CN105123777A - Botanical insecticide - Google Patents
Botanical insecticide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105123777A CN105123777A CN201510529463.1A CN201510529463A CN105123777A CN 105123777 A CN105123777 A CN 105123777A CN 201510529463 A CN201510529463 A CN 201510529463A CN 105123777 A CN105123777 A CN 105123777A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- crotin
- matrine
- aconitine
- plant insecticide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an insecticide composition and belongs to the technical field of agricultural pharmacology. The insecticide composition disclosed by the invention is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 0.3-3 parts of matrine, 0.5-2 parts of macleaya cordata, 0.1-1 part of aconitine, 1-3.5 parts of brucine, 0.2-1.5 parts of crotin, 1-3.5 parts of nicotine and 0.5-2 parts of emamectin benzoate. Insecticides of different dosage forms are prepared through adding adjuvants such as a wetting agent, a suspension stabilizer, a dispersant and the like into the insecticidal active ingredients. According to the botanical insecticide disclosed by the invention, selected plants are ubiquitous substances in the natural world, and the natural world has formed a very good degradation matrix, so that the botanical insecticide is free of phytotoxicity to crops, is free of residual, does not pollute environment and the crops and is strong in pest damaging effect, high in safety, good in prevention effect and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the composition of a kind of water prevention rice leaf roller, especially a kind of composition with the water prevention rice leaf roller of contact, stomach toxicity and ovicidal action is related to, and preparation, said composition includes emamectin benzoate and Nylar two kinds of active components, belongs to technical field of pesticide.
The present invention relates to a kind of insecticide, particularly a kind ofly from various plants, extract effective ingredient and the plant insecticide prepared.
background technology.
The insecticide of prior art mostly is chemical pesticide, and its drug effect is low, and Residual time is long, has a strong impact on crop growth environment and human and livestock health.Agricultural chemicals is the special chemicals of a class, and it can prevent and treat agricultural damage by disease and insect, also can produce harm to people and animals.Therefore, the use of agricultural chemicals, brings benefit to the mankind on the one hand, the environment of also depending on for existence to the mankind on the other hand brings harm, owing to using chemical pesticide in a large number, air, water source, soil and food receive pollution, poisonous substance be accumulated in cause in the middle of domestic animal and human body poisoning etc.And some chemical pesticide of Long-Time Service also can make insect develop immunity to drugs, there is drug-fast insect existing 417 kinds at present.According to the literature, agricultural chemicals availability is generally 10%, and the residual margin of about 90% in the environment, causes the pollution to environment.A large amount of agricultural chemicals evaporate in air, flow in water body, sedimentation is gathered in soil, pollutes farming animals fishing fruit product, and transfers in human body by the enrichment of food chain, produce harm to human body.The agricultural chemicals of efficient severe toxicity, toxicity is large, and the time residual is in the environment long, when people and animals have eaten the food containing remains of pesticide, accumulation property will be caused poisoning.This kind of harm often just will demonstrate symptom through the accumulation of long period, it is again the enrichment by food chain, finally just enters human body, not easily Timeliness coverage, therefore, general not by people are paid attention to, and this kind of pollution range is wide, and the number of harm is many, in many cases, be that the mankind control oneself in murder by poisoning oneself, thus, this kind of harm is more dangerous.
Agricultural chemicals is once entered environment, and its toxicity, high residue characteristic just can generating effects, cause the pollution of serious air, water body and soil, thus bring harm to human health.When toxic pesticides is applied on crops, fruit and vegetables, remain in the agricultural chemicals in crop surface, due to by force fat-soluble, be easy to the wax coat infiltrating crop epidermis, so that be difficult to wash completely.If make the feed of livestock with these contaminated grains, vegetables, then residual agricultural chemicals will be transferred in meat, newborn class and egg product and cause pollution, finally enters human body with food.Agricultural chemicals also can enter rivers with the irrigation water in farmland, so that agricultural chemicals retains in the strong water plants of drug resistance, accumulate in birds, fish and aquatic bird body through complicated biochemical cycles subsequently, along with trophic level enrichment and the transfer gradually of food chain, finally enter human body, cause chronic poisoning, even cause cancer.Agricultural chemicals mainly enters human body by food chain, accumulates, thus affect normal physiological activity in fat and liver.
Therefore, be necessary to propose a kind of novel vegetable insecticide, to crops without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, to people and animals also safety, and be especially applicable to the insecticide of Citrus insect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a vegetative insecticide composition, and wherein active ingredient is: matrine, macleaya cordata, aconitine, strychnia, crotin, nicoteine, emamectin benzoate.
In above-mentioned plant insecticide, the weight part ratio of each component is: matrine 0.3 ~ 3 part, macleaya cordata 0.5 ~ 2 part, aconitine 0.1 ~ 1 part, strychnia 1 ~ 3.5 part, crotin 0.2 ~ 1.5 part, nicoteine 1 ~ 3.5 part, emamectin benzoate 0.5 ~ 2 part.
Particularly, in above-mentioned plant insecticide, the weight part ratio of each component is: matrine 0.5 ~ 2.5 part, macleaya cordata 0.8 ~ 1.5 part, aconitine 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, strychnia 1.5 ~ 3 parts, crotin 0.4 ~ 1.2 part, nicoteine 1.2 ~ 3.0 parts, emamectin benzoate 0.7 ~ 1.8 part.
Particularly, in above-mentioned plant insecticide, the weight part ratio of each component is: matrine 0.8 ~ 2 part, macleaya cordata 1.0 ~ 1.2 parts, aconitine 0.3 ~ 0.7 part, strychnia 1.8 ~ 2.5 parts, crotin 0.5 ~ 1.0 part, nicoteine 1.5 ~ 2.5 parts, emamectin benzoate 0.8 ~ 1.5 part.
Particularly, in above-mentioned plant insecticide, the weight part ratio of each component is: matrine 1.5 parts, macleaya cordata 1.2 parts, aconitine 0.5 part, strychnia 2 parts, crotin 0.6 part, nicoteine 2 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.2 parts.
Particularly, in above-mentioned plant insecticide, the weight part ratio of each component is: matrine 1.0 parts, macleaya cordata 1.1 parts, aconitine 0.6 part, strychnia 2.3 parts, crotin 0.8 part, nicoteine 2.2 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.3 parts.
Particularly, above-mentioned plant insecticide adds the acceptable auxiliary material of solvent, dispersant and pesticidal preparations to be prepared into different formulations.
Further, the above-mentioned formulations of pesticide are missible oil, suspending agent, wetting powder, granula or aqua.
Particularly, the active component of the plant insecticide of above-mentioned weight portion composition accounts for 0.5% ~ 10% of insecticidal total weight.
It is talcum powder, clay, kaolin, diatomite, Emathlite that above-mentioned pulvis adds auxiliary material.
Above-mentioned wetting powder auxiliary material used is wetting agent, suspension stabilizer, dispersant.
Above-mentioned missible oil is dissolved in proportion by pesticide original medicine in organic solvent (toluene, dimethylbenzene), adds a certain amount of agricultural chemicals emulsifier special, as the emulsifier such as alkyl benzene calcium sulfonate and nonionic is mixed with clear homogeneous liquid.Its general active component content is 40%-50%, and missible oil is easy to use, adds and is diluted to a certain proportion of emulsion.Containing emulsifier in missible oil, be conducive to droplet and adhere on crops, polypide and germ and open up.Dispenser and deposition effect is relatively good, the duration is longer, good drug efficacy.
Suspending agent is also known as colloidal suspending agent, it is the preparation former for solid pesticide medicine is scattered in water, have the Some features of missible oil and wetting powder concurrently, the inflammability not having organic solvent to produce and drug injury problem, suspending agent active ingredient particle is very thin, and general grain is 1-5 micron, and it is more firm to adhere to plant surface, resistance of rainwater washing against, drug effect is higher; Be applicable to various spray pattern.
Particularly, sustained release agent, auxiliary agent is added when preparing above-mentioned various different preparation agricultural chemicals.
Sustained release agent is for adhering to Controlled release formulation, adsorption particle agent, hollow fibre agent, microcapsules isopolarity.
Above-mentioned auxiliary agent is wetting agent, emulsifier, solvent or filler.
Plant insecticide of the present invention, described matrine extracts by kuh-seng, and macleaya cordata active component extracts from macleaya cordata, nicoteine extracts by tobacco, aconitine is by monkshood, radix aconiti agrestis or/and extract in Herba Achilleae, and strychnia extracts by vomiting nut, and crotin extracts by crotons.
Matrine is a kind of botanical pesticide, has the feature of specificity, natural sex, and only to specific biological generation effect, can decompose rapidly in the Nature, end product is carbonic acid gas and water.Secondly matrine is that composition is not single to pest tool activated plant endogenous chemical substance, but the combination of many groups that close many groups of chemical constitution are not close with chemical constitution, complement each other, jointly play a role.Then matrine is because the acting in conjunction of number of chemical material, makes it not easily cause nuisance to develop immunity to drugs, can Long-Time Service.In addition, can not directly kill completely corresponding insect, but Control pests biotic population quantity can not badly influence production and the procreation of this plant population.Matrine is agricultural chemical of natural plant, and insect, once touch this medicine, namely benumbs nerve center, then makes polypide protein coagulating, increases dead polypide pore, makes suffocate pests and extremely, to people, animal low toxicity, is broad spectrum pesticide, has and tag and stomach poison function.Obvious control efficiency is had to insects such as the cabbage caterpillar on various crop, aphid, two spotted spider mite.
Macleaya cordata root is containing sanguinarine (sanguinarine), Chelerythrine (chelerythrine), Biflorine (protopine), α-allocryptopine (α-allocryp-toPine), bocconine (bocconine) is namely chelirubine (chelirubine), Oxysanguinarine (oxysanguinarine), macleaya cordata alcohol alkali (bocconoline), Scoulerine (dehydrocheilanthifoline).Containing Biflorine in the herb of macleaya cordata, Biflorine-N-oxide (protopine-N-oxide), α-allocryptopine, coptisine (coptisine), jamaicin (berberine), corysamine (corysamine).Containing sanguinarine, Chelerythrine, Biflorine, α-allocryptopine and β-allocryptopine in fruit.Macleaya microcarpa Fedde acrial part contains sanguinarine, Chelerythrine, Biflorine, cryptocavine (cryptopine), allocryptopine (allocryptopine) and bocconine.
Aconitine, can make decreased heart rate, and pulse is soft and weak, and blood pressure edges down, and can suppress respiratory center, and breathing is slowed down, and to the sensory nerve ending first excitement of local skin and mucosa, itch, burn feeling, continues to benumb, unconsciousness.
Strychnia, can make central nervous system stimulant.First strengthen spinal reflex excitability, make it exagger.Secondly the respiratory center of excited oblongata and vasomotor center, and improve cerebral cortex sensorium (depending on, listen, smell) susceptibility.
The pharmacological action of crotin is: affecting crotin and can affect elongation factor 1 and 2 and ribosomal interaction 1, on protein synthesis, suppresses the formation of new peptide on aminoacyl site, obstruction sigmatropic reaction, thus the synthesis of Profilin matter.2, to the effect crotin of blood to erythrocytic effect, species variation is larger.Almost do not act on the red blood cell of people, horse, cavy and cat, crotin is a kind of protein, and heat then loses activity.
Nicoteine is the primary raw material of low toxicity strengthening plant insecticide, and nicotine is commercially used as parasitic expellent in insecticide and animal doctor's medicament.Nicotine severe toxicity, lethal dose is 40mg, can prevent and treat the production damage by disease and insect on agricultural, the gardening such as the aphid of the multiple kinds of crops such as wheat, cotton, vegetables, tobacco leaf, fruit, paddy, snout moth, rice fulgorid, the withered worry of late rice, cutworm, two spotted spider mite.
Extract of the present invention is extracted by methods such as alcohol-pickled, surname extraction, and plant the ripening fruits that subclass is preferably gathered then, skin, root, footpath, leaf are the new dry products of gathering then.
Emamectin benzoate (Emamectinbenzoate, chemical name is 4 '-Biao-methylamino-4 '-deoxidation emamectin benzoate benzoate), it is the structure modified outcome of Avermectin B1a, a kind of novel, efficient, low toxicity, environment-friendly type antibiotics insecticidal/acaricidal agent, main based on stomach poison function, it shows insecticidal action mainly through effect insect GABA acceptor.Emamectin benzoate shows very high activity to rice leaf roller low instar larvae, and quick-acting is also better, but the lasting period is shorter.
Emamectin benzoate and Avermectin first insecticidal activity improve 3 orders of magnitude, to the larva of lepidopterous insects and the activity of other many insect high, existing stomach poison function is double action of contace poison again, under low-down dosage (0.084 ~ 2g/ha), there is good effect, and in the process of pest control, beneficial insect is not injured, be conducive to, to the integrated control of insect, expanding insecticidal spectrum in addition, reduce the toxicity to people and animals.
beneficial effect of the present invention: plant insecticide of the present invention, toxicity is large, belongs to desinsection, kills mite dual-purpose agricultural chemicals, has function of tagging, stomach toxicity function, food refusal function, suppression insect grows function.Aconitine has powerful anesthetic effect, suppresses the nervous system of insect, interrupts the neurotransmission of insect; Strychnia stimulates the skin of insect, makes skin and mucosa sensory nerve present excitatory state, produces itch and burning heat sensation, continues to anaesthetize insect, insect is lost consciousness; The intense stimulus performance damage polypide epidermis of croton oil, destroys the chitin of polypide; Crotin can suppress polypide acetylcholine esterase active, causes insect death; Nicotine, by Selective Control insect nerve system nicotinic acetylcholine esterase acceptor, blocks the conduction of insect central nervous system, thus causes insect to occur paralysis and then death; Because plant selected by it is all that natural world is ubiquitous, natural microorganism is already to which form degradation mechanism, to crops without key, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, do not kill natural enemy, to mammal without teratogenesis, carcinogenic, mutagenic harm, strong to insect lethal effect, highly effective and safe, preventive effect is good and with low cost.Be especially suitable for the control of mandarin orange pest.
In view of this, plant insecticide of the present invention, plant selected by it is all that natural world is ubiquitous, natural microorganism is already to which form degradation mechanism, to crops without poisoning, noresidue, free from environmental pollution and agricultural product, strong to insect lethal effect, safety is high, and preventive effect is good and with low cost.Be especially suitable for the control of mandarin orange pest two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner etc.
Embodiment
In order to make technological means of the present invention, creation characteristic, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.
Each uniform ingredients is mixed and made into insecticide, and after dilution, be sprayed on 10 mu of citrus woodss, interval is sprayed once after 7 days again, and test proves, citrus does not find the mandarin orange pests such as two spotted spider mite, scale insect, citrus leaf-miner whole vegetative period; The Testing and appraisal of ripening fruits is not found that any medicament residue is that desaturase activity in soil does not reduce to the testing result of soil.
embodiment 1
A kind of insecticides, is made up of the component of following weight portion, matrine 1.0 parts, macleaya cordata 1.1 parts, aconitine 0.6 part, strychnia 2.3 parts, crotin 0.8 part, nicoteine 2.2 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.3 parts.
Embodiment 2
A kind of insecticides, is made up of the component of following weight portion, matrine 2.0 parts, macleaya cordata 0.8 part, aconitine 0.7 part, strychnia 2.0 parts, crotin 1.2 parts, nicoteine 2.0 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.5 parts.
Embodiment 3
A kind of insecticides, is made up of the component of following weight portion, matrine 0.5, macleaya cordata 1.2 parts, aconitine 0.7 part, strychnia 2.5 parts, crotin 1.0 parts, nicoteine 2.0 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.5 parts.
The plant insecticide in addition auxiliary material of each group composition of above-described embodiment 1 ~ 3, be configured to missible oil, suspending agent and aqua respectively, be sprayed on crop, killing rate is up to more than 92%, and wherein in above-mentioned missible oil, suspending agent or aqua, plant resource active component content is 5% ~ 7%.
What finally illustrate is, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a plant insecticide, is characterized in that: wherein active ingredient is: matrine, macleaya cordata, aconitine, strychnia, crotin, nicoteine, emamectin benzoate.
2. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each ingredients weight parts ratio is: matrine 0.3 ~ 3 part, macleaya cordata 0.5 ~ 2 part, aconitine 0.1 ~ 1 part, strychnia 1 ~ 3.5 part, crotin 0.2 ~ 1.5 part, nicoteine 1 ~ 3.5 part, emamectin benzoate 0.5 ~ 2 part.
3. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each ingredients weight parts ratio is: matrine 0.5 ~ 2.5 part, macleaya cordata 0.8 ~ 1.5 part, aconitine 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, strychnia 1.5 ~ 3 parts, crotin 0.4 ~ 1.2 part, nicoteine 1.2 ~ 3.0 parts, emamectin benzoate 0.7 ~ 1.8 part.
4. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each ingredients weight parts ratio is: matrine 0.8 ~ 2 part, macleaya cordata 1.0 ~ 1.2 parts, aconitine 0.3 ~ 0.7 part, strychnia 1.8 ~ 2.5 parts, crotin 0.5 ~ 1.0 part, nicoteine 1.5 ~ 2.5 parts, emamectin benzoate 0.8 ~ 1.5 part.
5. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each ingredients weight parts ratio is: matrine 1.5 parts, macleaya cordata 1.2 parts, aconitine 0.5 part, strychnia 2 parts, crotin 0.6 part, nicoteine 2 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.2 parts.
6. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described each ingredients weight parts ratio is: matrine 1.0 parts, macleaya cordata 1.1 parts, aconitine 0.6 part, strychnia 2.3 parts, crotin 0.8 part, nicoteine 2.2 parts, emamectin benzoate 1.3 parts.
7. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 1 adds the acceptable auxiliary material of solvent, dispersant and insecticide to be prepared into different formulations.
8. the formulation of a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 7 is missible oil, suspending agent, wetting powder, granula or aqua.
9. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 7, is characterized in that: wherein active component accounts for 0.5% ~ 10% of insecticidal total weight.
10. a kind of plant insecticide according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described auxiliary material is wetting agent, suspension stabilizer or dispersant.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN106857641A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-06-20 | 新昌县云河虫害防治技术开发有限公司 | A kind of insecticide and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113966745A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-25 | 广西臻笛生物科技有限公司 | Botanical preparation for preventing and treating red spiders and application thereof |
| CN115119847A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-30 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Chelerythrine wettable powder and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115119847B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2023-09-19 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Chelidonine wettable powder and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |