CN105276155B - A kind of gearshift - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a shifting mechanism with a reverse braking function, comprising: a shift shaft, a forward shift fork shaft perpendicular to the shift shaft and the shift shaft, an R shift fork shaft, and an input shaft and output shaft; forward shift fork port, forward synchronizer, first reverse gear, second reverse gear and forward gear; , finger; the shift shaft and the forward gear fork shaft are connected through the forward gear fork opening; the forward gear fork is sleeved on the forward gear fork shaft. By implementing the present invention, when the reverse gear is engaged, the synchronization function of the forward gear can be used to slow down and brake the reverse spur gear without being engaged in the forward gear. The problem of high gear force when hitting gears and using lever synchronizers.

Description

a shifting mechanism

technical field

The present invention relates to the mechanical field, in particular to a shifting mechanism.

Background technique

At present, there are generally two solutions to solve the problem of gearing for transmissions without reverse gear synchronizers:

1. Direct parking and gear shifting; the disadvantage of this gear shifting method is that the rate of reverse gear shifting is low and it is accompanied by abnormal noise of the transmission teeth.

2. Use the lever synchronizer in the high-speed gear, and use the reverse braking function of the lever synchronizer to brake the reverse gear function; the disadvantage of this scheme is that the lever mass of the lever synchronizer is relatively large, and it is in high-speed gear. , due to the centrifugal force, the high-speed shifting force increases (generally, the shifting force on the handle increases by 30~40N).

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a shift mechanism, including:

Shift shaft (1); forward shift fork shaft (10), R shift fork shaft (12), input shaft (81) and output shaft (82) perpendicular to the shift shaft (1); forward gear Fork port (9), forward gear synchronizer (6), first reverse gear (71), second reverse gear (72) and forward gear (83);

The shift shaft (1) is sequentially connected with an interlock plate (2), a compression torsion spring (3), a paddle (4), and a dial finger (5); the rotation of the shift shaft (1) drives the A paddle (4), the paddle (4) is matched with the forward gear fork (9);

The shift shaft (1) is connected to the forward gear fork shaft (10) through the forward gear fork port (9); the forward gear fork shaft (10) is sleeved with a forward gear Shift fork (11); the forward shift fork (11) is connected to the forward shift fork port (9); the forward shift fork (11) is matched with the forward shift synchronizer (6);

The first reverse gear (71), the forward gear synchronizer (6) and the forward gear (83) are sequentially sleeved on the input shaft (81), and the second reverse gear ( 72) is sleeved on the output shaft (82) and meshed with the first reverse gear (71).

Wherein, one leg of the compression torsion spring (3) rests on the finger (5), and the other leg rests on the paddle (4), so that the paddle (4) is preloaded against Leaning against the finger (5); the interlocking plate (2) straddles the two ends of the finger (5).

Wherein, the finger (5) is extended to form a limit protrusion (50), and the limit protrusion (50) has a first limit surface (51) and a second limit surface (52) opposite to each other, so The dial (4) includes a dial (43), the dial (43) has an opposite first abutment surface (41) and a second abutment surface (42), the compression torsion spring (3) One leg rests on the first limit surface (51) of the limit protrusion (50), and one leg of the compression torsion spring (3) rests on the first abutment surface of the dial (43) (41), the second limiting surface (52) of the limiting protrusion (50) abuts against the second abutting surface (42) of the dial (43).

Wherein, the forward shift fork opening (9) has a gap, and the paddle (4), finger (5) and interlocking plate (2) are located in the gap of the forward shift shift fork (9) and It can move axially along the shift shaft (1).

Wherein, the shifting mechanism further includes a self-locking pin (14), the forward shift fork shaft (10) is provided with a W-shaped slot (102), and the self-locking pin (14) is connected to the W-shaped fork shaft (10). The groove (102) matches.

Wherein, the paddle (4) includes a shift head (43), the forward shift fork opening (9) includes a protrusion (91), and the shift head (43) cooperates with the protrusion (91) .

Wherein, the finger (5) includes a finger (54), and the forward shift fork (9) is provided with a groove (92), and the groove (92) is located on one side of the protrusion (91), The finger (54) is located in the groove (92) and is matched with the forward gear shift fork shaft (10) or the R gear shift fork shaft (12).

Wherein, the opening position of the groove (92) extends away from the protrusion (91) toward the protrusion (91) to form a limiting protrusion.

Wherein, both the first reverse gear (71) and the second reverse gear (72) are spur gears.

By implementing the present invention, when the reverse gear is engaged, the synchronization function of the forward gear can be used to slow down and brake the reverse spur gear without being engaged in the forward gear. The problem of high gear force when hitting gears and using lever synchronizers.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of assembly of a shift shaft of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention and various parts on it;

Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a shift shaft and its parts of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is another schematic diagram of the assembly of the shift shaft of a shift mechanism and the parts on it provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a forward shift fork opening of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a gear shifting mechanism in the reverse gear shifting process provided by the present invention;

Fig. 7 is another schematic diagram of a gear shifting mechanism in the reverse gear shifting process provided by the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the state of the self-pin lock and the fork shaft of the forward gear during the reverse gear shifting process of a gear shift mechanism provided by the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another state of the self-pin lock and the fork shaft of the forward gear during the reverse gear shifting process of the shift mechanism provided by the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention when returning to the neutral position of reverse gear;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention when returning to the neutral position of the forward gear;

Fig. 12 is another schematic diagram of a shift mechanism provided by the present invention when returning to the neutral position of the forward gear.

Detailed ways

Referring to Fig. 1, a shift mechanism provided by the present invention includes:

Shift shaft 1, which is installed on the gearbox housing and can rotate around its own axis; perpendicular to the shift shaft 1, forward shift fork shaft 10, R shift fork shaft 12, input shaft 81 and output shaft 82; Gear shift fork 9, forward gear synchronizer 6, first reverse gear 71, second reverse gear 72 and forward gear 83;

As shown in Figure 2, the shift shaft 1 is sequentially sleeved with an interlock plate 2, a compression torsion spring 3, a paddle 4, and a finger 5; the rotation of the shift shaft 1 drives the paddle 4, and the The paddle 4 is matched with the fork port 9 of the forward gear;

The shift shaft 1 is connected to the forward gear shift fork shaft 10 through the forward gear shift fork opening 9; the forward shift fork shaft 10 is sleeved with a forward shift fork 11; the forward shift fork 11 is connected with the forward gear fork port 9; the forward gear shift fork 11 is matched with the forward gear synchronizer 6;

The first reverse gear 71, the forward gear synchronizer 6 and the forward gear 83 are sequentially sleeved on the input shaft 81, and the second reverse spur gear 72 is sleeved on the output shaft 82 and connected to the first reverse gear. The reverse gear 71 is meshed;

During the reverse gear shifting process, the shift shaft 1 rotates to drive the paddle 4, and the paddle 4 moves the forward gear shift fork opening 9 along the axial direction of the forward gear shift fork shaft 10, The forward gear shift fork port (9) drives the forward gear shift fork 11 to move the forward gear synchronizer 6 to move axially along the input shaft 81 and the rotational speed of the forward gear synchronizer 6 and the axis of the output shaft 82 The forward gear 83 that is meshed with the gears is synchronized, the rotation speed of the output shaft 82 is zero, and reverse braking is realized for the first reverse spur gear 71 .

In addition, the shift mechanism also includes:

The R shift fork mechanism 13 is vacantly sleeved on the R shift fork shaft 12 and slides upward along its axial direction.

The reverse gear shaft 15 installed on the gearbox housing is covered with a reverse gear idler gear 8 that can slide axially along the reverse gear shaft 15 .

Wherein, the forward shift fork shaft 10 is provided with a W-shaped groove 102 (not visible in FIG. 1 , specifically shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 ); the shift mechanism also includes: On the top, the self-locking pin 14 matched with the W-shaped groove 102 of the forward shift fork shaft 10 .

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the finger 5 is fixedly installed on the shift shaft 1 through the hole 53, the interlocking plate 2 bridges the two ends of the finger 5; On the dial finger 5; specifically, the dial finger 5 is extended to form a position-limiting protrusion 50, and the position-limiting protrusion 50 has an opposite first position-limiting surface 51 and a second position-limiting surface 52; 5 also includes a finger 54; the plectrum 4 includes a dial 43, and the dial 43 has an opposite first abutment surface 41 and a second abutment surface 42, and one foot of the compression torsion spring 3 rests on the On the first limit surface 51 of the limit protrusion 50, the other foot of the compression torsion spring 3 rides on the first abutment surface 41 of the dial 43, the first abutment surface 41 of the limit protrusion 50 The second limiting surface 52 abuts against the second abutting surface 42 of the dial 43 .

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 , the forward shift fork opening 9 has a gap, which includes a protrusion 91 and a groove 92, the groove 92 is located on one side of the protrusion 91, and the finger 54 is located on the side of the protrusion 91. In the slot 92 and cooperate with the forward shift fork shaft 10 or the R shift fork shaft 12 . The opening of the slot 92 is located away from the protruding portion 91 and extends toward the protruding portion 91 to form a limiting protrusion. The protruding portion 91 is matched with the dial 43 of the pulling piece 4 .

With such a structure, the paddle 4 , the finger 5 , and the interlocking plate 2 move axially along the shift shaft 1 in the gap of the forward shift fork opening 9 .

The operating principle of the shift mechanism with reverse braking function provided by the present invention is as follows:

When the reverse gear is selected, the finger 5 is selected to the fork position of the R shift fork shaft 12, the paddle 4 is selected to the position of the forward gear fork 9, and the paddle 4 The toggle head 43 is in clearance fit with the protruding portion 91 of the forward shift fork port 9 .

In the process of changing reverse gear, the shift shaft 1 rotates to drive the paddle 4 to move the forward gear fork opening 9 to move upward for 2~3mm (as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. The pin 21 and the slot 92 clearance fit on the forward gear fork port 9, so that the forward gear shift fork port 9 can move upwards), and the forward gear shift fork on the same forward gear shift fork shaft 10 as the forward gear shift fork port 9 11 Toggle the forward gear synchronizer 6. At this time, the forward gear synchronizer 6 starts to work, so that the forward gear synchronizer 6 moves axially along the input shaft 81 and the speed is synchronized with the speed of the gear gear 83, and the gear gear 83 and the output gear 83 are synchronized. Shaft 82 is gear meshed, and in the parking state, the rotational speed of output shaft 82 is zero, while the forward gear synchronizer 6 and the first reverse spur gear 71 are fixedly connected to the input shaft 81, so the rotational speed of the first reverse spur gear 71 is Brake is 0 or very low.

Wherein, both the first reverse gear 71 and the second reverse gear 72 are spur gears.

After the forward gear synchronizer 6 is synchronized with the gear gear, the shift head 43 of the paddle 4 crosses the protrusion 91 of the forward gear fork opening 9, and since the lock pin 14 and the forward gear fork shaft 10 are in the state shown in FIG. Under the spring compression force, the forward gear shift fork shaft 10 drives the forward gear shift fork port 9 and the forward gear synchronizer 6 back to the initial position shown in FIG. 9 . And continue to rotate the shift shaft 1, the finger 5 continues to rotate and stir the R gear fork shaft 12 to move upwards, and the reverse gear idler 8 is hung into the reverse gear 7 by the R gear shift fork mechanism 13 connected thereto. , as shown in Figure 10.

When returning to the neutral position of the reverse gear, the back surface 44 of the shift head of the paddle 4 is in contact with the top end of the protrusion 91 of the forward gear fork opening 9, and overcomes the torsion effect of the compression torsion spring 3 to rotate around the shift shaft. 1 rotates counterclockwise, as shown in FIG. 10 , the shift finger 5 returns to the neutral position driven by the shift shaft 1 .

When returning to the middle position of the forward gear, the back face 44 of the shifter 4 of the paddle 4 avoids the protrusion 91 of the forward gear shift fork 9 in the axial direction, and under the torsion effect of the compression torsion spring 3, it rotates around the The shift shaft 1 rotates clockwise, and the back side 44 of the paddle 4 returns to the state shown in FIG. 11 . Driven by the shift shaft 1, the shifting finger 5 returns to the neutral position of the forward gear as shown in FIG. 11 .

By implementing the present invention, when the reverse gear is engaged, the synchronization function of the forward gear can be used to slow down and brake the reverse spur gear without being engaged in the forward gear. The problem of high gear force when hitting gears and using lever synchronizers.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deduction or replacement can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of gearshift, which is characterized in that including：

Shifting shaft（1）；With the shifting shaft（1）Vertical forward gear shift fork axle（10）, R keep off shift fork axle（12）, input shaft（81） And output shaft（82）；Drive shift shift fork mouth（9）, drive shift synchronizer（6）, the first back gear（71）, the second back gear （72）And forward gear（83）；

The shifting shaft（1）It is socketed with interlock board successively（2）, pressure torsional spring（3）, plectrum（4）, reversal means（5）；The shifting shaft（1） Rotation drives the plectrum（4）, the plectrum（4）With the drive shift shift fork mouth（9）It matches；

The pressure torsional spring（3）A foot ride over the reversal means（5）On, another foot rides over the plectrum（4）On, and make the plectrum （4）Preload is resisted against the reversal means（5）On；The interlock board（2）It is connected across the reversal means（5）Both ends；

The reversal means（5）Limit protrusion is extended to form（50）, the limit protrusion（50）With the first opposite confined planes （51）With the second confined planes（52）, the plectrum（4）Including shifting block（43）, the shifting block（43）With the first opposite abutment face （41）With the second abutment face（42）, the pressure torsional spring（3）A foot ride over the limit protrusion（50）The first confined planes（51） On, the pressure torsional spring（3）A foot ride over the shifting block（43）The first abutment face（41）On, the limit protrusion（50） Two confined planes（52）With the shifting block（43）The second abutment face（42）Against；

The shifting shaft（1）With the forward gear shift fork axle（10）Between pass through the forward gear shift fork mouth（9）It is connected；Before described Into gear shift fork axle（10）On be socketed with forward gear shift fork（11）；The drive shift shift fork（11）With the drive shift shift fork mouth（9） It is connected；The drive shift shift fork（11）With the drive shift synchronizer（6）It matches；

First reverse gear（71）, the forward gear synchronizer（6）With the forward gear（83）It is socketed in institute successively State input shaft（81）On, second reverse gear（72）It is socketed in the output shaft（82）It is upper and with the first back gear（71） It is meshed.

2. gearshift as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the forward gear shift fork mouth（9）With notch, described group Piece（4）, reversal means（5）And interlock board（2）Positioned at the forward gear shift fork mouth（9）Notch in and can be along the shifting shaft（1）Axis To movement.

3. gearshift as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the gearshift further includes self-lock pin（14）, described Forward gear shift fork axle（10）On be provided with the slots of W types（102）, the self-lock pin（14）With the slot of the W types（102）It matches.

4. gearshift as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the plectrum（4）Including shifting block（43）, the forward gear Shift fork mouth（9）Including protrusion（91）, the shifting block（43）With the protrusion（91）It matches.

5. gearshift as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the reversal means（5）Including finger（54）, the forward gear Shift fork mouth（9）Offer slot（92）, the slot（92）Positioned at the protrusion（91）Side, the finger（54）Positioned at described Slot（92）In and with the forward gear shift fork axle（10）Or R keeps off shift fork axle（12）It matches.

6. gearshift as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the slot（92）Aperture position far from the protrusion （91）A lateral protrusion（91）Limit protrusion is extended to form.

7. gearshift as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first back gear（71）With second reverse gear Gear（72）It is spur gear.