is feasible.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is testing arrangement structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the laid top view of proppant sand post test specimen;
Fig. 3 is the laid another mode top view of proppant sand post test specimen;
Be labeled as in figure: 1, fluid reservoir; 2, gasholder; 3, dryer; 4, plug valve; 5, pressure regulator valve; 6, pressure gauge; 7, flow meter; 8, relief valve; 9, clossing pressure loading system; 10, displacement transducer; 11, simulation fracture import; 12, simulation fracture outlet; 13, temperature pick up; 14, discontinuous supporting crack is simulated; 15, differential pressure pickup; 16, back-pressure valve; 17, waste liquid tank; 18, electronic balance; 19, data collecting system.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Flow conductivity method of testing under a kind of discontinuous filling method, comprising: first prepare the proppant sand post test specimen in coincidence pulse pressure break waterpower man-made fracture under discontinuous filling method, then carries out the test of discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy.
Described discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy test comprises: the proppant sand post test specimen prepared is inserted diversion chamber by discontinuous laid mode, space between proppant sand post test specimen forms simulation fracture groove, by proppant sand post test specimen, discontinuous support is carried out to simulation fracture, and form fluid flow passageway by discontinuous laid proppant sand post test specimen; According to actual formation condition setting experiment parameter, discontinuous supporting crack under simulation stratum condition, collects the test result under different condition, calculates the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break.
Described test result obtains the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break by following formulae discovery:
Pass through formula
calculate discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity, in formula: K
f---crack original permeability, μm
2,
w
f---supporting crack width, cm; β---inertia pressure-drop coefficient,
a=1.54 is had, b=2.65 during 20/40 order proppant; ρ
g---fluid density, g/cm
3; V---gas flow rate,
cm/s; W-supporting crack flow section width, cm; q
0-normal atmosphere pressure volumetric flow of gas (port of export), cm
3/ s; μ
g-test gas viscosity, mPa*s; p
1, p
2-upstream pressure, downstream pressure, kPa.
Diversion chamber's inner chamber put into by described proppant sand post test specimen, and proppant sand post test specimen is respectively metal sheet up and down, forms fluid flow passageway between metal sheet by discontinuous laid proppant plunger.
The preparation process of described proppant sand post test specimen is as follows:
A, utilize fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant prepare mixing sand body;
B, mixing sand body is placed in sand column filling mould;
C, compacting is carried out to the mixing sand body in sand column filling mould make it become molding sand post blank; Pressure without particular requirement, as long as proppant sand post test specimen can be formed;
D, be supported the process of sand post blank agent sand post test specimen.
In described step a, fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant are mixed with mixing sand body by the standard of field fiber load fluid.
In described step b, mixing sand body is placed in sand column filling mould in discontinuous laid mode.
In described steps d, sand post blank is put into insulating box, cures 20 ~ 30 minutes under 105 ~ 110 DEG C of temperature condition, then put into dryer and be cooled to room temperature, be supported agent sand post test specimen.
Embodiment 2
The technical problem that the present invention solves mainly contains following two aspects:
(1) preparation has the proppant sand post test specimen of the discontinuous filling FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS of pulse pressure break.Pulse pressure break discontinuous sanding supporting crack has following feature: artificial hydraulic fracture is by the filling of discontinuous proppant plunger, and proppant sand post supports stress point as hydraulic fracture and ensures crack width validity and fluid mobility.
(2) with reference to on-the-spot actual production data, man-made fracture inner support agent plunger deformation under real simulation formation closure pressure and fluid erosion double action, and discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture permeabgility and flow conductivity thereof under formation testing Temperature-pressure Conditions.
For solving above-mentioned two technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is specially:
First the proppant sand post test specimen in coincidence pulse pressure break waterpower man-made fracture under discontinuous filling method is prepared.Require proppant, fracturing fluid and fibrous material to prepare by a certain percentage according to site technique and obtain mixing sand body, select the proppant sand column filling mould of different size, mixing sand body is placed in proppant sand column filling mould in discontinuous laid mode, utilizes column compacts to carry out compacting to be supported agent sand post blank to mixing sand body in filling mould.Compacting rear support agent sand post is placed in insulating box, after curing 20 ~ 30 minutes, puts into dryer and be cooled to room temperature under 105 ~ 110 DEG C of conditions, be supported agent sand post test specimen.
Carry out the test of discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy subsequently.The proppant sand post test specimen prepared is put into rock core grasping system, connects flow conductivity test pertinent instruments, start clossing pressure loading system, hydraulic loading system and temperature loading system with simulated formation temperature and ambient stress.With reference to the on-the-spot actual row of returning test data, setting For The Influence Factors On Flow Conductivity of Fracture Proppants level.By arranging pressure and temperature instruction, control system running environment, collects the test result under different temperature and pressure environment.Finally calculate pulse pressure break discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture permeabgility and flow conductivity.
Shown in composition graphs 1, in the present invention, pulse pressure break discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity testing arrangement is existing apparatus, is simply described as follows.
Testing arrangement primarily of core grasping system, hydraulic press and pressure compensating system, Linear displacement transducer, temperature loading system, flow system and data collecting system composition.
Core grasping system mainly forms and comprises Stainless Steel Shell, upper lower piston, fluid flow passageway, sealing ring.Wherein, Stainless Steel Shell and upper lower piston possess high pressure resistant, corrosion resistance characteristic, can ensure plastic strain not to occur in experimentation; Inside fluid flow passageway and Stainless Steel Shell, junction adopts stainless steel metal powder filter screen to carry out solid particulate filters, ensures fluid flow passageway validity.
Hydraulic press and pressure compensating system primary clustering are hydraulic press.
Linear displacement transducer primary clustering is digital display vernier scale measuring appliance.
Temperature loading system primary clustering is for adding thermocouple.
Flow system mainly forms and comprises constant-flux pump, fluid reservoir, pressure damper.Fluid reservoir is equipped with test fluid flow medium, regulates, reduce the differential pressure measurement error because constant-flux pump pressure oscillation brings after crossing constant-flux pump through pressure damper; By core grasping system fluid flow passageway, and accept differential pressure data by differential pressure pick-up.
Data collecting system primary clustering comprises hydrostatic sensor, differential pressure pick-up, temperature pick up, flow meter, electronic balance, data acquisition interface and computer system.Pressure sensor is separately installed with before and after Stainless Steel Shell, in order to measure flow differential pressure in core grasping system.Each number is adopted sensor and is connected with computer system.
Above-mentioned each system coordination work, can the discontinuous supporting crack of analog pulse pressure break at formation closure pressure and temperature environment, and test its flow conductivity and proppant plunger erosion deformation.
Embodiment 3
The proppant sand post test specimen of discontinuous sanding mode lower support crack inner support agent sand post feature when testing after first preparing coincidence pulse pressure break pressure.With sanding concentration 5kg/m
2, under proppant diameter of plunger 25.4mm condition, proppant selects 20/40 order haydite to be example, and preparation method is as follows:
(1) with sanding concentration 5kg/m
2, proppant diameter of plunger is premised on 25.4mm, and proppant, fracturing fluid and fiber are produced mixing sand body by a certain percentage;
Namely mixing sand body refers to load fluid, on-the-spot load fluid proppant sand concentration is generally 120kg/m3 ~ 620kg/m3 (every side's fracturing fluid is containing proppant chiltern amount), and fibrous material concentration is generally 1.5kg/m3 ~ 3.0kg/m3 (every side's fracturing fluid fibre quality);
Proppant type, without particular/special requirement, is as the criterion with analog block actual pressure break proppant type during laboratory experiment;
Fibrous material refers in particular to 6mm Soluble Fiber material (chemical industry is used), takes sand for during fracturing;
(2) place proppant plunger by non-homogeneous laid mode and fill mould, mixing sand body is put into proppant plunger and fill mould;
(3) utilize compacts to carry out compacting to the mixing sand body that proppant plunger is filled in mould, be supported agent sand post blank;
(4) the proppant sand post prepared is put into insulating box, after curing 30 minutes, put into dryer and be cooled to room temperature at 105 ~ 110 DEG C of temperature, be supported agent sand post test specimen.
After the test material preparation of to be supported dose of sand post completes, under carrying out discontinuous filling method, fracture condudtiviy is tested, and detailed process is expressed as:
(1) the proppant sand post test specimen prepared is put into diversion chamber's inner chamber, proppant plunger is respectively metal sheet up and down, forms fluid flow passageway between metal sheet by discontinuous laid proppant plunger;
(2) utilize hydraulic press and pressure compensating system to load initial pressure, start data collecting system, experiment parameter is set.Open temp control system, with on-the-spot test creation data for foundation, regulates constant flow pump to start to inject test fluid flow with design current velocity; All data are back to computer by data acquisition control panel;
(3) collect test result by data collecting system, comprise diversion chamber's inlet pressure, fluid flow, clossing pressure, propped fracture width etc.;
(4) arrange test data of experiment, pass through formula
calculate discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity, in formula: K
f---crack original permeability, μm
2,
w
f---supporting crack width, cm; β---inertia pressure-drop coefficient,
a=1.54 is had, b=2.65 during 20/40 order proppant; ρ
g---fluid density, g/cm
3; V---gas flow rate,
cm/s; W-supporting crack flow section width, cm; q
0-normal atmosphere pressure volumetric flow of gas (port of export), cm
3/ s; μ
g-test gas viscosity, mPa*s; p
1, p
2-upstream pressure, downstream pressure, kPa.
Claims (8)
1. flow conductivity method of testing under a discontinuous filling method, it is characterized in that: first prepare the proppant sand post test specimen in coincidence pulse pressure break waterpower man-made fracture under discontinuous filling method, then carry out the test of discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy.
2. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discontinuous sanding mode lower support fracture condudtiviy test comprises: the proppant sand post test specimen prepared is inserted diversion chamber by discontinuous laid mode, space between proppant sand post test specimen forms simulation fracture groove, by proppant sand post test specimen, discontinuous support is carried out to simulation fracture, and form fluid flow passageway by discontinuous laid proppant sand post test specimen; According to actual formation condition setting experiment parameter, discontinuous supporting crack under simulation stratum condition, collects the test result under different condition, calculates the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break.
3. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described test result obtains the discontinuous supporting crack flow conductivity of pulse pressure break by following formulae discovery:
In formula: K
f---crack original permeability, μm
2,
w
f---supporting crack width, cm; β---inertia pressure-drop coefficient,
a=1.54 is had, b=2.65 during 20/40 order proppant; ρ
g---fluid density, g/cm
3; V---gas flow rate,
w-supporting crack flow section width, cm; q
0-normal atmosphere pressure volumetric flow of gas (port of export), cm
3/ s; μ
g-test gas viscosity, mPa*s; p
1, p
2-upstream pressure, downstream pressure, kPa.
4. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: diversion chamber's inner chamber put into by described proppant sand post test specimen, proppant sand post test specimen is respectively metal sheet up and down, forms fluid flow passageway between metal sheet by discontinuous laid proppant plunger.
5. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the preparation process of described proppant sand post test specimen is as follows:
A, utilize fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant prepare mixing sand body;
B, mixing sand body is placed in sand column filling mould;
C, compacting is carried out to the mixing sand body in sand column filling mould make it become molding sand post blank;
D, be supported the process of sand post blank agent sand post test specimen.
6. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step a, fracturing fluid, fiber and proppant is mixed with mixing sand body by the standard of field fiber load fluid.
7. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step b, is placed in sand column filling mould by mixing sand body in discontinuous laid mode.
8. flow conductivity method of testing under discontinuous filling method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described steps d, sand post blank is put into insulating box, 20 ~ 30 minutes are cured under 105 ~ 110 DEG C of temperature condition, then put into dryer and be cooled to room temperature, be supported agent sand post test specimen.
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| CN108005630A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for acquiring channel fracturing fracture flow guide information |
| CN108204231A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Evaluation method for carbonate reservoir volume acid fracturing flow conductivity |
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| CN108533211A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-09-14 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Complex formation leakage channel simulation device |
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| CN108204231A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Evaluation method for carbonate reservoir volume acid fracturing flow conductivity |
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| CN108533211B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2023-08-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Complex stratum leakage channel simulation device |
| CN108397184A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-08-14 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of numerical computation method of self-supporting fracture condudtiviy |
| CN111122515A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Proppant inspection method and device |
| CN111122515B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-07-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Proppant inspection method and device |
| CN110671087A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-10 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Multi-scale crack two-phase flow simulation evaluating device |
| CN110671087B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-06-08 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Multi-scale crack two-phase flow simulation evaluating device |
| CN114810025A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2022-07-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Device and method for simulating flow conductivity of main-branch joint combined proppant for hydraulic fracturing |
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