CN105149634B - The boring method that a kind of Double end digital control is bored - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling method for a double-head numerical control drill. The double-head numerical control drill includes: a horizontal Y1 axis, a horizontal Y2 axis, a power head 1X axis, a power head 1Z axis, a power head 2U axis, a power head 2W axis, The first motion control card and the second motion control card, the horizontal Y1 axis, the horizontal Y2 axis, the power head 1X axis, and the power head 1Z axis are connected to the first motion control card, and the power The 2U axis of the head and the 2W axis of the power head are connected to the second motion control card. The drilling method includes: using the power head to locate the three-point coordinates on the arc surface of the disc-like workpiece, according to the three points Point coordinates calculate the center coordinates of the disc-like workpieces; according to the center-of-circle coordinates, carry out the layout of the circular holes on the disc-like workpieces; The processing of the circular hole. The drilling method of the above-mentioned double-head CNC drill is convenient to operate, high in efficiency, and high in centering precision.

Description

A kind of drilling method of double-head numerical control drill

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control, in particular to a drilling method of a double-head numerical control drill.

Background technique

At present, metal tube sheets and flange parts are widely used in petrochemical, steam turbine, refrigeration, boiler, electric power (nuclear power, wind power) and other industries. Typical such as the processing of tube sheets, tube sheets are important workpieces for the production of heat exchangers. With the rapid development of petrochemical, electric power and other industries, its equipment has become more and more large-scale. The diameter of the tube sheet is usually 4M ~ 5M, and the maximum can reach 7M. Large-scale tube sheets have the characteristics of large number of holes (there are hundreds of holes with few holes, and thousands of holes with many holes), and small hole intervals. In order to ensure the requirements of the heat exchanger through the tube, the processing accuracy of the tube plate hole is very high.

The weight of the tube sheet workpiece is mostly about 1 ton to 3 tons, and the tube sheet workpiece is usually hoisted to the workbench and then leveled. Due to the heavy weight of the workpiece, it is difficult to move, and the position of the center hole of the disc is random after being placed. It is usually necessary to find the center of the disc before processing. At present, the general CNC drilling machine usually determines the center of the disc part by manual marking by the worker, and then manually moves the drill bit or the tool setter to the center point position, then records the coordinates of the center point, fills them in the G54 coordinate system of the CNC system, and then starts processing. This kind of manual tool setting has low efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation.

Contents of the invention

The application provides a drilling method for a double-head CNC drill, which solves the technical problems of low manual tool setting efficiency, poor precision, and extremely inconvenient operation of a CNC drilling machine in the prior art.

The application provides a drilling method for a double-head CNC drill, the double-head CNC drill includes: horizontal Y1 axis, horizontal Y2 axis, power head 1X axis, power head 1Z axis, power head 2U axis, power head 2W axis, The first motion control card and the second motion control card, the horizontal Y1 axis, the horizontal Y2 axis, the power head 1X axis, and the power head 1Z axis are connected to the first motion control card, and the power The head 2U shaft and the power head 2W shaft are connected to the second motion control card, and the drilling method includes:

Using the power head to locate three-point coordinates on the arc surface of the disc-like workpiece, and calculating the center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the three-point coordinates;

According to the coordinates of the center of the circle, the layout of the circular holes is carried out on the disc-like workpiece;

According to the layout of the circular holes, the machining of the circular holes is performed on the disc-like workpiece.

Preferably, the method also includes:

When receiving a pause control signal, the Z-axis of the power head 1 or the power head 2W pauses the machining of the circular hole;

After adjusting the feed depth of the 1Z axis of the power head or the 2W axis of the power head, the machining of the circular hole is continued.

Preferably, the method also includes:

When receiving a pause control signal, the Z-axis of the power head 1 or the power head 2W pauses the machining of the circular hole;

Receive the specified hole number information for the initial processing;

According to the specified hole number information, the circular hole with the specified hole number is processed.

Preferably, the method also includes:

The Z-axis of the power head 1 and the position information of the power head 2W are obtained, and the position information is converted into graphic pixel point information, coordinate mapping is performed, and display is performed.

The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

The drilling method of the above-mentioned double-head CNC drilling, by using the power head to locate the three-point coordinates of the disc-like workpiece, calculate the circle center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the three-point coordinates, and calculate the center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the circle center coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ), carry out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces, and carry out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces according to the center coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the disc-like workpieces. This method is easy to operate It has high efficiency and high centering precision, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation of manual tool setting of CNC drilling machines in the prior art.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only of the present invention. some examples.

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the drilling method of a kind of double-head numerically controlled drilling in the preferred embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of determining the center of a circle through three positioning points on the workpiece in the drilling method of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation interface of the MDI three-point centering of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of setting the speed after the pause processing of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of processing from any hole after the pause processing of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the dynamic display interface of the processing graphics of the double-head CNC drill in Fig. 1;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a machining process using the drilling method in FIG. 1 .

detailed description

The embodiment of the present application solves the technical problems of low manual tool setting efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation of a CNC drilling machine in the prior art by providing a drilling method of a double-head CNC drill.

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

The drilling method of the above-mentioned double-head CNC drilling, by using the power head to locate the three-point coordinates of the disc-like workpiece, calculate the circle center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the three-point coordinates, and calculate the center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the circle center coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ), carry out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces, and carry out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces according to the center coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the disc-like workpieces. This method is easy to operate It has high efficiency and high centering precision, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation of manual tool setting of CNC drilling machines in the prior art.

In order to better understand the above-mentioned technical solution, the above-mentioned technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

Embodiment one

First, the structure of the double-head CNC drill is introduced. As shown in Figure 1, the double-head CNC drill includes: Y-direction moving axis (beam moves back and forth), power head 1X axis (power head 1 moves left and right), power head 1Z axis (power head 1 moves up and down), the power head 2U axis (the power head 2 moves left and right), the power head 2W axis (the power head 2 moves up and down), there are 5 motion control axes in total, and the Y direction usually adopts bilateral drive due to the large format. The direction movement is 2 servo motors.

The system uses two MPC08 motion control cards to control up to eight motion axes. The X, Y, and Z axes are controlled by the No. 1 card, and the U and W axes are controlled by the No. 2 card. All axes can realize any three-axis linkage. Due to the large span of the Y-axis beam, the bilateral drive method is adopted. Bilateral drive method: Card pulse and direction signals pass through a bilateral drive pulse distribution board to convert one pulse into two identical pulse outputs, which control two servo motors on the Y axis respectively. The hand pulse adopts RS232 interface, and a special circuit is designed to send the X, Y, Z, U, V, W axis gear, magnification gear and encoder forward and reverse information on the hand pulse box to the PC through the serial port. The PC program handles the serial port interruption, and executes the corresponding motion according to the serial port sending instructions.

In order to solve the technical problems of low manual tool setting efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation of the CNC drilling machine in the prior art, the application provides a drilling method for a double-head CNC drill. The method includes the following steps:

Step S101, using the power head 1 to locate the three-point coordinates of the disc-like workpiece, and calculating the center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece according to the three-point coordinates.

Specifically, the edge finder can be used to find any three point coordinates (x ₁ , y ₁ ), (x ₂ , y ₂ ), (x ₃ , y ₃ ) on the edge of the workpiece, or the machine tool can use the active power head to 1 Position the three-point coordinates of the disc workpiece. After the positioning is successful, press the centering three-point coordinate input on the MDI interface, and the system will automatically memorize the three-point coordinates. If the coordinates of the input points are the same, the system will give an alarm prompt. According to the three-point coordinates of the center of the circle (x ₁ , y ₁ ), (x ₂ , y ₂ ), (x ₃ , y ₃ ), the formula for calculating the coordinates of the center of the workpiece (x ₀ , y ₀ ) is as follows:

The disc workpiece is a circular tube plate, and three points can be selected arbitrarily. If it is a baffle, three points on the arc surface need to be selected.

Step S102, according to the coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the center of the disc-like workpiece, the circular hole layout is performed on the disc-like workpiece.

Step S103, according to the layout of the circular holes, process the circular holes on the disk-like workpiece.

The drilling method of the above-mentioned double-head CNC drilling, by adopting the active power head 1 to locate the three-point coordinates of the disc-like workpieces, calculate the center coordinates of the disc-like workpieces according to the three-point coordinates, and calculate the circle center coordinates of the disc-like workpieces according to the center coordinates of the disc-like workpieces (x ₀ , y ₀ ), carrying out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces, according to the center coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the disc-like workpieces, carrying out the layout of the round holes on the disc-like workpieces, the method The operation is convenient, the efficiency is high, and the centering accuracy is high, which solves the technical problems of low efficiency, poor precision and extremely inconvenient operation of the manual tool setting of the CNC drilling machine in the prior art.

In order to prevent disc workpieces from being placed unevenly on the workbench and some round holes not drilled through, the method also includes:

Step S104, when receiving a pause control signal, the power head pauses the machining of the round hole. For example, during arbitrary processing, press the F3 pause button to pause processing.

Step S105 , after adjusting the feed depth of the Z-axis of the power head 1 and the W-axis of the power head 2 , continue to process the circular hole.

When drilling large-format workpieces, the drilling depth is usually shallow, generally 3-6mm. After the large workpiece is placed on the worktable, it is generally difficult to make the processing surface completely parallel to the worktable due to the uneven processing surface. Due to the large size and weight of the workpiece, manual leveling is difficult, and there is no way to completely level it. There will be a certain inclination between the processing surface and the working table (the angle is generally less than 0.02 degrees). If the diameter of the workpiece is 3m, the deviation in height may be 0.5-1mm. If the Z-axis height of the tool is set according to the center of the circle, some holes may be deeper, some holes may be shallower, or even some holes may not be touched. By suspending the machining process of the circular hole on the disc type workpiece, and then adjusting the feed depth of the power head 1Z axis and the power head 2W axis, the disc type workpiece can be avoided The workbench is placed unevenly, and some round holes are not drilled through.

After step S104, the idle speed and feed speed of the power head can also be adjusted, as shown in FIG. 7 .

In addition, after the step S104, receiving the specified hole number information for machining at the beginning, and processing the circular hole with the specified hole number according to the specified hole number information, as shown in FIG. 6 . That is, you can start processing from any specified hole number, which can solve the problem that sometimes some holes are not drilled due to unexpected situations such as drill bit breakage; or some holes are not drilled due to uneven workpieces during spot drilling; During processing, it is necessary to start processing from the specified hole number, so as to avoid re-processing from the beginning and wasting time. .

During the machining process, control the processed round hole and the unprocessed round hole to be displayed in different ways, as shown in Figure 7, so that the track of the drilling power head and the drilling track during processing can be tracked and displayed, It is convenient and intuitive to observe the running status of the machine tool.

Specifically, the dynamic graphic tracking of the machining process shows that after the automatic machining starts, in addition to establishing a special machining thread, there is also a user interface thread, which is mainly used to process user message responses, and set up a timer to refresh the machine tool regularly status, and synchronously display the drill track and drilled position.

The specific method of graphic tracking is as follows: Obtain the position information of the power head, convert the position information into graphic pixel information, and perform coordinate mapping. When drawing the position of the drill bit, first use the XOR mode of the brush to erase the original bit graphic, and then redraw the bit at the new position. At the same time, according to the number of processed holes, the processed holes in the graphic are filled with white, so that the user can easily observe to the current status of machining and drill position information.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8 , it is a flowchart of a processing thread using the drilling method in FIG. 1 . The realization of the special function of the CNC system adopts the multi-threading technology. After the automatic processing interface is pressed to start processing, a processing thread is created. The process of the processing thread is as follows: After opening the compiled G code, read a line of valid G code. If the number of lines is less than NUm, Then no operation is performed and the next line is read directly. If the number of lines is greater than or equal to NUm, execute the program downward. If you press the pause button during processing, the thread will directly exit and save the current processing line number Num and processing position information, press the continue processing button to restart the thread, but the G code before the Num line will not be executed. This is how arbitrary pauses and continuations in processing are achieved. When executing the G code, there is an isfirst flag bit, and isfirst is true before the thread starts. If it is true, the position information of the starting point of the G code is determined by the memory point of the CNC system. If it is false, it will be executed according to the original information of the G code. In this way, it can ensure that the execution of a certain motion processing command will continue after the pause, and the motion trajectory will not be messed up.

Pause to adjust the depth during processing: set the compensation depth parameters (zcomp and wcomp) of the Z axis and the W axis, adjust the Z and W positions after the pause, and the system will automatically memorize the information of zcmp and wcomp. For example, after the pause, the Z axis is adjusted downward by 0.1mm, then zcomp=zcomp+0.1, when the G code is executed, the Z and W axis feeds are completed separately, and do not participate in the interpolation movement. The G code movement values of the Z axis and the W axis are zcode and wcode, then the actual feed size zpos=zcode+zcomp; wpos=wcode+wcomp; this is convenient to realize the problem of pausing and adjusting the feed depth during processing. The depth compensation value continues until the end of machining.

After pausing, you can go to any specified hole number to restart: after pausing, press the button to any hole number, set the hole number n, the program will automatically calculate the program NUm number of the nth hole, and create a new processing thread, the thread first Execute the knife lifting procedure to prevent knife collision during movement. Other operations after improvement are the same as before.

In the actual processing process, the code of single-head processing and double-head processing can be automatically converted. After the center of the disc workpiece is positioned, it can be processed with a single drill or double drill. The numerical control system has a built-in algorithm, which can automatically calculate the optimal double-head movement trajectory according to the position of the center of the circle, the minimum distance between the two drill bits, and the respective movement ranges of the drill bits. One-key switching between single-head processing and double-head processing.

In addition, because the system adopts the structure of PC + motion control card, the software configuration is flexible. The system also comes with built-in integrated CAM functionality. Can directly read AutoCAD design drilling graphics. After setting the processing technology, output the G code directly. There are two ways of outputting: circular arrangement and row scanning. It is also convenient to set processing parameters such as processing speed and drilling depth. Double-head CNC drilling requires a CNC system capable of both single-head and double-head processing. Because the G code of the dual control system is usually the processing trajectory established with a single drill bit as the model. If you want to realize double-drill machining, you need to know the workpiece center at the coordinate point of the machine tool and re-plan and calculate the double-drill machining path according to the physical position information of the two drills. The existing drilling machine systems do not have the online conversion function, and special software is required to reinterpret the G code to generate a double-head processing code, and then transmit it to the numerical control system. The most common form is a CNC system + a dedicated computer for CAM conversion, and the conversion code is transmitted to the CNC system through a serial port or network. This operation method is complex and requires high operator requirements.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept is appreciated. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be construed to cover the preferred embodiment as well as all changes and modifications which fall within the scope of the invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (4)

1. A drilling method of a double-head CNC drill, characterized in that, the double-head CNC drill includes: horizontal Y1 axis, horizontal Y2 axis, power head 1X axis, power head 1Z axis, power head 2U axis, power head 2W axis, the first motion control card and the second motion control card, the horizontal Y1 axis, the horizontal Y2 axis, the power head 1X axis, and the power head 1Z axis are connected to the first motion control card, The power head 2U shaft and the power head 2W shaft are connected to the second motion control card, and the drilling method includes: The power head 1 of the double-head CNC drill is used to locate the three-point coordinates on the arc surface of the disc-like workpiece, and the center coordinates of the disc-like workpiece are calculated according to the three-point coordinates; According to the coordinates of the center of the circle, the layout of the circular holes is carried out on the disc-like workpiece; According to the layout of the circular holes, the machining of the circular holes is performed on the disc-like workpiece. 2. drilling method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: When receiving a pause control signal, the 1Z axis of the power head or the 2W axis of the power head pauses the processing of the round hole; After adjusting the feed depth of the 1Z axis of the power head or the 2W axis of the power head, the machining of the circular hole is continued. 3. drilling method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: When receiving a pause control signal, the 1Z axis of the power head or the 2W axis of the power head pauses the processing of the round hole; Receive the specified hole number information for the initial processing; According to the specified hole number information, the circular hole with the specified hole number is processed. 4. drilling method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: The position information of the Z-axis of the power head 1 and the W-axis of the power head 2 is obtained, and the position information is converted into graphic pixel point information, coordinate mapping is performed, and display is performed.