CN105214188B - Laryngeal mask with multiple tube cavities - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-lumen laryngeal mask comprises a breather pipe and an inflatable mask connected with the breather pipe, which are arranged on a common laryngeal mask, and a pharyngeal conduit which is adjacent to the breather pipe, is independent and leads to the back of the inflatable mask; oropharyngeal secretion, blood or gastric reflux liquid gathered at the periphery of the inflatable mask and the laryngeal part of the pharynx can be sucked into the pharyngeal conduit through a plurality of pharyngeal vents at the far end of the pharyngeal conduit and then sucked away and discharged, and the occurrence of aspiration or laryngeal spasm is avoided.

Description

multi-lumen laryngeal mask

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of laryngeal masks, in particular to a multi-lumen laryngeal mask.

Background technique

Since the advent of the laryngeal mask in the 1980s, it has been widely used in various clinical situations, including airway management during surgical anesthesia, and is known as the three major respiratory tools together with the mask and tracheal intubation. When properly placed, the inflatable mask of the laryngeal mask covers and seals the larynx, with its tip falling just above the upper opening of the esophagus and the lumen of its ventilation tube facing the glottis.

The laryngeal mask has many advantages. It can be used as a ventilation device, as a guide tube for tracheal intubation, and as a rescue tool for tracheal extubation in patients with difficult airways. However, during surgery, oral secretions, gastric reflux fluid, or airway bleeding may collect and remain in the oropharynx and pharynx, which may be difficult for clinical staff to detect, although these fluids are located in the patient's mouth and isolated from the patient's body. Respiratory tract, but because the seal between the inflatable mask of the laryngeal mask and the throat is not 100%, if there is a slight negligence, these body fluids will enter the respiratory tract, causing fatal aspiration or laryngospasm.

Although laryngeal masks and other supraglottic airways can guide endotracheal intubation, none of the disposable supraglottic airways provide visualization of the glottis. Endotracheal intubation via the laryngeal mask or other supraglottic airway is therefore virtually blind or with the aid of a flexible bronchoscope. The former approach has a low success rate and carries the risk of perilaryngeal injury, especially if repeated procedures are required; the latter approach usually requires additional personnel to assist. In daily use, it often happens that the laryngeal mask is successfully placed but cannot be ventilated. In fact, the probability of not being able to achieve effective ventilation after the first attempt is as high as 30%. LMAs and other supraglottic airways may malfunction during use even after proper insertion, such as abnormal sounds, air leaks, increased airway resistance, and decreased ventilation. Because there is no visualization, there is no reliable way to judge or identify the cause of the failure. This situation is especially worrisome in cases of difficult airway or difficult positioning.

In addition, preformed laryngeal masks are easy to place but not malleable, making them inconvenient for nasal, sinus, or head and neck surgery. At the same time, for patients with abnormal airway or small jaw, this laryngeal mask often cannot form a good laryngeal sealing condition. In contrast, flexible laryngeal masks are not easy to place and do not have a gastric drainage mechanism.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose a multi-lumen laryngeal mask capable of sucking out the body fluid accumulated near the laryngeal mask at any time so as to avoid aspiration or laryngospasm caused by leakage.

For reaching this purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The multi-lumen laryngeal mask includes an inflatable mask and a ventilation tube, and is also provided with a pharynx passage tube. The distal section of the pharynx passage tube is arranged on the back of the inflatable mask and has a pharynx passage hole.

The pharynx tube is divided into two pharynx tubes at the back of the inflatable mask, which are respectively located in the shallow groove between the back of the inflatable mask and the edge of the mask on both sides of the back of the inflatable mask, and continue to extend until the The distal end of the inflatable hood.

The two pharynx passage tubes are sunk in the inflatable hood, and only the pharynx passage holes are exposed from the outside.

The proximal section of the pharyngeal tube is attached to the ventilation tube; the proximal section of the pharyngeal tube is longer than the part of the ventilation tube in a free state.

The proximal segment of the pharyngeal tube is free from the ventilation tube.

Preferably, a video tube is also provided, and the video tube is close to one side of the ventilation tube throughout the whole process, close to the pharyngeal tube, and gradually turns to the midline of the laryngeal mask at the distal end of the ventilation tube and embedded in the The cover back of the inflatable cover forms a transparent blind end for accommodating and protecting video components, and the transparent blind end is located at the middle back of the cover back.

Preferably, a gastric tube is also provided, and the gastric tube is close to one side of the ventilation tube and continues to extend along the back and right side of the inflatable mask, and gradually Turning towards the midline of the laryngeal mask, a gastric port is formed at the tip of the distal end of the inflatable mask.

The ventilation tube is divided into a proximal section and a distal section, the distal section is made of soft or semi-soft material and has certain plasticity, and the proximal section is made of hard material to form a reinforcing ring.

Preferably, a support arm is also provided, the proximal end of the support arm is provided with two encircling elastic clips, and the far end is provided with a groove formed by a dovetail; ring, and the groove is stuck at the joint between the vent pipe and the inflatable cover.

The proximal section of the pharynx passage is provided with a three-way, the first end of the three-way is connected with the pharynx passage, the second end is connected with the negative pressure liquid suction device, and the third end is vacant.

With the multi-lumen laryngeal mask of the present invention, the oral secretions, blood or gastric reflux collected on the periphery of the inflatable mask and the throat are sucked away through the pharyngeal hole and the pharyngeal tube to avoid aspiration or leakage when leakage occurs. Laryngospasm.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the right side of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the pharynx passage tube is an attached type, and a stomach passage tube is provided.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an approximate front structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the approximate rear structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the approximate left side of Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the pharynx tube is an adhesive type, and a stomach tube and a video tube are provided.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the approximate back structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention, the pharynx tube is a free type, and a stomach tube and a video tube are provided.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the approximate back side of Embodiment 3 of the present invention in another direction.

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view of the approximate front of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the support arm in various embodiments of the present invention.

Among them: ventilation tube A, proximal section (reinforcing ring) A1, distal section A2, inflatable tube B, gastric tube G, pharyngeal tube S, S1, S2, tee S3, video tube V, inflatable mask 1, Stomach-through hole 11, throat-through hole 12, cover back 14, cover edge 15, support arm 2, elastic clip 21, dovetail 22, groove 23.

detailed description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

Referring to Fig. 1, the direction approaching the inflatable cover 1 is the far end, and the direction approaching the air tube A is the proximal end, which is relative to the operator, the inflatable cover 1 is far away from the operator, and the air tube A is close to the operator.

The front, back, left and right are all considered when the laryngeal mask is inserted into the mouth. The back of the laryngeal mask is based on Figure 1, that is, the right side is the vertical paper surface outward, and the left side is the vertical paper surface inward; the ventilation tube A is curved, and the curved outer part is the back, and the curved inner part is the front or front.

Example 1

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the multi-lumen laryngeal mask of this embodiment, in addition to the inflatable mask 1 and the ventilation tube A of the ordinary laryngeal mask, is also provided with a pharynx tube S, and the pharynx tube S The distal end section of the inflatable mask 1 is arranged on the back of the inflatable mask 1, and a pharyngeal hole 12 is opened.

The pharynx passage S is divided into two pharynx passages S1 and S2 at the back of the inflatable mask 1, which are respectively located in the shallow groove between the back 14 and the edge 15 of the mask on both sides of the back of the inflatable mask 1 , and continue to extend until the far end of the inflatable mask 1, creating a sufficient suction area at the lowest point of the throat around the laryngeal mask. The shape of the inflatable mask 1 is carefully designed, fully conforms to the structural characteristics of the conventional human throat, and cannot be easily changed. Therefore, the pharyngeal passage tubes S1 and S2 are arranged in shallow grooves, and will not protrude from the surface of the inflatable mask 1, and the external shape of the inflatable mask 1 will not be changed at all as a whole (only a few pharyngeal openings 12 can be seen from the back. ), so that it has a wider adaptability and avoids the influence of the insertion of the inflatable mask 1 due to the existence of the pharyngeal tube S.

The pharynx passages S1 and S2 on the left and right sides are combined into a pharynx passage S at the proximal end of the inflatable mask 1 . The proximal section of the pharyngeal tube S is attached to the left side of the ventilation tube A, and the proximal end of the part of the pharynx tube S whose length exceeds the ventilation tube A is provided with a free three-way S3, the first end of the three-way S3 Connect the pharyngeal tube S, the second end is connected to the negative pressure suction device, and the third end is left empty. The negative pressure liquid suction equipment runs continuously, and when the third end of the three-way S3 is blocked by hand, it starts to absorb liquid; when the third end of the three-way S3 is loosened by hand, the liquid suction equipment can only suck the ambient air , will not suck the liquid in the oral cavity, so the operation of the suction tube S can be controlled very flexibly. Normally, the first end and the second end are located on the same straight line, and the third end is perpendicular to the first end and the second end.

Oral secretions, blood or gastric reflux accumulated on the periphery of the inflatable mask 1 and the throat are sucked away through the pharyngeal opening 12 and the pharyngeal tube S to avoid aspiration or laryngospasm when leakage occurs. The inner diameter of the pharyngeal tube S is 3-3.5 mm, which does not need to be too thick, and the accumulated liquid can be sucked away by activating the suction device at regular or irregular times.

The proximal section of the pharyngeal tube S is entirely attached to the ventilation tube A, so that the various pipelines of the entire laryngeal mask are gathered together, which is beneficial to the management of the lumen.

This embodiment is also provided with a gastric tube G, which is close to the right side of the ventilation tube A and continues to extend along the back and right side of the inflatable mask 1. The distal end of the back 14 gradually turns to the midline of the laryngeal mask, and a stomach opening 11 is formed at the tip of the distal end of the inflatable mask 1 . The gastric opening 11 of the correctly installed laryngeal mask is just aligned with the upper end of the esophagus, and the diameter of the gastric tube G is 4.5mm. Gastric tube G can discharge the leakage gas of the laryngeal mask at any time, and at the same time, a suction tube or gastric tube with an outer circumference of 12F to 14F can be introduced into the stomach through the gastric tube G to timely discharge gas and residual gastric juice in the stomach. For the laryngeal mask, 12F-14F refers to the outer circumference of 12mm-14mm.

The ventilation tube A is divided into a proximal section A1 and a distal section A2, the distal section A2 is made of soft or semi-soft material and has a certain degree of plasticity, and the proximal section A1 is made of a hard material to form a reinforced Ring A1.

The plastic ventilation tube A can flexibly adjust the position of the ventilation tube A exposed outside the mouth after the laryngeal mask is inserted into the mouth, thereby avoiding the problem that the hard ventilation tube A hinders the doctor's operation during oral or facial surgery.

1 and 8, the present embodiment is also provided with a support arm 2, the proximal end of the support arm 2 is provided with two embracing elastic clips 21, and the distal end is provided with a groove 23 formed by a dovetail 22; The elastic clip 21 is clamped on the reinforcing ring A1 at the proximal end of the ventilation tube A, and the groove 23 is clamped at the connection between the ventilation tube A and the inflatable cover 1 .

When inserting the laryngeal mask, the ventilation tube A and the support arm 2 together become the handle when inserting the laryngeal mask, and it is installed according to the insertion method of the hard pre-formed laryngeal mask, and the support arm 2 can be held to adjust the position of the laryngeal mask. position and orientation for easy insertion of the laryngeal mask. After the laryngeal mask is installed in place, the elastic clip 21 is located at the proximal end, near the mouth, and the groove 23 is located at the far end, in the mouth, and cannot be touched by hand. When the support arm 2 needs to be disassembled, only the elastic clip 21 needs to be removed, and the groove 23 will fall off naturally, and the operation is very convenient. After the installation is stable, remove the support arm 2, adjust the position of the air tube A of the shapeable or bendable laryngeal mask, and fix it at a position that does not affect the operation, such as fixing it on the patient's face with adhesive tape, and then the mouth, nose or mouth can be performed. Had facial surgery.

The ventilation tube A is a semicircular airway lumen with a maximum inner diameter of 14×15 mm, which can guide #8.0 endotracheal tubes to pass through.

Example 2

Referring to Fig. 4, on the basis of Embodiment 1, not only a gastric tube G is provided, but a video tube V is also provided in this embodiment, and the video tube V is closely attached to one side of the ventilation tube A throughout the whole process, and is close to the ventilation tube A. The pharyngeal tube S gradually turns to the midline of the laryngeal mask at the far end of the ventilation tube A and is embedded in the mask back 14 of the inflatable mask 1 to form a transparent blind end for accommodating and protecting video components. The end is located at the middle back of the cover back 14.

The inner diameter of the video tube V is 3.5mm. Equipped with a digital imaging probe with a diameter of 2.8-3.2mm or a flexible bronchoscope, it can provide video images of the larynx and glottis. The success rate is also helpful for diagnosing faults or abnormalities during the use of the laryngeal mask at any time. At the same time, the laryngeal mask can also be used as an auxiliary tool for tracheal intubation in difficult airways. After the laryngeal mask is installed, the video component can be used to provide accurate images, which can ensure the success rate of tracheal intubation.

Because the video tube V penetrates the ventilation cover 1 from the proximal end of the ventilation tube A, the video component enters the transparent blind end of the inflatable cover 1 from outside the patient's mouth through the video tube V, so the video component can not get in contact with human tissue and body fluid in the whole process. contacts, so video components can be reused, saving costs. If only the transparent blind end is set in the inflatable cover 1, and there is no video tube V, the video element must pass through the patient's mouth when inserted into the transparent blind end, and it will still pollute each other with the patient's tissue and body fluid, so that the video element cannot be reused, and the cost will be reduced. very high.

The video component can be inserted into the video tube V at any desired moment, and it is not used most of the time at ordinary times, and the video does not need to be turned on all the time; the video tube is only needed in case of emergency or tracheal intubation. The cost of the video tube V is very low, and it is molded together in the manufacture of the laryngeal mask, which hardly increases the cost. The high cost is the video component and the display system, and in this embodiment, these devices can be reused, so the cost is greatly reduced . The video tube V is very thin and does not affect the use of the laryngeal mask. The diameter of the smallest video device is 2.8mm.

Example 3

Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, in this embodiment, a pharynx tube S, a video tube V and a stomach tube G are provided; the video tube V is located on the left side of the ventilation tube A, and the stomach tube Tube G is located to the right of said vent tube A, and the proximal segment of said vent tube S is completely free from said vent tube A, forming a free end.

The free pharyngeal tube S is conducive to the symmetrical design of the laryngeal mask. The left side of the ventilation tube A is a video tube V, and the right side is a gastric tube G, which is symmetrical and beautiful and easy to operate.

The above describes the technical principles of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention, and cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation modes of the present invention without creative efforts, and these modes will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. more than tube chamber laryngeal mask, including inflatable cover (1) and breather pipe (A), it is characterised in that：Logical pharyngeal canal (S) is additionally provided with, it is described logical The distal ports of pharyngeal canal (S) are arranged on the back of the inflatable cover (1), and offer logical pharynx hole (12)；

Video tube (V) is additionally provided with, video tube (V) whole process is close to breather pipe (A) side, against the logical pharyngeal canal (S) cover for, turning to the center line of the laryngeal mask and the embedded inflatable cover (1) gradually in the distal end of the breather pipe (A) carries on the back (14), The transparent cecum for accommodating and protecting video component is formed, the transparent cecum is located at the middle back of the cover back of the body (14)；

The breather pipe (A) point proximal segment (A1) and distal ports (A2), the distal ports (A2) are by soft or semi-soft material system Make and there is plasticity, the proximal segment (A1) is made up of hard material and forms stiffener rings (A1)；

Support arm (2) is additionally provided with, the near-end of the support arm (2) is provided with two elastic clips (21) for encircling shape, distally set It is equipped with the groove (23) of dovetail (22) formation；The elastic clip (21) is clipped in the stiffener rings (A1) of the breather pipe (A) near-end, institute State the junction that groove (23) is stuck in the breather pipe (A) and the inflatable cover (1).

2. laryngeal mask according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Back portion of the logical pharyngeal canal (S) in the inflatable cover (1) For two logical pharyngeal canals (S1, S2), the cover of its (S1, S2) respectively positioned at the back both sides of the inflatable cover (1) carries on the back (14) and cover edge (15) in the shallow ridges between, and continue to extend up to the distal end of the inflatable cover (1).

3. laryngeal mask according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Two logical pharyngeal canals (S1, S2) are trapped in the inflation Cover in (1), externally only expose the logical pharynx hole (12).

4. laryngeal mask according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The proximal segment of the logical pharyngeal canal (S) is attached at the ventilation Manage (A), the proximal segment of the logical pharyngeal canal (S) is longer than the part of the breather pipe (A) in free state.

5. laryngeal mask according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The proximal segment of the logical pharyngeal canal (S) is free on the ventilation Manage (A).

6. laryngeal mask according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Logical stomach tube (G) is additionally provided with, the logical stomach tube (G) is close to Continue extension in the side of the breather pipe (A) and along on the right side of the back of the body of the inflatable cover (1), carried on the back in the cover of the inflatable cover (1) (14) distal end is increasingly turned to the center line of the laryngeal mask, and logical gastrostome (11) is formed in the tip of the distal end of the inflatable cover (1).

7. laryngeal mask according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The proximal segment of the logical pharyngeal canal (S) is provided with threeway (S3), The logical pharyngeal canal (S) of first end connection of the threeway (S3), the second end is connected with negative-pressure liquid suction equipment, and the 3rd end is vacant.