CN105180434A - Composite heat source heat pump water heater - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite heat source heat pump water heater. There are a concentrating evaporator, an evaporator, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a compressor, a fan, a first electronic expansion valve, and a second electronic expansion valve in the equipment room. and a one-way valve, the condenser provides heat for the water in the water tank; the outlet of the compressor is connected in parallel with the outlet of the third valve and then connected with the inlet of the condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the one-way valve, and the outlet of the one-way valve The outlet is connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve, the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the concentrating evaporator, the outlet of the concentrating evaporator is connected to the inlet of the first valve and the inlet of the third valve The inlet is connected, the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the evaporator, the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the second valve, the outlet of the first valve is connected in parallel with the outlet of the second valve, and then connected to the inlet of the compressor. The application range of the heat pump water heater is widened, and the energy consumption of the heat pump is reduced.

Description

A composite heat source heat pump water heater

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat pumps, in particular to a composite heat source heat pump water heater.

Background technique

With the continuous development of new energy technologies, the use of low-efficiency and high-energy water heaters such as electric water heaters will be gradually restricted in the future. Air energy and solar energy, as renewable energy sources, can be applied to heat pump systems to solve building and domestic hot water problems. The air source heat pump water heater heats the cold water stored in the water tank by absorbing the low-grade heat energy contained in the ambient air. It has many advantages such as energy saving and environmental protection, and has broad development and application prospects.

The traditional air source heat pump system consisting of four major components: evaporator, compressor, condenser and expansion mechanism is limited by the exhaust temperature of the compressor. In order to maintain the normal operation of the air source heat pump, it operates at a lower ambient temperature The low efficiency limits the popularization and application of air source heat pumps. Therefore, how to optimize the existing refrigeration cycle system or develop a new heat pump water heater system to achieve the purpose of broadening the application range of air source heat pumps while maintaining good economics of heat pumps is an urgent problem for scientific research and technical personnel. The problem.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art, to provide a composite heat source heat pump water heater, which can effectively broaden the application range of the heat pump water heater, prolong the service life of the unit, reduce the power consumption of the heat pump system, and improve the overall performance of the heat pump water heater. operating efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the present invention is:

A compound heat source heat pump water heater, comprising an equipment room and a water tank, the equipment room is equipped with a concentrating evaporator, an evaporator, a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a compressor, a fan, a first electronic expansion valve, The second electronic expansion valve, one-way valve and controller, the condenser provides heat for the water in the water tank; the outlet of the compressor is connected in parallel with the outlet of the third valve and connected with the inlet of the condenser The outlet of the condenser is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve, the outlet of the one-way valve is respectively connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve, and the first electronic expansion valve The outlet of the valve is connected to the inlet of the concentrating evaporator, the outlet of the concentrating evaporator is respectively connected to the inlet of the first valve and the inlet of the third valve, and the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the concentrating evaporator. The inlet of the evaporator is connected, the outlet of the evaporator is connected to the inlet of the second valve, and the outlet of the first valve is connected to the inlet of the compressor after being connected in parallel with the outlet of the second valve; The evaporator is located at the front of the fan; the evaporation temperature detection device is installed on the evaporator, the ambient temperature detection device and the solar radiation intensity detection device are located at the upper part of the equipment room; the output end of the ambient temperature detection device , the output end of the solar radiation intensity detection device and the output end of the evaporation temperature detection device are respectively connected to the controller, and the control signal output end of the controller is respectively connected to the first valve, the second valve, the The third valve, the compressor, the fan, the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve are connected; an insulation layer is arranged outside the water tank.

The condenser is a built-in condenser, and the built-in condenser is placed inside the water tank.

The condenser is an outer-wound condenser, and the outer-wound condenser is placed between the water tank and the insulation layer.

The concentrating evaporator is composed of a concentrator body, a concentrator and a heat-absorbing coil, the concentrator is installed on the concentrator body, and the heat-absorbing coil is placed on the concentrator In the above, the concentrator body is installed in the equipment room by bolts.

The concentrator evaporator is composed of a concentrator body, a concentrator and a parallel flow heat exchange beam, the concentrator is installed on the concentrator body, and the parallel flow heat exchange beam is placed on the concentrator In the optical device, the concentrator body is installed in the equipment room through bolts.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

1. The heat pump water heater of the present invention controls the migration of refrigerant in the circulation system through the reasonable combination of various parts and the opening and closing of each throttling element and valve, so as to ensure that the system always maintains sufficient refrigerant circulation during operation. The system can be operated in the best operation mode, and the stability and operation efficiency of the system can be improved.

2. The heat pump water heater of the present invention optimizes the circulatory system, focuses on heating by concentrating light, supplemented by heating by air source, and melts the frost layer generated during the operation of the air source evaporator through phase change heat transfer in the process of concentrating light , effectively broaden the application range of heat pump water heaters, prolong the service life of the unit, reduce the power consumption of the heat pump system, and improve the overall operating efficiency of the heat pump water heater.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the working principle diagram of the composite heat source heat pump water heater of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the light concentrating evaporator of embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the light concentrating evaporator in Example 2.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The schematic diagram of the composite heat source heat pump water heater of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1, comprises equipment room 2, water tank 3 and controller 17, and described equipment room 2 is installed with concentrator evaporator 10, evaporator 8, first valve 11-1 , the second valve 11-2, the third valve 12, the compressor 5, the fan 9, the first electronic expansion valve 7-1, the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 and the one-way valve 6, the condenser 1 is the The water in the water tank 3 provides heat. The outlet of the compressor 5 is connected in parallel with the outlet of the third valve 12 and then connected with the inlet of the condenser 1, and the outlet of the condenser 1 is connected with the inlet of the one-way valve 6, and the one-way The outlet of the valve 6 is respectively connected to the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2, and the outlet of the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 is connected to the inlet of the concentrating evaporator 1. Inlet connection, the outlet of the concentrated evaporator 10 is connected with the inlet of the first valve 11-1 and the inlet of the third valve 12 respectively, and the outlet of the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is connected with the evaporator 8, the outlet of the evaporator 8 is connected to the inlet of the second valve 11-2, and the outlet of the first valve 11-1 is connected in parallel with the outlet of the second valve 11-2 to the Inlet connection of compressor 5 described above. The evaporator 8 is located in front of the fan 9 . The evaporation temperature detection device 15 is installed on the evaporator 8 , and the ambient temperature detection device 13 and the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 are located at the upper part of the equipment room 2 . The output end of the ambient temperature detection device 13, the output end of the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 and the output end of the evaporation temperature detection device 15 are respectively connected with the controller 17, and the control signal of the controller 17 The output ends are respectively connected to the first valve 11-1, the second valve 11-2, the third valve 12, the compressor 5, the fan 9, the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 ; The outside of the water tank 3 is provided with an insulation layer 4 .

The condenser 1 can be a built-in type or an externally wound type according to the needs of use. When the condenser 1 is a built-in condenser, the built-in condenser is placed inside the water tank 3 .

When the condenser 1 is an outer-wound condenser, the outer-wound condenser is placed between the water tank 3 and the insulation layer 4 .

A schematic diagram of a concentrating evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 2. The concentrating evaporator 10 is composed of a concentrator body 10-1, a concentrator 10-2 and a heat-absorbing coil 10-3. , the concentrator 10-2 is installed on the concentrator body 10-1, the heat absorption coil 10-3 is placed in the concentrator 10-2, and the concentrator body 10 -1 is installed in the equipment room 2 through bolts 10-4.

A schematic diagram of a concentrating evaporator according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3. The concentrating evaporator 10 is composed of a concentrator body 10-1, a concentrator 10-2 and a parallel flow heat exchange beam 10- 5 components, the concentrator 10-2 is installed on the concentrator body 10-1, the parallel flow heat exchange beam 10-5 is placed in the concentrator 10-2, the concentrator The device body 10-1 is installed in the equipment room 2 through bolts 10-4.

The evaporation temperature detection device 15 is placed on the evaporator 8 for obtaining the operating state of the evaporator 8; the ambient temperature detection device 13 is placed on the upper part of the equipment room 2 for obtaining the The operating environment temperature of the heat pump water heater, the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 is placed on the upper part of the equipment room 2, and is used to obtain the solar radiation intensity under the current environment.

In actual use, the ambient temperature detection device 13 and the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 first detect the operating environment parameters of the heat pump water heater. And according to the operating parameters of the evaporator 8 obtained by the evaporation temperature detection device 15, the corresponding optimal working mode is selected to work:

Working mode 1, when the solar radiation intensity obtained by the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 is greater than the upper limit set by the heat pump water heater control system: the fan 9 is turned on, the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is turned off, and the The second valve 11-2 is opened, the compressor 5 is opened, and the compressor 5 transfers the refrigerant in the evaporator 8 to the high-pressure side of the heat pump water heater refrigeration system through continuous suction and compression, so as to ensure the operation of the system When the circulating amount of refrigerant; when most of the refrigerant accumulated in the evaporator has migrated out of the evaporator 8, the second valve 11-2 is closed. The first electronic expansion valve 7-1 is opened; the first valve 11-1 is opened, and the second valve 11-2 is completely closed. The liquid refrigerant enters the concentrating evaporator 10 from the outlet of the condenser 1 through the one-way valve 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 for heat exchange, and passes through the first valve 11 -1 enters the compressor 5 to complete the compression, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the condenser 1 to heat the cold water in the water tank 3 to complete the hot water heating process. Since the concentrated evaporator 10 is a passive heat exchanger, it does not need to be driven by a fan for heat exchange, and the heat pump water heater in this mode will not be affected by the surrounding environment parameters. Therefore, the heat exchange of the system is stable and stable in this operating mode. The efficiency is high, and the evaporator will not produce frosting.

Working mode 2, when the solar radiation intensity obtained by the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 is lower than the upper limit value set by the heat pump water heater control system, but higher than the lower limit value set by the heat pump water heater, and the ambient temperature detection device 13 When the detected ambient temperature is high: both the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 are turned on, and when the system meets the requirements for the suction superheat of the compressor 5, try to The opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 is increased, and the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is decreased; the first valve 11-1 and the second valve 11-2 are simultaneously opened. The liquid refrigerant enters the concentrator evaporator 10 from the outlet of the condenser 1 through the one-way valve 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 Heat exchange in the condenser 8, and enter the compressor 5 through the first valve 11-1 and the second valve 11-2 to complete compression, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the condenser 1 to heat the water tank 3 to complete the process of making hot water. Since the concentrating evaporator 10 is a passive heat exchanger and does not need to be driven by a fan for heat exchange, the evaporator 8 is an active evaporator that needs to be driven by a fan for heat exchange. Therefore, the control idea of this mode is to make the The refrigerant flows through the concentrating evaporator 10 to complete heat exchange, and the remaining heat is supplemented by adjusting the variable speed or frequency conversion fan 9 that cooperates with the evaporator 8, so as to minimize the energy loss of the fan and improve the energy efficiency of the system .

Working mode 3, when the solar radiation intensity obtained by the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 is lower than the upper limit value set by the heat pump water heater control system, but higher than the lower limit value set by the heat pump water heater, and the ambient temperature detection device 13 When the detected ambient temperature is low: both the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 are turned on, and when the system meets the requirements for the suction superheat of the compressor 5, increase the The opening degree of the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 is decreased, and the opening degree of the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is decreased; the first valve 11-1 and the second valve 11-2 are simultaneously opened. The liquid refrigerant enters the concentrator evaporator 10 from the outlet of the condenser 1 through the one-way valve 6 through the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 Heat exchange in the condenser 8, and enter the compressor 5 through the first valve 11-1 and the second valve 11-2 to complete compression, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the condenser 1 to heat the water tank 3 to complete the process of making hot water. Since the concentrating evaporator 10 is a passive heat exchanger and does not need to be driven by a fan for heat exchange, the evaporator 8 is an active evaporator that needs to be driven by a fan for heat exchange. Therefore, the control idea of this mode is to make the The refrigerant flows through the concentrating evaporator 10 to complete heat exchange, and the remaining heat is supplemented by adjusting the variable speed or frequency conversion fan 9 that cooperates with the evaporator 8, so as to minimize the energy loss of the fan and improve the energy efficiency of the system . Different from the working mode 2, the evaporator may be accompanied by frosting after a long-term operation of the system in this running mode.

In working mode 4, the solar radiation intensity detection device 14 detects that the solar radiation intensity is lower than the lower limit value set by the heat pump water heater. If the heat pump water heater is started at this time, the system will run in working mode 4: the first One electronic expansion valve 7-1 is closed, the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is closed, the first valve 11-1 is closed, the second valve 11-2 is closed, the third valve 12 is open, and the The refrigerant in the concentrating evaporator 10 enters the condenser 1 after absorbing heat and undergoes a phase change. After most of the refrigerant in the concentrating evaporator 10 migrates out of the system, the third valve 12 is closed, and the fan 9 is opened, the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 is opened, the second valve 11-2 is opened, the compressor 5 is started, and the refrigerant passes through the second valve 11 after absorbing heat in the evaporator 8 -2 is inhaled by the compressor 5, and the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the condenser 1 to complete the hot water production process, and the liquid refrigerant after heat exchange passes through the one-way valve 6 and then passes through the first After throttling by the second electronic expansion valve 7-2, it enters the evaporator 8 to complete the circulation process. After the system has been running for a long time in this operating mode, the evaporator may be accompanied by frosting.

Working mode 5, when the system works in working mode 3 and working mode 4, the surface of the evaporator 8 will produce a frost layer after a long period of long-term operation. If it cannot be dealt with in time, it will have an adverse effect on the safe and efficient operation of the system . Working mode 5 is a defrosting mode. The controller 17 controls the compressor 5 to be powered off and the first valve 11-1. The second valve 11-2 is opened, the first electronic expansion valve 7-1 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-2 are opened, and the fan 9 can be selectively opened or closed according to the thickness of the frost layer. The liquid refrigerant completes heat exchange in the concentrating evaporator 10, enters the evaporator 8 through the first valve 11-1 and the second valve 11-2, and completes heat release therein, and the refrigerant that completes heat release passes through the The first electronic expansion valve 7-2 and the second electronic expansion valve 7-1 return to the light concentrating evaporator 10, and this cycle completes the light concentrating phase change defrosting cycle.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and Retouching should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a multi-source heat pump water heater, it is characterized in that, comprise canyon, water tank and controller, be provided with optically focused evaporimeter, evaporimeter, the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve, compressor, blower fan, the first electric expansion valve, the second electric expansion valve and check valve in described canyon, described condenser is the water extraction heating load in described water tank, the outlet of described compressor is connected with the import of described condenser with after the outlet parallel connection of described 3rd valve, the outlet of described condenser is connected with the import of described check valve, the outlet of described check valve is connected with the import of described first electric expansion valve and the second electric expansion valve respectively, the outlet of described first electric expansion valve is connected with the import of described optically focused evaporimeter, the outlet of described optically focused evaporimeter is connected with the import of described first valve and the import of the 3rd valve respectively, the outlet of described second electric expansion valve is connected with the import of described evaporimeter, the outlet of described evaporimeter is connected with the import of described second valve, the outlet of described first valve is connected with the import of described compressor with after the outlet parallel connection of described second valve, described evaporimeter is positioned at the front portion of described blower fan, evaporating temperature checkout gear is installed on described evaporimeter, and ambient temperature detection device and intensity of solar radiation checkout gear are positioned at the top of described canyon, the output of described ambient temperature detection device, the output of described intensity of solar radiation checkout gear are connected with described controller respectively with the output of described evaporating temperature checkout gear, and the control signal output of described controller is connected with described first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve, compressor, blower fan, the first electric expansion valve and the second electric expansion valve respectively, described water tank outer setting has heat-insulation layer.

2. multi-source heat pump water heater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described condenser is built-in cold condenser, and it is inner that described built-in cold condenser is placed in described water tank.

3. multi-source heat pump water heater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described condenser is externally-wound type condenser, and described externally-wound type condenser is placed between described water tank and heat-insulation layer.

4. the multi-source heat pump water heater according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described optically focused evaporimeter is made up of concentrator body, concentrator and heat absorption coil pipe, described concentrator is installed on described concentrator body, described heat absorption coil pipe is placed in described concentrator, and described concentrator body is installed in described canyon by bolt.

5. the multi-source heat pump water heater according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, described optically focused evaporimeter is by concentrator body, concentrator and concurrent flow heat exchange Shu Zucheng, described concentrator is installed on described concentrator body, described concurrent flow heat exchange bundle is placed in described concentrator, and described concentrator body is installed in described canyon by bolt.