CN105204065A - Method and device for picking up preliminary wave - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and device for picking up a preliminary wave. The method includes the steps that acquired seismic data are subjected to convolution transformation so that convoluted seismic data can be obtained; the acquired seismic data and the convoluted seismic data are used for obtaining envelopes of sampling points in a seismic channel through calculation; according to envelopes of reference sampling points at preset positions in the seismic channel, the instantaneous amplitude of the sampling points in the seismic channel is determined; the energy ratio of the sampling points in the seismic channel is calculated through the formula of the instantaneous amplitude of the sampling points in the seismic channel and a preset energy ratio; the difference value between the energy ratio of each sampling point in the seismic channel and the energy ratio of the next sampling point in the seismic channel is calculated; the absolute values of the difference values are compared; the sampling point corresponding to the largest absolute value serves as a sample point of the preliminary wave of the seismic channel. By means of the technical scheme, the accuracy rate of picking up the preliminary wave can be greatly improved.

Description

A kind of method and apparatus of first break picking ripple

Technical field

The present invention relates to geophysical survey technical field of data processing, particularly relate to a kind of method and apparatus of first break picking ripple.

Background technology

Static corrections processing technology in seismic prospecting can with solving the problem of seismic event near surface medium variable effect hourage reflection wave stacking image.In static corrections processing technology, first arrival is an important attribute of seismic data.In process of seismic data processing, the attribute of first arrival usually can be utilized to solve the static correction problem of geological data.When after the earthquake, because various earthquake velocity of wave propagation is different, the time propagating into observation station also just has successively.The ripple that seismological observation point receives at first just can be called primary wave.

In prior art, the method for first break picking ripple mainly comprises the method first break picking ripple that boundary energy detects.Concrete, can by carrying out energy measuring to the geological data of collection, ripple corresponding to the sampled point concentrating energy high in road is as the primary wave of described road collection.But in recent years along with the widespread use of vibroseis, the geological data of collection generally has the feature of big data quantity, low signal-to-noise ratio.This just causes the method that detected by boundary energy in prior art from the geological data of big data quantity, low signal-to-noise ratio during first break picking ripple, and geological data itself has a large amount of energy interference information, such as subsequent event etc.Thus reduce the accuracy rate of first break picking.

Therefore, need a kind of method of effective first break picking ripple in prior art badly, thus provide effective foundation for the attribute of later use primary wave solves the static correction problem of geological data.

Summary of the invention

The object of the application is to provide a kind of method and apparatus of first break picking ripple, and to improve the accuracy rate of first break picking ripple, the static correction problem that the attribute for later use primary wave solves geological data provides effective foundation.

To achieve these goals, this application provides a kind of method of first break picking ripple, described method comprises:

Convolution transform is carried out to the geological data gathered, obtains the geological data after convolution;

The geological data after the geological data of described collection and described convolution is utilized to calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace;

The instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace is determined according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace;

Utilize the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery;

Calculate the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point;

The size of the absolute value of more described difference;

Using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, described utilize the geological data of described collection and described convolution after geological data to calculate the computing formula of the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace as follows:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, the envelope of the described reference sample point according to sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace determines that the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace comprises:

Obtain the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number;

The envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point is utilized to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point;

The energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point is utilized to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, described utilize the envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point to calculate described first sampled point average energy value and the computing formula of energy scale variance of described first sampled point as follows:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer;

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{(E_r-A_g)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, the described computing formula utilizing the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace is as follows:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, described preset energy ratio formula is as follows:

$R_i={\left(\frac{\underset{r=i}{\overset{i+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=i-W+1}{\overset{i}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_i}{i}$

In above formula, R _irepresent the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤i≤n, i>=W, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _irepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer.

A device for first break picking ripple, described device comprises:

Convolution transform module, for carrying out convolution transform to the geological data gathered, obtains the geological data after convolution;

First computing module, calculates the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace for the geological data after utilizing the geological data of described collection and described convolution;

Determination module, the envelope for the reference sample point according to sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace determines the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace;

Second computing module, for utilizing the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery;

3rd computing module, for calculating the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point;

Comparison module, for the size of the absolute value of more described difference;

Data processing module, for using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described first computing module is as follows:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, described determination module comprises:

Data capture unit, for obtaining the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number;

First computing unit, the envelope for the sampled point utilizing the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point calculates the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point;

Second computing unit, for the instantaneous amplitude utilizing the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate sampled point in described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described first computing unit can be as follows:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer;

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{(E_r-A_g)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described second computing unit is as follows:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, described preset energy ratio formula is as follows:

$R_i={\left(\frac{\underset{r=i}{\overset{i+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=i-W+1}{\overset{i}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_i}{i}$

In above formula, R _irepresent the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤i≤n, i>=W, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _irepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer.

The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the geological data after the embodiment of the present application utilizes the geological data and convolution gathered can calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace; Then, determine the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace, described instantaneous amplitude can eliminate the random disturbance before primary wave arrival.And utilize the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace and the energy ratio of subsequent event to sampled point in seismic trace described in the preset energy ratio formulae discovery of the interference of primary wave can be identified; Calculate the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in described seismic trace and described sampled point; The size of the absolute value of more described difference; Using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.The technical scheme utilizing the embodiment of the present application to provide effectively can identify the interference of subsequent event to primary wave, accurate first break picking ripple.Compared with prior art, greatly can improve the accuracy rate of first break picking ripple, the static correction problem that the attribute for later use primary wave solves geological data provides effective foundation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that the following describes is only some embodiments recorded in the application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the method for a kind of first break picking ripple of the application;

Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the instantaneous amplitude process of sampled point in the determination seismic trace that provides of the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the device of a kind of first break picking ripple of the application;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the determination module that the embodiment of the present application provides.

Embodiment

Technical scheme in the application is understood better in order to make those skilled in the art person, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only some embodiments of the present application, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.

The specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application is described below in detail with several concrete example.

Below the first embodiment of a kind of method of the application is first introduced.Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the method for a kind of first break picking ripple of the application, although hereafter describe flow process to comprise the multiple operations occurred with particular order, but should have a clear understanding of, these processes can comprise more or less operation, these operations can sequentially perform or executed in parallel.By reference to the accompanying drawings 1, this embodiment comprises:

S110: convolution transform is carried out to the geological data gathered, obtains the geological data after convolution.

In actual applications, can excite and acquiring seismic data after, can to gather geological data carry out convolution transform, obtain the geological data after convolution.Concrete, described convolution transform can comprise Hilbert transform (Hilberttransform).

In a specific embodiment, the geological data of described collection can comprise single big gun geological data.Concrete, described single big gun geological data can comprise 24 arrangements, and road collection is 7680, and sampling interval is 2ms, and per pass sampling number is the geological data of 2000.

In addition, convolution transform described in the embodiment of the present application is not limited in above-mentioned Hilbert transform, and in actual applications, can also comprise additive method, the embodiment of the present application is not as limit.

S120: utilize the geological data after the geological data of described collection and described convolution to calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace.

In certain embodiments, after step silo, the geological data after the geological data of described collection and described convolution can be utilized to calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace.Concrete, the envelope utilizing following computing formula to calculate sampled point in described seismic trace can be comprised:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

S130: the instantaneous amplitude determining sampled point in described seismic trace according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace.

In certain embodiments, after step S120, the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace can be determined according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace.Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of the instantaneous amplitude process of sampled point in the determination seismic trace that provides of the embodiment of the present application.Concrete, by reference to the accompanying drawings 2, can comprise:

S131: the time window sampled point quantity obtaining described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number.

In certain embodiments, the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace can be obtained, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number.

S132: utilize the envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

In certain embodiments, after step S131, the envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point can be utilized to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.And when the sampling number before described first sampled point is less than described predetermined number, utilize the envelope of the sampled point in described seismic trace before the first sampled point to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.Concrete, described first sampled point can comprise any one sampled point in described seismic trace.Concrete, the average energy value utilizing following computing formula to calculate described first sampled point can be comprised:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20.

Concrete, the energy scale variance utilizing following computing formula to calculate described first sampled point can be comprised:

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{(E_r-A_g)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

S133: utilize the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace.

In certain embodiments, after step S132, the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point can be utilized to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace.Concrete, the instantaneous amplitude utilizing following computing formula to calculate described first sampled point can be comprised:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

S140: the energy ratio utilizing sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery.

In certain embodiments, after step s 130, the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery can be utilized.Concrete, described preset energy ratio formula is as follows:

$R_i={\left(\frac{\underset{r=i}{\overset{i+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=i-W+1}{\overset{i}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_i}{i}$

In above formula, R _irepresent the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤i≤n, i>=W, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _irepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20.

S150: the difference calculating the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point.

In certain embodiments, after step s 140, the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point can be calculated.Concrete, following computing formula can be utilized:

U _i＝R _i-R _i+1

In above formula, U _irepresent the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point (the i-th+1 sampled point) after the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace and described i-th sampled point; R _irepresent the energy ratio of described i-th sampled point; R _i+1represent the energy ratio of described the i-th+1 sampled point.

S160: the size of the absolute value of more described difference.

In certain embodiments, after the step s 150, can the size of absolute value of more described difference.

S170: using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

In certain embodiments, sampled point that can be corresponding using absolute value maximum for numerical value in step S160 comparative result is as the sampling point of the primary wave of described seismic trace.

As can be seen here, the geological data after the technical scheme that the embodiment of the method for a kind of first break picking ripple of the application provides utilizes the geological data and convolution gathered can calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace; Then, determine the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace, described instantaneous amplitude can eliminate the random disturbance before primary wave arrival.And utilize the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace and the energy ratio of subsequent event to sampled point in seismic trace described in the preset energy ratio formulae discovery of the interference of primary wave can be identified; Calculate the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in described seismic trace and described sampled point; The size of the absolute value of more described difference; Using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.The technical scheme utilizing the embodiment of the present application to provide effectively can identify the interference of subsequent event to primary wave, accurate first break picking ripple.Compared with prior art, greatly can improve the accuracy rate of first break picking ripple, the static correction problem that the attribute for later use primary wave solves geological data provides effective foundation.

The application also provides on the other hand a kind of device of first break picking ripple, and Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the device of a kind of first break picking ripple of the application, and by reference to the accompanying drawings 3, described device 300 can comprise:

Convolution transform module 310, the geological data that may be used for gathering carries out convolution transform, obtains the geological data after convolution;

First computing module 320, may be used for the envelope that the geological data after utilizing the geological data of described collection and described convolution calculates sampled point in seismic trace;

Determination module 330, may be used for the instantaneous amplitude determining sampled point in described seismic trace according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace;

Second computing module 340, may be used for utilizing the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery;

3rd computing module 350, may be used for calculating the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point;

Comparison module 360, may be used for the size of the absolute value of more described difference;

Data processing module 370, may be used for the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described first computing module can be as follows:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the determination module that the embodiment of the present application provides.In a preferred embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings 4, described determination module 330 can comprise:

Data capture unit 331, may be used for obtaining the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number;

First computing unit 332, may be used for utilizing the envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point;

Second computing unit 333, may be used for utilizing the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described first computing unit can be as follows:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20;

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{(E_r-A_g)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, the computing formula of described second computing unit can be as follows:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

In a preferred embodiment, described preset energy ratio formula can be as follows:

$R_g={\left(\frac{\underset{r=g}{\overset{g+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_g}{g}$

In above formula, R _grepresent the energy ratio of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, i>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer, and in a specific embodiment, time described, window sampled point quantity can be 20.

As can be seen here, the geological data after the technical scheme that the method and apparatus embodiment of a kind of first break picking ripple of the application provides utilizes the geological data and convolution gathered can calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace; Then, determine the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace, described instantaneous amplitude can eliminate the random disturbance before primary wave arrival.And utilize the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace and the energy ratio of subsequent event to sampled point in seismic trace described in the preset energy ratio formulae discovery of the interference of primary wave can be identified; Calculate the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in described seismic trace and described sampled point; The size of the absolute value of more described difference; Using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.The technical scheme utilizing the embodiment of the present application to provide effectively can identify the interference of subsequent event to primary wave, accurate first break picking ripple.Compared with prior art, greatly can improve the accuracy rate of first break picking ripple, the static correction problem that the attribute for later use primary wave solves geological data provides effective foundation.

Each embodiment in this instructions all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually see.Especially, for system embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see the part of embodiment of the method.

Although depict the application by embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art know, the application has many distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application, and the claim appended by wishing comprises these distortion and change and do not depart from the spirit of the application.

Claims (12)

1. a method for first break picking ripple, is characterized in that, described method comprises:

Convolution transform is carried out to the geological data gathered, obtains the geological data after convolution;

The geological data after the geological data of described collection and described convolution is utilized to calculate the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace;

The instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace is determined according to the envelope of the reference sample point of sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace;

Utilize the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery;

Calculate the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point;

The size of the absolute value of more described difference;

Using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described utilize the geological data of described collection and described convolution after geological data to calculate the computing formula of the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace as follows:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the envelope of the described reference sample point according to sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace determines that the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace comprises:

Obtain the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number;

The envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point is utilized to calculate the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point;

The energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point is utilized to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace.

4. method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described utilize the envelope of the sampled point of the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point to calculate described first sampled point average energy value and the computing formula of energy scale variance of described first sampled point as follows:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer;

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{\left(E_r-A_g\right)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the described computing formula utilizing the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace is as follows:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described preset energy ratio formula is as follows:

$R_i={\left(\frac{\underset{r=i}{\overset{i+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=i-W+1}{\overset{i}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_i}{i}$

In above formula, R _irepresent the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤i≤n, i>=W, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _irepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer.

7. a device for first break picking ripple, is characterized in that, described device comprises:

Convolution transform module, for carrying out convolution transform to the geological data gathered, obtains the geological data after convolution;

First computing module, calculates the envelope of sampled point in seismic trace for the geological data after utilizing the geological data of described collection and described convolution;

Determination module, the envelope for the reference sample point according to sampled point predeterminated position in described seismic trace determines the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in described seismic trace;

Second computing module, for utilizing the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace described in the instantaneous amplitude of sampled point in seismic trace and preset energy ratio formulae discovery;

3rd computing module, for calculating the difference of the energy ratio of a sampled point after the energy ratio of sampled point in seismic trace and described sampled point;

Comparison module, for the size of the absolute value of more described difference;

Data processing module, for using the sampling point of sampled point corresponding for absolute value maximum for numerical value as the primary wave of described seismic trace.

8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the computing formula of described first computing module is as follows:

$E_r=\sqrt{{\tilde{x}}_r^2+x_r^2}$

In above formula, E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤r≤n, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; x _rrepresent the geological data of r sampled point in described seismic trace; represent the geological data after the convolution of r sampled point in described seismic trace.

9. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described determination module comprises:

Data capture unit, for obtaining the time window sampled point quantity of described seismic trace, using window sampled point quantity time described as predetermined number;

First computing unit, the envelope for the sampled point utilizing the predetermined number in described seismic trace before the first sampled point calculates the average energy value of described first sampled point and the energy scale variance of described first sampled point;

Second computing unit, for the instantaneous amplitude utilizing the energy scale variance of the average energy value of described first sampled point and described first sampled point to calculate sampled point in described seismic trace.

10. device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the computing formula of described first computing unit is as follows:

$A\left(g\right)=\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}E\left(r\right)}{W}$

In above formula, A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; 1≤g≤n, g>=W, g represents the period of described first sampled point, and n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer;

$D_g=\sqrt{\frac{\underset{r=g-W+1}{\overset{g}{\Σ}}{(E_r-A_g)}^2}{W}}$

In above formula, D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point; E _rrepresent the envelope of r sampled point in described seismic trace; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point.

11. devices according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the computing formula of described second computing unit is as follows:

$H_g=\sqrt{A_g^2+D_g^2}$

In above formula, H _grepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; A _grepresent the average energy value of described first sampled point; D _grepresent the energy scale variance of described first sampled point.

12. devices according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described preset energy ratio formula is as follows:

$R_i={\left(\frac{\underset{r=i}{\overset{i+W-1}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}{\underset{r=i-W+1}{\overset{i}{\Σ}}{H}_r^2}\right)}^2\×\frac{H_i}{i}$

In above formula, R _irepresent the energy ratio of i-th sampled point in described seismic trace; 1≤i≤n, i>=W, n represents the sampled point quantity of described seismic trace; H _rrepresent the instantaneous amplitude of r sampled point in described seismic trace; H _irepresent the instantaneous amplitude of described first sampled point; Window sampled point quantity when W represents is positive integer.