CN105131629A - A nano-scale TiO2 photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biodegradable plastic film - Google Patents

Abstract

A nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biodegradable mulch film relates to an agricultural mulch film. The mulch film is composed of aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid, starch/polyvinyl alcohol, modified plant straw, and film-forming The film is made of a mixture of additives and surfactants. The mulch film is three layers. The middle layer of the mulch film is a proportioned nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalyst and hydrolysis agent; the upper layer is sprayed with a coating of an oxidative degradation agent; Chemical fertilizers, micro-fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, etc. are sprayed on the lower layer of the mulch; the mulch of the present invention is a kind of nano-scale _TiO2 photocatalysis, water, oxidation, Biodegradable three-layer mulch film. The source of raw materials is wide, the cost is low, the degradation methods are diverse, the degradation speed is fast, and it can adapt to the growth needs of different crops.

Description

A nano-scale TiO2 photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biodegradable plastic film

technical field

The invention relates to a degradable mulch film, in particular to a nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalytic, water, oxidation and biodegradable mulch film.

Background technique

Plastic film plays an important role in my country's agricultural production process. It not only has the functions of heat preservation, moisture retention and fertilizer preservation, but also has the functions of preventing diseases and insect pests, preventing drought and waterlogging, which can promote the growth and development of crops, effectively increase crop yield, and increase production. benefit. However, due to the difficulty of decomposing the plastic itself, the traditional mulch film has poor air permeability and water permeability, and difficulties in weeding and fertilization, which limit the use of mulch film and affect land productivity. The three-layer mulch film is a combination of itself that can be completely decomposed, and the upper and lower layers are sprayed with different functional coatings to achieve a comprehensive composite mulch film that integrates weeding, fertilization, and decomposition. Chinese patent CN1277228 and patent application CN101828495A form, wherein the patent CN1277228 adopts the method of liquid spraying to be directly applied to the scene, so that some raw materials will be quickly absorbed by the surface soil layer, but because it is liquid, the functional components are easily unevenly distributed, and After the plastic film is discarded, there will still be a small amount of pesticides, fertilizers and other additives on the plastic film, which will cause land pollution to a certain extent, which is not conducive to environmental protection. The patent application CN101828495A adopts the upper layer of mulch as the base resin, and the lower layer is sprayed with micro-fertilizers, herbicides, degradation agents, etc., but only biodegradation is used, the degradation is slow, and the short-term effect is not obvious.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biological multi-degradable mulch. TiO ₂ photocatalytic, water, oxidation, biodegradable three-layer mulch film. The source of raw materials is wide, the cost is low, the degradation methods are diverse, the degradation speed is fast, and it can adapt to the growth needs of different crops.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A nano-scale _TiO2 photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biodegradable mulch film, the mulch film is mixed with aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid, starch/polyvinyl alcohol, modified plant straw, film-forming agent, and surfactant The resulting film has three layers, and the middle layer of the film is a proportioned nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalyst and hydrolysis agent; the upper layer is sprayed with a coating of an oxidative degradation agent; the chemical fertilizers, micro-fertilizers, and pesticides required for plant growth are adjusted in proportion , herbicide, etc., sprayed on the lower layer of the mulch film; the composition and content of the three-layer mulch film are as follows: 5-20 parts of aliphatic polyester; 1-10 parts of polylactic acid; 10-24 parts of starch/polyvinyl alcohol; modified plants 1-30 parts of straw; 0-3.5 parts of film-forming agent; 0.5-1.5 parts of surfactant; 0-4.50 parts of stabilizer; 0-2.50 parts of micro-fertilizer; 0-3 parts of chemical fertilizer; Hydrolyzing agent, oxidative degradation agent, chemical fertilizer decomposing agent, pesticide, herbicide, the above six substances account for 1 part in total.

Described a nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalysis, water, oxidation, biodegradable film, the modified plant straw is nano-scale ultrafine powder, plant powdery fiber, chemically cooked plant fiber slurry, wherein chemical cooking includes alkali method and ammonium method.

Described a kind of nanoscale TiO ₂ Photocatalysis, water, oxidation, biodegradation mulch film, film-forming agent is polylactic acid, aliphatic polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide , starch, modified starch, acrylic resin, white latex or a mixture of several.

Described a kind of nanoscale TiO ₂ Photocatalysis, water, oxidation, biodegradation mulch film, the upper layer and the lower layer of mulch film, all adopt coating, make nutrient substance, fertilizer, each degradation agent etc., can be evenly coated in the middle of mulch film layer; the upper and lower layers of the sprayed mulch are both nano-scale sprayed.

In the nano-scale TiO ₂ photocatalytic, water, oxidation, and biodegradable film, the surfactant is an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant or a mixture thereof.

Advantage and effect of the present invention are:

1. The invention adopts the natural plant stalks available everywhere in the countryside as raw materials, greatly reduces the production cost of the mulch film, and rationally utilizes the stalk resources.

2. The use of plant straw can be decomposed and decomposed into humic acid, which completely solves the pollution of the land and the environment by the mulch film, and at the same time adds the characteristics of integrating pesticides, fertilizers and agricultural film. Moreover, the lower layer of the mulch film is fertilized, and the upper layer of the mulch film is decomposed, which has clear functions, actively promotes plant growth, and has a good decomposition effect.

3. The mulch film not only has general biological and photodegradation functions, but also can obtain a three-layer mulch film suitable for different crops by adjusting the types and contents of film-forming agents, pesticides, herbicides, and micro-fertilizers according to different biological growth needs.

4. The mulching film has a simple production process, can be produced with simple crushing, cooking, stirring and extrusion equipment, and has a long stable period.

5. When the crops or grass emerge, there is no need to put the seedlings manually, and the seedlings can emerge naturally, which saves a lot of manpower and material resources.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples.

Embodiment 1, get 30 parts of plant stalks, 20 parts of starch/polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of aliphatic polyester, 10 parts of polylactic acid, 0.5 part of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate), film-forming agent (naphthene Sodium acid) 0.5 parts, stabilizer (potassium water glass) 4 parts, urea 3 parts, rare earth fertilizer 2 parts, water 20 parts. Dissolve starch/polyvinyl alcohol in hot water at 90-95°C, then add plant straw powder crushed to 300 mesh, surfactant, sodium naphthenate, potassium silicate, urea and rare earth micro-fertilizer, stir and squeeze Come out evenly.

Embodiment 2, get 30 parts of plant stalks, 10 parts of starch/polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of aliphatic polyester, 10 parts of polylactic acid, 1 part of surfactant (lignin amine), 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of sodium water glass 3 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of rare earth fertilizer, 2 parts of sodium hydroxide, and 26 parts of water.

First, steam the plant straw with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution for one hour under pressure to form a slurry; then add starch/polyvinyl alcohol to stir and dissolve, and then add aliphatic polyester and polylactic acid; then add surfactant, potassium nitrate, and sodium water Glass, ammonium sulfate and rare earth micro-fertilizer, just stir well.

Example 3, take 60 parts of concentrated papermaking liquid from a paper mill, 10 parts of starch/polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of aliphatic polyester, 10 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of potassium nitrate, 4 parts of sodium water glass, 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, rare earth 1 portion of micro-fertilizer.

Firstly, add polyvinyl alcohol into the concentrated papermaking black liquor at 90-95°C and stir to dissolve, then add aliphatic polyester and polylactic acid; then add potassium nitrate, sodium water glass, ammonium sulfate and rare earth micro-fertilizer, stir evenly Can.

The product of embodiment 1 is laid film on peanut ground. The film cracked in 31 days and completely degraded in 80 days. The yield per mu increased by 25%, and the maturity period was advanced by 5 days.

The product of embodiment 2 is laid film on peanut ground. The film cracked in 44 days and completely degraded in 105 days. The yield per mu increased by 35%, and the maturity period was advanced by 12 days.

The product of embodiment 3 is filmed on the cornfield. The film cracked in 36 days and completely degraded in 90 days. The yield per mu increased by 30%, and the maturity period was advanced by 8 days.

Claims (5)

1. a nano level TiO ₂photochemical catalysis, water, oxidation, biological multinomial degradative plastic film, it is characterized in that, the film that described mulch film is mixed by aliphatic polyester, poly(lactic acid), PE/Starch alcohol, improved plant stalk, membrane-forming agent, tensio-active agent, mulch film is three layers, and mulch film middle level is the nano level TiO be in harmonious proportion in proportion ₂photocatalyst, hydrolytic reagent; The coating of upper strata spraying oxidative degradation agent; Chemical fertilizer needed for the plant-growth be in harmonious proportion in proportion and micro-fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, weedicide etc., be sprayed on mulch film lower floor; Three layers of ground film component and the following mass fraction of content: aliphatic polyester 5-20 part; Poly(lactic acid) 1-10 part; PE/Starch alcohol 10-24 part; Improved plant stalk 1-30 part; Membrane-forming agent 0-3.5 part; 0.5 1 1.5 parts, tensio-active agent; Stablizer 0-4.50 part; Micro-fertile 0-2.50 part; Chemical fertilizer 0-3 parts; Nano level TiO ₂, hydrolytic reagent, oxidative degradation agent, chemical fertilizer decomposition agent, agricultural chemicals, weedicide, above six kinds of materials account for 1 part altogether.

2. a kind of nano level TiO according to claim 1 ₂photochemical catalysis, water, oxidation, biological multinomial degradative plastic film, is characterized in that, improved plant stalk is the plant fibre slurry liquid of Nanometer-Sized UItrafines Powders, plant flour, chemical steaming, and wherein chemical steaming comprises alkaline process and ammonium method.

3. a kind of nano level TiO according to claim 1 ₂photochemical catalysis, water, oxidation, biological multinomial degradative plastic film, it is characterized in that, membrane-forming agent is the mixture of one or more in poly(lactic acid), aliphatic polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, water glass, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, starch, treated starch, acrylic resin, white glue with vinyl.

4. a kind of nano level TiO according to claim 1 ₂photochemical catalysis, water, oxidation, biological multinomial degradative plastic film, it is characterized in that, mulch film the upper and lower, all adopt coating, make nutritive substance, fertilizer, each degradation agents etc., evenly can be coated in mulch film middle layer; The upper and lower layer of the mulch film wherein sprayed is nano level spraying.

5. a kind of nano level TiO according to claim 1 ₂photochemical catalysis, water, oxidation, biological multinomial degradative plastic film, is characterized in that, tensio-active agent is anionic surface agent alive, cats product, amphoterics or its mixture.