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CN105158868B - Platform payload coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical camera - Google Patents

Platform payload coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical camera Download PDF

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CN105158868B
CN105158868B CN201510451986.9A CN201510451986A CN105158868B CN 105158868 B CN105158868 B CN 105158868B CN 201510451986 A CN201510451986 A CN 201510451986A CN 105158868 B CN105158868 B CN 105158868B
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platform
mirror
ultra
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secondary mirror
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CN105158868A (en
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张伟
周伟敏
方宝东
满孝颖
江世臣
曹志宇
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Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering
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Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering
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Abstract

The invention provides a platform load cooperative system facing an ultra-large-aperture optical camera, which comprises a secondary mirror system and a primary mirror, wherein the secondary mirror system and the primary mirror are respectively positioned at two sides of a platform; when the primary mirror is completely unfolded, a light path between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror passes through the inside of the unfolded service cabin, so that the light path is not shielded, a camera images normally, and the problem of design of an optical satellite configuration with an ultra-large-diameter mirror surface is solved.

Description

面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统Platform payload coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical camera

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及航天领域,具体地,涉及一种面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同设计方案。The invention relates to the field of aerospace, in particular to a collaborative design scheme for platform loads oriented to ultra-large aperture optical cameras.

背景技术Background technique

近几十年随着航天技术的发展,航天器的结构趋于复杂,功能也愈加多样,尺寸和质量也越来越大。由于运载对质量和包络空间的限制,如何在相关约束下设计合理构型且性能符合的航天器是研制工作的重要内容。With the development of aerospace technology in recent decades, the structure of spacecraft tends to be more complex, its functions are more diverse, and its size and mass are also increasing. Due to the limitation of mass and envelope space, how to design a spacecraft with a reasonable configuration and performance under the relevant constraints is an important part of the development work.

空间折展结构是指在地面处于完全收纳状态,固定于运载工具的有效载荷舱内,当发射入轨后,根据地面的控制指令逐步完成展开动作,然后锁定并保持为完全展开状态,这种展开结构形式极大的提高了航天器的运载能力。The space unfolding structure means that it is in a fully stowed state on the ground and is fixed in the payload compartment of the vehicle. After launching into orbit, it gradually completes the unfolding action according to the ground control instructions, and then locks and maintains it in a fully unfolded state. The unfolded structure greatly improves the carrying capacity of the spacecraft.

大型光学遥感卫星,由于对观测分辨率、幅宽等性能指标的要求提高,使得镜面口径也随之增大。超大口径光学相机主镜面正常工作状态尺寸大于10m,且主次镜之间距离远(大于50m),两镜之间应存在无遮挡的光路。若按传统光学透镜进行设计,则根本无法满足运载包络,并且将相机安装于平台一侧,也存在支撑结构刚度与重量的矛盾,且难以保证成像精度。For large-scale optical remote sensing satellites, due to the improvement of performance indicators such as observation resolution and width, the mirror aperture also increases. The size of the primary mirror of a super-large-aperture optical camera in normal working condition is greater than 10m, and the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors is long (greater than 50m), and there should be an unobstructed optical path between the two mirrors. If it is designed according to the traditional optical lens, it cannot satisfy the carrying envelope at all, and if the camera is installed on the side of the platform, there is also a contradiction between the rigidity and weight of the supporting structure, and it is difficult to guarantee the imaging accuracy.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对上述现有技术中存在的技术问题,本发明提供一种面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,解决超大口径镜面的光学卫星构型设计的难题。Aiming at the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a platform load coordination system for super-large-aperture optical cameras, which solves the problem of configuration design of optical satellites with super-large-aperture mirrors.

本发明是通过下述技术方案来实现的:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,包括次镜系统和主镜,所述次镜系统和主镜分别位于平台两侧,初始状态下,次镜系统、平台、主镜均呈完全收拢状态,次镜系统、平台、主镜三者固连;展开时,主镜、次镜系统分别依靠收拢的桁架结构反向推离平台,到位后锁定,平台展开形成相互连接的三部分。A platform load coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical cameras, including a secondary mirror system and a primary mirror, the secondary mirror system and the primary mirror are respectively located on both sides of the platform, and in the initial state, the secondary mirror system, the platform, and the primary mirror are all completely In the folded state, the secondary mirror system, the platform, and the primary mirror are fixedly connected; when unfolded, the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system rely on the folded truss structure to push away from the platform in reverse, and when locked in place, the platform unfolds to form three interconnected parts.

所述主镜采用花瓣状构型,由偶数瓣子镜构成,采用伞状收拢,每块子镜通过铰链相互连接,收拢状态下径向包络小,展开时由伞状收拢变为子镜圆周均布阵面。The main mirror adopts a petal-shaped configuration and is composed of even-numbered sub-mirrors, which are folded in an umbrella shape. Each sub-mirror is connected to each other through a hinge. The radial envelope is small in the folded state, and the umbrella-shaped fold becomes a sub-mirror when unfolded. Evenly distributed fronts around the circumference.

收拢状态下系统整体包络小于 In the folded state, the overall envelope of the system is less than

所述次镜系统具有安装次镜外、还能够作为独立舱段安装相关配套单机和其他平台分系统单机的功能。The secondary mirror system has the function of not only installing the secondary mirror, but also serving as an independent cabin section to install related supporting stand-alone machines and other platform sub-system stand-alone machines.

所述主镜、次镜系统的支撑桁架长度与主镜、次镜系统的重量比成反比,实现了整星的惯量匹配。The length of the supporting truss of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system is inversely proportional to the weight ratio of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system, realizing the inertia matching of the whole star.

所述平台主要由大小一致的三部分组成,三部分相互之间通过内部桁架连接,初始时桁架收拢,三部分相互靠拢贴紧形成一圆柱体,当连接桁架展开,三部分径向扩张形成稳定的三角构型,中空空间变大,有效避让主镜、次镜之间光路。The platform is mainly composed of three parts of the same size. The three parts are connected to each other through internal trusses. Initially, the trusses are closed, and the three parts are close to each other to form a cylinder. When the connecting trusses are unfolded, the three parts radially expand to form a stable The triangular configuration makes the hollow space larger, effectively avoiding the optical path between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror.

所述主镜、次镜系统均采用三组独立桁架支撑,形成三角支撑,保证支撑面的刚度和稳定性。The primary and secondary mirror systems are supported by three sets of independent trusses to form a triangular support to ensure the rigidity and stability of the support surface.

所述桁架根部具有微调机构,能够微调桁架与平台倾角,从而保证主镜、次镜阵面相对位置关系。The root of the truss has a fine-tuning mechanism, which can fine-tune the inclination angle between the truss and the platform, so as to ensure the relative positional relationship between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror.

所述超大口径光学相机的主镜面工作状态尺寸大于10m,且主次镜之间距离大于50m。The size of the main mirror of the ultra-large aperture optical camera in working state is larger than 10m, and the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors is larger than 50m.

所述桁架根部通过力矩电机进行角度调节。The angle of the truss root is adjusted by a torque motor.

本发明由于采用了以上的技术方案,具有以下的特点:The present invention has following characteristics owing to adopted above technical scheme:

1、将平台和相机一体化设计,主、次镜位于平台两侧,收拢时满足运载包络要求,展开状态下有效缩短单组桁架长度,易保证支撑桁架刚度,提高展开状态下相机基频,改善了超大口径、超长距离的光学相机的构型设计;1. Integrate the design of the platform and the camera. The primary and secondary mirrors are located on both sides of the platform. When folded, it meets the requirements of the carrying envelope. In the unfolded state, the length of a single group of trusses is effectively shortened. , improving the configuration design of ultra-large-aperture, ultra-long-distance optical cameras;

2、单组主、次镜支撑桁架长度相比主次镜间距离短,有效降低加工装配难度;2. The length of the supporting truss of a single set of primary and secondary mirrors is shorter than the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors, which effectively reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly;

3、次镜系统除次镜安装需要外,可安装其他单机,有益于改善航天器布局,增大单机安装空间,平台外侧也可根据任务需求安装其他单机;3. In addition to the secondary mirror installation requirements, the secondary mirror system can be installed with other stand-alone machines, which is beneficial to improving the layout of the spacecraft and increasing the installation space of the stand-alone machine. Other stand-alone machines can also be installed on the outside of the platform according to mission requirements;

4、主镜、次镜系统通过支撑桁架收拢,初始时与平台连接,整体包络小,易符合运载包络要求;4. The primary mirror and secondary mirror system are folded together by the supporting truss, and initially connected to the platform, the overall envelope is small, and it is easy to meet the requirements of the carrying envelope;

5、星体由三部分组成,收拢时有效提高航天器整体刚度,展开后中间预留空间能够实现相机成像功能的需求;5. The star is composed of three parts, which can effectively improve the overall rigidity of the spacecraft when it is folded, and the reserved space in the middle can meet the needs of the camera imaging function after unfolding;

6、主镜由偶数瓣子镜组成,采用伞状收拢,展开后为平面构型,有效缩小了收拢状态下航天器包络尺寸;6. The main mirror is composed of even-numbered sub-mirrors, which are folded in an umbrella shape and have a flat configuration after unfolding, which effectively reduces the envelope size of the spacecraft in the folded state;

7、桁架组件根部存在微调机构,可调节桁架倾角,保证支撑顶部阵面精度以及主次镜间相对角度关系,除保证顺利展开外可在轨调整主次镜相对关系。7. There is a fine-tuning mechanism at the root of the truss assembly, which can adjust the inclination angle of the truss to ensure the accuracy of the supporting top array and the relative angle relationship between the primary and secondary mirrors. In addition to ensuring smooth deployment, the relative relationship between the primary and secondary mirrors can be adjusted on-orbit.

附图说明Description of drawings

通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

图1是本发明的展开状态示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the present invention;

图2是本发明的收拢状态示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the folded state of the present invention;

图3是本发明的展开过程示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the unfolding process of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

图1~图3所示,本发明所提供的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,主要由次镜系统1、平台(服务舱)2、主镜3三部分组成,其中主镜与次镜组合形成完整相机。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the platform load coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical cameras provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a secondary mirror system 1, a platform (service cabin) 2, and a primary mirror 3. The primary mirror and the secondary Mirrors combine to form a complete camera.

初始状态下,主镜3、次镜系统1、平台2完全收拢,三者固连,整体包络小于 In the initial state, the primary mirror 3, the secondary mirror system 1, and the platform 2 are completely retracted, and the three are fixedly connected, and the overall envelope is less than

如图1、图3所示,展开过程为次镜系统1、主镜3在次镜支撑桁架4和主镜支撑桁架5作用下分别反向推离平台2,然后平台2展开形成相互连接的三部分小平台,主镜3展开为阵面。As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the unfolding process is that the secondary mirror system 1 and the primary mirror 3 are respectively pushed away from the platform 2 under the action of the secondary mirror support truss 4 and the primary mirror support truss 5, and then the platform 2 is unfolded to form an interconnected There are three small platforms, and the main mirror 3 is expanded into a front.

主镜3采用花瓣状构型,由偶数瓣子镜8构成,采用伞状收拢,每块子镜8通过高刚度铰链相互连接。收拢状态下径向包络小,展开时由伞状收拢变为子镜圆周均布阵面。The main mirror 3 adopts a petal-shaped configuration and is composed of even-numbered sub-mirrors 8, which are folded in an umbrella shape, and each sub-mirror 8 is connected to each other by a high-rigidity hinge. In the folded state, the radial envelope is small, and when unfolded, it changes from an umbrella-shaped fold into a uniform array of sub-mirrors.

次镜系统1除安装次镜外,也可作为独立舱段安装相关配套单机和其他平台分系统单机。In addition to installing the secondary mirror, the secondary mirror system 1 can also be used as an independent cabin section to install related supporting stand-alone machines and other platform sub-system stand-alone machines.

主镜3、次镜系统1分别布置于平台2两侧,次镜支撑桁架4和主镜支撑桁架5的长度与次镜系统、主镜的重量比大致成反比,实现了整星的惯量匹配。The primary mirror 3 and the secondary mirror system 1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the platform 2. The lengths of the secondary mirror support truss 4 and the primary mirror support truss 5 are roughly inversely proportional to the weight ratio of the secondary mirror system and the primary mirror, realizing the inertia matching of the entire star .

平台2由三部分大小一致的小平台组成,相互之间通过内部的平台支撑桁架6连接,初始时桁架收拢,三部分相互靠拢贴紧形成一圆柱体。当平台支撑桁架6展开,平台三部分径向扩张形成稳定的三角构型,中空空间变大,主、次镜之间光路从展开的服务舱内部穿过,有效避让主、次镜之间的光路7,从而保证光路7不受遮挡,使相机正常成像。The platform 2 is composed of three small platforms of the same size, which are connected with each other through the internal platform support truss 6. Initially, the trusses are closed, and the three parts are close to each other to form a cylinder. When the platform support truss 6 is unfolded, the three parts of the platform expand radially to form a stable triangular configuration, the hollow space becomes larger, and the optical path between the primary and secondary mirrors passes through the expanded service cabin, effectively avoiding the gap between the primary and secondary mirrors. The optical path 7, so as to ensure that the optical path 7 is not blocked, so that the camera can image normally.

主镜支撑桁架5、次镜支撑桁架4均采用三组独立桁架结构支撑,形成三角支撑,保证支撑面的刚度和稳定性。桁架具有收拢和展开状态,收拢时收紧于平台内部,展开时主镜除径向伸长外,桁架结构根部与平台连接处,通过力矩电机可进行微小。Both the primary mirror support truss 5 and the secondary mirror support truss 4 are supported by three sets of independent truss structures to form a triangular support to ensure the rigidity and stability of the support surface. The truss has a folded and unfolded state. When folded, it is tightened inside the platform. When unfolded, in addition to the radial extension of the main mirror, the connection between the root of the truss structure and the platform can be fine-tuned by a torque motor.

以上对本发明的一个具体案例的实现方式进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。The implementation manner of a specific case of the present invention has been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,包括次镜系统和主镜,所述次镜系统和主镜分别位于平台两侧,初始状态下,次镜系统、平台、主镜均呈完全收拢状态,次镜系统、平台、主镜三者固连;展开时,主镜、次镜系统分别依靠收拢的桁架结构反向推离平台,到位后锁定,平台展开形成相互连接的三部分;平台的三部分相互之间通过内部桁架连接,初始时桁架收拢,三部分相互靠拢贴紧形成一圆柱体,当连接桁架展开,三部分径向扩张形成稳定的三角构型,中空空间变大,有效避让主镜、次镜之间光路。1. A platform load coordination system facing an ultra-large aperture optical camera, characterized in that it comprises a secondary mirror system and a primary mirror, and the secondary mirror system and the primary mirror are respectively located on both sides of the platform. In the initial state, the secondary mirror system, the platform , the primary mirror are in a fully folded state, and the secondary mirror system, platform, and primary mirror are fixedly connected; when unfolded, the primary mirror and secondary mirror system are respectively pushed away from the platform by relying on the folded truss structure, locked in place, and the platform is unfolded to form Three parts connected to each other; the three parts of the platform are connected to each other through internal trusses. At the beginning, the trusses are closed, and the three parts are close to each other to form a cylinder. When the connecting trusses are unfolded, the three parts radially expand to form a stable triangular configuration. , the hollow space becomes larger, effectively avoiding the optical path between the primary mirror and the secondary mirror. 2.根据权利要求1所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述主镜采用花瓣状构型,由偶数瓣子镜构成,采用伞状收拢,每块子镜通过铰链相互连接,收拢状态下径向包络小,展开时由伞状收拢变为子镜圆周均布阵面。2. The platform load coordination system for ultra-large-diameter optical cameras according to claim 1, wherein the main mirror adopts a petal-shaped configuration and is composed of even-numbered sub-mirrors, which are folded in an umbrella shape, and each sub-mirror Connected to each other by hinges, the radial envelope is small in the folded state, and the umbrella-shaped folded into a uniform array of sub-mirrors when unfolded. 3.根据权利要求2所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,收拢状态下系统整体包络小于 3. The platform load coordination system for ultra-large aperture optical cameras according to claim 2, wherein the overall envelope of the system is less than 4.根据权利要求1所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述次镜系统具有安装次镜外、还能够作为独立舱段安装相关配套单机和其他平台分系统单机的功能。4. The platform load coordination system for super-large-diameter optical cameras according to claim 1, wherein the secondary mirror system has the ability to install related supporting stand-alone machines and other platform subsystems outside the secondary mirror as an independent cabin section. stand-alone functionality. 5.根据权利要求1所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述主镜、次镜系统的支撑桁架长度与主镜、次镜系统的重量比成反比,实现了整星的惯量匹配。5. The platform load coordination system facing the ultra-large aperture optical camera according to claim 1, wherein the length of the supporting truss of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system is inversely proportional to the weight ratio of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system, realizing The inertia of the whole star is matched. 6.根据权利要求1所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述主镜、次镜系统均采用三组独立桁架支撑,形成三角支撑,保证支撑面的刚度和稳定性。6. The platform load coordination system facing the ultra-large-diameter optical camera according to claim 1, wherein the primary mirror and the secondary mirror system are supported by three groups of independent trusses to form a triangular support to ensure the rigidity and stability. 7.根据权利要求6所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述桁架根部具有微调机构,能够微调桁架与平台倾角,从而保证主镜、次镜阵面相对位置关系。7. The platform load coordination system for super-large aperture optical cameras according to claim 6, wherein the root of the truss has a fine-tuning mechanism, which can fine-tune the inclination angle between the truss and the platform, thereby ensuring the relative positions of the primary mirror and the secondary mirror array relation. 8.根据权利要求7所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述桁架根部通过力矩电机进行角度调节。8 . The platform load coordination system for super-large aperture optical cameras according to claim 7 , wherein the angle of the truss root is adjusted by a torque motor. 9.根据权利要求1所述的面向超大口径光学相机的平台载荷协同系统,其特征在于,所述超大口径光学相机的主镜面工作状态尺寸大于10m,且主次镜之间距离大于50m。9. The platform load coordination system for ultra-large-aperture optical cameras according to claim 1, wherein the size of the primary mirror of the ultra-large-aperture optical camera in working state is greater than 10m, and the distance between the primary and secondary mirrors is greater than 50m.
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