CN105225592A - A kind of collapse rock-fall model test apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rockfall model test device, which is composed of a full-angle rotating slope (1) and an auxiliary support mechanism that can adjust the slope angle, slope height and slope type of the full-angle rotating slope (1); the full-angle rotating slope ( 1) It consists of a front plate (10) and a rear plate (11) hinged through a hinge connector (12); the auxiliary support mechanism includes: a small base plate (4) and a support ( 3) The second support formed by the first support, the mid-sole plate (6) and the neutral plate (5) with arc-shaped chute arranged on the mid-sole plate (6), the large bottom plate (9) and the (9) The third support formed by the big vertical plate (8) with arc-shaped chute; Influenced by the motion characteristics, the combined shaking table can study the relevant characteristics of landslides and rockfalls under earthquake conditions. The test device has a simple structure, easy installation and disassembly, and strong operability, which has broad prospects for promotion.

Description

A rockfall model test device

technical field

The invention relates to the field of geological disaster model test devices, in particular to a model test device for landslides.

Background technique

Rockfall is one of the common geological disasters in mountainous areas. It has high frequency, strong suddenness, large randomness, various forms of movement, complex trajectories, and great difficulty in prevention and control. It often brings great damage to buildings in the affected area. It endangers the safety of people's life and property in the area affected by falling rocks, which is the type of geological disaster that should be guarded against in mountainous areas. Studying the initiation mechanism and movement characteristics of landslides is the premise and basis for effective prevention and control of landslides. At present, the research methods of landslides mainly include theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, field test and model test. Among them, the theoretical analysis is either only based on kinematics through some assumptions and theoretical derivation, or the factors affecting the rockfall movement characteristics are not considered comprehensively; the numerical simulation is based on certain assumptions, which is the idealization of the actual simulation , limited by many aspects such as model parameters, the correctness needs to be further verified; the field test is limited by the site, the test conditions are single, the universality of the results is limited, it is not suitable for statistical research on parameters, and it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and expensive. The safety is poor, and it is relatively difficult to complete independently; the test conditions under the model test conditions are relatively controllable, and it is easy to set conditions such as slope type, slope angle, and slope height. It has good applicability to the actual rockfall. In addition, the model test can be combined with the shaking table to study the relevant characteristics of the rockfall after the earthquake, which is an important means to study the rockfall.

A good model test device is the prerequisite for the smooth conduct of the model test and high reliability of the test data. Therefore, choosing the correct model test device is one of the key factors for the success of the model test. The slope type, slope height, slope angle and earthquake are important factors affecting the movement characteristics of landslides. However, the current test device has a single function, the slope angle cannot be continuously changed, the slope type is single and immutable, and the slope height can only be adjusted to a limited extent. The slope conditions are fixed and single, and the seismic action cannot be considered. Moreover, the test device is bulky, difficult to install and disassemble, and has poor operability.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rockfall model test device, which can effectively solve problems such as difficult continuous change of slope angle, single slope type and slope height, and difficulty in accurately considering earthquake action, so as to approach the actual situation and improve the level of model testing.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows:

A model test device for avalanches and rockfall, consisting of a full-angle rotating slope 1 and an auxiliary support mechanism that can adjust the slope angle, slope height and slope type of the full-angle rotating slope 1; the full-angle rotating slope 1 is composed of a front plate 10 and a rear plate 11 It is hinged by a hinge connector 12; the auxiliary support mechanism includes: the first support formed by the small bottom plate 4 and the support 3 arranged on the small bottom plate 4, the middle bottom plate 6 and the arc-shaped bottom plate arranged on the middle bottom plate 6 The second support formed by the neutral plate 5 of the chute, the third support formed by the large base plate 9 and the large vertical plate 8 with an arc-shaped chute arranged on the large base plate 9; there are two bolt grooves below the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 Plates (2a and 2b), one bolt channel plate 2a is connected with the support 3 through bolts, and the other bolt channel plate 2b is connected with the neutral plate 5 bolts through an arc-shaped chute; the length buffer groove 7 arranged under the rear plate 11 passes through The curved chute is connected with the large vertical plate with 8 bolts.

The first support, the second support and the third support are arranged symmetrically along the length direction of the full-angle rotating slope 1 .

There are screw holes on the small base plate 4, the middle base plate 6 and the large base plate 9, which are fixed on the vibrating table or other devices by bolts.

Like this, in the device of the present invention: the full-angle rotating bevel 1 is to make the front and rear two plates can rotate freely around the hinge connector 12 central axis full-angle under the effect of the hinge connector 12, and then the slope type of the slope is on the plane slope, Freely switch between concave polyline slope and concave polyline slope.

Bolt channel plate 2b is arranged under the front plate 10 of full-angle rotating inclined plane 1, and the center of this bolt channel plate 2b is at the midpoint position of the connection between front plate 10 and rear plate 11, and is only connected with front plate 10, and with rear plate 10. The plates 11 are not connected, and this method is to ensure that the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 can rotate around the arc groove on the neutral plate 5 and also can rotate between the front plate 10 and the rear plate 11.

The length buffer groove 7 is arranged at the end of the back plate 11 of the full-angle rotating bevel 1, and it is used in conjunction with the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate 5 and the large vertical plate 8. Play length buffer effect during, the length of length buffer groove 7 is decided by the difference of the maximum value and the minimum value of the length of rear plate 11 between neutral plate 5 and large vertical plate 8 when the slope type conversion.

The center line of the arc chute of neutral plate 5 is the circular arc centered on the center of support 3 screw holes, and its radius is the center distance of 5 arc chute center lines of neutral plate to support 3 screw holes.

The purpose of setting the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate 5 is to make the front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 rotate with the center of the screw hole of the support 3 as the center of circle. The bolt channel plate 2b is connected with the upper chute of the neutral plate 5 by bolts, loosen the bolts, the front plate 10 can slide around the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate 5, adjust the slope angle and slope height of the front plate 10, lock the bolts, and fix the full angle Rotate the ramp 1 rotation axis to the specified position.

The large vertical plate 8 is provided with an arc-shaped chute, and the center line of the arc-shaped chute is a circular arc centered on the center of the support 3 screw holes, and its radius is from the center line of the large vertical plate 8 arc-shaped chute to the support 3 screw holes. Hole center distance.

The purpose of setting the arc-shaped chute of the large vertical plate 8 is to make the rear plate 11 rotate with the rotation axis of the hinge connector 12 as the central axis. The bolt rod passes through the length buffer groove 7 and the chute, and the bolt is loosened. Slide around the arc-shaped chute of the large vertical plate 8, adjust the slope angle and slope height of the rear plate 11, thereby changing the slope type of the full-angle rotating slope 1; lock the bolts, set and lock the slope height of the full-angle rotating slope 1.

The two bolt groove plates (2a and 2b) are made up of equilateral angle steel, and one wing has a round hole, which is placed on the front and rear ends of the front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1, and bolts are placed to connect the vertical plate and the support 3, The role of the front panel 10.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

A rockfall simulation device capable of changing slope angle, slope type, and slope height is provided, which can study the influence of different slope structure conditions on the movement characteristics of collapsed rock blocks. In addition, earthquakes are one of the main factors leading to the collapse of dangerous rocks. Using model devices and combined with shaking tables, the relevant characteristics of rockfalls under earthquake conditions can be studied. The test device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and disassembly, strong operability, and broad promotion prospect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of a kind of collapse rockfall model test device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a full-angle rotating inclined plane;

Fig. 3 is a simplified diagram of a bolt channel; wherein, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the length buffer tank; wherein, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a side view.

Marks and corresponding component names in the attached drawings:

1-full-angle rotating slope, 2a-bolt groove plate, 2b-bolt groove plate, 3-support, 4-small bottom plate, 5-neutral plate, 6-middle bottom plate, 7-length buffer groove, 8-large vertical plate , 9-large bottom plate, 10-front plate, 11-rear plate, 12a and 12b-hinge connector.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, a kind of avalanche rockfall model test device component of the present invention comprises full-angle rotating inclined plane 1, small bottom plate 4, middle bottom plate 6, large bottom plate 9, and the support set on small bottom plate 4 Seat 3, the neutral plate 5 arranged on the middle bottom plate 6, the large vertical plate 8 arranged on the large bottom plate 9, the bolt groove plates (2a and 2b) and the length buffer groove 7 arranged below the full-angle rotating slope 1. The full-angle rotating slope 1 includes a front panel 10, a rear panel 11 and a hinge connector 12, and the hinge connector 12 has two components 12a and 12b. The support 3, the neutral plate 5, and the large vertical plate 8 are respectively connected with the small base plate 4, the middle base plate 6, and the large base plate 9, and the front plate 10, the left side of the rotating shaft, and the rear plate 11 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 are respectively equipped with bolts The groove plate 2a, the bolt groove plate 2b and the length buffer groove 7, the bearing 3 is connected together with the front plate 10 by bolts through the bolt groove plate 2a, the neutral plate 5 is connected with the full-angle rotating slope 1 by bolts through the bolt groove plate 2b Together, the large vertical plate 8 is connected with the rear plate 11 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 by bolts through the length buffer groove 7, and the small base plate 4, the middle base plate 6, and the large base plate 9 all have screw holes, and the device is fixed on the vibration by bolts. table or other device.

The full-angle rotating slope 1 is formed by connecting the front plate 10 and the rear plate 11 through the hinge connector 12. The angle can be rotated freely, and then the slope type can be freely converted between flat slope, upward concave broken line slope and downward concave broken line slope. The front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 is connected with the support 3 through the bolt on the bolt channel plate 2a; the bolt channel plate 2b is installed under the front plate 10 on the left side of the rotating shaft, and the center of the bolt channel plate 2b is located between the front plate 10 and the rear plate 11 is at the midpoint of the connection, and is only connected to the front plate 10, not to the rear plate 11. This connection is to ensure that the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 can rotate around the arc groove on the neutral plate 5, Also can rotate between front plate 10 and back plate 11; Back plate 11 one side below also is equipped with length buffer groove 7, and bolt passes through the arc groove on length buffer groove 7 and big vertical plate 8 to connect back plate 11 with big vertical plate. Riser 8 is connected.

The support 3 has a combined structure consisting of a triangular bracket and a nut, on which a nut is placed, and the bolt passes through the nut on the support 3 and the bolt groove plate 2a below the front plate 10 to connect the front plate 10 and the support 3 together. Loosen the bolts, rotate the full-angle rotating slope 1 with the bolts as the rotating shaft, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the slope of the full-angle rotating slope 1, lock the bolts, and the front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating slope 1 is fixed, and the front plate 10 cannot be leveled. move and turn.

Described neutral plate 5 is provided with arc-shaped chute, and the arc-shaped chute centerline is the circular arc centered on the center of support 3 screw holes, and its radius is 5 arc-shaped chute centerlines of neutral plate to support 3 screw holes. The center distance of the hole, the purpose of setting the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate 5 is to make the front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 rotate with the center of the screw hole of the support as the center of the circle, and the bolt rod passes through the bolt groove plate 2b and the chute , Loosen the bolts, the front plate 10 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 slides around the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate 5, and adjust the slope angle and height of the front plate 10; lock the bolts, and fix the rotating shaft of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 at a designated position.

The large vertical plate 8 is provided with an arc-shaped chute, and the center line of the arc-shaped chute is a circular arc centered on the center of the support 3 screw holes, and its radius is from the center line of the large vertical plate 8 arc-shaped chute to the support 3 screw holes. The center distance of the holes, the purpose of setting the large vertical plate 8 arc-shaped chute is to make the rear plate 11 of the full-angle rotating inclined plane 1 can rotate with the axis of the hinge connector 12 as the axis of rotation. The bolt rod passes through the length buffer groove 7 and the chute, the bolt is loosened, and the rear plate 11 of the inclined plane 1 rotates around the arc chute of the large vertical plate 8 at a full angle to adjust the slope angle and slope height of the rear plate 11, thereby changing the full angle The slope type of the rotating slope 1; lock the bolts to set the slope height of the rotating slope 1 at all angles.

Length buffer groove 7 is made by equilateral angle steel, and one wing has groove, and length buffer groove 7 is arranged on the rear plate 11 end of full-angle rotating inclined plane 1, and it is used in conjunction with the arc chute of neutral plate 5 and large vertical plate 8, in When changing the slope type, slope angle and slope height of the full-angle rotating slope 1, it acts as a length buffer. The length of the length buffer groove 7 is determined by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the length of the back plate 11 between the neutral plate 5 and the large vertical plate 8 when the slope type is converted.

Small base plate 4, middle base plate 6, large base plate 9 are made up of steel plates, and bolt holes are arranged on it, and the number of bolt holes depends on the pitch of the vibration table bolt holes.

Described bolt channel plate (2a and 2b) is made up of equilateral angle steel, and one wing has circular hole, is installed on the front and back two ends of the front plate 10 of full-angle rotating inclined plane 1, places bolt, connects vertical plate and bearing 3, The role of the front panel 10.

It should be pointed out that the above description is only to illustrate some principles of a rockfall simulation test device of the present invention, since it is easy for those of ordinary skill in the same technical field to make some modifications and changes on this basis. Therefore, this description is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific structure and scope of application shown and described, so all corresponding modifications and equivalents that may be used belong to the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A kind of collapsing rockfall model test device, it is characterized in that, is made up of the auxiliary supporting mechanism of slope angle, slope height and slope type of adjustable full-angle rotating inclined-plane (1) and full-angle rotating inclined-plane (1); Full-angle rotating The slope (1) is composed of a front plate (10) and a rear plate (11) hinged through a hinge connector (12); the auxiliary support mechanism includes: a small base plate (4) and a support (3) arranged on the small base plate ) composed of the first support, the mid-sole plate (6) and the second support formed by the neutral plate (5) with arc-shaped chute arranged on the mid-sole plate, the large bottom plate (9) and the large bottom plate (9) The third support formed by the large vertical plate (8) with arc-shaped chute; there are two bolt channel plates (2a and 2b) under the full-angle rotating inclined plane (1), and one bolt channel plate (2a) passes through the bolt and the support The seat (3) is connected, and the other bolt groove plate (2b) is bolted to the neutral plate (5) through an arc-shaped chute; the length buffer groove (7) arranged under the rear plate (11) is connected to the large Riser (8) bolt connection; The first support, the second support, and the third support are arranged symmetrically along the length direction of the full-angle rotating slope (1); There are screw holes on the small base plate (4), the middle base plate (6) and the large base plate (9), which are fixed on the vibrating table or other devices by bolts. 2. A rockfall model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length buffer tank (7) has a long hole. 3. A kind of collapsing and rockfall model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center line of the arc-shaped chute of the neutral plate (5) is centered on the center of the screw hole of the support (3) Arc, its radius is the central distance from the central line of the neutral plate (5) arc chute to the support (3) screw hole. 4. A kind of collapsing rockfall model test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center line of the arc-shaped chute of the large vertical plate (8) is centered on the center of the screw hole of the support (3) The circular arc, its radius is the central distance from the central line of the large vertical plate (8) arc chute to the support (3) screw hole. 5. A kind of collapsing rockfall model test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described two bolt channel plates (2a and 2b) are made of equilateral angle steel, and a wing of angle steel has circular hole, is placed on Bolts are placed at the front and back ends of the front plate (10) of the full-angle rotation inclined plane (1), which plays the role of connecting the vertical plate and the support (3) and the front plate (10).