CN105138362A - Method and device for saving user configuration under Linux system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for saving user configuration under a Linux system. The method includes: using an open-source tool to establish a root file system and creating a new directory; finding configuration files in the root file system, and compressing the package to become a configuration Compress files, compress other system files into system compressed files; migrate configuration compressed files and system compressed files to non-volatile memory, decompress configuration compressed files to a new directory to form a copy of configuration files; Under the action of the file command, change the copy of the configuration file to obtain a new configuration file, compress the new configuration file, and compress it to form a new configuration compressed file; when restarting the root file system, decompress the new configuration compressed file to obtain the new configuration file and use it as The configuration file under the current Linux system. The method solves the problem of saving user configurations while ensuring the security of system files, and can save user configurations.

Description

Method and device for saving user configuration under linux system

technical field

The technical field of the Linux system that the present invention relates to, in particular, relates to a method and device for saving user configurations under the Linux system.

Background technique

At present, when building a linux system for a device, many methods are used, which can be roughly divided into two categories: one is that the root file system is directly on the non-volatile memory, and the files operated by the user are on the non-volatile memory. For example, directly select the file system on non-volatile memory such as disk, CF card, DOM card, and onboard flash as the Linux root file system; the other type is that the system files are stored in RAM, and the user directly operates the files in RAM .

In the first category described above, the mounted root file system is on a non-volatile memory, which can be a read-only type such as romfs, or a read-write type such as jiffs, yaffs, or ext4. The read-only file system satisfies the file security problem, and the user cannot modify or delete the file, so this type cannot allow the user to save the configuration; if it is a read-write file system, then the user operation The file on the non-volatile memory is the file on the non-volatile memory. After the operation is completed, the file is saved. After the device is restarted, the file is still the file after the operation. However, this method loses the security of the file, and the user's misoperation may cause the system to be unrecoverable. .

The second type of system files described above are stored in RAM. Before ramfs and tmpfs, a part of RAM is usually made into ramdisk, and then the system files of the final system are all in ramdisk, not real non-volatile memory. . Regardless of the older ramdisk or the newer ramfs and tmpfs, the system files are put into the RAM, and the user directly operates the files in the RAM. In this case, if the user modifies or deletes the files in the system, the actual Regardless of the files on the non-volatile memory, everything is back to normal after the device is restarted. This method satisfies the security of files, but it does not solve the problem of saving user configurations, nor does it solve the real-time saving of logs and abnormal information.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for saving user configurations under the Linux system, so as to solve the problem of saving user configurations and save user configurations while ensuring the security of system files.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for saving user configurations under a Linux system, the method comprising:

Use open source tools to establish the root file system initrd under the Linux system, and create a new directory newroot in memory;

Find the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and compress other system files in the root file system initrd except the configuration file into a system Compressed file;

Migrating the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompressing the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in the internal memory to form a copy of the configuration file;

receiving an instruction to change the configuration file input by the user, and under the action of the instruction to modify the configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file;

compressing the new configuration file by using the configuration saving command, and compressing the new configuration file into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file;

When restarting the root file system initrd, decompress the new configuration compressed file in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file, and use the new configuration file as the configuration file under the current Linux system.

Preferably, after the new directory newroot is created in the memory, it also includes:

Mount the new directory newroot to the ramfs file system or the tmpfs file system.

Preferably, the configuration file is found in the root file system initrd, the configuration file is compressed into a configuration compressed file, and other system files in the root file system initrd except the configuration file are compressed. The compressed package becomes a system compressed file, including:

Find out the configuration files related to user configuration preservation in the root file system initrd;

Compress the configuration file separately to form a compressed configuration file and name it config-origin.tar.gz;

Classifying and compressing other system files in the root file system initrd to form compressed files of each classified system.

Preferably, using the configuration saving command to pack the new configuration file into a compressed package, and compress the new configuration file into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file, including:

Utilize the configuration preservation command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compressed file;

Mount the non-volatile memory, save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory;

After the saving is completed, the non-volatile memory is unloaded.

Preferably, when the root file system initrd is restarted, the new configuration compressed file is decompressed in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file, and the new configuration file is used as the new configuration file under the current Linux system. configuration files, including:

When the root file system initrd starts the initialization script, utilize the mount command to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd;

Detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory; if it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form the new configuration file and use it as the current linux System configuration files.

The present invention also provides a device for saving user configuration under the Linux system, including:

Create a module for using open source tools to establish the root file system initrd under the Linux system, and create a new directory newroot in memory;

The first compression module is used to search out the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and convert other systems in the root file system initrd except the configuration file The file is compressed into a system compressed file;

A migration module, configured to migrate the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompress the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in the memory to form a copy of the configuration file;

The modification module is configured to receive an instruction for modifying a configuration file input by a user, and under the action of the instruction for modifying a configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file;

The second compression module is used to compress the new configuration file by using the configuration saving command, and compress the new configuration file into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file;

The startup module is used to decompress the new configuration compressed file in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file when restarting the root file system initrd, and use the new configuration file as the current Linux system. configuration file.

Preferably, the device also includes:

The mounting module is used to mount the new directory newroot to the ramfs file system or the tmpfs file system.

Preferably, the first compression module includes:

A search unit, configured to find configuration files related to user configuration storage in the root file system initrd;

A separate compression unit, configured to compress the configuration file separately to form a configuration file compression package and name it config-origin.tar.gz;

The classification compression unit is used to classify and compress other system files in the root file system initrd to form compressed files of each system in classification.

Preferably, the second compression module includes:

The storage unit is used to utilize the configuration preservation command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compression file;

a mounting unit, configured to mount the non-volatile memory, and save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory;

The unloading unit is configured to unload the non-volatile memory after saving.

Preferably, the startup module includes:

An initialization module, configured to use a mount command to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd when the root file system initrd starts the initialization script;

The detection module is used to detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory; if it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form the new configuration The file is used as the configuration file of the current linux system.

A method and device for storing user configurations under the Linux system provided by the present invention, the configuration files are separated from the root file system separately, packaged and compressed separately, and other system files become compressed packages and are stored in a non-volatile memory , then the system files are stored in the non-volatile memory, and the user cannot change the data on the non-volatile memory, and the system files cannot be changed, so the security of the system files is guaranteed.

Moreover, for the configuration file, the configuration file is packaged separately into a compressed file, and the compressed file of the configuration file is also stored in the non-volatile memory. The configuration file is actually the original configuration file, and the compressed file of the original configuration file is stored in the In the non-volatile memory, the configuration file obtained after decompressing the compressed file of the configuration file is stored in the directory on the internal memory, that is, the configuration file after decompression is located in the internal memory directory, and the user can change the data on the internal memory. Then the configuration file on the memory directory can be changed by the user, and the changed new configuration file is compressed to the non-volatile memory, and the compressed file of the new configuration file is stored in the non-volatile memory, and will be saved when the system restarts. After startup, the compressed file of the original configuration file and the compressed file of the new configuration file exist in the non-volatile memory. If the compressed file of the new configuration file exists, the new configuration file is used instead of the original configuration file, and the new configuration The compressed file of the file is decompressed into a new configuration file as the configuration file of the current system, which saves the user settings, so the method and device for saving the user configuration under a Linux system provided by the present invention realize the security of the system files. , which solves the problem of saving user configuration and can save user configuration.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the method for preserving user configuration under a kind of Linux system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for saving user configurations under the Linux system provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The core of the present invention is to provide a method and device for saving user configurations under the Linux system, so as to solve the problem of saving user configurations and save user configurations while ensuring the security of system files.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the method for preserving user configuration under a kind of Linux system provided by the present invention, and this method comprises:

S11: Use open source tools to establish the root file system initrd under the Linux system, and create a new directory newroot in memory;

Among them, the open source tools include the busybox tool, which can create a simple file system. After creating the new directory newrooot, mount the ramfs file system or tmpfs file system. Using ramfs or tmpfs can improve the performance of ramdisk, and there is no need to occupy excessive system memory. Both ramfs and tmpfs can dynamically adjust the occupied memory size, instead of wasting memory space in advance like ramdisk.

S12: Find the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and compress other system files in the root file system initrd except the configuration file into a system compressed file;

Among them, find the configuration file related to user configuration saving in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file separately, form a configuration file compression package and name it config-origin.tar.gz, and compress other files in the root file system initrd The system files are categorized into compressed packages to form compressed files of each system in the category.

S13: Migrating the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompressing the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in memory to form a copy of the configuration file;

S14: Receive an instruction to change the configuration file input by the user, and under the action of the instruction to change the configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file;

S15: Use the configuration saving command to compress the new configuration file, and compress the new configuration file into a non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file;

Among them, use the configuration saving command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compressed file, and mount the non-volatile memory, Save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory, and uninstall the non-volatile memory after saving.

S16: When the root file system initrd is newly started, the new configuration compressed file is decompressed in the non-volatile memory to obtain a new configuration file, and the new configuration file is used as a configuration file under the current Linux system.

Wherein, when the root file system initrd starts the initialization script, use the mount command to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd, and detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory, if If it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form a new configuration file and use it as the configuration file of the current linux system.

Specifically, for example, first use the busybox tool to make a simple file system for making initrd.

Classify the final running system files into compressed packages, for example, create a separate compressed package for the files related to user configuration preservation in the /etc directory and name it config-origin.tar.gz, and then classify and compress other system files according to your needs . Put all compressed packages into non-volatile memory, which can be hard disk, DOM disk, CF card, onboard flash, etc.

Next, add the following functions to the initrd startup initialization script: create a newroot directory, mount ramfs or tmpfs on the newroot directory;

Secondly, continue to add the following process in the initrd startup initialization script: The mount command mounts the non-volatile memory to the /mnt directory of the initrd, checks whether config-user.tar.gz exists, and decompresses config-user.tar.gz if it exists Go to the newroot/etc directory as the configuration file of the final system; if config-user.tar.gz does not exist, decompress config-origin.tar.gz, and use the content of config-origin.tar.gz as the configuration file of the final system.

Again, at the end of the initrd startup initialization script, decompress other necessary system files to the newroot directory, and use umount to unmount the non-volatile memory, and finally execute the chroot or switch_root command to switch the system to newroot. After the above operations, present it to the user The root directory of the final operating system is the newroot directory of the initrd.

After using the switch_root command to switch to the final system, use the mount command to mount the non-volatile memory storing the log to the /var/log directory.

Finally, a command to save the user configuration needs to be added to the final system produced, such as named config-save. The function of this command is to compress the configuration file. The compressed package is named config-user.tar.gz, and it is not easy to mount. volatile storage, save config-user.tar.gz to non-volatile storage, unmount non-volatile storage.

Therefore, using ramfs or tmpfs can improve the performance of ramdisk, and there is no need to occupy excessive system memory. Both ramfs and tmpfs can dynamically adjust the occupied memory size, instead of wasting memory space in advance like ramdisk. While solving the security problem of the system file, there is an independent command for the user to save the configuration, which improves the reliability of modifying the configuration file. When the user configures it arbitrarily, when there is confusion, it is easy to restore the factory value. It is only necessary to provide the command to set the config-user. The deletion of tar.gz can be completed, that is, when the user configuration is in confusion, you only need to delete the new configuration compressed file on the non-volatile memory, leaving the configuration compressed file, which is the compression of the original configuration file file so that it is easy to restore the original configuration. Moreover, there is an independent non-volatile memory for saving logs, which is convenient for abnormal information tracking.

According to the method for saving user configuration under a Linux system provided by the present invention, the configuration file is separated from the root file system separately, packed and compressed separately, and other system files become compressed packages and are stored in the non-volatile memory. Then the system file is stored in the non-volatile memory, and the user cannot change the data on the non-volatile memory, so the system file cannot be changed, so the security of the system file is guaranteed.

Moreover, for the configuration file, the configuration file is packaged separately into a compressed file, and the compressed file of the configuration file is also stored in the non-volatile memory. The configuration file is actually the original configuration file, and the compressed file of the original configuration file is stored in the In the non-volatile memory, the configuration file obtained after decompressing the compressed file of the configuration file is stored in the directory on the internal memory, that is, the configuration file after decompression is located in the internal memory directory, and the user can change the data on the internal memory. Then the configuration file on the memory directory can be changed by the user, and the changed new configuration file is compressed to the non-volatile memory, and the compressed file of the new configuration file is stored in the non-volatile memory, and will be saved when the system restarts. After startup, the compressed file of the original configuration file and the compressed file of the new configuration file exist in the non-volatile memory. If the compressed file of the new configuration file exists, the new configuration file is used instead of the original configuration file, and the new configuration The compressed file of the file is decompressed into a new configuration file as the configuration file of the current system, which saves the user settings, so this method solves the problem of saving the user configuration while ensuring the security of the system files, and can save the user configuration.

Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for saving user configuration under a Linux system provided by the present invention, the device includes:

Build module 101, be used for utilizing open source tool to set up the root file system initrd under Linux system, and create new directory newroot in memory;

The first compression module 102 is used to find out the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and compress other system files except the configuration file in the root file system initrd into a system Compressed file;

The migration module 103 is used to migrate the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompress the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in memory to form a copy of the configuration file;

The modification module 104 is configured to receive an instruction to modify the configuration file input by the user, and under the action of the instruction to modify the configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file;

The second compression module 105 is used to pack the new configuration file into a compressed package by using the configuration saving command, and compress the new configuration file into a non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file;

The startup module 106 is configured to decompress the new configuration compressed file in the non-volatile memory to obtain a new configuration file when restarting the root file system initrd, and use the new configuration file as the configuration file under the current Linux system.

Wherein, the device also includes:

The mount module is used to mount the new directory newroot to the ramfs file system or tmpfs file system.

Wherein, the first compression module includes:

A search unit is used to find configuration files related to user configuration storage in the root file system initrd;

The separate compression unit is used to compress the configuration file separately to form a configuration file compression package and name it config-origin.tar.gz;

The classification compression unit is used to classify and compress other system files in the root file system initrd to form compressed files of each system in classification.

Wherein, the second compression module includes:

The saving unit is used to utilize the configuration saving command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compressed file;

A mounting unit, configured to mount the non-volatile memory, and save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory;

The unloading unit is used for unloading the non-volatile memory after saving.

Wherein, the startup module includes:

The initialization module is used to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd by using the mount command when the root file system initrd starts the initialization script;

The detection module is used to detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory; if it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form a new configuration file and use it as the current The configuration file of the linux system.

The invention provides a device for saving user configuration under the Linux system, which includes a building module, a first compression module, a migration module, a modification module, a second compression module and a startup module. In this device, the configuration files are separated from the root file system, packaged and compressed separately, and other system files are stored in the non-volatile storage as compressed packages, and the system files are stored in the non-volatile storage. In the memory, the user cannot change the data on the non-volatile memory, and the system files cannot be changed, so the security of the system files is guaranteed.

Moreover, for the configuration file, the configuration file is packaged separately into a compressed file, and the compressed file of the configuration file is also stored in the non-volatile memory. The configuration file is actually the original configuration file, and the compressed file of the original configuration file is stored in the In the non-volatile memory, the configuration file obtained after decompressing the compressed file of the configuration file is stored in the directory on the internal memory, that is, the configuration file after decompression is located in the internal memory directory, and the user can change the data on the internal memory. Then the configuration file on the memory directory can be changed by the user, and the changed new configuration file is compressed to the non-volatile memory, and the compressed file of the new configuration file is stored in the non-volatile memory, and will be saved when the system restarts. After startup, the compressed file of the original configuration file and the compressed file of the new configuration file exist in the non-volatile memory. If the compressed file of the new configuration file exists, the new configuration file is used instead of the original configuration file, and the new configuration The compressed file of the file is decompressed into a new configuration file as the configuration file of the current system, which saves the user settings, so the device solves the problem of saving the user configuration while ensuring the security of the system files, and can save the user configuration.

A method and device for saving user configurations under the Linux system provided by the present invention have been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for saving user configuration under a Linux system, characterized in that, comprising: Use open source tools to establish the root file system initrd under the Linux system, and create a new directory newroot in memory; Find the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and compress other system files in the root file system initrd except the configuration file into a system Compressed file; Migrating the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompressing the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in the internal memory to form a copy of the configuration file; receiving an instruction to change the configuration file input by the user, and under the action of the instruction to modify the configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file; compressing the new configuration file by using the configuration saving command, and compressing the new configuration file into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file; When restarting the root file system initrd, decompress the new configuration compressed file in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file, and use the new configuration file as the configuration file under the current Linux system. 2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Mount the new directory newroot to the ramfs file system or the tmpfs file system. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the configuration file is found in the root file system initrd, the configuration file is compressed into a configuration compressed file, and the root In the file system initrd, other system files except the configuration file are compressed into system compressed files, including: Find out the configuration files related to user configuration preservation in the root file system initrd; Compress the configuration file separately to form a compressed configuration file and name it config-origin.tar.gz; Classifying and compressing other system files in the root file system initrd to form compressed files of each classified system. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the new configuration file is compressed into a compressed package using the configuration saving command, and the new configuration file is compressed into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration Zip files, including: Utilize the configuration preservation command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compressed file; Mount the non-volatile memory, save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory; After the saving is completed, the non-volatile memory is unloaded. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein when the root file system initrd is restarted, the new configuration compressed file is decompressed in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file, The new configuration file is used as the configuration file under the current Linux system, including: When the root file system initrd starts the initialization script, utilize the mount command to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd; Detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory; if it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form the new configuration file and use it as the current linux System configuration files. 6. A device for saving user configurations under a Linux system, comprising: Create a module for using open source tools to establish the root file system initrd under the Linux system, and create a new directory newroot in memory; The first compression module is used to search out the configuration file in the root file system initrd, compress the configuration file into a configuration compressed file, and convert other systems in the root file system initrd except the configuration file The file is compressed into a system compressed file; A migration module, configured to migrate the configuration compressed file and the system compressed file to a non-volatile memory, and decompress the configuration compressed file to a new directory newroot in the memory to form a copy of the configuration file; The modification module is configured to receive an instruction for modifying a configuration file input by a user, and under the action of the instruction for modifying a configuration file, modify the copy of the configuration file in the memory to obtain a new configuration file; The second compression module is used to compress the new configuration file by using the configuration saving command, and compress the new configuration file into the non-volatile memory to form a new configuration compressed file; The startup module is used to decompress the new configuration compressed file in the non-volatile memory to obtain the new configuration file when restarting the root file system initrd, and use the new configuration file as the current Linux system. configuration file. 7. The device of claim 6, further comprising: The mounting module is used to mount the new directory newroot to the ramfs file system or the tmpfs file system. 8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first compression module comprises: A search unit, configured to find configuration files related to user configuration storage in the root file system initrd; A separate compression unit, configured to compress the configuration file separately to form a configuration file compression package and name it config-origin.tar.gz; The classification compression unit is used to classify and compress other system files in the root file system initrd to form compressed files of each system in classification. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second compression module comprises: The storage unit is used to utilize the configuration preservation command config-save to compress the new configuration file and name it config-user.tar.gz to form a config-user.tar.gz compression file; a mounting unit, configured to mount the non-volatile memory, and save the config-user.tar.g compressed file to the non-volatile memory; The unloading unit is configured to unload the non-volatile memory after saving. 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the startup module comprises: An initialization module, configured to use a mount command to mount the non-volatile memory to the root file system initrd when the root file system initrd starts the initialization script; The detection module is used to detect whether there is a config-user.tar.gz compressed file in the non-volatile memory; if it exists, decompress the config-user.tar.gz compressed file to the newroot/etc directory to form the new configuration The file is used as the configuration file of the current linux system.