CN105134111A - Multifunctional borehole cleaning tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional wellbore cleaning tool, which comprises a debris adsorption mechanism, a power flushing mechanism, a salvage collection mechanism, and a milling mechanism from top to bottom. The debris adsorption mechanism includes a magnetic overshot; The upper end of the joint is connected with the magnetic fisher, the lower end of the upper joint is connected with the power pipe, the spray bush on the inner wall of the power pipe is equipped with a nozzle, and the power pipe wall has a spray port; the upper collecting cylinder of the salvage collection mechanism is connected with the lower end of the power pipe, A filter screen is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the upper collection tube; a splitter block is arranged at intervals under the filter screen joint, and the splitter block is connected to the shunt tube downward; the shunt tube seat is connected to the upper end of the lower collection tube downward, and the shunt tube seat is in contact with the lower collection tube There is a filter plate on the surface; the lower end of the lower collection tube is connected to the upper end of the valve cylinder, and two sets of disc valves are installed in the valve cylinder; the lower end of the valve cylinder is connected to the milling shoe of the milling mechanism. The device of the invention can simultaneously complete the operations of washing, milling, and fragment salvage and collection.

Description

A Multifunctional Wellbore Cleaning Tool

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum machinery and equipment, and relates to a multifunctional wellbore cleaning tool.

Background technique

In the process of domestic milling and milling operations, ordinary milling tools are generally used for crushing, and the debris is discharged from the wellhead through the drilling fluid circulation, which may damage the wellhead equipment, and there must be special requirements for the drilling fluid composition in order to carry the metal debris out of the wellhead , which will increase the operating cost. Relying on the circulation of drilling fluid is also difficult to bring the large pieces of debris scattered after the milling operation out of the wellhead, and subsequent fishing is very difficult.

The development of foreign multi-functional cleaning tools is relatively mature, but the modularization and pertinence of such tools are not ideal enough. During the use process, the tool effect is difficult to fully exert, the function is single, the cleaning is not thorough, and the metal shavings are suspended to damage the wellhead equipment.

It is very urgent to develop a multi-functional wellbore cleaning tool that does not damage the wellhead equipment and can salvage and collect the ground fragments.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional wellbore cleaning tool to solve the problems of incomplete fishing and collection of milling debris, low efficiency and high cost in the prior art.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a multifunctional wellbore cleaning tool, which sequentially includes a debris adsorption mechanism, a power flushing mechanism, a salvage collection mechanism, and a milling mechanism from top to bottom.

The debris adsorption mechanism includes a hollow magnetic overshot, densely distributed permanent magnets are evenly installed on the outer wall of the magnetic overshot, and the upper end of the magnetic overshot is connected with the drill pipe;

The power flushing mechanism includes an upper joint, the upper end of the upper joint is connected with the lower end of the magnetic fisher, the lower end of the upper joint is connected with the power pipe through threads, and a spray bush is installed on the inner wall of the power pipe, and multiple The nozzle has a plurality of ejection ports on the wall of the power pipe, and the injection bushing is positioned and connected with the power pipe; a bushing plug is installed at the lower end of the jetting bush, and the bushing plug is threadedly connected with the jetting bushing;

The salvage collection mechanism includes an upper collection tube, the upper end of the upper collection tube is threadedly connected with the lower end of the power pipe, a filter screen seat is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the upper collection tube, and a long columnar filter screen is connected downwards to the filter screen seat, and a long columnar filter screen is connected to the lower end of the filter screen. Filter joints; there are diverter blocks at intervals below the filter joints. The diverter blocks are provided with four outwardly inclined outlets. The diverter blocks are connected downwards with the threads of the diverter pipes. Set connection; the shunt tube seat is threaded downwards to the upper end of the lower collection tube, and the contact surface between the shunt tube seat and the lower collection tube is provided with a filter plate; the lower end of the lower collection tube is threaded to the upper end of the valve cylinder, and two sets of disc valves are installed in the valve cylinder;

The lower end of the valve barrel is threadedly connected with the milling shoe of the milling mechanism.

The multifunctional borehole cleaning tool of the present invention is also characterized in that:

A plurality of grinding and milling groups are evenly arranged on the lower end surface and the lower end of the grinding shoe along the outer periphery, and each grinding and milling group includes densely distributed diamond particles.

Each disc valve consists of four valve discs, a valve seat and four torsion springs, and the valve disc adopts a single-opening structure.

The nozzle is a Venturi jet structure.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that washing, milling, salvage and collection are integrated, and flushing, milling and debris salvage collection can be completed simultaneously. The salvage and collection of debris is to form a local fluid reverse circulation through the Venturi effect. In the reverse circulation system, small debris and large debris are collected in the tool collection bin through fluid circulation, avoiding the damage of wellhead equipment due to upward discharge of debris . There is no need for multiple trips during the entire operation, and the requirements for the flow rate and composition of the drilling fluid are not high, which improves the efficiency and reduces the operating cost. Specifically include:

1) Integrated design, which integrates washing, milling and salvage collection functions. During the operation, the drill pipe transmits torque to drive the tool, and drives the grinding shoe at the bottom of the tool to work. The bridge plug is ground and broken. Under the action of Venturi suction, the fluid is sucked and the debris is carried up along the center of the tool. Enter the collection bin to complete debris capture. The Venturi power injection pipe is installed on the upper part of the tool collection chamber. During the milling process, the debris is carried by the fluid and will move upward from the center of the milling tool, pass through the shunt pipe, and flow through the filter screen along with the milling fluid in the shunt pipe. Filtration, will settle down in the collection bin. The powerful transportation ability can bring large pieces of falling objects (such as stones, slip fragments, falling cone pieces, etc.) into the collection bin to complete the collection of debris.

2) The present invention adopts local reverse circulation, so that metal debris will not be suspended in the drilling fluid or milling fluid, thereby avoiding the accumulation of chips in the blowout preventer and damaging the equipment.

3) The present invention does not need milling fluid with special formula, and the loss of liquid flow is small during the working process, which saves the cost.

4) The present invention adopts a modular design, and different modules can be matched and customized according to different operation contents and well conditions: a) The length of the collection chamber is determined according to the expected debris volume; b) Different fishing media can be selected for different fishing media. Capture scheme; c) Adjust the suction capacity by changing the nozzle and taking into account the overall operating pressure to achieve the maximum capture effect; d) The bottom of the tool can be connected to different devices according to requirements, and can be connected to scrapers, eye grinding shoes and flat grinding shoes , It can also be opened to directly carry out salvage and collection operations. The unified connection buckle is adopted between each module, which is convenient for interchange, the collection chamber can be superimposed, and the matching of various parts is easy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cleaning tool of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the debris adsorption mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the power flushing mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the salvage collection mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram II of the salvage collection mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the milling mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the end face structure of the grinding shoe in the milling mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Magnetic fisher, 2. Upper joint, 3. Power pipe, 4. Jet bushing, 5. Pin, 6. Nozzle, 7. Bushing joint, 8. Filter seat, 9. Filter screen, 10. Upper collection cylinder, 11. Filter joint, 12. Diverter block, 13. Diverter pipe, 14. Diverter pipe seat, 15. Filter plate, 16. Lower collection cylinder, 17. Valve disc, 18. Valve seat, 19 .Torsion spring, 20. Valve cylinder, 21. Grinding shoes, 22. Diamond particles, 23. Flow port, 24. Permanent magnet.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, the structure of the present invention is that, from top to bottom, it includes a debris adsorption mechanism, a power flushing mechanism, a salvage collection mechanism, and a milling mechanism.

Referring to Fig. 2, the debris adsorption mechanism is located at the uppermost part, including a hollow magnetic fisher 1, and the outer wall of the magnetic fisher 1 is evenly equipped with densely distributed permanent magnet blocks 24, and the upper end of the magnetic fisher 1 is connected with the drill pipe; There are 36 strong permanent magnets in four rows with equal spacing, which ensures the ability to absorb iron debris after combination. The permanent magnets can be disassembled and replaced.

Referring to Figure 3, a power flushing mechanism is connected to the lower end of the magnetic fisher 1, the power flushing mechanism includes an upper joint 2, the upper end of the upper joint 2 is connected to the lower end of the magnetic fisher 1 through a standard drill pipe buckle, and the lower end of the upper joint 2 is connected to the power pipe 3 through Threaded connection, the inner wall of the power pipe 3 is equipped with a jetting bushing 4, and a plurality of nozzles 6 are installed in the jetting bushing 4 evenly and obliquely along the circumference, and a plurality of ejection ports are correspondingly opened on the wall of the power pipe 3, and the jetting bushing 4 passes through The pin 5 is positioned and connected with the power pipe 3 to ensure that the nozzle 6 installed on the injection bush 4 is aligned with the outlet of the power pipe 3 to facilitate outward spraying; the lower end of the injection bush 4 is equipped with a bushing plug 7 and a bushing plug 7 Threaded connection with injection bushing 4.

In the embodiment, three sets of replaceable nozzles 6 are used in the injection bushing 4. The nozzles 6 are of Venturi jet structure. Using the principle of convective acceleration, the fluid sprayed after work not only flushes and cleans the inside of the bushing, but also cleans the inside of the tool. After the rotation, the swirling flow suction is formed at the bottom, and the function is completed through local reverse circulation, which avoids the danger of positive circulation debris being brought out of the wellhead and damages the wellhead equipment, and at the same time greatly reduces the mud cost.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the salvage collection mechanism includes an upper collection tube 10, the upper end of the upper collection tube 10 is threadedly connected with the lower end of the power pipe 3, and a filter screen seat 8 is installed on the inner wall of the upper end of the upper collection tube 10, and the filter screen seat 8 is connected downward. There is a long columnar filter screen 9, and the lower end of the filter screen 9 is connected with a filter screen joint 11; below the filter screen joint 11, a diverter block 12 is arranged at intervals, and the diverter block 12 is provided with four outwardly inclined outlets, and the diverter block 12 is downwardly connected to the The shunt pipe 13 is threaded, the lower end of the upper collection tube 10 and the lower end of the shunt pipe 13 are respectively threaded and connected with the shunt pipe seat 14; The contact surface of 16 is provided with a filter plate 15; the lower end of the lower collection tube 16 is threadedly connected with the upper end of the valve cylinder 20, and two groups of flap valves are housed in the valve cylinder 20, wherein each group of flap valves consists of four valve flaps 17, one valve seat 18 and four A torsion spring 19 is formed.

The salvage collection mechanism is used to classify the debris after grinding and milling according to the size. Two collection bins are separated to collect the debris. After the debris passes through the flap valve 17, the larger debris is blocked by the filter plate 15, and the small debris continues to pass through. The shunt pipe 13 decelerates after exiting the shunt block 12, and settles and collects after being filtered by the filter screen 9. The shunt block 12 adopts the structure of four oblique openings so that the fragments do not return from the original path after settling, and the fluid kinetic energy loss of this structure is minimal, and the valve disc The single-open structure setting of 17 also blocks the circuit of large pieces of debris to achieve the collection effect.

The connection between the above-mentioned adjacent mechanisms of the present invention adopts double-stage positive rectangular short-tooth synchronous thread connection (TSWP), which improves the torsional strength of the tool under the premise of ensuring the volume of the collection bin, and meets the operation requirements.

Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the lower end of the valve cylinder 20 is threadedly connected with the milling shoe 21 of the milling mechanism (as shown in Fig. 4), and the lower end surface and the lower end of the milling shoe 21 are evenly arranged with a plurality of milling groups along the outer periphery, and each milling The milling group includes dense diamond particles 22, and the lower end surface of the grinding shoe 21 is also provided with a plurality of flow ports 23 along the axial direction.

The embodiment adopts a milling shoe structure with grooves on the bottom, and the inner and bottom surfaces are interlaced with diamond particles. The milling shoe is provided with six evenly distributed flow ports 23, which play the role of cooling the milling edge and accelerating the fluid. Fluid allows debris to more easily travel down the sole into the tool collection chamber, enhancing fishing capabilities.

The cleaning tool of the present invention adopts a modular design, the thread at the top of the tool is matched with the conventional drill pipe, and the various mechanisms of the tool adopt a unified buckle type, and the tools are reasonably matched according to the well conditions and operation content, so as to achieve the best operation effect.

The working principle of the present invention is,

The cleaning tool of the present invention is upwardly connected to the lower end of the drill rod, and the drill rod drives the cleaning tool to rotate, and the grinding shoe 21 at the bottom of the cleaning tool starts to work. During the working process, the fluid is pumped into the cleaning tool, and the spraying bush 4 is caused by the nozzle The throttling high-speed injection of 6 generates a pressure difference, and a reverse circulation is generated under the action of the pressure difference. The debris and debris are caught and collected through the reverse circulation, and part of the overflow debris can be absorbed and collected by the magnetic fisher 1.

Concrete work process of the present invention is,

1) The milling fluid enters the upper joint 2 through the central channel of the magnetic fisher 1 (the direction of the liquid flow is shown by the arrow in Figure 2-Figure 5), and then enters each nozzle 6 in the jet bushing 4, and passes through each nozzle 6 The generated high-speed fluid washes and cleans the casing wall, and at the same time generates a throttling pressure difference, and a partial reverse cycle is generated at the nozzle of the power tube 3 and below under the pressure difference;

2) The fluid flows down from the annulus to the bottom, and enters the cleaning tool from the overflow port 23 of the grinding shoe 21 (as shown in Figures 6-7). The accelerated fluid moves upward from the center of the grinding shoe 21 under the suction and rotation of the local fluid reverse circulation, the fluid opens the valve disc 17, and the debris and fragments are moved upward and enter the fragment collection bin;

3) After entering the bin, continue to move upwards. Larger fragments cannot pass through the barrier of the filter plate 15, and are blocked in the large fragment collection bin (as shown in Figure 5), and can pass through the filter plate 15. The smaller fragments and debris are driven by the fluid to continue to move upward, accelerate upward after entering the shunt pipe 13, and finally overflow from the four outlets of the shunt block 12 and enter the small debris collection bin (as shown in Figure 4). Filtered by the filter screen 9 in the process of continuing to move upwards with the fluid;

4) After the pump is stopped, the valve disc 17 is closed under the action of the torsion spring 19, the debris settles down and falls into the small debris collection bin, and the large debris also falls into the large debris collection bin. After the cleaning tool comes out of the well, remove it. Tube strings to remove collected debris.

5) Part of the small iron scraps that are difficult to collect will be adsorbed on the surface by the debris adsorption mechanism as they circulate upward in the annulus of the borehole wall.

The cleaning tool of the present invention adopts a modular design. According to the judgment of the amount of debris generated by grinding and milling, the operating efficiency is maximized by replacing parts, and the collection bins can be increased or reduced to meet the operating requirements. In order to prevent the debris from clogging the screen when the debris is being salvaged, the pump is stopped after the cleaning tool has been working for a period of time. After the string is lifted and lowered several times, the pump is turned on and continues to work, so that the debris in the two collection bins can be cleaned. Rearranging and repeating several times will help improve the performance of the homework.

The cleaning tool of the present invention forms a local reverse circulation through the Venturi effect, adopts a special structure to separate debris and debris step by step, filters them step by step, and finally collects them in two cavities respectively, avoiding the damage of wellhead equipment caused by the upward discharge of debris . The professional modular matching scheme solves a variety of problems encountered in well washing operations. During the working process of the tool, operations such as washing, milling and debris salvage collection are completed at the same time. There is no need for multiple trips during the entire operation process, and the requirements for the composition and flow rate of the drilling fluid are not high, which improves the efficiency and reduces the cost.

Claims (4)

1. a multi-functional well cleaning means, is characterized in that: comprise chip adsorbing mechanism, power flushing machine from top to bottom successively, salvage collecting mechanism, milling mechanism,

Chip adsorbing mechanism comprises the magnetic fishing tool (1) of hollow, and magnetic fishing tool (1) outer wall is evenly provided with densely covered permanent magnets (24), magnetic fishing tool (1) upper end is connected with drilling rod;

Power flushing machine comprises top connection (2), top connection (2) upper end is connected with magnetic fishing tool (1) lower end, top connection (2) lower end and power pipe (3) are threaded connection, be provided with at power pipe (3) inwall and spray lining (4), spray and circumferentially evenly oblique in lining (4) multiple nozzle (6) is installed, on power pipe (3) wall, correspondence has multiple ejiction opening, sprays lining (4) and is located by connecting with power pipe (3); Spray lining (4) lower end and be provided with lining plug (7), lining plug (7) is threaded with injection lining (4);

Salvage collecting mechanism and comprise surge drum (10), upper surge drum (10) upper end is threaded with power pipe (3) lower end, in upper surge drum (10) upper end, inwall is provided with filter screen seat (8), filter screen seat (8) is connected with filter screen (9) downwards, and filter screen (9) bottom is connected with filter screen joint (11); Filter screen joint (11) below is arranged at intervals with branching block (12), branching block (12) is provided with four outer oblique outlets, branching block (12) is threaded with isocon (13) downwards, and upper surge drum (10) lower end and isocon (13) lower end to be set with shunt valve base (14) respectively by screw thread and to be connected; Shunt valve base (14) is connected with lower surge drum (16) threaded upper ends downwards, and shunt valve base (14) and lower surge drum (16) contact surface are provided with filter (15); Lower surge drum (16) lower end is connected with valve cylinder (20) threaded upper ends, and valve cylinder (20) is built with two groups of clack valves;

Valve cylinder (20) lower end is threaded with the junk mill (21) of milling mechanism.

2. multi-functional well cleaning means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described junk mill (21) lower surface and lower end edge periphery are evenly provided with multiple milling group, each milling group comprises densely covered diamond particles (22), and junk mill (21) lower surface also has multiple head piece (23) excessively vertically.

3. multi-functional well cleaning means according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described often group clack valve is made up of four pieces of flaps (17), a valve seat (18) and four torsion springs (19), and flap (17) adopts single opening structure.

4. multi-functional well cleaning means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nozzle (6) is venturi jetting type structure.