CN105286877B - It is a kind of in the positive and negative method for showing latent fingerprint of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic material surfaces - Google Patents
It is a kind of in the positive and negative method for showing latent fingerprint of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic material surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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Abstract
一种在不同亲疏水性材料表面正反显现潜指纹的方法，属于指纹鉴别技术领域。该方法将印在不同亲疏水性材料表面的潜指纹先后浸没在带正电荷的CTAB溶液和带负电荷的CNTs稀释液中，利用亲疏水性和静电吸附原理进行显现。与现有的化学沉积和小颗粒悬浮液技术相比较，本发明可以根据基底材料的亲疏水性实现潜指纹的正反显现，适用于显现多种常见的半渗透性和渗透性客体表面的潜指纹，且操作简单，原料环保易得，过程快速、重复性好，不需要借助大型仪器,可用于现场检测潜指纹。
The invention discloses a method for displaying latent fingerprints on the front and back surfaces of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials, which belongs to the technical field of fingerprint identification. In this method, the latent fingerprints printed on the surface of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials are successively immersed in the positively charged CTAB solution and the negatively charged CNTs dilution solution, and are visualized by using the principles of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity and electrostatic adsorption. Compared with the existing chemical deposition and small particle suspension technology, the present invention can realize the positive and negative visualization of latent fingerprints according to the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the substrate material, and is suitable for displaying latent fingerprints on the surface of various common semi-permeable and permeable objects , and the operation is simple, the raw materials are environmentally friendly and easy to obtain, the process is fast, the repeatability is good, and it does not need large-scale instruments, which can be used for on-site detection of latent fingerprints.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于指纹鉴别技术领域，涉及采用带负电荷的碳纳米管(CNTs)稀释液和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)溶液，在不同亲疏水性材料表面(PVDF膜、NC膜和指纹胶带等)显现潜指纹的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of fingerprint identification, and relates to the use of negatively charged carbon nanotube (CNTs) diluent and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solution on the surface of different hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials (PVDF film, NC film and fingerprint tape, etc.) to reveal latent fingerprints.
背景技术Background technique
指纹，也称为手纹。由于遗传物质、皮肤组织结构、病理和外伤影响等多种因素决定了指纹纹线的特定性、多样性和稳定性，具有人各不同，终身不变和触物留痕的特点。在作案现场，常见指纹分为三类：明显纹、成型纹和潜指纹，其中潜指纹目视不易发现，是案发现场中最常见的一类指纹，是本文中的研究对象。潜指纹显现对侦破案件起着重要作用，可用于辨别身份、安全检测及医学诊断等各个领域。因此，科学正确地发现、提取、显现鉴定指纹，对于开展侦查工作和安全检测具有重要意义。Fingerprints, also known as handprints. Due to various factors such as genetic material, skin tissue structure, pathology and trauma, the specificity, diversity and stability of fingerprint lines are determined. At the crime scene, common fingerprints are divided into three categories: obvious lines, formed lines and latent fingerprints. Among them, latent fingerprints are not easy to find visually and are the most common type of fingerprints at crime scenes. They are the research objects of this paper. Latent fingerprint display plays an important role in solving cases and can be used in various fields such as identification, security detection, and medical diagnosis. Therefore, scientifically and correctly discovering, extracting, and displaying identification fingerprints is of great significance for carrying out investigation work and safety testing.
目前检测潜指纹的方法主要有硝酸银法、茚三酮法、碘熏法和502胶熏显法等传统的化学显现法及物理化学的显现法。对于传统的显现法具有以下缺点：试剂等物品对操作人员的身体有危害；显现效果不够明显，一般只能显现指纹的一级结构，二级结构显现效果不理想；对潜指纹有一定的破坏性；对一些疑难物体上的潜指纹不具有显现能力；只能显现出正像或反像单一的图。随着分析技术的不断发展，一些基于新技术应用进行潜指纹显现的方法应运而生，如电化学方法、X射线荧光法、傅里叶红外衍射光谱法和质谱法等。但是这些指纹显现技术通常需要采用昂贵的精密仪器和特殊技能的培训，不适用于犯罪现场的潜指纹显现和方法的普及应用。At present, the methods for detecting latent fingerprints mainly include traditional chemical visualization methods and physical and chemical visualization methods such as silver nitrate method, ninhydrin method, iodine fumigation method and 502 glue fumigation method. The traditional display method has the following disadvantages: reagents and other items are harmful to the operator's body; the display effect is not obvious enough, generally only the primary structure of the fingerprint can be displayed, and the secondary structure display effect is not ideal; it has certain damage to the latent fingerprint. It has no ability to display latent fingerprints on some difficult objects; it can only display a single image of positive or negative images. With the continuous development of analytical technology, some methods for latent fingerprint visualization based on the application of new technologies have emerged, such as electrochemical methods, X-ray fluorescence methods, Fourier transform infrared diffraction spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. However, these fingerprint display techniques usually require expensive precision instruments and special skills training, and are not suitable for latent fingerprint display at crime scenes and the popularization of methods.
本发明为了克服上述存在的问题，创新性地探索新型纳米材料CNTs和表面活性剂相结合，利用不同材料的亲疏水性和静电吸附原理来显现潜指纹。碳纳米管(CNTs)，是一种具有特殊结构的一维量子材料，主要由呈六边形排列的碳原子构成数层到数十层的同轴圆管。十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)，易溶于异丙醇，可溶于水，是一种阳离子表面活性剂，广泛用于润湿、杀菌、抗静电、去污、增溶等方面。基底聚偏二氟乙烯膜(PVDF膜)，表面疏水，具有较高的机械强度，可分离小片段的蛋白质，主要用于蛋白质印迹法中，是一种常用的固相支持物。硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)，具有很强的亲水性，在胶体金试纸中用做C/T线的承载体，同时也是免疫反应的发生处，NC膜是生物学试验中最重要的耗材之一。指纹胶带可用于转移各种疑难物体上的指印，进而进行显现。本发明操作简单，原料环保易得，过程快速、重复性好，不需要借助大型仪器，可用于现场检测潜指纹。因此，该方法在指纹鉴定领域具有极好的实际应用价值。In order to overcome the above existing problems, the present invention innovatively explores the combination of new nanomaterials CNTs and surfactants, and utilizes the principles of hydrophilicity, hydrophobicity and electrostatic adsorption of different materials to reveal latent fingerprints. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a one-dimensional quantum material with a special structure, are mainly composed of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms to form coaxial circular tubes with several to dozens of layers. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), easily soluble in isopropanol, soluble in water, is a cationic surfactant, widely used in wetting, sterilization, antistatic, decontamination, solubilization etc. The substrate polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (PVDF membrane), with a hydrophobic surface and high mechanical strength, can separate small fragments of proteins. It is mainly used in Western blotting and is a commonly used solid phase support. Nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane), which has strong hydrophilicity, is used as the carrier of C/T line in colloidal gold test paper, and it is also where the immune reaction occurs. NC membrane is the most important in biological experiments. One of the consumables. Fingerprint tape can be used to transfer fingerprints on various difficult objects for visualization. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, environmentally friendly and easy-to-obtain raw materials, rapid process and good repeatability, and can be used for on-site detection of latent fingerprints without resorting to large-scale instruments. Therefore, this method has excellent practical application value in the field of fingerprint identification.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是：发展一种步骤简单，经济环保，可用于现场检测潜指纹的显现方法。首次创新性地将新型纳米材料——CNTs应用于潜指纹的显现，以带负电荷的CNTs和阳离子表面活性剂CTAB为显现材料，利用亲疏水性和静电吸附原理，在不同亲疏水性材料(PVDF膜、NC膜和指纹胶带等)表面正反显现潜指纹。具体步骤如下：The purpose of the present invention is to develop a method with simple steps, economical and environmental protection, which can be used for on-site detection of latent fingerprints. For the first time, a new type of nanomaterial - CNTs is applied to the display of latent fingerprints innovatively. With negatively charged CNTs and cationic surfactant CTAB as the display material, using the principle of hydrophilic and hydrophobic and electrostatic adsorption, different hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials (PVDF membrane) , NC film and fingerprint tape, etc.) show latent fingerprints on the front and back of the surface. Specific steps are as follows:
(1)将油潜指纹轻轻地按压在客体表面，得到油潜指纹-指纹基底；(1) Gently press the oil latent fingerprint on the surface of the object to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint base;
(2)配置CTAB溶液和CNTs稀释液；(2) Configure CTAB solution and CNTs diluent;
(3)将CTAB溶液滴加到潜指纹基底表面，反应10min，得到油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB；(3) Add the CTAB solution dropwise to the surface of the latent fingerprint substrate, and react for 10 minutes to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint substrate-CTAB;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的带有正电荷的油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB浸入CNTs稀释液中，反应5-10min，取出后用超纯水冲洗，在自然光下，用肉眼即可直接观察到清晰的指纹图案；(4) Immerse the positively charged oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint substrate-CTAB obtained in step (3) into the CNTs diluent, react for 5-10min, take it out and rinse it with ultrapure water, and then use the naked eye under natural light. Clear fingerprint patterns can be observed directly;
(5)把步骤(4)中显现好的油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB-CNTs放置于水平物体上，用数码相机拍照固定提取指纹图像。(5) Place the oil-submerged fingerprint-fingerprint substrate-CTAB-CNTs shown in step (4) on a horizontal object, and take pictures with a digital camera to fix and extract the fingerprint image.
其中，所述显现材料CNTs为带负电荷的CNTs稀释液，所述CTAB为带有正电荷的表面活性剂溶液。Wherein, the display material CNTs is a negatively charged CNTs diluent, and the CTAB is a positively charged surfactant solution.
上述的步骤(3)为在步骤(1)中得到的油潜指纹-指纹基底表面指纹区域覆盖CTAB，保证基底表面溶液的均匀性，室温下反应10min，用滤纸吸去油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB上多余的水滴。The above step (3) is to cover the fingerprint area of the oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint substrate surface obtained in step (1) with CTAB to ensure the uniformity of the substrate surface solution, react at room temperature for 10 minutes, and use filter paper to absorb the oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint substrate -Excess water droplets on CTAB.
上述的步骤(4)具体包括：将油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB浸入带负电荷的CNTs稀释液中，浸泡时间根据不同基底而不同；将油潜指纹-指纹基底-CTAB-CNTs用超纯水浸泡冲洗，洗去基底上覆盖的CNTs，即可显现出指纹。The above step (4) specifically includes: immersing the oil latent fingerprint-fingerprint substrate-CTAB in the negatively charged CNTs dilution, and the immersion time is different according to different substrates; Soak and rinse in water to wash away the CNTs covered on the substrate, and the fingerprints can be revealed.
上述所显现的潜指纹除了油潜指纹外，还可以是油水混合潜指纹。In addition to oil latent fingerprints, the latent fingerprints shown above may also be oil-water mixed latent fingerprints.
上述方法所述客体为半渗透性和渗透性材料中的一种，具体为PVDF膜、NC膜和指纹胶带中的一种。The object described in the above method is one of semi-permeable and permeable materials, specifically one of PVDF membrane, NC membrane and fingerprint tape.
本发明的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：The beneficial effects of above-mentioned technical scheme of the present invention are as follows:
该方法可以根据材料性质的不同，显现正反图像；方法成本低廉，易于推广普及；操作简单、显现快速，未借助任何大型设备，而用于指纹现场检测；显现胶带表面的潜指纹效果极佳，这个优点可直接应用于从多种材料表面提取来的潜指纹检测，对一些不适合在原材料上现场检测的指纹可通过该方法转移后显现，方便实用。This method can display the positive and negative images according to the different properties of the material; the method is low in cost and easy to popularize; it is simple to operate and fast to display, and it is used for on-site fingerprint detection without any large-scale equipment; the effect of displaying latent fingerprints on the surface of the tape is excellent , this advantage can be directly applied to the detection of latent fingerprints extracted from the surface of various materials, and some fingerprints that are not suitable for on-site detection on raw materials can be displayed after transfer by this method, which is convenient and practical.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明以PVDF膜为客体得到的潜指纹显现效果图片，左图是潜指纹显现后的普通光学图像，右边为左图提供的指纹第二水平的特征信息图。Figure 1 is a picture of the latent fingerprint display effect obtained by using PVDF film as the object of the present invention. The left picture is the ordinary optical image after the latent fingerprint is displayed, and the right is the characteristic information map of the second level of the fingerprint provided by the left picture.
图2是本发明以指纹胶带黏面客体潜指纹得到的效果图片。Fig. 2 is a picture of the effect obtained by using the latent fingerprint of the object on the sticky surface of the fingerprint tape according to the present invention.
图3是本发明以NC膜客体潜指纹得到的效果图片，左图是潜指纹显现后的普通光学图像，右边为左图提供的指纹第二水平的特征信息图。Fig. 3 is the effect picture obtained by using the latent fingerprint of the NC film object in the present invention, the left picture is the ordinary optical image after the latent fingerprint appears, and the right picture is the feature information picture of the second level of the fingerprint provided by the left picture.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合实例来进一步说明本发明，此实例仅用于具体说明，而不限于本发明的实际应用范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, and this example is only used for specific illustration, and is not limited to the practical application scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
以PVDF膜表面的潜指纹显现为例，具体操作有以下步骤：Taking the display of latent fingerprints on the surface of PVDF membrane as an example, the specific operation has the following steps:
(1)将PVDF膜用剪刀裁剪成1.5×2cm大小，放在用乙醇擦洗干净的塑料培养皿中备用；(1) Cut the PVDF membrane into a size of 1.5×2cm with scissors, and put it in a plastic petri dish cleaned with ethanol for later use;
(2)将油潜指纹轻轻地按压在PVDF膜客体表面，得到油潜指纹-PVDF膜；(2) Gently press the oil latent fingerprint on the surface of the PVDF film object to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-PVDF film;
(3)配置CTAB溶液和CNTs稀释液；(3) Configure CTAB solution and CNTs diluent;
(4)将CTAB溶液滴加到潜指纹基底表面，反应10min，得到油潜指纹-PVDF膜-CTAB；(4) Add the CTAB solution dropwise to the surface of the latent fingerprint substrate, and react for 10 minutes to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-PVDF film-CTAB;
(5)将步骤(4)中得到的带有正电荷的油潜指纹-PVDF膜-CTAB浸入CNTs稀释液中，反应5min，取出后用超纯水冲洗，在自然光下，用肉眼即可直接观察到清晰的指纹；将显现好的油潜指纹-PVDF膜-CTAB-CNTs放置于水平物体上，用数码相机拍照采集显现指纹图像。如图1。(5) Immerse the positively charged oil latent fingerprint-PVDF film-CTAB obtained in step (4) in the CNTs diluent, react for 5 minutes, take it out and rinse it with ultra-pure water, and under natural light, it can be directly exposed to the naked eye. A clear fingerprint was observed; the oil-submerged fingerprint-PVDF film-CTAB-CNTs that appeared was placed on a horizontal object, and a digital camera was used to take pictures to collect the displayed fingerprint image. Figure 1.
实施例2Example 2
以NC膜表面的潜指纹显现为例，具体操作有以下步骤：Taking the display of latent fingerprints on the surface of NC film as an example, the specific operation has the following steps:
(1)将NC膜用剪刀裁剪成1.5×2cm大小，放在用乙醇擦洗干净的塑料培养皿中备用；(1) Cut the NC membrane into a size of 1.5 × 2cm with scissors, and put it in a plastic Petri dish cleaned with ethanol for later use;
(2)将油潜指纹轻轻地按压在NC膜客体表面，得到油潜指纹-NC膜；(2) Gently press the oil latent fingerprint on the surface of the NC film object to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-NC film;
(3)配置CTAB溶液和CNTs稀释液；(3) Configure CTAB solution and CNTs diluent;
(4)将CTAB溶液滴加到潜指纹基底表面，反应10min，得到油潜指纹-NC膜-CTAB；(4) Add the CTAB solution dropwise to the surface of the latent fingerprint substrate, and react for 10 minutes to obtain the oil latent fingerprint-NC film-CTAB;
(5)将步骤(4)中得到的带有正电荷的油潜指纹-NC膜-CTAB浸入CNTs稀释液中，反应10min，取出后用超纯水冲洗，在自然光下，用肉眼即可直接观察到清晰的指纹；将显现好的油潜指纹-NC膜-CTAB-CNTs放置于水平物体上，用数码相机拍照采集显现指纹图像。如图3。(5) Immerse the positively charged oil latent fingerprint-NC film-CTAB obtained in step (4) into the CNTs diluent, react for 10 minutes, take it out and rinse it with ultrapure water, and then use the naked eye under natural light to directly A clear fingerprint was observed; the oil-submerged fingerprint-NC film-CTAB-CNTs that had appeared was placed on a horizontal object, and a digital camera was used to take pictures to collect the displayed fingerprint image. Figure 3.
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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