CN105181442B - Shaping air bag and the experimental rig and method for applying evenly load to plate using it - Google Patents

Abstract

A shaped airbag and its test device and method for applying a uniform load to a plate, the shaped airbag includes an airbag body, the airbag body is provided with an external shaped bandage or/and an internal shaped bandage, and the outer shaped bandage is located on The outer wall of the airbag body, the inner shaped bandage is connected to the two inner walls of the airbag body oppositely arranged, the outer shaped bandage or/and the inner shaped bandage are respectively along the horizontal, vertical and vertical directions of the airbag body Extending and shaping the airbag body. The shaped airbag is applied to the uniformly distributed load loading test of the plate, and the principle of the same pressure transmitted by the closed gas to the shaped airbag in all directions is used to simulate the situation of the uniformly distributed load on the plate, and the use of the jack force device can be convenient Control the size of the load, and the bearing capacity of the slab can be measured through the test. The test results are accurate and scientific, and can provide a basis for the design of the slab.

Description

Shaped airbag and its test device and method for applying uniform load to the plate

technical field

The invention relates to the field of structural testing, in particular to a shaped airbag and a testing device and method for applying a uniform load to a plate by using the same.

Background technique

At present, for the test of uniformly distributed load on the slab, the method of stacking sandbags or counterweights is mainly used, or the method of loading with distribution beams. Although the former can better simulate the uniform load, the test speed is slow and the labor cost is high because the loading relies on artificial piles of sandbags or counterweights. When the required load is large, the height of sandbags or counterweights is very high Large, even if the stacking height is very large, it cannot meet the load loading requirements. At the same time, when the slab is damaged, the unloading speed is slow and it is prone to danger; the latter is loaded by the jack through the distribution beam, which cannot simulate the actual uniform load. In this case, it can only be equivalent to a uniform load, and for two-way slabs, this method is not applicable. Therefore, the scope of application of the above two slab uniform load test methods is limited, and it cannot meet the requirements of the slab uniform load test. scientific research and engineering needs.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a test device and method for applying uniform load to the plate to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a shaped airbag which can apply uniform load to the board and has a wider application range, and a test device and method for applying the same to the board to apply uniform load.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A shaped airbag, comprising an airbag body, the airbag body is provided with an external shaped bandage or/and an inner shaped bandage, the outer shaped bandage is arranged on the outer wall of the airbag body, and the inner shaped bandage is connected to the airbag body For the two inner walls opposite to each other, the external shaped bandage or/and the inner shaped bandage respectively extend along the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions of the airbag body and shape the airbag body.

Further, an air valve is provided at the end of the airbag body.

Further, the external shaping bandage includes an external longitudinal bandage and an external vertical bandage, the external longitudinal bandage is arranged on the upper and lower outer walls of the airbag body and extends longitudinally, and the outer vertical bandage is arranged on the airbag body The surrounding outer walls are connected to the upper and lower outer walls of the airbag body.

Further, the internal shaping bandage includes an internal horizontal bandage and an internal vertical bandage, the internal horizontal bandage is arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of the airbag body, perpendicularly intersects with the external longitudinal bandage, and the internal vertical bandage is provided In the middle of the airbag body, it is connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the airbag body, perpendicular to and intersect with the inner transverse bandage and the outer longitudinal bandage.

Further, the nodes where the external shaping bandage intersects with the inner shaping bandage are fixed to the airbag body by rivets.

A test device that applies the above-mentioned shaped airbag to a plate to apply a uniform load, including a base, the base is used for placing the plate, the shaped airbag is placed on the plate, and supporting columns are provided on both sides of the base. The top of the support column is provided with a beam, and the beam is hoisted with a jack force applying device, and the jack force applying device applies force to the shaped airbag and transmits the load to the board.

Further, the jack force applying device includes a mounting base installed on the crossbeam, a hydraulic cylinder block, a hydraulic piston rod, and an articulated joint are arranged under the mounting base, and a loading box-shaped steel beam is connected under the articulated joint. The loading box steel beam abuts against the shaped airbag.

Further, a steel plate is provided between the base and the plate, and a fixed support strip steel is provided on the base, and a triangular support and a column support are provided between the fixed support strip steel, The steel plate is placed on the triangular support and the cylindrical support, and the plate is placed on the steel plate.

A method using the above test device, comprising:

Step 1: Assemble the test device;

Step 2: hoisting the board on the base;

Step 3: placing the inflated shaped airbag on the board;

Step 4: applying a load through the jack force application device, the load is applied to the shaped airbag and transmitted to the plate.

Further, in step 3, there are multiple shaped airbags placed side by side on the board.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The shaped airbag adopts an external shaped bandage or/and an internal shaped bandage for shaping, which can control the shape of the shaped airbag to ensure its combination with other test devices. The airbag body is flexible and has limited free deformation when stressed. The plate is in close contact; during the test, the load is transmitted to the plate through the shaped air bag, and the principle of using the closed gas to transmit the same pressure to the shaped air bag in all directions is well simulated. Control the size of the load, and the bearing capacity of the slab can be measured through the test. The test results are accurate and scientific, and can provide a basis for the design of the slab.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the airbag of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the shaped airbag of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shaped bandage in the shaped air bag of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of test device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of base in the test device of the present invention;

In the figure, 1—airbag body, 2—valve, 3—external longitudinal bandage, 4—external vertical bandage, 5—inner horizontal bandage, 6—inner vertical bandage, 7—base, 8—support column, 9—beam , 10—fixed support strip steel, 11—triangular support, 12—column support, 13—steel plate, 14—mounting seat, 15—hydraulic cylinder block, 16—hydraulic piston rod, 17—hinged joint, 18 —Load box steel beam, 19—plate.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, horizontal, vertical, etc.) If the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components change, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

The shaped airbag of the present invention is used in the loading test of the uniformly distributed load of the board 19, and the principle that the gas in the airbag transmits the same pressure to the airbag in all directions can simulate the situation that the board 19 is subjected to a uniformly distributed load, and obtain accurate and scientific results. , to provide a basis for floor design.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the left and right directions in Fig. 1 are taken as horizontal, the front and rear directions are taken as longitudinal, and the up and down directions are taken as vertical for specific description. The shaped airbag of the present invention includes an airbag body 1, which is made of flexible materials, and ensures the close contact between the airbag and the board during the test. The end of the airbag body 1 is provided with a valve 2, which is used to inflate or deflate the airbag body 1, and can release the internal gas when not in use, which is convenient for storage and full of gas when in use. The airbag body 1 is provided with an external shaped bandage or/and an internal shaped bandage, the outer shaped bandage is arranged on the outer wall of the airbag body 1, the inner wall shaped bandage is arranged inside the airbag body 1, and connects two opposite inner walls, the outer shaped bandage or/ and the internal shaping bandage respectively extend along the transverse, longitudinal and vertical directions of the airbag body and shape the airbag body 1 so that the airbag has a roughly fixed shape when it is inflated, ensuring its combination with other test devices.

The external shaping bandage includes an external longitudinal bandage 3 and an external vertical bandage 4. The external longitudinal bandage 3 extends longitudinally and is arranged on the upper and lower outer walls of the airbag body 1. Extending in the direction, connected to the upper and lower outer walls of the airbag body 1, perpendicular to and intersecting with the outer longitudinal bandage 3, the node where the outer vertical bandage 4 intersects with the outer longitudinal bandage 3 is fixed with the airbag body 1 by rivets. The internal shaping bandage includes an internal horizontal bandage 5 and an internal vertical bandage 6. The internal horizontal bandage 5 extends laterally and is arranged on the upper and lower inner walls of the airbag body 1, perpendicular to and intersecting with the external longitudinal bandage 3. The internal horizontal bandage 5 and the external longitudinal bandage The nodes where the bandages 3 intersect are fixed with the airbag body 1 by rivets, and the inner vertical bandage 6 is arranged in the middle of the airbag body 1, connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the airbag body 1, and connected with the inner horizontal bandage 5 and the outer longitudinal bandage 3 in pairs Vertical and intersecting, the node where the inner vertical bandage 6 intersects with the inner transverse bandage 5 or the outer longitudinal bandage 3 is fixed with the airbag body 1 by rivets. The above-mentioned shaped bandages are connected by rivets or other means, except for the sealed connection between the shaped bandages at the intersecting nodes and the airbag body 1, the rest of the shaped bandages are not connected to the airbag body 1. The shape of the airbag body 1 is limited by the outer longitudinal bandage 3, the inner transverse bandage 5, the outer vertical bandage 4 and the inner vertical bandage 6, so that the shaped airbag has limited free deformation, and can be used in the uniform load test device of the plate 19 , can be closely combined with the plate 19 and transmit uniformly distributed loads.

As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the present invention also proposes a test device that applies the above-mentioned shaped bandage to the plate to apply a uniform load, including a base 7, support columns 8 are provided on both sides of the base 7, and a cross beam is provided on the top of the support column 8 9. A stable gantry frame is formed. A jack force applying device is installed on the beam 9. The plate 19 is placed on the base 7. A shaped air bag is placed on the plate 19. During the test, the jack force applying device applies force to the shaped air bag and transfers the load to the Plate 19, so as to measure the bearing capacity of plate 19. Wherein the top of base 7 is provided with fixed support strip steel 10, and fixed support strip steel 10 is located at the both sides of base 7, wherein each side is provided with two fixed support strip steel 10, two fixed support There is a gap between the strip steel 10, which is used to place the triangular support 11 and the columnar support 12 respectively, and the triangular support 11 and the columnar support 12 are placed in the fixed support strip steel 10, which can prevent the , the triangular support 11 and the cylindrical support 12 have a horizontal displacement, and the steel plate 13 is placed on the triangular support 11 and the cylindrical support 12, and the plate 19 is placed on the steel plate 13 to avoid local compression at the end of the plate 19 when loading destroy. The jack force application device includes a mounting base 14 installed on the crossbeam 9, a hydraulic cylinder block 15, a hydraulic piston rod 16, and an articulated joint 17 are arranged in sequence under the mounting base 14, and a loading box-shaped steel beam 18 is connected below the articulated joint 17. During loading, the box-shaped steel beam 18 abuts against the shaped airbag, and exerts force on the shaped airbag. This test device utilizes the principle that the airtight gas transmits the same pressure in all directions of the shaped airbag, and it simulates the situation that the plate 19 is subjected to a uniform load. Provide evidence.

The method of using the above test device is as follows:

Step 1: Assemble the test device, specifically, first fix the crossbeam 9 on the support column 8 to form a stable gantry, then install the mounting base 14 on the crossbeam 9, so that the jack force applying device is hoisted under the crossbeam 9, and then Hoist the base 7 below the jack force application device, align the plane centroid of the base 7 and the plane centroid of the jack force application device in the vertical direction, and then place the triangular support 11 and the cylindrical support 12 on the fixed support respectively In the gap between the strips 10, the steel plate 13 is erected on the triangular support 11 and the column support 12.

Step 2: Hoist the board 19 on the steel plate 13 .

Step 3: Place the shaped airbag on the board 19, inflate the airbag body 1 through the valve 2 before placing it, and place the shaped airbag under the loaded box-shaped steel beam 18.

Step 4: Apply a load through the jack force application device, the load is applied to the shaped airbag and transmitted to the plate 19, so as to perform a uniform load loading test on the plate 19, and measure the bearing capacity of the plate 19, because the gas in the shaped airbag has an impact on the airbag The same pressure is transmitted in all directions, which can well simulate the situation that the plate receives a uniform load, so the measured results are accurate and scientific, and are a good guide for the design of the plate.

During the above test process, the sequence can be adjusted as needed. When the floor slab width is large, one or more shaped airbags can be placed side by side on the slab in step 3 to carry out the uniform load test of the slab, which can conveniently and accurately complete the slab. Uniformly distributed load loading test. The above-mentioned test device and method can not only be used for the loading test of the plate, but also can be used for the uniform load loading test of other structural components.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without Any deviation from the spirit and scope of the technical solution shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of 1. shaping air bag, it is characterised in that including：Flexible airbag body, it is taut that the airbag body is equipped with exterior sizing Band and internal shape-forming bandage, the exterior shape-forming bandage are arranged on the outer wall of the airbag body, the internal shape-forming bandage connection In two inner walls that the airbag body is oppositely arranged, the exterior shape-forming bandage or/and the internal shape-forming bandage are along the gas The horizontal, longitudinal and vertical of capsule body each extends over and shapes to the airbag body, and the exterior shape-forming bandage includes exterior Longitudinal bandage and exterior vertical bandage, exterior longitudinal bandage are arranged on the upper and lower outer wall of the airbag body, prolong along longitudinal direction To stretch, the vertical bandage in outside is arranged on the surrounding outer wall of the airbag body, is connected to the upper and lower outer wall of the airbag body, The internal shape-forming bandage includes inner transverse bandage and internal vertical bandage, and the inner transverse bandage is arranged on the air bag sheet The upper and lower inner wall of body, intersects vertically, the vertical bandage in inside is arranged in the airbag body with exterior longitudinal bandage Portion, is connected to the upper and lower inner wall of the airbag body, vertical two-by-two with the inner transverse bandage and exterior longitudinal bandage And it is intersecting, the end of the airbag body is equipped with valve.
2. 2. shaping air bag according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The exterior shape-forming bandage and the internal sizing are taut Fixed at the intersecting node of band using rivet with the airbag body.
3. 3. a kind of shaping air bag using described in claim 1 applies plate the experimental rig of evenly load, it is characterised in that bag Include：Base, the base are placed for the plate, and steel plate is additionally provided between the base and the plate, and the base is equipped with solid Determine bearing bar shaped steel, triangular support base and cylindrical abutment are equipped between the hold-down support bar shaped steel, the steel plate is positioned over described On triangular support base and the cylindrical abutment, the plate is positioned on the steel plate, and the shaping air bag is placed on the plate, described The both sides of base are equipped with support column, and the top of the support column is equipped with crossbeam, and the transverse beam lifting has jack force application apparatus, institute State jack force application apparatus and force in the shaping air bag, and transfer the load to the plate.
4. 4. experimental rig according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The jack force application apparatus is installed including mounting base In the crossbeam, the lower section of the mounting base is equipped with hydraulic cylinder, liquid presses piston pole and articulated joint, under the articulated joint Side is connected with loading steel beam with box shape, and the loading steel beam with box shape is connected to the shaping air bag.