CN105238687A - Novel BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) determination system for continuous microorganism oxygen supply - Google Patents
Novel BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) determination system for continuous microorganism oxygen supply Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an apparatus for environmental science research, in particular to a novel BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) determination system for continuous microorganism oxygen supply. The novel BOD determination system comprises a continuous oxygen supply unit, a measuring unit, a constant-temperature culture device, a magnetic stirring device and a software recording module for controlling the whole system. An operating principle of the novel BOD determination system includes that microorganisms are biodegraded in a reaction vessel under the normal pressure and at the constant temperature to consume oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is absorbed by carbon dioxide absorbents on the upper portion of the reaction vessel, pressure in the reaction vessel is reduced so as to generate a pressure difference, a circuit in a U-shaped tube is connected to promote a constant-current power supply module to be turned on, a copper sulphate solution in an electrolysis vessel is subjected to electrolysis to produce oxygen, and a coulometer module starts to record electrolysis electric charge quantity; the oxygen is supplemented into the reaction vessel to enable the pressure difference of a U-shaped tube pressure meter to vanish, the circuit is disconnected, the constant-current power supply module is turned off, the electrolysis vessel stops electrolysis, and the coulometer module stops recording; the software recording module is controlled to process experimental data. The novel BOD determination system for continuous microorganism oxygen supply is capable of providing continuous oxygen supply and achieving precise temperature control.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Research of Environmental Sciences instrument, be specifically related to a kind of novel microorganism providing continuous oxygen supply, precise temp to control continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system.This system can be used for the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) that continuous oxygen supply detects all kinds of chemical substance; For biological degradation Journal of Sex Research, be applicable to the experiments etc. such as intrinsic biodegradation test, fast degraded biologically test, simulation biological degradation.
Technical background
Biological degradation refers to that aerobic microorganism is to the organic destruction of natural goods and synthesis or mineralization.Completed by the respiration of microorganism.The breathing of microorganism comprises: aerobic repiration and anaerobic respiration.Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (BiochemicalOxygenDemand writes a Chinese character in simplified form BOD), its definition is under aerobic conditions, the quantity of the free oxygen that aerobic microbiological oxygenolysis unit volume Organic substance in water consumes.Organic biological oxidation is a process slowly, needs could terminate for a long time.Generally using 5 days as the standard times measuring BOD, be thus referred to as five-day BOD, represent with BOD5.
Current chemical biodegradability test data are as one of the important indicator of chemical environment safety assessment.Some external countries and organizational structure (such as Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD, European Union EC, EPA USEPA) have formulated series of standards testing method for the biological degradability of chemical substance.These testing method have certain similarity.OECD devises the biological degradation standard method of test of a tertiary level, comprises fast degraded biologically test, intrinsic biodegradation test, simulation test.
Fast degraded biologically is tested, and the test period that chemical is decomposed by the microorganisms is shorter, and the chemical substance that biological degradation reaches maintenance level in 28 days can think to have rapid biodegradability.This kind of material can be biodegradable at short notice, very little to the harm of environment.
Intrinsic biological degradability: adopt best test conditions to measure tested material and contact the biological degradation potentiality shown with inoculum for a long time.The condition of intrinsic biological degradation design is more conducive to the biological degradability of compound, and compared with fast degraded biologically method, intrinsic biodegradation test method improves inoculum population density, and extends the test period that chemical is decomposed by the microorganisms.When chemical substance does not have rapid biodegradability, need to do intrinsic biodegradation test.
Simulated experiment refers to the test that chemical substance is decomposed by the microorganisms under simulating natural environment.Because envrionment conditionss all is in test all similar with physical environment, thus the testing data of gained truly can reflect the biological degradability of chemical substance.But due to the difference of test conditions, operating process, testing data comparability is not strong, and present stage is difficult to standardized and popularized.
The chemical biological degradability national standard of China mainly contains 15 at present, and wherein 12 standards are all the standards of IDT OECD.
At the biological degradability detection field of chemical, domestic detecting instrument function singleness, poor accuracy, level of automation are low, and domestic same category of device is very simple and easy, and detection flux, data accuracy cannot ensure.Imported product occupies main high-end market.
At present, there is following problem in intrinsic biological degradability context of detection in China:
It is large that chemical biological degradability detects demand.China is chemicals production big country, not only a large amount of production of chemicals of domestic enterprise, and existing a lot of overseas enterprise is using China as chemicals production base in recent years, and these chemical just can carry out after all needing to carry out biological degradability detection producing, using.Meanwhile, along with the development of foreign trade, a lot of chemical is preparing to enter China, and these chemical need just can be allowed to enter China through biodegradability test equally.Otherwise noxious chemical is discharged in environment, in water or soil, enrichment accumulation, causes very large potential safety hazard to China's environment and people ' s health.And the technology barriers that biological degradation causes, directly affect the foreign trade of China's chemical industry.
Test set is expensive, and testing cost is high.Chemical test result will, by international endorsement, must use the test rule of international endorsement to test, and the result of gained just has conviction power.And China is without the detecting instrument meeting these test philosophies now, current or main based on the above-mentioned three kinds of imported products mentioned, these equipment prices are expensive, and the production cycle is long, drastically increases testing cost.And some after services of product is cumbersome, cannot in uses such as most of GLP laboratory, mechanism for monitoring.
Domestic related products is blank.The biological degradability analytical instrument that current China produces, do not possess constant-flow oxygen system, constant temperature culture condition, detect flux few, the BOD5 of main mensuration water and waste water, not for the instrument having high toxicity, persistence, high accumulative chemical carry out intrinsic biological degradability analysis.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides one can oxygen supply continuously, provides constant temperature culture condition, detects the microorganism BOD Analytical system that flux is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of novel microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, comprises continuous oxygen supply unit, the measuring unit be connected with continuous oxygen supply unit, provides the constant temperature culture device of constant temperature culture condition, the software records module of magnetic stirring apparatus and control whole system.
Described novel microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, is characterized in that, described continuous oxygen supply unit comprises air container, reaction flask, electrolysis bottle and U-tube pressure warning unit.Electrolysis bottle is by electrolysis copper-bath to reaction flask oxygen supply, and air container is as a pressure reference, and reaction flask is for testing reaction.Therefore the order of connection between three bottles is: electrolysis bottle two ends are connected with reaction flask with air container respectively, U-tube pressure warning unit is connected with between electrolysis bottle and air container, pressure change between responding to two bottles, in U-tube, solution is copper-bath, respectively there is an electrode U-tube both sides, under connection air container one end is positioned at liquid level, connects electrolysis bottle one end and be positioned at ullage 2-3mm place.Three bottles are connected, and pressure identical (under normal pressure) in bottle, in U-tube, copper-bath liquid level is in same level.Under 20 DEG C of constant temperature condition of normal pressure, microorganism carries out biological degradation in reaction flask, consume oxygen and produce carbonic acid gas, carbonic acid gas is absorbed by the carbon-dioxide absorbent on reaction flask top (such as: calcium oxide), pressure drop in reaction flask, makes liquid level in U-tube change, and one end liquid level being connected with electrolysis bottle rises, circuit communication, and by electric signal transmission to measuring unit.
In the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described measuring unit mainly comprises the voltameter assembly of constant current power supply assembly and the metering quantity of electric charge providing electrolysis power.The pressure change between electrolysis bottle and air container is responded to by the U-tube pressure warning unit of described continuous oxygen supply unit, liquid level in U-tube is changed, one end liquid level being connected with electrolysis bottle rises, circuit communication, electric signal transmission is to constant current power supply assembly, constant current power supply assembly is opened, constant current power supply assembly starts to power to described electrolysis bottle, voltameter assembly starts to record the electrolysis quantity of electric charge simultaneously, in electrolysis bottle, copper-bath generation electrolysis produces oxygen, and oxygen enters reaction flask for microbial consumption by pipeline; The generation of oxygen makes the pressure difference ends between electrolysis bottle and air container, copper-bath liquid level build-up same level in U-tube, and circuit disconnects, and closes constant current power supply assembly, and electrolysis bottle stops electrolysis, and voltameter assembly stops record.
In the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described constant temperature culture device comprises constant temperature culture casing.The mode of the strong air-supply of described constant temperature culture casing employing accelerates the air cycle in casing, and cabinet wall is designed with air-supply outlet.Described constant temperature culture casing adopts sensitive temperature sensor to carry out temperature compensation adjustment, and within 2 DEG C, temperature variation can start-up temperature compensate.It is inner that above-mentioned continuous oxygen supply unit is placed in described constant incubator, and an above-mentioned constant incubator can hold the continuous oxygen supply unit of 8 cover.
In the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described magnetic stirring apparatus is positioned at the bottom, chassis of above-mentioned constant incubator, for the stir culture of reaction flask.Described magnetic stirring apparatus has two kinds of master modes: a kind of master mode is preset the magnetic agitation master mode of having programmed, and this pre-set magnetic agitation mode has got well the mixing direction of sample, time and rotating speed according to biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) normal experiment requirements set; Another kind of master mode is the different demands according to different experiments, self-defined magnetic agitation is set direction, time and rotating speed.
In the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, the software records module of described control whole system, can a set of software control many covers microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, converted by computer data record and directly obtain the numerical value of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), data form can be converted into graphic representation display, makes experimenter obtain experimental result intuitively.Experimental data can derive with Excel file form, also can connect printer and directly print experimental data.
Positively effect of the present invention is:
1. native system provides continuous oxygen supply can to biological degradability determination experiment, thorough solution is oxygen-deficient problem in biodegradation process, realize dynamically oxygen supply continuously under airtight cultivation conditions, make microorganism carry out eubolism breeding and to organic normal cleavage, ensure the reliability of experimental data.
2. utilize voltameter to detect change in electrical charge, electrolysis total amount of electric charge in electrolysis copper sulfate solution process, electrolysis electric charge has certain relation with producing oxygen, detecting electrolysis electric charge and be actually detection oxygen-consumption, detecting electrical signal sensitiveer, more accurate than detecting amount of oxygen.
3. software of the present invention can a set of software control many covers microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, converted by computer data record and directly obtain the numerical value of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), data form can be converted into graphic representation display, makes experimenter obtain experimental result intuitively.Experimental data can derive with Excel file form, also can connect printer and directly print experimental data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of novel microorganism of the present invention continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of novel microorganism of the present invention continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system constant temperature culture device
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of novel microorganism of the present invention continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system constant temperature culture device inner side
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of novel microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system.Comprise continuous oxygen supply unit 1, the measuring unit 11 be connected with continuous oxygen supply unit 1, the constant temperature culture device 13 of constant temperature culture condition is provided, the software records module 19 of magnetic stirring apparatus 17 and control whole system;
As shown in Figure 1, described novel microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, is characterized in that, described continuous oxygen supply unit comprises air container 5, reaction flask 2, electrolysis bottle 3 and U-tube pressure warning unit 4.Electrolysis bottle 3 gives reaction flask 2 oxygen supply by electrolysis copper-bath 7, and air container 5 is as a pressure reference, and reaction flask 2 is for testing reaction.Therefore the order of connection between three bottles is: electrolysis bottle 3 two ends are connected with reaction flask 2 with air container 5 respectively, U-tube pressure warning unit 4 is connected with between electrolysis bottle 3 and air container 5, pressure change between responding to two bottles, in U-tube 4, solution is copper-bath 7, respectively there is an electrode 6 U-tube both sides, under connection air container one end 6a is positioned at liquid level, connects electrolysis bottle one end 6b and be positioned at ullage 2-3mm place.Pressure identical (under normal pressure) in three bottles of bottles that are connected, in u-shaped pipe 4, copper-bath 7 liquid level is in same level.Under 20 DEG C of constant temperature condition of normal pressure, microorganism carries out biological degradation in reaction flask 2, consume oxygen and produce carbonic acid gas, carbonic acid gas is absorbed by the carbon-dioxide absorbent 8 (such as: calcium oxide) on reaction flask top, pressure drop in reaction flask 2, makes liquid level in U-tube 4 change, and one end 6b liquid level being connected with electrolysis bottle rises, circuit communication, and by electric signal transmission to measuring unit 11.
As shown in Figure 1, in the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described measuring unit 11 mainly comprises the voltameter assembly 10 of constant current power supply the assembly 9 and metering quantity of electric charge providing electrolysis power.The pressure change between electrolysis bottle 3 and air container 5 is responded to by the u-shaped tube manometer 4 of described continuous oxygen supply unit 1, liquid level in U-tube 4 is changed, one end 6b liquid level being connected with electrolysis bottle rises, circuit communication, electric signal transmission is to constant current power supply assembly 9, constant current power supply assembly 9 is opened, constant current power supply assembly 9 starts to power to described electrolysis bottle 3, voltameter assembly 10 starts to record the electrolysis quantity of electric charge simultaneously, in electrolysis bottle 3 there is electrolysis and produce oxygen in copper-bath 7, and oxygen enters reaction flask 2 for microbial consumption by pipeline 12; The generation of oxygen makes the pressure difference ends between electrolysis bottle 3 and air container 5, copper-bath 7 liquid level build-up same level in u-shaped pipe 4, and circuit disconnects, and close constant current power supply assembly 9, electrolysis bottle 3 stops electrolysis, and voltameter assembly 10 stops record.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, in the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described constant temperature culture device 13 comprises constant temperature culture casing 14.The air cycle that described constant temperature culture casing 14 adopts the mode of strong air-supply to accelerate in casing, cabinet wall is designed with air-supply outlet 15.Described constant temperature culture casing 14 adopts sensitive temperature sensor 16 to carry out temperature compensation adjustment, and within 2 DEG C, temperature variation can start-up temperature compensate.It is inner that above-mentioned continuous oxygen supply unit 1 is placed in described constant incubator 14, and an above-mentioned constant incubator 14 can hold the continuous oxygen supply unit 1 of eight covers.
As shown in Figure 3, in the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, described magnetic stirring apparatus 17 is positioned at the bottom, chassis 18 of above-mentioned constant incubator 14, for the stir culture of reaction flask 2.Described magnetic stirring apparatus 17 has two kinds of master modes: a kind of master mode is preset the magnetic agitation master mode of having programmed, and this pre-set magnetic agitation mode has got well the mixing direction of sample, time and rotating speed according to biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) normal experiment requirements set; Another kind of master mode is the different demands according to different experiments, self-defined magnetic agitation is set direction, time and rotating speed.
In the continuous oxygen supply BOD of the novel microorganism described in the invention described above Analytical system, the software records module 19 of described control whole system, can a set of software control many covers microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, converted by computer data record and directly obtain the numerical value of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), data form can be converted into graphic representation display, makes experimenter obtain experimental result intuitively.Experimental data can derive with Excel file form, also can connect printer and directly print experimental data.
Above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.Anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain that protection scope of the present invention should define with claim is as the criterion.
Claims (6)
1. a novel microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, comprises continuous oxygen supply unit, and the measuring unit be connected with continuous oxygen supply unit provides the constant temperature culture device of constant temperature culture condition, the software records module of magnetic stirring apparatus and control whole system; Its principle of work: under constant temperature condition of normal pressure, microorganism carries out biological degradation in reaction flask, consume oxygen and produce carbonic acid gas, carbonic acid gas is absorbed by the carbon-dioxide absorbent on reaction flask top, pressure drop in reaction flask, produces pressure difference, circuit communication in U-tube, impel constant current power supply to open, in electrolysis bottle, oxygen is produced in copper-bath electrolysis, and coulometer starts to record the electrolysis quantity of electric charge simultaneously; Oxygen replenishment, in reaction flask, makes the manometric pressure difference ends of U-tube, and circuit disconnects, and constant current power supply cuts out, and coulometer stops record, and electrolysis bottle stops electrolysis.
2. novel microorganism according to claim 1 continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, is characterized in that, described continuous oxygen supply unit comprises air container, reaction flask, electrolysis bottle and U-tube pressure warning unit.Electrolysis bottle electrolysis copper-bath produces oxygen, and air container is as a pressure reference; Electrolysis bottle two ends are connected with reaction flask with air container respectively, between electrolysis bottle and air container, be connected with U-tube pressure warning unit, in U-tube, solution is copper-bath, and respectively there is an electrode U-tube both sides, under connection air container one end is positioned at liquid level, connects electrolysis bottle one end and be positioned at ullage 2-3mm place; Three bottles are connected, and in bottle, pressure is identical, and in U-tube, copper-bath liquid level is in same level.
3. novel microorganism according to claim 1 continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, is characterized in that, described measuring unit mainly comprises the coulometer assembly of constant current power supply assembly and the metering quantity of electric charge providing electrolysis power.The pressure change between electrolysis bottle and air container is responded to by the U-tube pressure warning unit of described continuous oxygen supply unit, liquid level in U-tube is changed, one end liquid level being connected with electrolysis bottle rises, circuit communication, electric signal transmission is to constant current power supply assembly, constant current power supply assembly is opened, constant current power supply assembly starts to power to described electrolysis bottle, voltameter assembly starts to record the electrolysis quantity of electric charge simultaneously, in electrolysis bottle, copper-bath generation electrolysis produces oxygen, and oxygen enters reaction flask for microbial consumption by pipeline; The generation of oxygen makes the pressure difference ends between electrolysis bottle and air container, copper-bath liquid level build-up same level in U-tube, and circuit disconnects, and closes constant current power supply assembly, and electrolysis bottle stops electrolysis, and voltameter assembly stops record.
4. novel microorganism according to claim 1 continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, it is characterized in that, described constant temperature culture device comprises constant temperature culture casing, and the mode of the strong air-supply of described constant temperature culture casing employing accelerates the air cycle in casing, and cabinet wall is designed with air-supply outlet; Described constant temperature culture casing adopts sensitive temperature sensor to carry out temperature compensation adjustment, and within 2 DEG C, temperature variation can start-up temperature compensate; It is inner that above-mentioned continuous oxygen supply unit is placed in described constant incubator, and an above-mentioned constant incubator can hold the continuous oxygen supply unit of 8 cover.
5. novel microorganism according to claim 1 continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, is characterized in that, described magnetic stirring apparatus is positioned at the bottom, chassis of above-mentioned constant incubator, for the stir culture of reaction flask.Described magnetic stirring apparatus has two kinds of master modes: a kind of master mode is preset the magnetic agitation master mode of having programmed, and this pre-set magnetic agitation mode has got well the mixing direction of sample, time and rotating speed according to biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) normal experiment requirements set; Another kind of master mode is the different demands according to different experiments, self-defined magnetic agitation is set direction, time and rotating speed.
6. novel microorganism according to claim 1 continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, it is characterized in that, the software records module of described control whole system, can a set of software control many covers microorganism continuous oxygen supply BOD Analytical system, converted by computer data record and directly obtain the numerical value of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), data form can be converted into graphic representation display, makes experimenter obtain experimental result intuitively.Experimental data derives with Excel file form, also can connect printer and directly print experimental data.
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| CN108120757A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-05 | 北京托摩根生物科技有限公司 | A kind of microorganism BOD measurement systems continuously supplied oxygen |
| CN108120757B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 北京托摩根生物科技有限公司 | Microorganism BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) measuring system capable of continuously supplying oxygen |
| CN115197829A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-10-18 | 湖南碧臣环境能源有限公司 | Aerobic biodegradation test system and method |
| CN115197829B (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-30 | 湖南碧臣环境能源有限公司 | Aerobic biodegradation test system and method |
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Application publication date: 20160113 |