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CN105291861B - A kind of electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system - Google Patents

A kind of electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system Download PDF

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CN105291861B
CN105291861B CN201510810254.4A CN201510810254A CN105291861B CN 105291861 B CN105291861 B CN 105291861B CN 201510810254 A CN201510810254 A CN 201510810254A CN 105291861 B CN105291861 B CN 105291861B
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motor
hydraulic
hydraulic pump
valve
pressure accumulator
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CN105291861A (en
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杨阳
李彭熙
秦大同
罗倡
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种轿车新型电液混合动力传动系统,包括电力驱动系统、耦合机构和液压驱动系统,所述液压驱动系统通过离合器与耦合机构连接。本发明应用于轿车的新型电液混合动力传动系统,是在原有纯电动汽车传动系统基础上,增加以液压泵/马达,高低压蓄能器,液压阀件及液压控制器组成的液压驱动系统,能更有效的回收及利用制动能量,避免大电流充放电对蓄电池循环寿命的影响,减少电动机电损以及减轻制动器摩擦片的磨损。

The invention discloses a novel electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system for a car, which comprises an electric drive system, a coupling mechanism and a hydraulic drive system, and the hydraulic drive system is connected with the coupling mechanism through a clutch. The new electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system applied to cars in the present invention is a hydraulic drive system composed of a hydraulic pump/motor, high and low pressure accumulators, hydraulic valves and a hydraulic controller on the basis of the original pure electric vehicle transmission system , can recover and utilize braking energy more effectively, avoid the impact of high current charging and discharging on the cycle life of the battery, reduce the electric loss of the motor and reduce the wear of the brake friction plate.

Description

一种电液混合动力传动系统An electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及电动汽车技术领域,具体是一种轿车新型电液混合动力传动系统。The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a novel electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system for cars.

背景技术Background technique

目前,国内纯电动汽车存在单次充电续驶里程短,售价高,不能满足长途旅程的需要等问题,而且充电设施目前也不完善,为了增加纯电动汽车的续驶里程,就必须加大电池容量。电池容量的增加,会大幅度的增加造车成本。另外由于电池功率密度较小,会导致汽车起步或者制动时动态响应慢,不能充分发挥汽车动力性能和制动性能。为了提高单次充电蓄电池的续驶里程,在电池技术很难突破的今天,各大汽车厂商纷纷考虑到能量回收系统。采用电能回收的结果是增加了纯电动汽车的续驶能力,但也暴露了一些问题,比如刚开始制动时发电机对蓄电池的充电电流会比较大,大电流充电会对蓄电池的循环寿命产生很大影响,而且在车辆启动、加速、爬坡等工况时,电池的放电电流也会很大,也会对蓄电池的寿命产生影响,所以人们又考虑到了辅助能量回收系统(也是辅助制动/驱动系统)。At present, domestic pure electric vehicles have problems such as short mileage of a single charge, high price, and cannot meet the needs of long-distance journeys, and the charging facilities are not perfect at present. In order to increase the mileage of pure electric vehicles, it is necessary to increase battery capacity. The increase in battery capacity will greatly increase the cost of vehicle manufacturing. In addition, due to the low power density of the battery, the dynamic response of the car will be slow when starting or braking, and the power performance and braking performance of the car cannot be fully utilized. In order to increase the mileage of a single-charge battery, in today's battery technology is difficult to break through, major car manufacturers have considered energy recovery systems. The result of using electric energy recovery is to increase the continuous driving ability of pure electric vehicles, but it also exposes some problems. For example, when the generator starts to brake, the charging current of the battery will be relatively large, and high current charging will have a negative impact on the cycle life of the battery. It has a great impact, and when the vehicle starts, accelerates, climbs and other working conditions, the discharge current of the battery will also be very large, which will also have an impact on the life of the battery, so people have considered the auxiliary energy recovery system (also the auxiliary braking system) /Drive System).

目前的纯电动汽车可采用的辅助能量回收系统主要有液压储能系统和超级电容储能系统,超级电容和液压储能都有功率密度高的优点,可避免大电流充放电对蓄电池的影响,但是超级电容内阻太小,造成电池不容易管理,与电池参数匹配困难,且安全性差、成本高。The current auxiliary energy recovery systems that can be used in pure electric vehicles mainly include hydraulic energy storage systems and supercapacitor energy storage systems. Both supercapacitors and hydraulic energy storage have the advantages of high power density, which can avoid the impact of high current charging and discharging on the battery. However, the internal resistance of the supercapacitor is too small, which makes the battery difficult to manage, difficult to match with the battery parameters, and has poor safety and high cost.

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种可以避免大电流充放电对蓄电池循环寿命影响,提高汽车续驶里程的新型电液混合动力传动系统。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system that can avoid the impact of high current charging and discharging on the cycle life of the battery and improve the mileage of the car.

本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的,一种轿车新型电液混合动力传动系统,包括电力驱动系统和耦合机构1,还包括液压驱动系统,所述液压驱动系统通过离合器2与耦合机构连接。The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a novel electro-hydraulic hybrid transmission system for cars, including an electric drive system and a coupling mechanism 1, and also includes a hydraulic drive system, which is connected to the coupling mechanism through a clutch 2 .

进一步,所述液压驱动系统包括液压泵/马达4、液压泵/马达控制回路、高压蓄能器12和低压蓄能器14,所述液压泵/马达控制回路包括液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路和液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路,所述液压泵/马达的动力输出端与离合器连接,所述液压泵/马达的出油口分别与液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第一油口、低压蓄能器的油口连接,所述液压泵/马达的进油口与液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第二油口连接,所述液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第三油口分别与高压蓄能器的油口、液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路的油口连接。Further, the hydraulic drive system includes a hydraulic pump/motor 4, a hydraulic pump/motor control circuit, a high-pressure accumulator 12 and a low-pressure accumulator 14, and the hydraulic pump/motor control circuit includes a hydraulic pump/motor operating mode control circuit and the hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination control circuit, the power output end of the hydraulic pump/motor is connected to the clutch, and the oil outlet of the hydraulic pump/motor is respectively connected to the first oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor working mode control circuit 1. The oil port connection of the low-pressure accumulator, the oil inlet port of the hydraulic pump/motor is connected with the second oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor work mode control circuit, the third oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor work mode control circuit The ports are respectively connected with the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator and the oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination control circuit.

进一步,所述液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路包括第一电磁换向阀5、第一插装阀10、第二插装阀11和第三电磁换向阀13,所述第一电磁换向阀5的进油口分别与液压泵/马达的排油口、第三电磁换向阀13的进油口、第二插装阀11的侧油口、低压蓄能器14的油口连接,所述第一电磁换向阀5的出油口经过单向阀分别与第一插装阀10的侧油口、第二插装阀11的底部油口、高压蓄能器12的油口连接,所述第二插装阀11的控油端与第三电磁换向阀13的出油口连接,所述第一插装阀10的底部油口与液压泵/马达的进油口连接,第一插装阀的10控油端与第一电磁换向阀5的出油口连接。Further, the hydraulic pump/motor working mode control circuit includes a first electromagnetic reversing valve 5, a first cartridge valve 10, a second cartridge valve 11 and a third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the first electromagnetic reversing valve The oil inlet of the valve 5 is respectively connected with the oil discharge port of the hydraulic pump/motor, the oil inlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the side oil port of the second cartridge valve 11, and the oil port of the low pressure accumulator 14, The oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is respectively connected with the side oil port of the first cartridge valve 10, the bottom oil port of the second cartridge valve 11, and the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator 12 through the check valve. , the oil control end of the second cartridge valve 11 is connected to the oil outlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the bottom oil port of the first cartridge valve 10 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump/motor, the second The oil control end 10 of a cartridge valve is connected with the oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 .

进一步,所述液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路包括液压缸3、减压阀9和第二电磁换向阀8,所述减压阀的进油口与高压蓄能器的油口连接,所述减压阀的出油口与第二电磁换向阀的P口连接,所述第二电磁换向阀的O口连接到油箱,所述第二电磁换向阀的A口与液压缸的进油口连接,第二电磁换向阀的B口与液压缸的出油口连接,所述液压缸的活塞杆与液压泵/马达的斜盘机械连接。Further, the hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination control circuit includes a hydraulic cylinder 3, a pressure reducing valve 9 and a second electromagnetic reversing valve 8, the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator, The oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the P port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the O port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the A port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the hydraulic cylinder The oil inlet port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil outlet port of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is mechanically connected with the swash plate of the hydraulic pump/motor.

进一步,所述电力驱动系统的功率大于液压驱动系统的功率。Further, the power of the electric drive system is greater than the power of the hydraulic drive system.

进一步,所述耦合机构为转矩耦合或转速耦合。Further, the coupling mechanism is torque coupling or rotational speed coupling.

进一步,液压系统参与工作的模式如下:Further, the mode in which the hydraulic system participates in the work is as follows:

Ⅰ)冷启动,电机6先不启动,第一电磁换向阀5置于右位,高压蓄能器12释放高压油液,驱动液压马达4转动,然后通过耦合机构1驱动传动系统,进而使得汽车起步,当达到电机启动转速时,电机6启动,离合器2断开,液压马达4排量置为零,第一电磁换向阀5置于左位;Ⅰ) Cold start, the motor 6 does not start first, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is placed in the right position, the high-pressure accumulator 12 releases high-pressure oil, drives the hydraulic motor 4 to rotate, and then drives the transmission system through the coupling mechanism 1, thereby making Automobile starts, and when reaching motor starting speed, motor 6 starts, clutch 2 is disconnected, hydraulic motor 4 displacement is set to zero, and first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is placed in the left position;

Ⅱ)加速或者爬坡行驶,当加速或者爬坡时,为了更好的发挥汽车动力性能,将电磁阀5置于右位,释放高压蓄能器12油液,驱动液压马达4转动,辅助电机驱动汽车加速或者爬坡;Ⅱ) Accelerate or climb a slope. When accelerating or climbing a slope, in order to better exert the power performance of the vehicle, place the solenoid valve 5 in the right position to release the oil of the high-pressure accumulator 12, drive the hydraulic motor 4 to rotate, and assist the motor Drive the car to accelerate or climb a slope;

Ⅲ)减速制动,当汽车减速制动时,离合器2接合,泵4旋转,将低压蓄能器14中的油液压入高压蓄能器12,存储液压能的同时产生阻力矩阻止车辆行驶,产生制动效果;当高压蓄能器12压力达到其最高工作压力时,离合器2断开,电机6当发电机使用,为蓄电池7充电,发电的同时产生阻力矩阻止车辆行驶,产生制动效果;Ⅲ) Deceleration braking, when the vehicle decelerates and brakes, the clutch 2 is engaged, the pump 4 rotates, and the oil in the low-pressure accumulator 14 is pumped into the high-pressure accumulator 12 to store the hydraulic energy and generate resistance torque to prevent the vehicle from running. Produces a braking effect; when the pressure of the high-voltage accumulator 12 reaches its maximum working pressure, the clutch 2 is disconnected, and the motor 6 is used as a generator to charge the battery 7. While generating electricity, a resistance torque is generated to prevent the vehicle from running, thereby producing a braking effect ;

Ⅳ)行车充液,当车辆需求驱动功率不大时,离合器2接合,由电机1驱动车辆行驶的同时驱动液压泵4旋转,将低压蓄能器14的油液压入高压蓄能器12,存储液压能,方便下次冷启动时使用;Ⅳ) Liquid filling when driving, when the driving power required by the vehicle is not large, the clutch 2 is engaged, and the motor 1 drives the vehicle to drive the hydraulic pump 4 to rotate at the same time, hydraulically injecting the oil from the low-pressure accumulator 14 into the high-pressure accumulator 12 for storage Hydraulic energy, convenient for the next cold start;

Ⅴ)卸荷,将第三电磁换向阀13置于左位,高压蓄能器12、低压蓄能器14相通,液压回路卸荷。V) unloading, the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 is placed in the left position, the high-pressure accumulator 12 and the low-pressure accumulator 14 are connected, and the hydraulic circuit is unloaded.

进一步,液压系统参与工作的模式控制逻辑如下:Further, the mode control logic of the hydraulic system participating in the work is as follows:

a)液压系统参与的驱动模式包括冷启动模式、正常行驶、加速或者爬坡模式,其控制逻辑包括:a) The driving modes in which the hydraulic system participates include cold start mode, normal driving, acceleration or climbing mode, and its control logic includes:

在冷启动模式下,当P<Pmin时,为电机启动;当P>Pmin时,为液压启动;当为液压启动时,车速V大于等于V1时,变换为电机启动;In the cold start mode, when P<P min , it is motor start; when P>P min , it is hydraulic start; when it is hydraulic start, when the vehicle speed V is greater than or equal to V1, it is converted to motor start;

在正常行驶模式下,当P<Pmin时,为行车充液;当P>Pmin时,为电机驱动;In normal driving mode, when P<P min , it is driving fluid; when P>P min , it is motor driven;

在加速或者爬坡模式下,当P<Pmin时,为电机驱动;当P>Pmin时,且V大于等于V2或者T大于等于T1时,为液压辅助驱动;In acceleration or climbing mode, when P<P min , it is motor driven; when P>P min , and V is greater than or equal to V2 or T is greater than or equal to T1, it is hydraulic auxiliary drive;

P为高压蓄能器压力;Pmin为冷起步蓄能器最低工作压力;V为汽车速度;V1为电机经济启动时的车速;V2电机驱动最高经济转速时的车速;T汽车需求扭矩;T1为电机所能提供的最大扭矩。P is the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator; P min is the minimum working pressure of the cold start accumulator; V is the vehicle speed; V1 is the vehicle speed when the motor starts economically; V2 is the vehicle speed when the motor drives the highest economic speed; T is the vehicle demand torque; T1 The maximum torque that the motor can provide.

进一步,液压系统参与工作的模式控制逻辑如下:制动模式包括轻度制动模式、中度制动模式、重度制动模式,Further, the mode control logic in which the hydraulic system participates in the work is as follows: braking modes include light braking mode, moderate braking mode, and heavy braking mode,

在轻度制动模式下,当P<Pmax时,为液压再生制动;当P>Pmax且SOC<0.8时,为电机再生制动;当P>Pmax且SOC>0.8时,为摩擦制动;In mild braking mode, when P<P max , it is hydraulic regenerative braking; when P>P max and SOC<0.8, it is motor regenerative braking; when P>P max and SOC>0.8, it is friction braking;

在中度制动模式下,当P<Pmax时,若液压再生制动力大于需求制动力时,为液压再生制动;若液压再生制动力小于需求动力时,且SOC>0.8时,为液压摩擦复合制动,若SOC<0.8,则为电液复合制动;In moderate braking mode, when P<P max , if the hydraulic regenerative braking force is greater than the required braking force, it is hydraulic regenerative braking; if the hydraulic regenerative braking force is less than the required power, and SOC>0.8, it is hydraulic braking Friction composite braking, if SOC<0.8, it is electro-hydraulic composite braking;

在中度制动模式下,当P>Pmax时,当SOC>0.8时,为摩擦制动;当SOC<0.8时,若电机再生制动力大于需求制动力时,为电机再生制动,否则为电机摩擦复合制动;In moderate braking mode, when P>P max , when SOC>0.8, it is friction braking; when SOC<0.8, if the regenerative braking force of the motor is greater than the required braking force, it is regenerative braking of the motor, otherwise Friction compound braking for the motor;

在重度制动模式下,为摩擦制动;In heavy braking mode, it is friction braking;

若为摩擦制动时,S>0.2,电液混合动力传动系统的ABS防抱死制动;If it is friction braking, S>0.2, ABS anti-lock braking of electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system;

Z为制动强度;P为高压蓄能器压力;Pmax高压蓄能器最高工作压力;SOC为蓄电池荷电状态;S为车轮滑移率。Z is the braking strength; P is the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator; P max is the maximum working pressure of the high-pressure accumulator; SOC is the state of charge of the battery; S is the slip rate of the wheel.

由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明具有如下的优点:Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:

本发明应用于轿车的新型电液混合动力传动系统,在原有纯电动汽车传动系统基础上,增加以液压泵/马达,高低压蓄能器,液压阀件及液压控制器组成的液压驱动系统,更有效的回收及利用制动能量,避免大电流充放电对蓄电池循环寿命的影响,减少电动机电损以及减轻制动器摩擦片的磨损。The invention is applied to the new electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system of the car. On the basis of the original pure electric vehicle transmission system, the hydraulic drive system composed of hydraulic pump/motor, high and low pressure accumulator, hydraulic valve parts and hydraulic controller is added. More effective recovery and utilization of braking energy, avoiding the impact of high current charging and discharging on the cycle life of the battery, reducing the electric loss of the motor and reducing the wear of the brake friction plate.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述,其中:In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

图1为耦合方式为转矩耦合的整车方案结构示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete vehicle scheme in which the coupling mode is torque coupling;

图2为本发明的液压系统参与驱动模式控制逻辑图;Fig. 2 is the control logic diagram of the hydraulic system participating in the drive mode of the present invention;

图3为本发明的液压系统参与制动模式控制逻辑框图;Fig. 3 is a logical block diagram of the hydraulic system participating in the braking mode control of the present invention;

图4为耦合方式为转速耦合的整车方案结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a complete vehicle scheme in which the coupling mode is rotational speed coupling.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下将结合附图,对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述;应当理解,优选实施例仅为了说明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

一种电液混合动力传动系统,包括电力驱动系统和耦合机构1,还包括液压驱动系统,所述液压驱动系统通过离合器2与耦合机构连接,耦合方式既可以是转矩耦合,也可以是转速耦合,转速耦合方式的工作原理和转矩耦合基本相同,只是将离合器换成了制动器。An electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system, including an electric drive system and a coupling mechanism 1, and also includes a hydraulic drive system, the hydraulic drive system is connected to the coupling mechanism through a clutch 2, and the coupling mode can be either torque coupling or rotational speed Coupling, the working principle of speed coupling is basically the same as that of torque coupling, except that the clutch is replaced by a brake.

所述液压驱动系统包括液压泵/马达4、液压泵/马达控制回路、高压蓄能器12和低压蓄能器14。液压泵/马达通过耦合机构作用于主传动系统,油液从高压蓄能器通过液压马达到低压蓄能器,驱动液压马达旋转并向传动系统提供动力,主要用在车辆启动、加速、爬坡等工况。车辆制动时,液压泵旋转,将低压蓄能器中的油液送入高压蓄能器存储,回收制动能量并产生阻力矩,阻止车辆行驶。液压泵/马达既可以用作泵工况也可以用作马达工况,作为泵用时,将液压油压缩到高压蓄能器12存储,作为马达使用时,高压油液驱动马达,使其驱动车辆行驶。The hydraulic drive system includes a hydraulic pump/motor 4 , a hydraulic pump/motor control circuit, a high pressure accumulator 12 and a low pressure accumulator 14 . The hydraulic pump/motor acts on the main transmission system through the coupling mechanism. The oil flows from the high-pressure accumulator through the hydraulic motor to the low-pressure accumulator, drives the hydraulic motor to rotate and provides power to the transmission system, and is mainly used for vehicle starting, acceleration, and climbing Wait for working conditions. When the vehicle brakes, the hydraulic pump rotates, sending the oil in the low-pressure accumulator to the high-pressure accumulator for storage, recovering the braking energy and generating resistance torque to prevent the vehicle from running. The hydraulic pump/motor can be used as a pump or a motor. When used as a pump, the hydraulic oil is compressed to the high-pressure accumulator 12 for storage. When used as a motor, the high-pressure oil drives the motor to drive the vehicle drive.

所述液压泵/马达控制回路包括液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路和液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路,所述液压泵/马达的动力输出端与离合器连接,所述液压泵/马达的出油口分别与液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第一油口、低压蓄能器的油口连接,所述液压泵/马达的进油口与液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第二油口连接,所述液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路的第三油口分别与高压蓄能器的油口、液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路的油口连接。The hydraulic pump/motor control loop includes a hydraulic pump/motor operating mode control loop and a hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination control loop, the power output end of the hydraulic pump/motor is connected to the clutch, and the output end of the hydraulic pump/motor is The oil ports are respectively connected to the first oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor work mode control circuit and the oil port of the low-pressure accumulator, and the oil inlet port of the hydraulic pump/motor is connected to the second oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor work mode control circuit. The third oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor working mode control circuit is connected with the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator and the oil port of the hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination angle control circuit respectively.

所述液压泵/马达工作模式控制回路包括第一电磁换向阀5、第一插装阀10、第二插装阀11和第三电磁换向阀13,所述第一电磁换向阀5的进油口分别与液压泵/马达的排油口、第三电磁换向阀13的进油口、第二插装阀11的侧油口、低压蓄能器14的油口连接,所述第一电磁换向阀5的出油口经过单向阀分别与第一插装阀10的侧油口、第二插装阀11的底部油口、高压蓄能器12的油口连接,所述第二插装阀11的控油端与第三电磁换向阀13的出油口连接,所述第一插装阀10的底部油口与液压泵/马达的进油口连接,第一插装阀的控油端与第一电磁换向阀5的出油口连接。The hydraulic pump/motor working mode control circuit includes a first electromagnetic reversing valve 5, a first cartridge valve 10, a second cartridge valve 11 and a third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, and the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 The oil inlet of the hydraulic pump/motor, the oil inlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the side oil port of the second cartridge valve 11, and the oil port of the low-pressure accumulator 14 are respectively connected. The oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is respectively connected with the side oil port of the first cartridge valve 10, the bottom oil port of the second cartridge valve 11, and the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator 12 through the check valve. The oil control end of the second cartridge valve 11 is connected to the oil outlet of the third electromagnetic reversing valve 13, the bottom oil port of the first cartridge valve 10 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump/motor, and the first cartridge valve 10 is connected to the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump/motor. The oil control end of the valve is connected with the oil outlet of the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 .

所述液压泵/马达斜盘倾角控制回路包括液压缸3、减压阀9和第二电磁换向阀8,所述减压阀的进油口与高压蓄能器的油口连接,所述减压阀的出油口与第二电磁换向阀的P口连接,所述第二电磁换向阀的O口连接到油箱,所述第二电磁换向阀的A口与液压缸的进油口连接,第二电磁换向阀的B口与液压缸的出油口连接,所述液压缸的活塞杆与液压泵/马达的斜盘机械连接。The hydraulic pump/motor swash plate inclination control circuit includes a hydraulic cylinder 3, a pressure reducing valve 9 and a second electromagnetic reversing valve 8, the oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected with the oil port of the high-pressure accumulator, the The oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the P port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve, the O port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the oil tank, and the A port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the inlet port of the hydraulic cylinder. The oil port is connected, and the B port of the second electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the oil outlet of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is mechanically connected with the swash plate of the hydraulic pump/motor.

在本实施例中,所述的第一电磁换向阀为两位四通电磁换向阀,第二电磁阀为三位四通电磁换向阀,第三电磁换向阀为两位两通电磁换向阀。所述电力驱动系统的功率大于液压驱动系统的功率。In this embodiment, the first electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the second electromagnetic valve is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the third electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position two-way Solenoid directional valve. The power of the electric drive system is greater than the power of the hydraulic drive system.

本发明的工作原理为:车辆启动、加速、爬坡时,高压蓄能器中的油液通过液压马达流到低压蓄能器,驱动液压马达旋转,通过耦合机构作用在传动系统上,驱动车辆行驶。车辆正常行驶时,由主电机驱动,液压系统不参与工作,其控制逻辑框图如图2所示。其中P为高压蓄能器压力;Pmin为冷起步蓄能器最低工作压力;v为汽车速度;v1为电机经济启动时的车速;v2电机驱动最高经济转速时的车速;T汽车需求扭矩;T1为电机所能提供的最大扭矩。The working principle of the present invention is: when the vehicle starts, accelerates, and climbs a slope, the oil in the high-pressure accumulator flows to the low-pressure accumulator through the hydraulic motor, drives the hydraulic motor to rotate, acts on the transmission system through the coupling mechanism, and drives the vehicle drive. When the vehicle is running normally, it is driven by the main motor, and the hydraulic system does not participate in the work. Its control logic block diagram is shown in Figure 2. Among them, P is the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator; P min is the minimum working pressure of the cold start accumulator; v is the vehicle speed; v1 is the vehicle speed when the motor starts economically; v2 is the vehicle speed when the motor drives the highest economic speed; T is the vehicle demand torque; T1 is the maximum torque that the motor can provide.

当车辆制动时,根据制动强度大小,小强度制动时优先利用液压泵旋转,将低压蓄能器中的油液压入高压蓄能器的同时产生阻力矩,阻止车辆行驶,将制动能量转化为液压能存储在高压蓄能器中,当高压蓄能器压力达到其最工作高压力时,将离合器断开,由传动系统带动发电机发电,将制动能量转化为电能存储在蓄电池中,其控制逻辑框图如图3所示。其中,Z为制动强度;P为高压蓄能器压力;Pmax高压蓄能器最高工作压力;SOC为蓄电池荷电状态;s为车轮滑移率。When the vehicle brakes, according to the braking intensity, the hydraulic pump is preferentially used to rotate when braking with low intensity, and the oil pressure in the low-pressure accumulator is injected into the high-pressure accumulator to generate a resistance torque at the same time, preventing the vehicle from running, and braking The energy is converted into hydraulic energy and stored in the high-pressure accumulator. When the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator reaches its maximum working pressure, the clutch is disconnected, and the transmission system drives the generator to generate electricity, and the braking energy is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery. , its control logic block diagram is shown in Figure 3. Among them, Z is the braking intensity; P is the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator; P max is the maximum working pressure of the high-voltage accumulator; SOC is the state of charge of the battery; s is the wheel slip rate.

具体的讲,本发明的工作模式包括:Specifically, the working modes of the present invention include:

(1)冷启动。电机6先不启动,第一电磁换向阀5置于右位,高压蓄能器12释放高压油液,驱动液压马达4转动,动力通过耦合机构1驱动传动系统,进而使得汽车起步,当达到电机启动转速时,电机6启动,离合器2断开,液压马达4排量置为零,第一电磁换向阀5置于左位。(1) Cold start. The motor 6 is not started first, the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is placed in the right position, the high-pressure accumulator 12 releases high-pressure oil, drives the hydraulic motor 4 to rotate, and the power drives the transmission system through the coupling mechanism 1, thereby making the car start. When the motor starts rotating speed, the motor 6 starts, the clutch 2 is disconnected, the displacement of the hydraulic motor 4 is set to zero, and the first electromagnetic reversing valve 5 is placed in the left position.

(2)加速或者爬坡行驶。当汽车加速或者爬坡时,为了更好的发挥汽车动力性能,将电磁阀5置于右位,释放高压蓄能器12的油液,驱动液马达4转动,辅助电机驱动汽车加速或者爬坡。(2) Accelerate or climb a hill. When the car accelerates or climbs a slope, in order to better exert the power performance of the car, the solenoid valve 5 is placed in the right position, the oil in the high-pressure accumulator 12 is released, the hydraulic motor 4 is driven to rotate, and the auxiliary motor drives the car to accelerate or climb a slope .

(3)减速制动。当汽车减速制动时,离合器2接合,液压泵4旋转,将低压蓄能器14中的油液压入高压蓄能器12,存储液压能的同时产生阻力矩阻止车辆行驶,产生制动效果。当高压蓄能器12压力达到其最高工作压力时,离合器2断开,电机6当发电机使用,为蓄电池7充电,发电的同时产生阻力矩阻止车辆行驶,产生制动效果。(3) Deceleration braking. When the car decelerates and brakes, the clutch 2 is engaged, and the hydraulic pump 4 rotates, hydraulically pumping the oil in the low-pressure accumulator 14 into the high-pressure accumulator 12, and storing hydraulic energy while generating resistance torque to prevent the vehicle from running, thereby producing a braking effect. When the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator 12 reaches its maximum working pressure, the clutch 2 is disconnected, and the motor 6 is used as a generator to charge the storage battery 7. While generating electricity, a resistance torque is generated to prevent the vehicle from running and produce a braking effect.

(4)行车充液。当车辆需求驱动功率不大时,离合器2接合,由电机6驱动车辆行驶的同时驱动液压泵4旋转,将低压蓄能器14的油液压入高压蓄能器12,存储液压能,方便下次冷启动时使用。(4) Driving liquid filling. When the driving power demanded by the vehicle is not large, the clutch 2 is engaged, and the motor 6 drives the vehicle to drive the hydraulic pump 4 to rotate at the same time, and the oil pressure of the low-pressure accumulator 14 is injected into the high-pressure accumulator 12 to store hydraulic energy, which is convenient for the next time. Used during cold boot.

(5)卸荷。将第三电磁换向阀13置于左位,高压蓄能器12、低压蓄能器14相通,液压回路卸荷。(5) unloading. The third electromagnetic reversing valve 13 is placed in the left position, the high-pressure accumulator 12 and the low-pressure accumulator 14 are communicated, and the hydraulic circuit is unloaded.

汽车制动时,液压泵4吸收制动时的动能,能有效缓解制动器摩擦片的磨损,延长其使用寿命,而且避免了刚开始制动时大电流充电对蓄电池7的影响。车辆起步时,由液压驱动车辆起步,避免了起步时大电流放电对蓄电池7的影响,和纯电动汽车相比,能量回收效率更高,驱动或制动时动态响应更快。When the car brakes, the hydraulic pump 4 absorbs the kinetic energy of the brake, which can effectively alleviate the wear of the brake friction plate, prolong its service life, and avoid the impact of high current charging on the battery 7 when the brake is just started. When the vehicle starts, the vehicle is driven by hydraulic pressure, which avoids the impact of large current discharge on the battery 7 during the start. Compared with pure electric vehicles, the energy recovery efficiency is higher, and the dynamic response is faster when driving or braking.

在本发明中,液压系统参与工作的模式控制逻辑如下:In the present invention, the mode control logic in which the hydraulic system participates in the work is as follows:

a)液压系统参与的驱动模式有冷启动模式、行车充液模式、加速或者爬坡模式,其控制逻辑如图2所示;a) The driving modes that the hydraulic system participates in include cold start mode, driving fluid filling mode, acceleration or climbing mode, and its control logic is shown in Figure 2;

b)制动模式分为轻度制动模式(Z<0.1)、中度制动模式(0.1<Z<0.7)、重度制动模式(Z>0.7),重度制动模式下,考虑到制动安全,液压系统不参与工作,直接由摩擦系统完成,其控制逻辑如图3所示。b) The braking mode is divided into mild braking mode (Z<0.1), moderate braking mode (0.1<Z<0.7), and severe braking mode (Z>0.7). Dynamic safety, the hydraulic system does not participate in the work, it is directly completed by the friction system, and its control logic is shown in Figure 3.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,并不用于限制本发明,显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system, including power-driven system and coupling mechanism(1), it is characterised in that:Also wrap Fluid power system is included, the fluid power system passes through clutch(2)It is connected with coupling mechanism;The fluid power system bag Include hydraulic pump/motor(4), hydraulic pump/motor control loop, high pressure accumulator(12)And low pressure accumulator(14), the hydraulic pressure Pump/motor control loop includes hydraulic pump/motor mode of operation control loop and hydraulic pump/motor swashplate angle control loop, The clutch end of the hydraulic pump/motor is connected with clutch, the oil-out of the hydraulic pump/motor respectively with hydraulic pump/ The hydraulic fluid port connection of the first hydraulic fluid port of motor operations mode control loop, low pressure accumulator, the oil inlet of the hydraulic pump/motor with The second hydraulic fluid port connection of hydraulic pump/motor mode of operation control loop, the of the hydraulic pump/motor mode of operation control loop Three hydraulic fluid ports hydraulic fluid port respectively with high pressure accumulator, the hydraulic fluid port of hydraulic pump/motor swashplate angle control loop are connected;The hydraulic pressure Pump/motor mode of operation control loop includes the first solenoid directional control valve(5), the first inserted valve(10), the second inserted valve(11)With 3rd solenoid directional control valve(13), first solenoid directional control valve(5)Oil inlet oil discharge outlet, respectively with hydraulic pump/motor Three solenoid directional control valves(13)Oil inlet, the second inserted valve(11)Side hydraulic fluid port, low pressure accumulator(14)Hydraulic fluid port connection, it is described First solenoid directional control valve(5)Oil-out by check valve respectively with the first inserted valve(10)Side hydraulic fluid port, the second inserted valve (11)Bottom hydraulic fluid port, high pressure accumulator(12)Hydraulic fluid port connection, second inserted valve(11)Oil-control end and the 3rd electromagnetism Reversal valve(13)Oil-out connection, first inserted valve(10)Bottom hydraulic fluid port be connected with the oil inlet of hydraulic pump/motor, First inserted valve(10)Oil-control end and the first solenoid directional control valve(5)Oil-out connection.
2. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The hydraulic pump/motor swash plate Pitch angle control loop includes hydraulic cylinder(3), pressure-reducing valve(9)With the second solenoid directional control valve(8), oil inlet and the height of the pressure-reducing valve The hydraulic fluid port connection of accumulator is pressed, the oil-out of the pressure-reducing valve is connected with P mouthfuls of the second solenoid directional control valve, and second electromagnetism is changed Fuel tank is connected to O mouthfuls of valve, A mouthfuls of second solenoid directional control valve is connected with the oil inlet of hydraulic cylinder, the second electromagnetic switch B mouthfuls of valve is connected with the oil-out of hydraulic cylinder, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is mechanically connected with the swash plate of hydraulic pump/motor.
3. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that:The power-driven system Power more than fluid power system power.
4. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The coupling mechanism is torque coupling Close or rotating speed coupling.
5. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The mould of hydraulic system participation work Formula is as follows:
Ⅰ)Cold start-up, motor(6)Do not start first, the first solenoid directional control valve(5)It is placed in right position, high pressure accumulator(12)Release high pressure Fluid, drives hydraulic pump/motor(4)Rotate, then by coupling mechanism(1)Transmission system is driven, and then causes vehicle starting, When electric motor starting rotating speed is reached, motor(6)Start, clutch(2)Disconnect, hydraulic pump/motor(4)Discharge capacity is set to zero, first Solenoid directional control valve(5)It is placed in left position;
Ⅱ)Accelerate or climbing traveling, when acceleration or climbing, in order to preferably play automobile dynamic quality, by the first electricity Magnetic reversal valve(5)Right position is placed in, high pressure accumulator is discharged(12)Fluid, drives hydraulic pump/motor(4)Rotate, stand-by motor drives Electrical automobile accelerates or climbs;
Ⅲ)Retarding braking, when car deceleration is braked, clutch(2)Engagement, hydraulic pump/motor(4)Rotation, by low pressure accumulation of energy Device(14)In fluid press-in high pressure accumulator(12), produce the moment of resistance to prevent vehicle traveling while storage hydraulic energy, produce Braking effect;Work as high pressure accumulator(12)When pressure reaches its maximum working pressure, clutch(2)Disconnect, motor(6)Work as generating Machine is used, and is battery(7)Charge, produce the moment of resistance to prevent vehicle traveling while generating, produce braking effect;
Ⅳ)Driving topping up, when vehicle requirement drive power is little, clutch(2)Engagement, by motor(6)Drive vehicle traveling While drive hydraulic pump/motor(4)Rotation, by low pressure accumulator(14)Fluid press-in high pressure accumulator(12), store liquid Pressure energy, uses during convenient cold start-up next time;
Ⅴ)Off-load, by the 3rd solenoid directional control valve(13)It is placed in left position, high pressure accumulator(12), low pressure accumulator(14)Communicate, liquid Push back road off-load.
6. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The mould of hydraulic system participation work Formula control logic is as follows:
a)The drive pattern that hydraulic system is participated in includes cold start mode, normally travel, acceleration or climbing pattern, and its control is patrolled Collecting includes:
In the cold start mode, P is worked as<PminWhen, it is electric motor starting;Work as P>PminWhen, it is hydraulic starting;When for hydraulic starting, When vehicle velocity V is more than or equal to V1, electric motor starting is transformed to;
In a normal traveling mode, P is worked as<PminWhen, it is driving topping up;Work as P>PminWhen, it is that motor drives;
Under acceleration or climbing pattern, work as P<PminWhen, it is that motor drives;Work as P>PminWhen, and V is big more than or equal to V2 or T It is hydraulic pressure process auxiliary drive when equal to T1;
P is high pressure accumulator pressure;PminIt is cold starting accumulator minimum operating pressure;V is car speed;V1 is motor economy Speed during startup;V2 motors drive speed during highest economic speed;T automobile demand moments of torsion;T1 can be provided for motor Peak torque.
7. electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The mould of hydraulic system participation work Formula control logic is as follows:Braking mode includes light brake pattern, moderate braking mode, severe braking mode,
Under light brake pattern, work as P<PmaxWhen, it is hydraulic regenerative braking;Work as P>PmaxAnd SOC<It is motor regeneration system when 0.8 It is dynamic;Work as P>PmaxAnd SOC>It is friction catch when 0.8;
Under moderate braking mode, work as P<PmaxWhen, it is hydraulic regenerating system if hydraulic regenerative braking power is more than demand brake force It is dynamic;If hydraulic regenerative braking power is less than demand motive force, and SOC>It is hydraulic frictional composite braking, if SOC when 0.8<0.8, then It is Electro-hydraulic brake;
Under moderate braking mode, work as P>PmaxWhen, work as SOC>It is friction catch when 0.8;Work as SOC<When 0.8, if motor regenerates It is motor regenerative braking when brake force is more than demand brake force, is otherwise motor friction composite braking;
It is friction catch under severe braking mode;
If during friction catch, S>0.2, the ABS ANTI LOCKs of electrohydraulic mixed power transmission system;
Z is severity of braking;P is high pressure accumulator pressure;PmaxHigh pressure accumulator maximum working pressure;SOC is the charged shape of battery State;S is wheel slip.
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