CN105248368B - A method of promoting the double calves of beef cattle production - Google Patents
A method of promoting the double calves of beef cattle production Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种促进肉牛产双犊的方法，通过喂养催情饲料，注射孕马血清促性腺激素和氯前列醇后再配种；所述喂养催情饲料为期21天；所述孕马血清促性腺激素肌肉注射，注射量为每100公斤体重注射350个国际单位；所述氯前列醇肌肉注射，注射剂量为每头牛4mg，牛的体重400‑500公斤。本发明通过促进母牛产双犊，进而提高母牛群体的繁殖率；提高了母牛药物注射后真发情的比例，进而提高了母牛的受胎率；通过药物剂量的控制，保证了基本受精卵数量，同时又控制了着床胎儿数量；解决了牛群组织繁琐工作，将技术操作建立在正常的饲养管理的基础上，不增加额外的劳动量。此本发明的方法成本低，效率高，操作方便，适合于大规模推广。
The invention discloses a method for promoting double calving of beef cattle. By feeding aphrodisiac feed, injecting pregnant horse serum gonadotropin and cloprostinol and then mating; the feeding aphrodisiac feed lasts for 21 days; the pregnant horse serum gonadotropin Intramuscular injection of the hormone, the injection volume is 350 international units per 100 kg of body weight; the intramuscular injection of the cloprostinol, the injection dose is 4 mg per head of cattle, and the body weight of the cattle is 400-500 kg. The invention improves the reproductive rate of the cow population by promoting the cows to give birth to double calves; increases the proportion of true estrus of the cows after drug injection, and further improves the conception rate of the cows; and ensures basic fertilization through the control of the drug dosage The number of eggs and the number of implanted fetuses are controlled at the same time; the tedious work of cattle organization is solved, and the technical operation is based on normal feeding and management without adding additional labor. The method of the present invention has low cost, high efficiency, convenient operation and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于牲畜养殖技术领域，尤其涉及一种促进肉牛产双犊的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding, and in particular relates to a method for promoting double calving of beef cattle.
背景技术Background technique
目前在肉牛生产实践中，促进肉牛一胎双犊的技术主要是采用胚胎移植技术，移入两枚以上胚胎，产生双犊。也有在母牛人工授精配种后，再移入一枚胚胎，产生双犊。这种方法因为需要进行胚胎移植，所以受体牛组织数量较大(1∶10，处理1头供体母牛提供可用胚胎大约5-7枚，需要组织受体牛大约10头左右，而且只能移植2-3头，其它牛就是浪费，并耽误了正常配种)，所以成本比较高。而且胚胎移植受胎率也比较低，正常移植单枚冻胚移植受胎率在45％以下，而且如果已经做过人工授精，再移植胚胎，受胎率在30％以下。At present, in the practice of beef cattle production, the technology to promote beef cattle with twin calves is mainly to use embryo transfer technology to transfer more than two embryos to produce double calves. It is also possible that after the cow is artificially inseminated and mated, an embryo is transferred to produce double calves. Because this method requires embryo transfer, the number of recipient bovine tissues is relatively large (1:10, about 5-7 usable embryos are provided for one donor cow, and about 10 recipient cows are needed for tissue, and only If 2-3 cows can be transplanted, the other cows are a waste and delay the normal breeding), so the cost is relatively high. Moreover, the conception rate of embryo transfer is also relatively low. The conception rate of a single frozen embryo transfer in normal transfer is less than 45%, and if artificial insemination has been done and the embryo is transferred again, the conception rate is less than 30%.
现有肉牛生产母牛群体的繁殖率低，受胎率低。Existing beef cattle production cow populations have low reproductive rates and low conception rates.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种促进肉牛产双犊的方法，旨在解决现有肉牛生产母牛群体的繁殖率低，受胎率低的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting double calving of beef cattle, aiming to solve the problems of low reproductive rate and low conception rate of existing beef cow production cow populations.
本发明是这样实现的，一种促进肉牛产双犊的方法，所述促进肉牛产双犊的方法通过喂养催情饲料，注射孕马血清促性腺激素和氯前列醇后再配种。The present invention is realized in the following way, a method for promoting double calving of beef cattle. The method for promoting double calving of beef cattle is through feeding aphrodisiac feed, injecting serum gonadotropin and cloprostinol of pregnant horses and then mating.
进一步，所述喂养催情饲料为期21天。Further, the aphrodisiac feed is used for a period of 21 days.
进一步，所述孕马血清促性腺激素注射量为每100公斤体重注射350个国际单位。Further, the serum gonadotropin injection amount of the pregnant horse is 350 international units per 100 kg body weight.
进一步，所述氯前列醇肌肉注射，注射剂量为每头牛4mg，牛的体重400-500公斤。Further, the cloprostinol is intramuscularly injected, and the injection dose is 4 mg per cow, and the body weight of the cow is 400-500 kg.
进一步，所述注射孕马血清促性腺激素和氯前列醇时间在下午5-6点。Further, the injection time of pregnant horse serum gonadotropin and cloprostinol is at 5-6 pm.
进一步，所述注射孕马血清促性腺激素和氯前列醇间隔48小时。Further, the injection of serum gonadotropin of pregnant horse and cloprostinol is separated by 48 hours.
进一步，注射氯前列醇后48小时及72小时观察发情，发情表现12小时后第一次配种，间隔12小时后进行第二次配种。Further, estrus was observed 48 hours and 72 hours after the injection of cloprostinol, the first mating was performed 12 hours after the estrus, and the second mating was performed after an interval of 12 hours.
本发明提供的促进肉牛产双犊的方法，The method provided by the invention to promote beef cattle to give birth to double calves,
1、本发明通过促进母牛产双犊，进而提高母牛群体的繁殖率，2014年在内蒙古多伦县新民村2组试验处理母牛75头，产犊62头，群体繁殖率82.7。1. The present invention improves the reproductive rate of the cow population by promoting double calving of cows. In 2014, 2 groups of Xinmin Village, Duolun County, Inner Mongolia treated 75 cows, 62 calved, and the population reproductive rate was 82.7.
2、本发明提高了母牛药物注射后真发情的比例，进而提高了母牛的受胎率，2014年在内蒙古多伦县新民村2组试验处理母牛75头，发情68头，发情率90.6％，50头母牛产犊，受胎率73.5％，10头母牛产双犊，1头产三犊，双犊率22.0％”。2. The present invention increases the proportion of true estrus of cows after drug injection, and further improves the conception rate of cows. In 2014, 2 groups of Xinmin Village, Duolun County, Inner Mongolia treated 75 cows, 68 were in estrus, and the estrus rate was 90.6% %, 50 cows gave birth to calving, the conception rate was 73.5%, 10 cows gave birth to double calves, and 1 cow gave birth to three calves, the double calving rate was 22.0%.
3、本发明通过药物剂量的控制，使母牛的同期排卵数控制在2-3枚，进而既保证了基本受精卵数量，同时又控制了着床胎儿数量(超过3个成活率降低，易造成死胎)。3. The present invention controls the number of ovulations of the cow at 2-3 pieces through the control of the dose of the drug, thereby ensuring the basic number of fertilized eggs and simultaneously controlling the number of implanted fetuses (survival rate of more than 3 is reduced, easy cause stillbirth).
4、本发明解决了牛群组织的繁琐工作，将技术操作建立在正常的饲养管理的基础上，不增加额外的劳动量。4. The present invention solves the cumbersome work of cattle organization, and establishes the technical operation on the basis of normal feeding and management without adding extra labor.
5、本发明母牛群体产双犊率达到20％以上，达到国际领先水平。5. The double calving rate of the cow group of the present invention reaches more than 20%, reaching the international leading level.
6、成本低，每头牛处理费用不超过200元，催情饲料每吨4000-4500元(运费不同)，21天每头用料费为84-94.5元，药品费50-60，人工费40元。6. The cost is low, the processing cost of each cow is no more than 200 yuan, the aphrodisiac feed is 4000-4500 yuan per ton (the freight is different), the cost of materials per head for 21 days is 84-94.5 yuan, the cost of medicine is 50-60, and the labor cost is 40 Yuan.
7、效率高，处理牛群平均发情率在90％以上，同期受胎率在68％以上，双胎率在20％以上。7. High efficiency, the average estrus rate of the treated cattle is over 90%, the conception rate over the same period is over 68%, and the twin pregnancy rate is over 20%.
8、操作方便，本发明不需要进行手术，与一般饲养管理相似，不增加劳动量，也不需要精密的设施设备。8. The operation is convenient. The present invention does not require surgery, and is similar to general breeding and management. It does not increase the amount of labor and does not require sophisticated facilities and equipment.
9、技术难度小，不需要专业技术较高人员，本发明与人工授精一样简单，普通兽医和配种员就可完成。9. The technical difficulty is small, and high-tech personnel are not needed. The present invention is as simple as artificial insemination, and can be completed by ordinary veterinarians and breeders.
10、本发明适合于大规模推广。10. The present invention is suitable for large-scale promotion.
11、母牛在短期内表现发情，并且真发情率较高，受胎率较高，双胎率也较高。11. Cows show estrus in a short period of time, and the true estrus rate is higher, the conception rate is higher, and the twin pregnancy rate is also higher.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的促进肉牛产双犊的方法流程图。Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for promoting double calving of beef cattle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
本发明首先从营养补饲开始，为药物注射奠定内环境基础，然后通过药物剂量控制，实现定量排卵(2-3枚)和同期发情，整体提高母牛的受胎率和产双犊比例。本发明的目的是促进个体产双犊，进而提高肉牛群体的繁殖率。The present invention starts with nutritional supplementation, lays the internal environment foundation for drug injection, and then realizes quantitative ovulation (2-3 eggs) and synchronous estrus through drug dosage control, and improves the conception rate and double calving ratio of cows as a whole. The purpose of the present invention is to promote individual calving, and then improve the reproductive rate of beef cattle groups.
下面结合附图对本发明的应用原理作详细的描述。The application principle of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
S101：营养补充阶段，为期21天，在此期间每天补饲催情饲料1公斤，如果是放牧牛群，下午归牧后直接补饲；如果是舍饲牛群，用催情饲料代替舍饲料1公斤；S101: Nutritional supplementation stage, a period of 21 days, during this period, 1 kg of aphrodisiac feed is supplemented every day. If it is a herd of grazing cattle, it will be supplemented directly after returning to grazing in the afternoon; ;
S102：药物注射阶段，补饲催情饲料21天后，进行药物注射，共注射两针，第一针为孕马血清促性腺激素，肌肉注射，注射量为每100公斤体重注射350个国际单位，第一针注射后48小时注射第二针；第二针为氯前列醇，肌肉注射，注射剂量为每头牛4mg(体重400-500公斤)，注射时间尽量安排在下午5-6点；S102: In the drug injection stage, after 21 days of feeding aphrodisiac feed, drug injection was performed, with a total of two injections. The first injection was pregnant horse serum gonadotropin, intramuscular injection, the injection volume was 350 international units per 100 kg body weight, the second injection Inject the second injection 48 hours after the first injection; the second injection is cloprostinol, intramuscular injection, the injection dose is 4 mg per cow (body weight 400-500 kg), and the injection time should be arranged at 5-6 pm as much as possible;
S103：配种阶段，注射第二针后48小时及72小时观察发情，发情表现12小时后第一次配种，间隔12小时后进行第二次配种。S103: In the mating stage, estrus was observed 48 hours and 72 hours after the second injection, the first mating was performed 12 hours after the estrus, and the second mating was performed after an interval of 12 hours.
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的应用原理作进一步的说明。The application principle of the present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.
本发明是分为三个步骤：The present invention is divided into three steps:
第一阶段为营养补充阶段。为期21天。在此期间每天补饲催情饲料1公斤。如果是放牧牛群。下午归牧后直接补饲。如果是舍饲牛群，用催情饲料代替舍饲料1公斤。(如果正常补饲舍饲料2公斤，那么只需要较少1公斤舍饲料，增加1公斤催情饲料即可，总补饲量不变。)。The first stage is the nutritional supplement stage. for 21 days. During this period, 1 kg of aphrodisiac feed was supplemented every day. If it is grazing cattle. After returning to pasture in the afternoon, they will be supplemented directly. If it is house feeding cattle, use aphrodisiac feed instead of house feed 1 kg. (If the normal feeding house feed is 2 kg, then only 1 kg less house feed is needed, and 1 kg of aphrodisiac feed is added, and the total amount of supplementary feeding remains unchanged.).
第二阶段为药物注射阶段。补饲催情饲料21天后，进行药物注射。共注射两针。第一针为孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG，也称为马绒毛膜促性腺激素。它是在怀孕母马血清中发现的一种激素。PMSG具有类似FSH和LH的双重活性，但以FSH的作用为主，因此有着明显的促卵泡发育的作用，同时有一定的促排卵和黄体形成的功能。)，肌肉注射，注射量为每100公斤体重注射350个国际单位。第一针注射后48小时注射第二针。第二针为氯前列醇(为前列腺素F2α的合成同系物，白色或类白色的非晶形粉末)。肌肉注射，注射剂量为每头牛4mg(体重400-500公斤)。注射时间尽量安排在下午5-6点。The second stage is the drug injection stage. After 21 days of supplementary feeding with aphrodisiac feed, drug injection was performed. A total of two injections were given. The first injection is pregnant horse serum gonadotropin (PMSG, also known as equine chorionic gonadotropin. It is a hormone found in the serum of pregnant mares. PMSG has dual activities similar to FSH and LH, but in the form of FSH Therefore, it has the obvious effect of promoting follicle development, and also has certain functions of ovulation induction and corpus luteum formation.), intramuscular injection, the injection volume is 350 international units per 100 kg body weight. Inject the second dose 48 hours after the first dose. The second needle is cloprostinol (a synthetic homologue of prostaglandin F2α, white or off-white amorphous powder). Intramuscular injection, the injection dose is 4 mg per head of cattle (body weight 400-500 kg). The injection time should be arranged at 5-6 pm as much as possible.
第三个阶段为配种阶段。注射第二针后48小时及72小时观察发情。发情表现12小时后第一次配种，间隔12小时后进行第二次配种。The third stage is the mating stage. Estrus was observed 48 hours and 72 hours after the second injection. The first mating was performed 12 hours after the estrus performance, and the second mating was performed after an interval of 12 hours.
本发明采用营养补饲和药物催情相结合，通过集中催情，促进母牛适度增加排卵数量(2-3个)，然后人工授精，提高受胎率。实现提高母牛产双犊的概率。该发明技术流程简单、易于操作；成本低，每头牛200元；不影响正常生产，对提高群体繁殖率具有明显作用。本发明使用后，受胎母牛产双犊率在20％以上。The present invention adopts the combination of nutrient supplementary feeding and drug aphrodisiac, promotes cows to moderately increase the number of ovulations (2-3 ovulations) through concentrated aphrodisiac, and then artificially inseminates to increase the conception rate. To achieve an increase in the probability of cows giving birth to double calves. The technical process of the invention is simple and easy to operate; the cost is low, 200 yuan per cow; the normal production is not affected, and it has a significant effect on improving the reproduction rate of the group. After the present invention is used, the double calving rate of the conceived cow is above 20%.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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| CN201510661593.0A CN105248368B (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2015-10-15 | A method of promoting the double calves of beef cattle production |
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| CN106993571A (en) * | 2016-01-23 | 2017-08-01 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of method of rock oyster artificial induced spawning |
| CN109042515A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-21 | 阜阳师范学院 | Improve the attached method for planting quantity and nest litter size of body early embryo in goat body |
| CN110755172A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-07 | 甘蔗 | Cow sex-controlled double-fetus method |
| CN113693020A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-11-26 | 赛朝格图 | Simple method for scattered breeding of twins of cattle on grassland |
| CN114145878A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-03-08 | 华中农业大学 | Processing method for synchronous estrus-timing insemination of young buffalos |
| CN115868447B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2024-06-18 | 新疆天澳牧业有限公司 | Reproduction management method for synchronous estrus-returning and timing insemination of young cattle |
| CN118058233B (en) * | 2024-04-24 | 2024-07-16 | 中国农业大学 | Batch production method for improving sow farrowing rate or live birth number |
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| NZ525667A (en) * | 2000-10-05 | 2005-07-29 | Xy Inc | System of hysteroscopic insemination of mammals especially mares |
| WO2011045800A1 (en) * | 2009-10-12 | 2011-04-21 | Prashant Neminath Patil | Herbal compositions for inducing fertility in cattle |
| CN101779989A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-07-21 | 广东温氏食品集团有限公司 | Method for pig in-vitro fertilization and embryo transplantation |
| CN101856361A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-10-13 | 瓜州县龙兴畜牧产业发展有限公司 | Progesterone composite preparation for regulating and controlling estrus of cow |
| CN103083110A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-05-08 | 王廷斌 | Method capable of improving synchronization estrus rate and pregnancy rate of embryo transplantation receptor cattle |
| CN103340700B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-08-10 | 中国农业大学 | Induction cattle produces the method for double calf |
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