CN105194777B - It is indicated for the remaining life of breathing mask cylinder and tank - Google Patents

Abstract

Breathing mask and the chemical sorbent influenced for respiratory system of the tank of breathing mask with protection wearer against gaseous compound.Indicate that system provides the warning that the chemical sorbent adsorbed or absorbed the capacity of further compound and almost exhaust to the wearer for the remaining validity period of respiratory protection system.Remaining life instruction system has the computer memory device for storing the information related with the tank, and described information is used to determine the end of breathing mask, tank and/or the service life of cylinder and such device according to the input from various sensors.

Description

It is indicated for the remaining life of breathing mask cylinder and tank

It application No. is the 201180052526.9, applying date is September in 2011 7 days that the application, which is, entitled " for preventing The divisional application of the Chinese invention patent application of the remaining life of malicious mask cylinder and tank instruction ".

Related application case

Present application for patent advocates the file an application within 7th in September in 2010 the 61/380,604th according to 35U.S.C. § 119 The priority of number U.S. provisional patent application cases, the full text of the temporary patent application case are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to the respiratory protection systems of the tank comprising breathing mask and for breathing mask.Several embodiment packets Contain：Remaining life indicator or remaining validity period instruction system, are used for respiratory protection system；Breathing mask, including Remaining life indicates system；And tank, including the computer memory device for the storage information related with the tank. The method that several embodiments further include the end of the service life of determining breathing mask, tank and/or cylinder and such device.

Background technology

It is commonly used in using the breathing mask of permanent or replaceable cylinder and/or tank, respirator or other respiratory protection systems Resist a variety of airborne contaminant matter.Respirator cartridge/tank is usually contained for toxic or non-toxic material a particulate filter (" particulate filter ") and absorption for gas and steam content in air or absorption absorb medium.Although these devices There is provided fabulous resistance to deleterious material, but it is limited and can be with using, be exposed to chemicals that it, which provides the capacity of protection, Or it makes dirty and exhausts.Therefore, in order to which the cylinder and/or tank provide the effective protection to user, the cylinder/tank must be in its use It is replaced before end-of-life.

Cylinder/tank should be replaced before its operation lifetime span terminates.However, the life span of prediction filter cylinder/tank is complexity Task.The parameter for absorbing capacity and depending on such as the following terms of sorbent：Relative humidity, ambient temperature are inhaled by absorbing medium The volume and rate of the concentration and special properties of the pollutant of receipts and the air for passing through cylinder/tank.

Modern safety puts into practice the reliable method for the end that all gas breathing apparatus is needed to be useful for indicating its service life. If direct measuring method is infeasible, then should implement the scheduling that cylinder is used and replaced, whereby tracking exposure.Replace making for scheduling With the Historical Monitoring of (or even the most advanced person) working environment that needs to rely on, average always exposed estimation and according to cylinder in specific feelings Measured or institute's prediction theory capacity approximate result under border.What not only ambient environmental conditions contributed to respirator absorbs Jie Total load in matter, it is also necessary to determine by the volume of the air of the medium to calculate the load of cylinder/tank and service life End.The change of the respiratory capacity of different user and this capacity under varying environment and (gently or again) operating condition can cause always It is supported on the difference of big (up to 3 to 4 times) in the identical environmental condition well monitored.Even under same environmental conditions, one The cylinder of a labourer also quickly reaches the end of its service life than another labourer.In addition, in different temperatures and humidity The lower same people for performing same work of level can show the abundant difference of institute's respiratory capacity.In different condition, time and job site The lower many cylinders of tracking are extremely complicated and sometimes even can not possibly tasks.These are considered as the end for determining service life The defects of receiving scheduling method.Therefore, it has developed and has attempted to use exposure concentrations, exposure duration and total sky across sorbent Air-flow provides true monitoring and service life terminates a variety of method and devices of estimation.

In the presence of the consumption for being designed to the service life for absorbing layer (absorbing bed) that instruction is used in gas tank/cylinder of respirator A variety of method and devices that are most or terminating.Absorb exhausting depending on must be removed according to required safety standard in air for layer The different volatile matters (organic or inorganic) that industry generates.It the steam pressure changed in tremendous range of volatile matter and its is absorbed In absorb the ability on bed with volatility and be inversely proportional-the smaller volatile substance with small steam pressure is with preferably absorbing and absorb Agent is shown to its higher capacity.Due to be directed to predetermined substance absorb capacity define penetrate at the time of (this moment is for each It is different for substance), therefore exhausting for sorbent of monitoring is preferred in real time.

A kind of direct method is related to sensor, and the change that the sensor has the color along the sorbent for absorbing bed (is issued Give the Bulgarian patent 31666 of Mihaylov) or edge " the additional indicator drum in flow direction after main filter cylinder " transparent wall On internal (Australian Patent WO 9,512,432) or the wall of cartridge interior (6497756 B1 of United States Patent (USP) and United States Patent (USP) 4, 326,514) color change of instruction material that sorbent bed is placed.The instruction of this material absorbs bed and satisfies by particular risk material Irreversible change later.The defects of sensor of these types, limits it for it and is used for for expected substance and gas mixing The specific needs of object (mainly for inorganic gas and steam) and the narrow specificity of well-known situation, such as in United States Patent (USP) 4,326,514th, in United States Patent (USP) 4,873,970, United States Patent (USP) 5,323,774 and United States Patent (USP) 6,497,756.

Leichnitz teaches the colorimetric sensor for toxic gas in United States Patent (USP) 4,684,380.The sensing Part includes being immobilized onto the bulk material between two screens (being similar to for the material in detector pipe) and is to gas stream Transparent.Placement of this sensor on the back for absorbing layer can be arrived via the lens inspection in the back of cylinder.Similar colorimetric side Method is for wherein using in the United States Patent (USP) 5,297,544 of the indicating element array with multiple indicating ranges.It forms tool There is the support component of the similar chip for the instruction colorimetric indicator part for being exposed to the air being inhaled into.These components are located at outer complete Cover has between interior half mask.Indicator different range is used to carry out visual inspection or optical evaluation by appropriate component. In United States Patent (USP) 5,666,949, these colorimetric sensors read system in combination with electronics.Although reading system with electronics, Sensor is actually colorimetric sensor.The defects of colorimetric sensor, is defined by its (before mentioned) specificity.It is passed than colour pattern Sensor is interdependent for humidity (RH) and temperature (T), the RH and the important parameter that T is all chemical chrominance responses.

The other direction of the real-time end indicator of service life is using the electronics temperature positioned after bed is absorbed Sensor is spent, such as in the United States Patent (USP) 4,440,162 for giving Sewel et al..However, this sensor is limited and only available In in higher concentrations exist and be absorbed in absorb on medium when the substance with big temperature effect.Therefore, these sensors It can not widely apply.Saturation process in long time period at low concentrations can cause undetected to penetrate and pass through.

The fresh approach of service life termination instruction is some active types ESLI.It is included to the level of monitoring pollution object Electronic building brick and to provide a user the vision alerted automatically or audible signal.The trial of some history is described in United States Patent (USP) 3,902,485, United States Patent (USP) 3,911, in 413, the patent is never real both due to huge, high cost and low sensitivity It applies.In 1978, NIOSH selected metal oxide sensor (MOGS) to serve as organic steam air-purifying respirator Service life indicator.This sensor is based on low cost, commercial availability and its satisfactorily to various organic steaming The nonspecific behavior of vapour and be chosen.The major defect of MOGS for current consumption big caused by opposite High Operating Temperature (- 200C).Two patent (United States Patent (USP) 4,873,970 and United States Patent (USP) 4,847,594) description standard electrochemical measurement cell elements.Institute Propose that warning cylinder is designed to be assemblied between mask and respirator cartridge.The defects of this design, is possible has only occurred once penetrating It can just detect toxic gas, therefore system can not defer to NIOSH recommendations：20% to 25% is sufficient before cylinder 100% exhausts Warning.United States Patent (USP) 5,512,882 advantageously suggests the generic sensor of cylinder absorbent interior.Similar approach has United States Patent (USP) 5,018,518.The teaching of United States Patent (USP) 5,297,544 registers the sealing effect at the retention effect of filter and the edge of mask simultaneously Indicator.In addition, this patent proposes to use the miniaturization that can detect polluter at different levels computer like core The indicator system of piece.The indicator system itself is expected to and is made of light source and detector.As through reflection or through transmission The luminous intensity of light measurement is the measurement of the amount of polluter received by indicator.The description of United States Patent (USP) 5,659,296 uses attached It is connected to the modern but still bulky system of the electronic device of the side of respirator.It is constantly sampled by the air for absorbing agent material And processing with provide it is active instruction-have to the vision of concentration signal, sound, haptic response.The signaling rate of indicator Change with target species concentration.The defects of described system, is similarly proposed sensor putting directly behind respirator cartridge Put, this exhausted 100% after having time to be allowed to replace the cylinder safely.The defects of most of proposed systems is also high energy Amount consumption and cumbersome apparatus.

Conventional solution bears many defects, such as：

Described electronics or photoelectron device are complicated and huge, are difficult to maintain under Modern Sensor Technology level And it even is difficult to manufacture and use.

Compared with replacing tank and cylinder only in the scheduling replaced in time, ultimate cost so height is so that cost eradicates it Purpose as economical unit.In order to provide 20% to 25% safe buffering capacity, the extra section plan of sorbent is being felt Element is surveyed to use later.

Built-in cylinder/tank electronic sensor should be able to be subjected to any Chemical Pretreatment by the reagent for absorbing medium.Cylinder/ Tank answers physics to share into two parts：About 75% to 80% sorbent should be contained in the first part of cylinder/tank, be then sensing Part is then the second buffer portion with 20% to 25% sorbent of tank, and the part is respectively one of total capacity Point.Cylinder with built-in sensor is with quite high cost, this consumption of a main mesh-indicator drum that will completely eliminate sensor Use up the low cost to deliver high safety level.

Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of complete less than sorbent medium so as to allow for safe and effective service life termination instruction Buffer time after fully- depleted and the system for absorbing capacity.Need further exist for a kind of system for service life termination instruction And device light weight, be more easily manufactured and uncomplicated design.

The remaining cylinder service life can substantially be estimated during real-time and allow user with that can need by still needing further exist for one kind The service life termination instruction system or method to the communication between the system of the caution signal of user are generated when wanting.

Invention content

There is currently no for determining effective system that the service life of respiratory protection tank terminates.Currently, user only makes With the tank is thrown away later to avoid being exposed to the risk of airborne toxin.Exposed result is too high to protect without can determine that about breathing The capacity of protecting system.Therefore, many tanks are dropped before its useful capacity exhaust.Remaining life indicates the implementation of system Example provide to monitor respiratory protection system (such as gas mask canister) use and determine tank in sorbent capacity when It fully consumes and alerts the ability that should replace the tank.

Embodiment for the remaining life instruction system of respirator includes respirator body or including tank attachment The breathing mask divided.Tank including chemical sorbent could attach to tank attachment part with from the airborne poison of air adsorption that will be breathed Element.In addition, remaining life instruction system may include：Central processing unit；Concentration sensor can determine in air It the concentration of at least one chemical compound and communicates with the central processing unit；And gas flowmeter, can measure across It the gas stream of tank and communicates with the central processing unit.The central processing unit and sensor can individually be attached to described In respirator body or breathing mask, the tank or the region that is mountable near the wearer of the breathing mask.In described Central Processing Unit receives the input from concentration sensor and airflow sensor to estimate to have contacted described in the sorbent The total amount of at least one chemical compound and the approximation residue for determining the tank and/or the sorbent being housed in the tank Service life.

The central processing unit may include internal clocking and can be programmed by input link, wherein the input link be with At least one of lower items：Conducting wire, infrared link, radio frequency, bluetooth, personal computer, centralization work station, it is portable specially Doorization programming module, digital mobile phone, Internet traffic, keypad, keyboard or mouse.Program may include multiple modules, the mould Block includes：For calculating the module of remaining life based on the data supplied by the sensor；Calibration about the tank in using Data and initial capacity data；And for passing through the alert module program that vision, the sense of hearing and/or haptics member send signal.

Tank itself may include computer memory device, and the computer memory device can be stored and/or be recorded simultaneously Transmit the remaining life of the sorbent in tank.In these embodiments, tank can be then by its remaining life " report " Or any external device (ED) (such as central processing unit or warning indicator) is transmitted to, wherein warning instruction can be on breathing mask Or at external position (such as control room).Therefore, the user of tank less than specified level and can answer in the remaining life of tank It is warned when replacing at once.For example, central processing unit or warning instruction system can warn the user of respiratory protection system Tank have (for example) remaining life of only 25%, 20% or 15% of the raw capacity of chemical sorbent and should by for It changes.The warning system, which can be programmed to provide a succession of warning indicator that the capacity is depleted or provide, needs what is replaced Only one alerts.

The tank or breathing mask may include the communication unit that can be communicated with the central processing unit.The communication unit Member can be radio frequency identification unit and further include memory.The radio frequency indicating unit can communicate with the central processing unit with Obtain the total amount for the chemical compound for having contacted the sorbent.The embodiment of RFID can have internal storage, and described interior Portion's memory can store information, and wherein described information includes at least one of the following terms：The type of tank, tank manufacturer Title, tank sequence number, tank piece number, tank build date, tank are to the capacity, alarm setting point, most ambassador of advocated pollutant classification With phase concentration level, the temperature correction factor of tank, the relative humidity correction factor of tank, the pressure of tank or the elevation correction factor, tank Due date, target compound, the classification of target compound, use date, cylinder use at the beginning of, cylinder uses The time of disappearance or be exposed to tank target compound estimated total amount.

The other embodiments of remaining life instruction system can further comprise additional sensors.Additional sensors can wrap Contain but be not limited to temperature sensor, relative humidity sensor, pressure sensor or other sensors.It is any in additional sensors Sensor or all the sensors can communicate with central processing unit.

The other embodiments of remaining life indicator may include providing in visual alert, aural alert or tactile alert At least one warning indicator of at least one.The remaining life that the warning indicator can provide tank is less than defined Oxygen in threshold value, working region is more than certain threshold less than the concentration of specific threshold or one or more kinds of chemical compounds The warning of value.

The embodiment of remaining life instruction system includes central processing unit, and the central processing unit can be through design So that the central processing unit and radio frequency identification unit or other communication device two-way communications with exchange with ambient enviroment and The related data of the remaining life of tank.In some cases, central processing unit can according to by sensor and tank or The data that database or other computer memory devices on external device (ED) provide calculate the load of gross contamination object and tank on tank Residual capacity.Therefore, the central processing unit and the tank itself have trapping to the total of the pollutant in the cylinder/tank The residual capacity of amount and sorbent unspent or (for example) for the percentage of raw capacity, and the central processing list Member can generate warning message and at least one warning indicator of activation is acted with being based on inputting and calculating instruction one.The system Caution signal can be further generated, therefore the battery should be in full active wheel alternatively when the remaining life of battery is less than 9 hours Preceding replacement.To reduce battery consumption, institute can be supplemented with the auxiliary charging solar battery apparatus being installed on the outer surface of mask State battery.

The system is suitable for the respirator for including a half mask mask, and the respirator is that full facepiece mask mask or one are whole A or partial protection suit.In order to be used in hazardous area, the specific embodiment of remaining life instruction system can essence It is upper safe and explosion-proof.

It is initialized during RFID can have been come into operation by storage tank and based on described using newer data or information, In for this type new tank raw capacity % remaining life, in mean concentration, previously used during use previously It deposits the inside that time at the end of average time and for the first time time of activation and last use is stored in radio frequency identification unit In reservoir.

Term used herein is not intended to the limitation present invention merely for the purpose of description specific embodiment.Such as this Used in text, term " and/or (and/or) " comprising one of associated cited items or it is one or more of any and All combinations.As used herein, singulative " one (a) ", " one (an) " and " (the) " are intended comprising plural form And singulative, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.It is to be further understood that ought use in the present specification term " including (comprises) " during and/or " including (comprising) ", specify there are the feature, step, operation, element and/or Component, but presence or addition one or more other features, step, operation, element, component and/or its group is not precluded Group.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technology and scientific terminology) used herein have and this hair The identical meaning of meaning that bright those skilled in the art is generally understood.It it is to be further understood that should be by term (such as normal With those terms defined in dictionary) it is construed to consistent with its meaning in the context of the relevant technologies and the present invention Meaning, without should be explained with idealization or excessively formalization meaning, unless be clearly so defined herein.

When describing the present invention, it should be appreciated that disclose several technologies and step.Each of these technologies and step It can also together with one or more or (in some cases) all other disclosed skill with indivedual benefits and each Art is used together.Therefore, for the sake of clarity, this explanation will avoid repeating each possible group of separate step in a manner of unnecessary It closes.Even so, present specification and claims should understand these combinations completely in the present invention and the model of claims It is read in the case of in enclosing.

Description of the drawings

The present invention is described referring now to schema, wherein：

Fig. 1 describes two embodiments of the half mask with different connections between each comfortable airflow sensor 20；Institute That states that airflow sensor shown on the entrance side shown during tank 30 is such as Fig. 1-A or in tank 30 is such as Fig. 1-B goes out On mouth side；

Fig. 2 illustrateds are used to connect the full facepiece mask of the two ways of airflow sensor 20；The airflow sensor On entrance side 30R or on outlet side 30L；And place the two ways of concentration sensor；Before cylinder or on mask；

Fig. 3 describes wherein airflow sensor 20 in 30 front of tank and comprehensive cover of the concentration sensor 40 on mask Tool；

Fig. 4-A describe the front view and sectional view of fan type airflow sensor；

Fig. 4-B describe the electrical air flow sensor of thermal resistor or transistor-type；

One half mask of the potential site of Fig. 5 illustrateds central processing unit and energy supply device or internal half mask are cut Face；And

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the communication between central processing unit, sensor and warning component.

Specific embodiment

Breathing mask is protecting the respiratory system of the mankind in potentially harmful environment.Breathing mask is is positioned over wearing With by being absorbed on filter or chemical sorbent before respiratory system of the air into access customer above the mouth and nose of person Or the airborne toxin of absorption protects it in order to avoid suck the covering of airborne toxic material.The airborne toxin can be any potential danger Dangerous chemical compound, such as, but not limited to (for example) airborne chemical pollutant, particle and/or toxic gas.Citing comes It says, the airborne toxic material can be gaseous, be suspended in the air or particle.

Breathing mask forms sealing element above nose and mouth, therefore air is had to pass through including absorbing agent material, filtering The tank of medium or other respiratory protection materials, cylinder and/or filter (hereinafter " tank ") are drawn to mask and the face of wearer Between internal volume in.Airborne toxic material can be removed to protect wearer in tank.Full breathing mask can also cover eyes and face Other vulnerable parenchimas.Mask number can have be directly attached to mask one or more tanks and other faces Tool is with the tank that mask is connected to by hose.

Embodiment for the remaining validity period of gas mask canister or respiratory protection equipment instruction system is absorbed including chemistry Agent tank, the breathing mask that the chemical sorbent tank can be received.Breathing mask may include：Central processing unit, can be with Communication module communicates；Chemical concentration sensor communicates with the central processing unit；And airflow sensor, it is and described Central processing unit communicates.

The embodiment of central processing unit can be worn according to the output estimation of Chemical concentration sensor and airflow sensor Enter the amount to the target chemical compound in chemical sorbent tank.Central processing unit can be based on from the defeated of the sensor Enter to estimate the amount of target chemical compound.Chemical concentration sensor can determine at least one of sampled air chemical combination The concentration of object and the concentration is transmitted to central processing unit.Similarly, airflow sensor can be measured across the tank Air stream and the airflow is delivered to central processing unit.According to this information, central processing unit, which can calculate, passes through tank And the total amount of at least one chemical compound adsorbed or absorbed in tank.The total amount of at least one chemical compound It can be by quadraturing to calculate in the region that chemical concentrations are multiplied by under curve of the air stream to the time.Central processing unit can connect The residual capacity for calculating tank actually by the total amount of tank by being subtracted from tank for the total capacity of the chemical compound. Accuracy of the accuracy of the calculating by sensor, the data volume and memory and central processing unit by sensor generation Limitation dominate.

Each tank has the service life based on several factors comprising the following terms：The type of sorbent in tank, tank In the total amount of sorbent, storage and use by the total amount of chemical compound of tank, the original build date of tank and tank Environmental condition.The embodiment of tank has computer memory device, and the computer memory device can store approximate surplus Remaining service life and the approximate remaining life is reported to external device (ED) and prevents from excessively using tank and by airborne toxic The potential exposure of breathing mask wearer caused by the penetrating of material.Therefore, the specific embodiment of chemical sorbent tank may include： Chemical sorbent, in a tank；Computer storage storage device can store data and transmit digital tank information；And Communication module can communicate with external processing unit.Digital tank information may include, but are not limited to：(for example) tank identification, The remaining life of specific compound, the initial capacity of tank and tank that can be absorbed or adsorb on agent material is absorbed.In spy Determine under remaining life, tank may exhaust sorbent capacity and should more renew tank or still have abundant remaining life capacity Tank instruction or warning.

Several embodiments include a kind of tank for being used together with respiratory protection equipment, including：Container；Chemistry absorbs Agent, in the container；And digital storage storage device, it can store and transmit information.As used herein, " tank " means to include the tank of sorbent respiratory protection medium, cylinder or other equipments.The tank may include depositing with computer storage The radio frequency identification unit of storage device communication.

Tank

Tank includes absorbing agent material, filter medium or other respiratory protection materials.When airborne toxic material can be with air-breathing Air suction tank and be adsorbed in absorbing on agent material, filter medium or other respiratory protection materials in tank.It absorbs or absorbs The process in main body or substrate is drawn to for compound, and is adsorbed as the process of the deposition of material on the surface.Absorption process can By the way that charge is attracted to work, for example, if intended particle is positively charged, then use negatively charged substrate.For inhaling The example for receiving the substrate of medium includes activated carbon and zeolite.Activated carbon is used for due to it from the pole of air adsorption multiple pollutant matter High surface region and as breathing mask common component.Polluter can not be reacted with carbon but can be adsorbed onto in hole or on carbon Functionalized sites reaction.

Physical absorption, reactive materials or active site will be generally included by absorbing medium.The active site may include opening up Existing heterogeneity and the functional group that can be used to absorb different compounds.Therefore, medium can be by specific toxic group, substance or object Matter classification is modified.For example, when reactive materials and the media contact, the medium is incorporated into the reactive object Matter, so as to which the substance be removed from air stream.

However, by tank absorb medium offer protection will by using and exhaust.Filter will block, for absorbing Substrate reach its capacity, and reactive filter will be finished reactive functional group.The user of breathing mask including tank will There is protection only in finite time, and then it must replace tank or mask.

Central processing unit

Breathing mask and/or tank may include central processing unit, and the residue that the central processing unit can calculate tank makes It is given a warning with the service life and when the capacity that tank absorbs or adsorb further compound weakens.As used herein, centre The part that unit (CPU) is computer system is managed, apply the instruction of computer program in fact and performs the basic calculation of the system Number operation, logical operation and input/output operations.Term central processing unit also includes distributed processing system(DPS) and multiple centers Processing unit.

The embodiment of remaining life instruction system includes the electronic component of such as central processing unit (CPU), described CPU can quadrature to the air stream in period given time and by integrated air stream with it is dense in same period given time The integrated data of degree are multiplied, and calculate whereby in this time period by the total amount of the pollutant of the air stream carrying.In residue In the embodiment of service life system, the remaining life system includes：Airflow sensor is located to measure and wear Cross the air stream of respiratory protection tank；And Chemical concentration sensor, compound in the air of breathing mask can be counted roughly Concentration.By the input from these sensors, central processing unit can calculate the sky by passing through cylinder/tank within given time Air-flow by pollutant approximate total amount.The system, breathing mask, container and method provide to count roughly on cylinder/tank The first method of real load.This load on tank can be used to caution signal being increased to the user of respiratory protection system.Warning The embodiment of signal may include vision, the sense of hearing and/or the haptic device for generating the caution signal.

The embodiment of remaining life instruction system can be directed to most of average case and provide satisfactory data And authentic communication.These embodiments of remaining life instruction system can be provided for the remaining tankage size of respiratory protection Reliable warning.Remaining life instruction system can provide instruction and the user's replacement tank that tank Protection capacity almost exhausts Warning.

A kind of side of the remaining life of the total load absorbed on agent material in determining tank and sorbent is provided below Method.Central processing unit can be according to the value and air stream from airflow sensor that the concentration from concentration sensor exports Value estimates the total amount of the airborne contaminant in the time cycle in office what is the need died.It can further quadrature and will know to this data Pass through the gross mass of the pollutant of system within any time cycle passed：

M=C dc/dt X F df/dt (1)

Wherein

Quality of the M- with (mg) for the pollutant of unit

C- is with (mg/m³) be unit concentration

Air streams of the F- with litre number (LPM) per minute for unit

The function of dc/dt- concentration at any time

The function of df/dt- air streams at any time

The t- times (minute).

Equation (1) can be simplified by introducing the average value of two parameters C and F：

M=C.F.T (2)

Wherein：

M- is collected into the gross mass in cylinder

The time (minute) that T- disappears.

The Additional examples of composition of remaining life instruction system may include being used to be inhaled for humidity, temperature and air pressure calculating The compensating factor of the quality of attached pollutant：

M=C.F.T.Kt.Kr.Kp (3)

Wherein：

Kt- gives the distinctive temperature correction factor of adsorbent

Kr- gives the distinctive relative humidity correction factor of adsorbent；And

The correction factor of Kp- air pressures.

The correction factor of temperature and relative humidity can be counted roughly or provided by tank manufacturer.The correction factor Kp of pressure (height above sea level) It can be (for example) as follows：

The embodiment of remaining life instruction system may include with all components in lower component or a part of component：

It is capable of providing the sensor device of the information of surrounding's concentration about target contaminant.

Based on the two parameter-concentration and air stream, third pith-CPU of the invention can be calculated at any time Quality stream (m*), and the total time with given time can be to total collected quality (M) and with (hundred a ten thousandths × small When) ppm.h or mg/m³.hr it quadratures for total reconditioning of unit.These numbers can in addition be described in appropriate display later According to.

Warning indicator

Once by transmitting, the information and 75% to the 80% presetting level in total capacity of the reconditioning that will continue Under the information of predetermined volumes of cylinder/tank make comparisons.CPU generates three kinds of different alarm means-visions, sound and the alarm of vibration Signal.The signal is transmitted to Part IV-alert/alarm signal system of the present invention.Visual alert should be by light emitting diode (LED)-it is proposed orange at 75% and beyond 80% when red provide.Identical red LED should alert concentration beyond receipts The limitation (pressing 2% pollutant of volume) of attached type equipment.Audible alert device should have at least intensity of 85db and be directed to respectively 75% and 80% exhausts and provides short (for example, 0.1 second to 1 second) and long (for example, 2 seconds to 5 seconds) pulse.At 80%, gas defence face Built-in vibrational system in tool should also alert this level.After the first signal and even after second signal, cylinder should have It is enough user being maintained at sometime all when must use up contaminated area and safely replacement tank/cylinder up to user in safety condition The capacity of phase.CPU housings are incorporated to internal electron clock, whereby change all signal integrations received from sensor in real time Parameter.

Respirator CPU housings are incorporated to the chain circuit device for communicating with authorized device.These devices include programming component, It inquires with check device and allows the receiver of the long range positioning of tracking user on work column in side.The technology can be rigid line, Infrared ray, radio frequency, bluetooth are realized.

Memory

In the embodiment of container, digital storage storage device can be written to digital processing element (such as centre Reason unit) and read by the digital processing element.As used herein, computer storage refers to temporarily or permanently On the basis of storage program and/or data for the physical unit used in computer or other digital electronic devices.Computer Memory storage apparatus can be at least one of the following terms：RAM, DRAM, SRAM, tape, disk, optical disc, flash memory Reservoir, CD, DVD and/or addressable semiconductor memory.A part for memory can be for store with more permanent tank or The read-only memory of the related information of breathing mask, such as, but not limited to (for example) tank identification, the chemical sorbent in tank, The compound that can be absorbed or adsorb in chemical sorbent, the amount of the chemical sorbent in tank, the general appearance of chemical sorbent The due date of amount, the capacity of chemical sorbent of specific objective compound, the build date of tank and/or tank.Other numbers are deposited Reservoir can be read/write memory.Term " memory " is usually with addressable semiconductor memory (that is, by the crystalline substance based on silicon The integrated circuit of body pipe composition) it is associated, the addressable semiconductor memory (for example) is as main memory but also uses Make other purposes in computer and other digital electronic devices.

Computer storage storage device can store the tank information including but not limited to the following terms：Tank identification instruction Symbol, the initial sorbent capacity of chemical sorbent and remaining sorbent capacity.Breathing mask can further comprise second computer Memory storage apparatus, and the second computer memory storage apparatus can store the volume including but not limited to the following terms Outer tank information：Tank identification indicator, the initial sorbent capacity of chemical sorbent and remaining sorbent capacity.

In other embodiments, at least part of the tank information can be stored on outer computer memory device. In these embodiments, central processing unit can communicate via wifi network with external computer networks to store the surplus of at least tank Remaining service life capacity.In this embodiment, the use of the entire capacity of the tank of same breathing mask can be advantageous.

Chemical concentration sensor

Sensor is the component part of many environmental monitoring systems.In the presence of for respirator its wearing is protected for it The conventional electrical or photoelectronic sensor of a variety of chemical pollutants of person.Also there are the various metals for multiple pollutant classification Oxide sensor.The sensor of the type and some other sensors both can will be dense around it at any time The data electronic delivery of degree is to electronic processing unit.

Any types or model of Chemical concentration sensor are used equally in the embodiment of the system.It is preferred that sense utensil It wants sensitivity, range circle time (reaction time) and provides independently of ambient temperature and the concentration of humidity.In particular implementation In example, the sensitivity of sensor should include：Exposure limit (PEL)-time weighted average (TWA) or threshold can be permitted by dropping to It is worth the concentration of (TLV)；Reaction time should it is small-be less than 1 minute；And/or sensor output should independently of relative humidity and temperature or Person's sensor or central processing unit can provide the electronic calibration of these parameters.

The output of sensor should directly or indirectly be transmitted to central processing unit.Signal may depend on sensor and centre It manages the interface of unit and is analog or digital.Sensor should be able to receive and transmit the information of specific pollutants.Central processing list Member handles the information from sensor and can determine concentration according to calibration data.

If surrounding's concentration that the output of Chemical concentration sensor provides compound is more than to be directed to currently in respiratory protection system Used in system absorb type equipment defined, limitation, establishment (and enforce) signal, then central processing unit can also produce Raw additional warning.In other embodiments, it is replaceable that sensor, which can be directed to different target pollutant,.In addition, concentration senses Device can be disposable and be removably mounted on tank.Concentration sensor is applicable to specific canister and can sell together.At it In its embodiment, concentration sensor can reuse.

Airflow sensor

Conventional dynamic flow sensor can estimate the air stream across cylinder/tank and at any time in any given time By the data transfer of air stream to central processing unit.Air borne sensor is mountable to before cylinder/tank entrance, air flow path In or the air outlet slit of respiratory protection system at.Airflow sensor provide about the air stream across tank information and can be by number Word or analog signal transmission are to central processing unit.In general, airflow sensor is by determining across with known area of section Channel average air speed to determine that volume flow works.Airflow sensor may be assumed that volume flow has and air class As density and the volume flow is converted into mass flowrate.In other embodiments, airflow sensor output can be directed to week Foxing part (such as, but not limited to temperature, relative humidity and/or air pressure) correction.

In the presence of for measuring a variety of regular air flow sensors of air flow velocity or volume.It is both therein in order to illustrate Illustrate and show (but the present invention is not limited to only described two types).The first kind for photoelectric mechanical and be described as with as Fig. 4- The blade or Scroll-type airspeedometer shown in A is closely related.This sensor, which has, to be preferably installed in same main body sheath Propeller or fan 26 and transmitting/reception photoresistor 22 or the light reflection for being coupled to count the blade from propeller Or the LED light source and photocell of light breakage.Through reflected light pulsation and the reflection or damaged number (counting) has and air Flow directly proportional frequency.It can be provided via the cable with attachment plug 24 or wirelessly to central processing unit as pulse electricity The electric signal of stream.

Other types of airflow sensor is the airflow sensor and temperature of thermal anemometers type.Multiple temperature sensing Device, thermal resistor 23 are symmetrically located in the most balance section of air stream.

Environmental sensor

Ambient conditions (such as, but not limited to temperature, relative humidity and air pressure) also optionally passes through sensor measurement and biography The other sensors being delivered in central processing unit or system.These environmental sensors can be located at tank, on breathing mask or breathe Exterior.Ambient temperature, relative humidity and air pressure can influence the absorption of sorbent medium and adsorption capacity and influence for true Surely pass through the calculating of the total amount of the chemical compound of tank.Information output, air stream and chemical concentrations from sensor can pass through The distinctive output calibration of given sorbent in cylinder/tank of these sensors.

For example, in charcoal (one in best and most widely used sorbent under 85% relative humidity (RH) Person) capacity be substantially reduced.In some cases, the capacity of sorbent can also upborne temperature reduction.In specific embodiment In, correction factor that the computer memory device of tank will include the sorbent in container.Temperature, relative humidity, air pressure school Positive divisor and/or other envirment factors will be transmitted together with the calibration with the specific canister for particular category pollutant and capacity information To central processing unit.Output from environmental sensor can be transmitted to CPU and estimate and report generate appropriate correction factor The remaining life of tank.

Oxygen sensor

Optionally, tank, breathing mask, respiratory protection system and remaining life system may include oxygen sensor.Institute State the feelings that oxygen concentration can be transmitted to central processing unit to decline in oxygen concentration towards dangerous concentration by oxygen sensor Alarm is carried out under condition.

In the embodiment of remaining life system, sensor can provide continuous output or letter to central processing unit Number.In other embodiments, one of sensor or the one or more of intermittence that can be provided to central processing unit are exported or are believed Number.Can with aturegularaintervals to central processing unit provide intermittent signal, such as, but not limited to (for example) every 30 seconds, every point It is clock, five minutes every.At least one sensor may not provide any defeated to central processing unit in yet other embodiments, Go out unless reaching specific threshold.

Communication

In the embodiment of remaining life instruction system, tank may include memory device, and the memory device is permitted The amount of sorbent in tank allowable has consumed and/or still available instruction (such as the data of the remaining life capacity of sorbent Library entry or the other data being stored in computer memory device) mark tank.In the reality of remaining life instruction system It applies in example, breathing mask includes the central processing unit that can be communicated with the computer memory device on tank.The central processing Unit can communicate with computer memory device to be such as previously used " mark " tank and provide remaining life instruction. By this method, tank can maintain on multiple breathing masks and still to be then based on during its service life additional use into one Walk the instruction of newer remaining life.

Central processing unit can communicate via any communication means with computer memory device.For example, centre Reason unit can be communicated via communication module by wired connection with memory device.Tank and breathing mask may include (for example) Plug and socket connection or any other wired connection.

In Additional examples of composition, for the remaining life instruction system of respiratory protection equipment, may include can be via nothing The central processing unit that line connection communicates with the communication module of memory device.The wireless connection can be (for example) radio frequency Recognition unit, bluetooth connection, wifi connections or other wireless communications.The embodiment to communicate wherein via radio frequency identification unit In, the radio frequency identification unit can be one of active radio frequency recognition unit or passive radio frequency identification unit.

Computer memory device on tank can be reported stored information to external central processing unit or other Digital processing unit.Inseparable part of the present invention is the collection of memory-CPU and the calibration of the capacity of storage barrel/tank The random access memory (RAM type) of data.It is any new that CPU (memory) can keep the library of the data and should allowing to introduce The new data of cylinder/tank of type or any new opplication-new pollutant.This significant data via cable connector, by optical strip The code bar code information of reader, key card, encoded electric contact (pressing shape) or one by RFID communication device-CPU element Divide and be transported to CPU.The data of tank/cylinder of any new connection should one of in the above described manner introducing.

In the situation for being stored on the surface for being installed on cylinder/tank or in internal RFID unit in wherein data, system CPU It inquires the four corner of RFID primary datas and the up-to-date information in the time of all disappearances is transmitted to RFID.RFID unit Memory be not necessarily it is high and this element into should be significantly small, so as to allow RFID can for disposable or RFID unit It replaces and reprograms.

The complete data of calibration curve that the mode of this information should allow CPU to use about specific pollutants is introduced, it is described Data can be stored in memory-pollutant in the library of capacity.The required volume of this storage capacity is relatively low, it is contemplated that with kilobit Unit.

The data of cylinder/tank calibration, temperature, relative humidity and the correction coefficient of air pressure can introduce in different ways：

It bar code and is directly attached to outer barrel surface and transfers data to the portable reading of the reading bar code of CPU Device；

Arrangement of the telegraph key-electric contact under special scheme so as to CPU is switched to have been introduced into it is specific in its memory Calibration mode.The telegraph key can be directly attached to the surface of the cylinder for the socket being installed on mask；

By using built-in or attach on the surface of cylinder/tank and pass through what the appropriate component of the CPU by system communicated Radio frequency identification (RFID) it is wireless.

Information of the RFID containing the following terms：

Type-tank, cylinder, filter or the combination of equipment

Title/sequence number of manufacturer

Piece number

Build date

The capacity of pollutant classification advocated as unit of mg of 85% capacity and 100% capacity sorbent

In the case of necessary the moment is penetrated under various concentration level

Temperature correction factor

Relative humidity correction factor

Pressure/elevation correction the factor

Alarm setting point

Due date

Once introducing (being installed on breathing mask), in addition RFID can be loaded with：

The title of target analytes

At the beginning of each period of use date and the when of coming into operation, the end of the time of disappearance and at this moment Gross mass-the M of pollutant filled during section

The piece number of the buyer of identifier

Remaining useful life longevity in the case where starting ambient conditions

Allow the password or code that only communicate with authorized device

Other specific informations.

RFID and CPU is so that the bilateral transmission of mode that this data can be fetched and is shown on following device at any time The data：

Portable built-in display

The independent display to communicate with CPU

Built-in mask micro-display.

Once the data of the gross mass of the known pollutant that respirator is passed through by air stream, you can by its in preliminary school Established during quasi- research this/data of the real time capacity of tank make comparisons.

RFID chip in respirator will be notified the time started and complete by button or built-in pressure sensor-switch Activation is kept during portion's usage time, so as to receive relevant information from CPU and be stored in memory.

Due to RFID chip in the usage time all to disappear continuous communiction, at the end of this time, CPU will be All information of copy and send it to the memory of RFID in time cycle of disappearance, described information including but not limited to：

(a) trapping is to the gross mass M of the pollutant in cylinder/tank or filter

(b) remaining life for being initial %

(c) during the time of disappearance all ambient conditions data.

After each new use or after being ultimately delivered of cylinder to another breathing mask, CPU will inquire RFID, receive Information and by newly receive exposure integration to legacy data, estimate so as to all previously used of cylinder of holding the record/tank RFID and finally Count possibility " creep " of the pollutant during the long period without using cylinder.

Communication module and the part that the embodiment of computer storage storage device is radio frequency identification unit.

The embodiment of remaining life indicator system is showed in Fig. 1-A and 1-B.Fig. 1-A and Fig. 1-B descriptions can be held Receive the half breathing mask sub-assemblies 10 of two tanks, a tank (for the sake of clarity, is only opened up on the either side of mask in figure Show side).Concentration sensor 40 can be together installed on the entrance of gas tank/cylinder 30 with airflow sensor 20, in Fig. 1-A It is shown.In other embodiments, for technology and conveniently, concentration sensor 40 can be attached to mask 14, such as institute in Fig. 1-B Displaying.The concentration sensor can be located at close proximity to the air intake on tank, as shown in Fig. 1-B.Concentration senses Device 40 can be assembled in the even more remote areas of mask or not on mask but measure wherein using the region of breathing mask Ambient conditions and report to central processing unit for calculate tank 30 in sorbent on load.Other realities are not shown in figure Apply example, but sensor 40 can be positioned on shoulder, before shoulder, on the edge of the lapel of clothes, cap and on user otherly Side or user vicinity.Signal from concentration sensor 40 can be used as the continuous monitoring of surrounding's concentration of concerned pollutant Basis.Signal from sensor 40 can also be handled individually and be shown in (for example) convenient for from the centre from system It manages on the screen (such as liquid crystal display (LCD)) in the output of unit or the position directly from sensor vision.In spy In shape of pledging love, in view of continuous monitoring data can be delivered to the CPU of mask by sensor 40 via wired or wireless communication, this sensing Device can be a part for existing gas analyzing apparatus-monitor.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1-A and 1-B, RFID unit 60 is installed on the surface of cylinder/tank 30.Other In embodiment, RFID unit or other communication devices can be located inside tank.

Warning indicator light 50 can be positioned in the region that user can be seen (in general, the mask as shown in Fig. 1-A In preceding top section) and two symmetrical eyes of the lamp on Fig. 1-B.The embodiment of remaining life instruction system can also wrap Include vibration indicating member 52.

When by flexible liquid stream connection tank is connected to mask and same tank is positioned over take or the back of user on When, placing for airflow sensor 20 can have similar accuracy and reliability on the entrance of tank or on the entrance of mask, such as It is shown on Fig. 3.The placement of concentration sensor 40 can be in similar position.The sensor 20 that is shown in Fig. 1-A and Fig. 1-B and Two optimum positions of sensor 40 have its pros and cons.Placement of the airflow sensor 20 on intake section, which has, receives Dead volume between the preceding part of attached dose of bed and one direction aspirating valve (check-valves not shown on schematic diagram) keeps minimum excellent Point.Air velocity sense placement of the utensil 20 on the outlet side of cylinder have sensor will be less likely by any active gases, The advantages of pollutions such as aerosol, the dust but dead volume can be more greatly.

The embodiment of canister 30-L and 30-R on Fig. 2 is shown to describe 20 and 40 placement in mask of sensor. Warning light 50 and vibration component 52 can be located on the one or both sides of mask.For example, the hair on the outer surface of mask Vibration component 52 (being showed on Fig. 1) on the inner surface of optical diode 50 and mask 14.In the embodiment of Fig. 1-A and 1-B, Vibrating device 52 is positioned over the inside of mask and the sensitive spot on cheek, therefore can easily sense warning instruction.

The embodiment shown on Fig. 3 illustrates the use of the tank with connector hose 30.In these embodiments, The placement of tank can be on the back of user, on the side of band or in special leather sheath (not shown here).Airflow sensor 20 It can be placed directly on the intake section of mask and electricity or be wirelessly connected to central processing unit.Concentration sensor 40 can be positioned over Before nasal portion by the circular mask of two emergency warning lamps 50 in the good visible forepart of mask.Sound and vibration component 52 Mask interior can be positioned at, be preferably located at the skin sensitivity point of cheek.

The airflow sensor of thermal anemometers type is shown on Fig. 4-B.Three temperature sensors, thermal resistor 23 are symmetrical Ground is located in the most balance section of air stream.Other sensors are coupled into Wheatstone bridge and are installed to center crossbeam support element 28 In.The size of fan blade 26 shown on the sensor and Fig. 4-A shown on Fig. 4-B should not influence air stream and be more than 1% to 3%.

Fig. 5 describes the sectional view of mask, shows microelectronic component and/or central processing unit and its electric supply The possibility of (being preferably rechargeable battery 77) is placed.Exhausting for electric supply can refer to be shown on warning indicator, citing For, low battery state can be indicated by the frequent flash of light of emergency warning lamp：For example, two in 0.5 second interval continuously hold Continuous 0.5 second orange flash of light (for example every 5 minutes).

The battery should well charge and be checked when beginning to use (rotation).If when beginning to use battery, center Processing unit instruction battery life is less than full job rotating, then remaining life system can generate caution signal and application is new Battery described in the battery replacement of charging.

At the end of the service life of tank/cylinder, if concentration exhausts (80% to 85%) more than specific threshold, then red Emergency warning lamp should start to glisten to be shorter than 0.5 minute interval.This user's more creeling/tank that will notify necessity.Work as toxic pollutant Surrounding's concentration be more than surrounding air programmed threshold value (such as 2%) when, according to the safety legislation of compulsory execution, system alert Immediate danger.

The functional schematic of the embodiment of active type remaining life systems communication systems is depicted in Fig. 6, wherein institute Have conducting wire and radio interconnected and central processing unit and warning device-visible signal device 50 (orange and red LED), vibration/ Haptic device 52, aural alert device 54 interconnection and shown together with the interconnection of all the sensors.Between CPU element and RFID Be mutually linked as it is wireless, therefore CPU may after its installation cylinder of the inquiry through replacement and pressure switch 72 start it is described System.

The examples measure actual concentrations of remaining life instruction system, practical breathing air stream volume and sudden and violent in real time Dew, therefore the system can estimate the residual life of cylinder/tank.Other embodiments may include correcting the shadow of temperature and relative humidity Loud system.Other embodiments include remaining life and indicate system, and the remaining life instruction system is wrapped on tank Include the RFID to be communicated with central processing unit to store and report previous reconditioning and remaining life capacity.Therefore cylinder/tank may be used It replaces and new cylinder/tank will access the remaining life capacity of its memory and the new tank of report to allow effective use tank and still Effective protection to wearer is provided.

Fourth feature measures the concentration of oxygen level and pollutant for system and will join for described two safety simultaneously Understand that mode alerts user by three kinds in the situation of any deviation of number and safety standard.

Fifth feature is that system allows all data from any sensor to be also visual：RH, T, moment concentration, Remaining safety time etc..

The embodiment of described respiratory protection system, breathing mask and tank is not limited to particular implementation disclosed herein Example, component, method and step and material, this is because these components, process steps and material can change.In addition, it is adopted herein Term is only used for the purpose of description exemplary embodiment and the term is not intended to limitation, this is because of the invention The ranges of various embodiments will only be limited by the appended claims and its equivalent.

Therefore, although describing the embodiment of the present invention with reference to exemplary embodiment, those skilled in the art will manage Solution can realize variation and modification in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.Therefore, it is of the invention various The range of embodiment should be not limited to embodiment discussed above, and should only be defined by the appended claims and whole equivalents.

Claims (16)

1. a kind of respiratory protection system, including：

Breathing mask defines internal capacity, wherein the breathing mask, which includes remaining life, indicates system, it includes；

Central processing unit can calculate the residual capacity of chemical sorbent tank；

For receiving alternatively and selectively the attachment part of one in multiple and different chemical sorbent tanks, wherein institute Multiple and different chemical sorbent tanks is stated to include：For removing the chemical sorbent tank of a variety of different airborne target contaminants, With can storage tank data information, convey tank data information and the computer storage that communicate with the central processing unit stores Device, wherein the tank data include the information for identifying the airborne target contaminant；

For receiving alternatively and selectively the attachment part of one in multiple and different Chemical concentration sensors, wherein The plurality of different Chemical concentration sensor include for determine different airborne target contaminants airborne concentration it is multiple Sensor, and match, also, be received in institute with the specific chemical sorbent tank of the plurality of different chemical sorbent tank The Chemical concentration sensor stated in attachment part communicates with the central processing unit；

Airflow sensor communicates with the central processing unit；

Temperature sensor communicates with the central processing unit, wherein the tank data information includes the chemical sorbent Temperature compensation factor, and the central processing unit is based on the temperature compensation factor, the airflow sensor and described The output of Chemical concentration sensor calculates the residual capacity of the chemical sorbent tank.

2. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the breathing mask includes and the central processing unit The relative humidity sensor of communication absorbs wherein the central processing unit is based on the relative humidity compensating factor calculating chemistry The residual capacity of agent tank, and the tank information includes the relative humidity compensating factor of the chemical sorbent.

3. respiratory protection system according to claim 2, wherein the breathing mask includes and the central processing unit The baroceptor of communication, wherein the central processing unit is based on described in the atmospheric pressure compensating factor calculating for chemical sorbent The residual capacity of chemical sorbent tank, and the tank information includes the atmospheric pressure compensating factor of the chemical sorbent.

4. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, the particle filtering including including activated carbon substrate or zeolite substrate Device so that air passes through the particulate filter before the tank is entered.

5. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the breathing mask includes the alarm being located on mask.

6. respiratory protection system according to claim 5, wherein the alarm is included positioned at the interior of the breathing mask Vibration alarm device on surface.

7. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the breathing mask includes oxygen sensor.

8. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the breathing mask includes being symmetrically located at the air Three temperature sensors in the cross section of stream.

9. respiratory protection system according to claim 5, wherein the tank information includes the target chemical combination for the tank Object concentration limits, and when the concentration sensor indicates that the concentration of the target compound is limited higher than the concentration, described Alarm is activated.

10. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the concentration sensor attachment part is located at by two polices Before the nasal portion for accusing the circular mask of lamp.

11. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the chemical sorbent can absorb volatile organic Close object.

12. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the tank information includes the initial of the chemical sorbent Sorbent capacity and remaining sorbent use capacity.

13. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, including battery, to provide power supply to the system, and when described The remaining life of battery generates caution signal when being less than 9 hours.

14. respiratory protection system according to claim 1 including vibrating device, is positioned such that the vibrating device It will be close to the sensitive spot of the skin on the cheek of the wearer of the breathing mask.

15. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, wherein the system shows the remaining safety time of the tank.

16. respiratory protection system according to claim 1, including being located at the pressure switch in the internal capacity, wherein The pressure switch starts the system.