CN105123565B - A kind of cultchless oyster Deepwater Open Sea cultural method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method and device that cultchless oyster cultivation is suitably carried out in off-lying sea profundal zone.This method includes：Cultchless oyster seedling is bred as, and cultchless oyster seedling inserts the cultivation of Deepwater Open Sea culture zone, the cultivation period management and harvest of cultchless oyster after loading cultivation apparatus.The cultivation apparatus is a net cage, is the cuboid framework made by reinforcing bar, and the top of the frame is equipped with polyethylene rope, is cultivated for lying on raft frame, and the bottom four corners of frame are equipped with supporting leg, and multi-layer drawers are equipped with the frame.The present invention solves the problems, such as that the quality of oyster seawater fishery is low, the speed of growth is slow, survival rate is low, and cultivation apparatus is resistant to the anxious ocean current and high sea of off-lying sea, and cost of manufacture is relatively low, can Reusability.The present invention provides a kind of high-quality natural breeding environment for oyster growth, and the oyster speed of growth is fast, not contaminated, and quality is high, and the oyster of cultivation can be used for eating it raw, and meets demand for exports, can produce good economic benefit.

Description

A method and device for aquaculture of individual oysters in open sea

technical field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating single oysters, in particular to a method and device for cultivating single oysters in deep water areas of the open sea.

Background technique

Individual oysters are oysters that are free and without anchorage. Oysters have the living habit of flocking. Many oysters are often fixed together. Due to the limitation of growth space, the shell shape is extremely irregular, which greatly affects the appearance. The flocking also causes oysters to compete for food, affecting their growth rate. Clustering also increases the workload for harvest stripping and processing. Individual oysters are not limited by the growth space due to their free nature, so the shell shape is regular and beautiful, and the size is uniform, which can improve the quality and grade of oysters, so the price is expensive, the benefits are significant, and it is easy to stock and harvest.

At present, the oyster farming method in my country is mainly raft-type hanging rope farming. Because the oysters cultured on the rope are easy to fall off as the oysters grow up, they are not suitable for open seas and sea areas with strong waves, but only for calm inner bays, and the breeding range is limited; A small amount of scallops are used to cultivate individual oysters in net cages. However, during the cultivation process, the edges of the oyster shells are extremely sharp and easy to cut the net cages. On the one hand, the growing cages are damaged and cannot be used, which increases the cost of breeding, and is also not suitable for open seas and sea areas with strong wind and waves. However, the available coastal harbors and coastal waters have basically been developed and utilized, and many farms have aged due to years of breeding, excessive density, and silt accumulation, resulting in slow growth of shellfish, small individuals, long breeding cycles, many diseases, and survival. The lowering of the rate has affected the enthusiasm for farming, and the coastal waters have become more and more polluted, and the oysters cultured cannot meet the quality requirements for raw food; the deep water area of the outer sea directly faces the sea, the sea current is fast, the tide rises twice a day, the seawater exchange volume is large, and the water quality is good. The bait organisms are sufficient, suitable for the growth of shellfish such as oysters, and can grow high-quality oysters suitable for raw consumption, which can bring considerable export benefits.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a suitable single oyster growing method, which can meet the needs of scale and industrialization of single oysters and is suitable for breeding in deep water areas in the open sea, so as to improve the quality of oysters and reach the level of raw food for export. The utilization rate of the deep water area can bring higher economic benefits.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device suitable for culturing individual oysters in the deep water area of the open sea. The above-mentioned shortcoming that exists on the individual oyster culture that has.

In order to achieve the above object, the concrete technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of single oyster off-sea deep-water culture method is characterized in that comprising the steps:

(1) Breeding of individual oyster seedlings: First, the oyster larvae artificially cultivated indoors are cultivated to the eye-spot larvae through the routine methods of shellfish larvae such as changing water and feeding every day, and then the oyster eye-spot larvae are induced with adrenaline to make them Without attaching metamorphosis into individual oyster spat, and then adopting the method of indoor upflow circulating water cultivation and outdoor pond cultivation, the individual oyster spat is grown to a single oyster seedling of 1.5cm-2.0cm that meets the specifications for deep-water culture in the open sea;

(2) Put the individual oyster seedlings into the culture device: put the above-mentioned cultivated single oyster seedlings into the culture device, put a polyethylene screen with a pore size of 2-3 cm on the device to prevent harmful organisms and attachments, and then install the device The hanging rope on the top is tied to the raft frame for sea culture, and finally the culture raft frame is placed in the deep water culture area of the open sea for culture;

(3) Culture period management of individual oysters: During the culture period, remove the attachments outside the culture device once every 3-4 months, and after 1.5-2.5 years of cultivation, the shell length of the cultured oysters reaches the specification of 10 cm or more, and then they can be harvested.

Wherein, the breeding device described in step (2) is a net cage, and the net cage is a cuboid frame made of steel bars, and the top of the frame is provided with a polyethylene rope, which is used to be tied to a raft frame for farming, and the frame The bottom four corners are provided with outriggers, and multi-layer drawers are arranged in the frame.

In the step (1), 10 ^-4 mol/L adrenaline was used to induce and treat the oyster eye-spot larvae for 3 hours, so that they would not attach to metamorphosis into single oyster spat.

Inside the frame are 6 layers of drawers made of polypropylene plastic mesh.

The bottom of the drawer is provided with a plurality of partitions.

The frame is a cuboid frame with a length of 100-150 cm, a width of 60-80 cm and a height of 200-220 cm made of steel bars with a diameter of 8-10 mm.

The drawer is a cuboid with a length of 100-150cm, a width of 60-80cm and a height of 30-35cm.

The sling is 80-100 strands of polyethylene rope.

The aperture of the polypropylene plastic mesh is 1.5-2.0cm.

The present invention provides a method and device for cultivating individual oysters in open sea and deep water, which solves the problems of low quality, slow growth and low survival rate of oysters in offshore culture, and the single oyster seedlings can be directly placed in The drawer net cage is hung on the deep water raft frame in the open sea. The device is not easy to damage, can withstand the rapid currents and strong waves in the open sea, and has low production cost. At the same time, the net cage is not easy to be damaged by oysters and can be used repeatedly. The invention provides a high-quality natural breeding environment for the growth of oysters, without putting in bait, and only needs to regularly remove the harmful organisms and attachments outside the breeding device during the breeding management period, so that the oysters grow fast, are free from pollution, and have high quality. The invention expands the cultivation area of individual oysters, and the cultured oysters can be eaten raw, which meets the export demand and can generate good economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of cultivating device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drawer in the cultivation device of the present invention.

Among them, 1-frame; 2-hanging rope, 3-outrigger; 4-drawer; 5-polypropylene plastic net; 6-partition.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Firstly, individual oyster seedlings are bred, and the oyster larvae artificially cultivated indoors are first cultivated to eye-spot larvae, and then 10 ^-4 mol/L adrenaline is used to induce the oyster eye-spot larvae for 3 hours, so that they do not attach and metamorphose into individual oysters The spat are cultivated by indoor upflow circulating water and outdoor pond cultivation, so that the single oyster spat can grow to 1.5cm-2.0cm single oyster seedlings that meet the standards of deep-water culture in the open sea; then the above-mentioned cultivated single oyster Put the oyster seedlings into the culture device, put a polyethylene screen with a hole diameter of 2-3cm on the device to prevent predators and attachments, and then tie the sling on the device to the sea culture raft frame, and finally the culture raft frame Put it into the deep water culture area of the open sea for cultivation; during the cultivation period, remove the attachments outside the cultivation device regularly, and after 1.5-2.5 years of cultivation, the oyster shell length reaches the specification of 10cm or more, and then it can be harvested.

As shown in Fig. 1, 2, described breeding device is a net cage, and this net cage is made the rectangular parallelepiped framework 1 of long 100-150cm, wide 60-80cm, high 200-220cm by the steel bar that diameter is 8-10mm, The top of the frame 1 is provided with 80-100 strands of suspension rope 2, which are used to be tied to the raft frame so as to carry out cultivation. The four corners of the bottom of the frame 1 are provided with supporting legs 3, and 6 layers of drawers 4 are arranged in the frame 1. Drawer 4 is that 1.5-2.0cm polypropylene plastic mesh 5 is made by aperture, and its specification is long 100-150cm, wide 60-80cm, high 30-35cm, and this drawer 4 bottoms are provided with a plurality of dividing plates, divide it into for different intervals.

During use, first place 1500-2200 individual oyster seedlings on average in 6 drawers 4, then the drawers are discharged in the frame 1, and the outside of the frame 1 is covered with a polyethylene screen for preventing predators and other Attaching objects, the sling 2 on the top of the frame 1 is tied to the raft frame for sea culture, and the culture device is placed in the deep-water culture area in the open sea with a boat and a crane, and 100-120 single oyster culture devices are placed in the mu, every 3 oyster culture devices during the culture period. The cultivation device is lifted every month, and the attachments on the outside of the cage are removed with a high-pressure water gun. After 1.5-2.5 years of cultivation, it reaches the commercial specification, and then the cultivation device is lifted by a boat and a crane to harvest mature single oysters.

The invention can directly put single oyster seedlings in the drawer net cage and hang them on the deep water raft frame in the open sea, thereby expanding the area and range of single oyster cultivation, and at the same time, the net cage is not damaged by oysters and can be used repeatedly.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical conception and characteristics of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of 1. cultchless oyster Deepwater Open Sea cultural method, it is characterized in that including the following steps：

   （1）Cultchless oyster seedling is bred as：The oyster larva that indoors artificial is cultivated is cultivated to eyebot larvae first, then uses adrenal gland Element induction processing oyster eyebot larvae, makes its non-cohesive metamorphosis into cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk, then using indoor upper up-flow circulating water cultivating The method cultivated with outdoor ponds is educated, cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk is formed to the long 1.5cm-2.0cm of shell, meets Deepwater Open Sea cultivation rule The cultchless oyster seedling of lattice；

   （2）Cultchless oyster seedling loads cultivation apparatus：The cultchless oyster seedling of cultivation is loaded into cultivation apparatus, in the cultivation apparatus overcoat The polyethylene sieve anti-harmful animal biology and attachment of upper aperture 2-3cm, then the lifting rope on cultivation apparatus is lain in into mariculture raft On frame, the culture raft frame is finally inserted into Deepwater Open Sea mariculture area and is cultivated；The cultivation apparatus is a net cage, the net cage It is the cuboid framework made by reinforcing bar（1）, the frame（1）Top be equipped with lifting rope（2）, supported for lying on raft frame Grow, frame（1）Bottom four corners be equipped with supporting leg (3)；The drawer（4）Bottom is equipped with multiple partition plates（6）；The frame（1） It is the long 100-150cm, width 60-80cm, the cuboid framework of high 200-220cm made by the reinforcing bar of diameter 8-10mm；It is described Frame（1）Inside it is equipped with 6 layers of drawer (4) made of polypropylene plastics net (5)；The drawer（4）For long 100-150cm, width The cuboid of 60-80cm, high 30-35cm；

   （3）The cultivation period management of cultchless oyster：During cultivation per the attachment removed the 3-4 months outside cultivation apparatus once, warp The cultivation of 1.5-2.5, oyster shell length reach more than 10cm, you can harvest.
2. 2. cultchless oyster Deepwater Open Sea cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step（1）In use 10^-4 When the adrenaline induction processing oyster eyebot larvae 3 of mol/L is small, make its non-cohesive abnormal into cultchless oyster juvenile mollusk.
3. 3. cultchless oyster Deepwater Open Sea cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the lifting rope (2) is 80- 100 strands of polyethylene ropes.
4. 4. cultchless oyster Deepwater Open Sea cultural method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the polypropylene plastics net （5）Aperture be 1.5-2.0cm.