CN105128165A - Device for preparing polymer ultrafine particles with centrifugation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for preparing superfine polymer particles by a centrifugal method, which belongs to the field of polymer processing machinery. The device mainly includes a mixing device, a granulating device, a receiving device, a screening device, a connecting device, a sealing device and a supporting device. One or more polymer materials are heated and melted, then mixed evenly by the mixing screw, and flow from the polymer channel to the high-speed rotating cone. Under the action of centrifugal force, the polymer fluid is dispersed into ultrafine particles. Ultrafine particles are collected by the collection box through the deflector, and then sieved into particles of different diameters by the screening device. The invention has the advantages that the structure of the device is relatively simple, and it is convenient to realize industrialized production and automatic control, and the prepared ultrafine polymer particles have high purity, are not easy to aggregate, and have controllable particle diameters. The polymer ultrafine particles prepared by the device can be used in the fields of medical drug carrier, reaction catalysis and the like.

Description

A device for preparing polymer ultrafine particles by centrifugal method

technical field

The invention relates to a device for preparing superfine polymer particles by a centrifugal method, which belongs to the field of polymer processing machinery.

Background technique

Ultrafine particles refer to solid particles with a particle size below 1um. The preparation technology of ultrafine particles refers to the technology of forming ultrafine particles by physical or chemical methods. With the ultra-fine particles of the substance, its crystal structure, electronic structure and surface properties will change, so that it has the characteristics of interface effect, magnetic activity, light absorption and so on. These excellent properties of ultrafine particles show broad application prospects as a new material.

At present, the preparation methods of ultrafine particles are mainly divided into physical methods and chemical methods. Physical preparation methods mainly include: condensation method, mechanical grinding method, high-energy ball milling method, and blending method. These methods generally require high technology and equipment, which increases production costs; Critical fluid method, electrochemical method, etc. The main disadvantage of these methods is that the process is complicated, the particles are easy to aggregate, and it is difficult to realize industrial production. The centrifugation method used in the present invention belongs to the physical method, and the prepared polymer ultrafine particles have the characteristics of simple method, controllable process, high material purity, and not easy to aggregate, and are easy to realize industrial production.

Contents of the invention

This patent proposes a device for preparing superfine polymer particles by centrifugal method, which is characterized in that the method for preparing superfine particles is simple, the product is pure, and the yield is high, and it is suitable for industrial production.

The invention proposes a device for preparing superfine polymer particles by centrifugal method, which mainly includes a mixing device, a granulating device, a receiving device, a screening device, a connecting device, a sealing device and a supporting device. The mixing device includes an upper servo motor, mixing screw, feeding trough, barrel, heating ring, outlet template, polymer flow channel; the granulation device includes a rotary cone, a high-speed shaft, and a lower servo motor; the collection device includes a collection box; a sieve The sub-units include screens, low-speed shafts, swing rods, V-belts, pulleys and right servo motors; the connecting devices include screws, flat keys, pins, bolts, and flange couplings; the sealing devices include sealing rings and bearing end covers The support device includes upper and lower boxes, ribs, bearings, and brackets; the upper servo motor on the top of the mixing device is installed on the barrel or installed independently with a bracket, the mixing screw is installed inside the barrel, and the outer wall of the barrel is installed. Feed trough and heating ring, the feed trough is welded on the side wall of the barrel, the heating ring is set on the outer wall of the barrel, the outlet template is connected with the barrel by screws at the bottom of the barrel, the outlet template is connected by threads, and connected to the polymer flow The end of the polymer flow channel is inserted into the upper box, and the rotary cone of the granulation device is installed in the upper box. The rotary cone and the high-speed shaft are fixed in the upper box through a flat key connection, and the rotary cone and the high-speed shaft are installed together in the lower box. On the lower servo motor of the body, the receiving device is a collection box, which is located on the right side of the upper box, and the upper box is fixed by welding. The screening device is inside the collection box. The belt pulley and swing rod in the screening device are connected with the low-speed shaft through pins. The right servo motor drives the pulley and the V-belt to make the low-speed shaft rotate at a low speed, and the low-speed shaft drives the swing rod to the collection box. The materials inside are stirred and screened. A lower servo motor is installed in the lower box, and the power output shaft of the lower servo motor and the rotary cone platform realizes power transmission through a flange type coupling.

The material of this patent is one or more thermoplastic polymers.

The heating ring of this patent adopts electric heating or electromagnetic heating or steam heating.

The rotation speed of the rotary cone of the patent granulation device is continuously adjustable through the servo motor connected to it, so as to realize the preparation of ultrafine particles with different particle sizes.

The diameter of the ultrafine particles prepared in this patent is sieved through a sieve to obtain ultrafine particles in different particle size ranges.

The rotating speed of the pendulum of the screening device of this patent is regulated by the rotating speed of the belt wheel, and the rotating speed of the belt wheel is controlled by the rotating speed of the servo motor connected therewith.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of a kind of centrifugation method of the present invention prepares the device of polymer ultrafine particle

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the mixing device

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the screening device

Figure 4 is a connection diagram of the flange coupling

In Figure 1: 1-lower box, 2-lower servo motor, 2-1 lower servo motor output shaft, 3-cam coupling, 4-bolt, 5-bearing end cover, 6-sealing ring, 7- Gasket, 8-high-speed shaft bearing, 9-high-speed shaft, 10-screw, 11-deflector, 12-rotary cone, 13-upper box, 14 flat key, 15-sleeve, 16-rib, 17-exit template, 18-feeding tank, 19-upper servo motor, 20-barrel, 21-mixing screw, 22-heating ring, 23-polymer runner, 24-heating wire, 25-ultrafine particles, 26 -Right servo motor, 26-1 right servo motor output shaft, 27-bracket, 28-low speed shaft bearing, 29-pin, 30-V belt, 31-pulley, 32-swing rod, 33-screen, 34- Outlet trough, 35-low speed shaft, 36-collecting box.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Figure (1) is a structural diagram of a device for preparing ultrafine polymer particles by centrifugal method in the present invention: it includes the barrel (20) at the top, the mixing screw (21) inside the barrel (20) and the outer wall of the barrel welded Feed trough (18), mixing screw (21) and upper servo motor (19) are connected by thread. There is a heating ring (22) on the outer wall of the barrel (20), and an outlet template (17) is connected below, and the polymer flow channel (23) is threaded under the outlet template (17), and the polymer flow channel (23) is evenly wound with electric heating wires (24) is used to control the temperature of the polymer fluid. The upper box (13) is inserted under the polymer flow channel (23). There is a rotating cone (12) inside the upper box (13), and the rotating cone (12) passes through The flat key (14) is connected with the high-speed shaft (9), and the high-speed shaft (9) is connected with the lower servo motor (2) through a flange coupling (3). The collection box (36) located inside the upper box (13) is fixed in the upper box (13) by welding, and there is a screening device inside the collection box (36), the swing rod (32) of the screening device and a The low-speed shaft (35) is connected, and the low-speed shaft (35) is connected with a pulley (31) by a pin (29), and the output shaft of the other pulley and the right servo motor (26) is connected by threads. A lower servo motor (2) is housed in the lower box body (1). The attachments of the device include bolts (4), screws (10), gaskets (7) for connection and fixing, high-speed shaft bearings (8) for support, low-speed shaft bearings (28), and upper box (13) , lower box body (1), rib plate (16), sleeve (15), bracket (27), bearing cover (5) for sealing, sealing ring (6), V-belt for transmission (30), Pulley (31).

One or more polymer mixture materials enter the barrel (20) through the feed tank (18), and the materials in the barrel (20) are heated and melted by the heating ring (22) wrapped on the outer wall of the barrel (20), and then After mixing by the mixing screw (21), the mixing screw (21) is driven by the upper servo motor (19), and is connected with the upper servo motor (19) to realize power transmission. The uniformly mixed molten material flows into the polymer flow channel (23) through the outlet template (17). The outer wall of the polymer flow channel (23) is wound with a heating wire (24) for controlling the temperature of the polymer fluid. The molten polymer fluid flows evenly onto the high-speed rotating rotary cone (12), and the dripping polymer fluid is broken on the high-speed rotating rotary cone (12) and thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and is solidified and formed into Ultrafine particles (25). The high-speed rotating rotary cone (12) is connected to a high-speed shaft (9), which is driven by a lower servo motor (2) located in the lower box (1). The shaped polymer ultrafine particles (25) are collected into the collection box (36) through the deflector (11). There are three layers of sieving mechanism inside the collection box (36). Polymer ultrafine particles (25) pass through the first layer of screen (33), and the fine particles in the collection box (36) are collected under the action of the rotating pendulum (32). The sieve (33) rotates, and the particles with large diameter stay in the first layer of sieve and flow out through the discharge chute (34) and are collected, and the particles with smaller diameters that pass through the first layer fall to the next layer. After the same screening process as above, the particles with the next largest diameter flow out of the discharge chute (34) and are collected, and the particles with smaller diameters fall to the bottom screen (33) and pass through the discharge chute (34) ) out and is collected.

Claims (2)

1. The present invention proposes a kind of centrifugal method to prepare the device of superfine polymer particle, and this device comprises mixing device, granulating device, receiving device, screening device, connecting device, sealing device and supporting device; Mixing device comprises Upper servo motor, mixing screw, feeding trough, barrel, heating ring, outlet template, polymer flow channel; granulation device includes rotary cone, high-speed shaft, lower servo motor; collection device includes collection box; screening device includes sieve Net, low-speed shaft, swing rod and V-belt, pulley and right servo motor; connecting devices include screws, flat keys, pins, bolts, flange couplings; sealing devices include sealing rings, bearing end covers; supporting devices include Upper box, lower box, ribs, bearings, brackets; the upper servo motor on the top of the mixing device is installed on the barrel or installed independently with a bracket, the mixing screw is installed inside the barrel, and the outer wall of the barrel is installed with a feed Groove and heating ring, the feeding groove is welded on the side wall of the barrel, the heating ring is set on the outer wall of the barrel, the outlet template is connected with the barrel at the bottom of the barrel by screws, and the outlet template is connected by threads and connected with a polymer flow channel. The end of the polymer channel is inserted into the upper box; the upper box is equipped with a rotary cone of the granulation device, the rotary cone and the high-speed shaft are fixed in the upper box through a flat key connection, and the rotary cone and the high-speed shaft are installed together in the lower box. On the lower servo motor; the receiving device is a collection box, located on the right side of the upper box, and the upper box is fixed by welding; the screening device is inside the collection box, and the belt pulley and swing rod in the screening device pass through the low-speed shaft Pin connection, the servo motor drives the pulley and the V-belt to make the low-speed shaft rotate at a low speed, and the low-speed shaft drives the pendulum to stir the materials in the collection box and screen the materials; the lower box is equipped with a lower servo motor. The power output shaft of the servo motor and the rotating cone platform realizes the power transmission through the flange type coupling. 2. The device for preparing ultrafine particles by centrifugal method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating ring adopts electromagnetic heating, electric heating or steam heating.