CN105177796A - Environment-friendly safety airbag fabric and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an environment-friendly safety airbag fabric and a preparation method thereof. The raw material of the airbag fabric is polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT filament, and the fineness of the polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT filament is 300-600dtex , the number of single filaments is 80-150, through the woven full-forming process and the finishing process including scouring, washing, drying, heat setting, and calendering, good gas barrier can be achieved without coating treatment Performance and good anti-destructive performance. At the same time, the airbag has good biodegradable performance, which will form an effective replacement for the current airbags based on nylon and polyester with poor degradation performance.

Description

A kind of environment-friendly safety airbag fabric and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of airbag fabric and its preparation, in particular to an environment-friendly safety airbag fabric and its preparation method.

Background technique

The airbag fabric is the most important part of the airbag system, and its performance is directly related to the safety of the passengers. Therefore, the airbag fabric must have small packaging volume, fast inflation and deflation, long-term maintenance-free, excellent At present, there are mainly three types of processes: sewn coated airbag fabric, sewn uncoated airbag fabric and fully formed airbag fabric. However, airbag fabrics still mainly use nylon industrial yarn and polyester industrial yarn.

Due to the large consumption and high cost of the sewn type coated airbag fabric, the resulting fabric has poor foldability and a large packaging volume. The subsequently developed sewn-type uncoated airbag fabric uses raw materials with smaller fineness and higher strength to produce fabrics for airbags with better air permeability, but it still needs to use two layers of different specifications and structures, and two layers The fabrics with different air permeability required are stitched. The seamed edge of this kind of airbag fabric around the airbag is thick and difficult to fold, and the volume is still large after folding. The sewing materials and sewing techniques around the seam are not good enough to make the airbag work. Mistakes can cause safety hazards. The fully formed airbag fabric can be produced by an electronic jacquard machine without harness or a multi-shuttle loom or rapier loom equipped with an electronic dobby shedding mechanism and a two-axis positive automatic adjustment let-off mechanism. The warp and weft yarns of the two-layer fabric adopt different fineness and different twists, and the density of the warp yarns is different, and the density of the weft yarns is the same. Thereby forming a fully formed airbag fabric. This type of airbag can shorten the processing process, save equipment investment, and can effectively reduce costs. From a long-term perspective, this type of airbag has more development prospects.

Airbag fabric materials require fineness, high strength, impact resistance, good heat resistance, high heat capacity, softness, long service life and reusability. The fibers currently used in airbags are mainly nylon and polyester. Since the airbag is a "disposable" product, it will need to be replaced once it pops up, and the old airbag needs to be recycled. At the same time, there are many leftovers in the traditional airbag production and processing process, and these chemicals will be difficult to degrade if they are directly discarded in nature. Simultaneously, if adopting the airbag fabric of coating process, the recycling difficulty is high and the cost is high. It is necessary to use a new environmentally friendly raw material to replace nylon and polyester to produce "disposable" airbag fabrics.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly airbag fabric and its preparation method. The present invention realizes the easy folding and small volume of the airbag fabric through the full molding process.

An environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention, the raw material of the airbag fabric is poly(trimethylene terephthalate) PTT filament, wherein the fineness of the PTT filament is 300-600 dtex, and the number of single filaments is 80-150.

The airbag fabric has a slippage resistance of 700N or more in the warp direction and a slippage resistance of 650N or more in the weft direction.

The surface static friction coefficient of the airbag fabric is above 0.40 in the warp direction and above 0.65 in the weft direction.

Under the test pressure of 500Pa, the air permeability of the airbag fabric is 1.0-2.5L/dm ² /min.

Composting is carried out under the conditions of oxygen concentration (3-15%), temperature (58±2°C) and humidity (50-55%), and the biodegradation rate of the airbag fabric material reaches more than 30% within 60 days.

A kind of preparation method of environment-friendly airbag fabric of the present invention comprises:

The polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT filament is warped, weaved, and finished to obtain an environmentally friendly and safe fabric, wherein the finishing includes scouring, washing, drying, heat setting, and calendering.

The weaving is produced by the woven full-shape process, so that the fabric structure of the body part of the airbag fabric is a double-layer plain weave, and the fabric structure of the edge banding part is a single-layer reed mat twill weave.

The full molding process specifically includes: using jacquard weaving equipment, making the airbag body part fabric weave a double-layer plain weave basic weave, and the airbag edge sealing part fabric weave a double-layer plain weave knot weave or reed mat twill weave, wherein The double-layer plain weave weave is composed of a double-layer plain weave basic weave, which is connected to the inner weft by sinking the surface warp or is connected to the surface weft by raising the inner warp. The edge sealing of the airbag is double edge sealing, and each edge sealing is independent of each other. The distance between the double edge banding is 1-2mm, and the width of each single edge banding is designed to be 3-6mm.

The scouring temperature is 30-80°C, the washing temperature is 20-60°C, and the drying temperature is 50-120°C.

The heat setting is: the heat setting temperature is 100-160°C, the processing speed is 30-50m/min; the calendering is: the calendering light pressure is 30.0-220.0kg/cm, the calendering speed is 8.0-40.0m/min, The calendering temperature is 20°C-200°C, and the calendering times are 1-3 times.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention, the filament that forms this airbag fabric is polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) filament. PTT fiber has more excellent properties than polyester (PET), nylon (PA6, PA66) fibers: PTT fiber has particularly excellent softness and elastic recovery, excellent wrinkle resistance and dimensional stability, weather resistance, easy dyeing properties and good barrier properties, can withstand gamma ray disinfection, and improve the stability against hydrolysis, so it can provide the development of advanced clothing and functional fabrics, the clothes made of it are comfortable to wear, soft to the touch, easy to wash and dry quickly , non-iron, in line with the requirements of the fast-paced life of people; at the same time, the stretch recovery and stain resistance of PTT fiber are comparable to nylon 66, and its bulkiness and elasticity, low static electricity, abrasion resistance and low water absorption are all excellent. Therefore, the fabric obtained by weaving PTT fiber can absorb more energy under dynamic load, and play a better role in protecting the airbag fabric. In addition, the degradation performance of biomass PTT fiber material is very excellent. Compared with PET, PA6, and PA66, PTT fiber has obvious competitive advantages, and can be widely used in the fields of clothing, home textiles and industrial textiles. It will gradually replace PET, PA6, and PA66 and become a new type of chemical fiber in the 21st century.

In the environment-friendly airbag fabric of the present invention, the fineness of the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) filament is 300-600 dtex, and the number of monofilaments of the airbag yarn is 80-150. If the fineness of the PTT filament is less than 300dtex, the strength of the airbag fabric will decrease and it will be easily burned through; if the fineness of the PTT filament is greater than 600dtex, the airbag fabric will feel hard and not applicable It is used for the sewing of airbags, and those with a fineness greater than 600dtex are generally used as reinforcement fabrics for airbag inflation ports. The number of PTT filaments also greatly affects the feel of the airbag fabric, and it is necessary to control the number of monofilaments to be more than 80.

The novel environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention has a slippage resistance of more than 700N in the warp direction and a slippage resistance of 650N in the weft direction of the airbag fabric. If the slip resistance is too small, the airbag will be affected by high temperature and high pressure gas when it is opened, resulting in air leakage at the suture part, which will affect the effect of cushioning and protecting the driver and passengers.

In the novel environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention, the surface static friction coefficient of the airbag fabric is above 0.40 in the warp direction and above 0.65 in the weft direction. The static friction coefficient between filaments forming the airbag fabric is more than 10% higher than that of common fabrics, thereby improving the slipping resistance of the airbag fabric. Considering that the obtained airbag fabric has a soft feel, the static friction coefficient is preferably 0.40-0.50 in the warp direction, and 0.65-0.80 in the weft direction.

The novel environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention has an air permeability of 1.0 to 2.5 L/dm ² /min under a test pressure of 500 Pa. If the air permeability of the airbag fabric is lower than 1.0 L/dm ² /min, It will cause the airbag to fail to deflate in time after buffering the occupants, which will affect the escape of the occupants; if the air permeability of the airbag fabric is higher than 2.5L/dm ² /min, it will affect safety. The cushioning effect of the airbag on the driver and passengers.

The novel environment-friendly safety airbag fabric of the present invention, the processing technology condition is warping, sizing (comprising oiling or waxing), doubling, threading, reeding, weaving, post-finishing, and post-finishing process includes 1 drying, scouring , washing, drying twice, heat setting. The weaving process can use the combination and control of fineness difference, twist difference, and warp and weft density difference to process non-woven fabrics through the electronic jacquard device without wire or electronic dobby shedding mechanism and multi-shuttle box mechanism. The airbag body (inflatable layer) with the upper and lower layers of the fully formed coating has different air permeability. The reed mat twill weave is used in the non-inflatable layer (seam edge). For the implementation, please refer to the patent document (the authorized announcement number is CN202608715U): Jacquard weaving equipment is used, and the fabric structure of the airbag body part is designed to be a double-layer plain weave basic structure during weaving, and the fabric structure of the airbag edge sealing part is a double-layer plain weave joint structure Or the reed mat twill weave, the double-layer plain weave joint weave is composed of a double-layer plain weave basic weave, which is connected to the inner weft by sinking the surface warp, or connected to the surface weft by lifting the inner warp. The edge sealing of the airbag is double edge sealing, and each edge sealing is independent of each other. The distance between the double edge banding is 1-2mm, and the width of each single edge banding is designed to be 3-6mm.

During the finishing process, the scouring temperature is 30-80°C, the washing temperature is 20-60°C, the drying temperature is 50-120°C, the heat setting temperature is 100-160°C, and the processing speed is 30-50m/min. The reduction of the above-mentioned heat setting temperature reduces the air permeability under the condition of ensuring other properties of the airbag fabric. The calender line pressure is 30.0-220.0kg/cm, the calendering speed is 8.0-40.0m/min, the calendering temperature is 20°C-200°C, and the calendering times are 1-3 times. The calendered fabric can shrink the PTT fibers, fill the gaps in the fabric, and achieve a smooth fabric surface. It can also improve the air barrier performance of the airbag fabric. At the same time, because the surface of the airbag fabric is smooth, the skin on the face is not easily scratched.

Beneficial effect

(1) The present invention realizes that the airbag fabric is easy to fold and smaller in volume through a full-molding process; at the same time, it is not necessary to sew around the airbag, which avoids unsafe factors caused by poor sewing materials and sewing techniques; the non-coated full fabric The molding process provides greater convenience for the subsequent recycling of waste airbags;

(2) The present invention uses polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) fiber as the raw material of the airbag fabric, which improves the performance of the airbag fabric as a whole, including impact resistance, operability of calendering, etc., and makes waste airbags have Excellent biodegradability.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

The testing method of each physical property among the present invention is all as follows:

Slip resistance:

Tested according to the test standard of ASTMD6479-02 slip resistance. The specific method is to clamp the 50×300mm sample on the tensile tester to the special device for slipping resistance test. The distance between the chucks of the tensile tester is 200mm, and the test is carried out at a speed of 200mm/min.

Static friction coefficient:

According to ASTM D1894-01 test method of static and dynamic friction coefficient of plastic film and thin plate, the friction coefficient is measured. The specific method is to take samples of 10cm×20cm and 10cm×6.5cm along the warp or weft of the fabric, fix the 10cm×20cm sample on the flat plate, and keep the test surface flat; then fix the 10cm×6.5cm sample on the sensor through a soft connection Also keep the test surface flat, and ensure that the test direction of the two samples is the same warp or weft. Start the tester, the plate starts to move horizontally at a uniform speed and read out the value of the coefficient of friction, and calculate the average value of the coefficient of friction according to the test results.

Air permeability:

According to the ISO9237 fabric air permeability test standard, the static air permeability is measured. The specific method is to use a standard test head of 100cm2 when the test pressure is 500Pa. The air permeability obtained by the test fabric is subtracted from the test fabric by an acrylic plate to simulate the cross-sectional direction of the fabric. Air permeability, get the static air permeability of the fabric.

Biodegradability:

According to ISO14855-99 Determination of aerobic biodegradability and disintegration of plastics under controlled composting conditions, the detection method is to mix the sample material with the compost inoculum and put it into a composting container, at an oxygen concentration (3-15%) , temperature (58±2°C), and humidity (50-55%) to fully compost, and measure the final release of CO ₂ after the material degrades for 60 days, using the actual CO ₂ release and its theoretical maximum release Ratio to indicate the biodegradation rate of the material. The reference substance for detection is cellulose with a particle size of less than 20 μm, and the test is valid only when the degradation rate of the reference substance is greater than 70% after 60 days.

Example 1

Select the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) filament that the warp and weft yarn numbers are 300Dtex and the number of single filaments is 100, carry out full-form weaving of the above-mentioned filament by a water-jet loom, and then make the above-mentioned The fabric is then subjected to scouring, washing, drying, heat setting, and calendering. The scouring temperature is 60°C, the washing temperature is 30°C, the drying temperature is 70°C, the heat setting temperature is 120°C, and the processing speed is 30m/min. The pressure is 40.0kg/cm, the calendering speed is 15.0m/min, the calendering temperature is 40°C, and the calendering times are 3 times, finally the high-density uncoated airbag fabric of the present invention is obtained. Other physical properties of the airbag fabric are shown in Table 1.

Example 2

Select the polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) filament that the warp and weft yarn number is 600Dtex, and the number of monofilaments is 150, and carry out full-form weaving of the above-mentioned filament by a water-jet loom, and then the obtained above-mentioned The fabric is then scouring, washed, dried, heat-set, and calendered. The scouring temperature is 80°C, the washing temperature is 50°C, the drying temperature is 120°C, the heat-setting temperature is 160°C, and the processing speed is 50m/min. The pressure is 80kg/cm, the calendering speed is 30.0m/min, the calendering temperature is 60°C, and the number of calendering is 3 times, and finally the high-density uncoated airbag fabric of the present invention is obtained. Other physical properties of the airbag fabric are shown in Table 1.

Comparative example 1

Select high-strength nylon 66 filaments with warp and weft yarn numbers of 350Dtex and 144 single filaments, carry out full-shape weaving of the above-mentioned filaments through a water-jet loom, and then refine, wash, and dry the above-mentioned fabrics obtained. Drying and heat setting, wherein the scouring temperature is 60°C, the washing temperature is 30°C, the drying temperature is 70°C, the heat setting temperature is 120°C, and the processing speed is 30m/min, finally the high-density uncoated airbag of the present invention is obtained Other physical properties of the airbag fabric are shown in Table 1.

Comparative example 2

Select high-strength polyester filaments with a warp and weft yarn number of 500Dtex and 105 single filaments, and weave the above-mentioned filaments through a water-jet loom, and then scouring, washing, and drying the above-mentioned fabrics , heat setting, calendering, wherein the scouring temperature is 60°C, the washing temperature is 30°C, the drying temperature is 70°C, the heat setting temperature is 120°C, the processing speed is 30m/min, the calendering light pressure is 40.0kg/cm, and the rolling The speed of light was 15.0m/min, the calendering temperature was 40°C, and the calendering times were 3 times. Finally, the high-density uncoated airbag fabric of the present invention was obtained. Other physical properties of the airbag fabric are shown in Table 1.

Claims (10)

1. an Environmental Safety gas cell fabric, is characterized in that: the raw material of described gas cell fabric is polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT long filament, and wherein the fiber number of PTT long filament is 300-600dtex, and monofilament radical is 80-150 root.

2. a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the warp-wise slippage resistance of gas cell fabric is more than 700N, broadwise slippage resistance is more than 650N.

3. a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the warp-wise surface static coefficient of friction of gas cell fabric is more than 0.40, and broadwise is more than 0.65.

4. a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 1, is characterized in that: under 500Pa test pressure, and the air permeability of this gas cell fabric is 1.0-2.5L/dm ²/ min.

5. a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 1, is characterized in that: gas cell fabric material 60 days biological degradation rates reach more than 30%.

6. a preparation method for Environmental Safety gas cell fabric as claimed in claim 1, comprising:

Polytrimethylene terephthalate PTT long filament carries out warping, weaves, Final finishing, obtains Environmental Safety gas cell fabric, and wherein Final finishing comprises concise, washing, drying, HEAT SETTING, calendering.

7. the preparation method of a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: be woven as to be undertaken producing by woven full moulding process and make the capsule body fabric portion of gas cell fabric be organized as double-deck plain weave basic organization, air bag edge sealing part fabric tissue is individual layer reed mat twill-weave.

8. the preparation method of a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described full moulding process is specially: adopt large jacquard weave weaving equipment, the capsule body fabric portion of air bag is made to be organized as double-deck plain weave basic organization when weaving, air bag edge sealing part fabric tissue is double-deck plain weave stitch weave or reed mat twill-weave, and wherein double-deck plain weave stitch weave is promoted and table latitude access node through sinking and back weft access node or back warp by table by double-deck plain weave basic organization; Air bag edge sealing is two edge sealing, and each edge sealing is separate; At a distance of 1-2mm between two edge sealing, every single edge sealing width design will be 3-6mm.

9. the preparation method of a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described concise temperature is 30-80 DEG C, washing temperature is 20-60 DEG C, baking temperature is 50-120 DEG C.

10. the preparation method of a kind of Environmental Safety gas cell fabric according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described HEAT SETTING is: heat setting temperature is 100-160 DEG C, process velocity is 30-50m/min; Calendering is: calendering linear pressure is 30.0-220.0kg/cm, and calendering speed is 8.0-40.0m/min, and calendering temperature is 20 DEG C-200 DEG C, and calendering number of times is 1-3 time.