CN105123224A - Oil peony high-yield cultivation method - Google Patents
Oil peony high-yield cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123224A CN105123224A CN201510553345.4A CN201510553345A CN105123224A CN 105123224 A CN105123224 A CN 105123224A CN 201510553345 A CN201510553345 A CN 201510553345A CN 105123224 A CN105123224 A CN 105123224A
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000736199 Paeonia Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 240000005001 Paeonia suffruticosa Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000003889 Paeonia suffruticosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 244000247747 Coptis groenlandica Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002991 Coptis groenlandica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000008991 Curcuma longa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000286838 Eclipta prostrata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000111489 Gardenia augusta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018958 Gardenia augusta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000112528 Ligusticum striatum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003181 Panax pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001278833 Rosa laevigata Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 240000007164 Salvia officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000001949 Taraxacum officinale Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 240000006688 Telosma cordata Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017352 Telosma cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000000260 Typha latifolia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N phoxim Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(\C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950001664 phoxim Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005412 red sage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KBRKFTKQRMYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methoxy-5-nitrophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[O-] KBRKFTKQRMYINW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013976 turmeric Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-Linolenic acid Chemical compound CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/48—Zingiberaceae [Ginger family], e.g. ginger or galangal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/32—Ranunculaceae [Buttercup family], e.g. hepatica, hydrastis or goldenseal
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil peony high-yield cultivation method and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The method includes the steps of land selection and soil preparation, sowing and seedling cultivation, transplanting, field management and disease and pest prevention. The method is easy to operate and suitable for large-scale application and popularization. By the adoption of reasonable fertilizer nutrition matching, nutrition requirements of oil peony growth in all stages are met, so that cultivated oil peonies are high in yield, high in seed setting rate and high in oil content. Natural traditional Chinese medicine components are adopted to serve as sterilization agents to process seeds, invasion of diseases and pests is prevented, the seedling emergence rate is increased in the seedling cultivation process, and disease resistance in the seedling cultivation process is improved. Besides, traditional Chinese medicine components are selected and used to serve as disease-resistant agents in the cultivation process, use of chemical pesticide components is reduced, environmental pollution is reduced, and the plant safety coefficient is obviously increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil high-yield cultivating method of tree peony, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Oil is a kind of perennial undershrub originating in China with tree peony, and oil productivity is high, oil is excellent, can, as woody oleiferous plants crop, process except peony seed oil except adopting lower peony seeds, and its petal, pistil and Ye Jun can tea making, and the root bark of tree peony can be used as medicine; Peony seed oil unsaturated fatty acid content is up to 92.26%, and wherein a-linolenic acid accounts for more than 42%, and many index exceedes the olive oil being called as " liquid golden ", is edible oil best in the world.Oil is drought-resistant, barren-resistant, resistance to high and cold with tree peony, have check winds and fix drifting sand, conserve water and soil, water conservation, the effect such as solid carbon oxygenation, be good green tree species.Current oil is fairly simple with the implantation methods of tree peony, number of chemical agricultural chemicals is used for preventing damage by disease and insect, easily to environment, in plant corpus, remains of pesticide also easily exceeds standard, there is potential safety hazard, and the oil of commonsense method plantation is low by tree peony quality, yields poorly, Setting percentage is not high, and oil content is not high.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the invention provides the high-yield cultivating method of a kind of oil with tree peony.The oil of the method cultivation is high by tree peony output, and Setting percentage is high, and oil content is high, and environmentally safe, without any residue of pesticide, safety coefficient is high.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Tree peony high-yield cultivating method used by a kind of oil, and it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole: the subacidity soil selecting fertile soil, soil deep tillage 40-50cm, uses the barnyard manure 1000-2000kg, micro organism composite fertilizer 10-15kg, potassium sulfate 2-3kg, urea 8-12kg, the quicklime 1-2kg that become thoroughly decomposed for every mu;
(2) seeding and seedling raising:
A. seed treatment: sterilization processing is carried out to seed with bactericide, described bactericide is Herba Andrographitis 50g, dandelion 80g, kitchen garden 20g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 50g, coptis 30g, Eclipta prostrata 20g, pseudo-ginseng 15g, red sage root 10g, safflower 15g, Ligusticum wallichii 15g, cattail pollen 10g, root tuber of aromatic turmeric 10g, fruit of Cherokee rose 20g add 1000-1500ml soak by water 30-45min after mixing and namely obtain stoste, every 100g stoste adds quicklime 30g, after diluting with water 800ml, seed is put into and wherein soak 2-3 hour, take out under being placed in natural daylight and dry;
B. the preparation of seedling medium: seedling medium adopts attapulgite: organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed: bean dregs: expanded perlite is made according to the ratio of 1:8:3:2; Described organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed be sugared slag, dish cake, chicken manure, pericarp according to after the ratio mixing of 2:1:1:2, add and to account for after the EM compound bacteria of gross weight 0.08% fermentation of bar heap after 7 days, to dry to water content be 35% pulverizing and get final product;
C. seeding and seedling raising: leveling seedling medium, seed after process is evenly sprinkling upon above seedling medium, use dry seeds 0.2kg for every square metre, then cover seed with the mixture of seedling medium and soil, cladding thickness is 1.5cm, waters vola water, covered plastic film, suitable temperature control, to topdress, keep ventilating sufficient, can transplantation of seedlings be gone out when height of seedling reaches 25-30cm;
(3) transplant:
A. the preparation of Nutrition Soil: Nutrition Soil expanded perlite, turfy soil, mushroom slag, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are configured according to the ratio of 1:2:2:5, and stack retting is stand-by after 10 days;
B. transplant planting: transplant to early October in annual early September, whole good soil carries out fixed point dig pit by the spacing in the rows of planting density, line-spacing, and the size in hole is 40cm
2; Show soil when digging pit and be placed on side, the bottom immature soil is placed on opposite side; Nursery stock is put into the field planting hole got ready, its root system is unfolded, first table earthen backfill is used when burying soil, the Nutrition Soil of preparation is added again when the degree of depth is 4-6cm, Nutrition Soil thickness is 1-2cm, finally backfill with subsoil until planting pit is filled up and the low bank of earth between fields of Feng Chenggao 10-20cm, steady and sure soil, water foot and irrigate moisture;
(4) field management:
The low bank of earth between fields sealed after planting, combine to hoe the fields spring and take off flat gradually, so that field management, in tree peony vegetative period, need duty to hoe the fields, will deeply uproot before blooming, the degree of depth can reach 3 ~ 5cm; Post flowering wants shallow hoe, and the degree of depth can reach 1 ~ 3cm; Suitably topdress weeding, water, pruning; After planting, Second Year starts to topdress every year 2 times, before and after the Spring Equinox, uses 50 ~ 55kg composite fertilizer for every mu; Before entering the winter, use 150 ~ 200kg cake fertilizer and 10 ~ 20kg microbial-bacterial fertilizer, guarantee the vigorous growth of nursery stock for every mu;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest:
Early and middle ten days, sprayed 3 ° of Be lime sulfurs, will cover whole ground during sprinkling February, and at the beginning of 3 months, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields phoxim granule 10 ~ 20kg; Mid or late April starts to spray diseases prevention agent, later every 15 ~ 20 days, sprays once until mid or late September; After tree peony exhibition leaf, foliage spray can be carried out in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest, every 15 ~ 20 days, spray a foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is converted 400 times of water and is sprayed, spray 3 ~ 5 times continuously, foliage fertilizer is become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 3-5, borax 0.2-0.5, ammonium molybdate 0.3-0.5,5-nitroguaiacol sodium salt 0.001-0.002, gibberellin 0.001-0.002, zinc sulphate 0.02-0.05.
In described step (1), micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: aspergillus niger culture 40-50 part, furfural dregs 60-80 part, bacillus subtilis microbial agent 20-25 part, humus 0.02-0.05 part, asparatate 10-15 part.
In described step (2) c, seedling medium is prepared by following method with soil mixture: seedling medium and soil mixed thoroughly by weight the ratio of 3:1 and mix and get final product.
In described step (3) b, planting density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, and seeding row spacing is 20 × 60cm.
The middle microbial-bacterial fertilizer of described step (4) is Bacillus licheniformis powder, bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, EM microbial inoculum, turfy soil mix according to the ratio of 1:2-3:1:5, obtains microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
In described step (5), the preparation method of diseases prevention agent is as follows: coptis 8-10 part, cymose buckwheat rhizome 6-8 part, radix paeoniae rubrathe 6-8 part, Chinese violet 7-9 part, perilla leaf 3-5 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, cape jasmine 10-12 part are mixed by after each weight portion coarse crushing, respectively extract once with alcohol, water, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 1000 times of water sprays during use.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) cultivation method of the present invention is simple to operate, is applicable to large-scale promotion and uses.By adopting rational Fertilizer nutrient to arrange in pairs or groups, meet the nutritional need of oil with each period of tree peony growth, make the oil of cultivation high by tree peony output, Setting percentage is high, and oil content is high.
(2) the present invention adopts natural traditional Chinese medicine composition as fungicide feed treatment, prevents the invasion and attack of damage by disease and insect, improves the emergence rate in seedling raising process and resistance against diseases.In addition, in cultivation, the present invention also selects traditional Chinese medicine ingredients as diseases prevention agent, and decrease the use of chemical pesticide composition, alleviate the pollution to environment, plant safety coefficient significantly improves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Tree peony high-yield cultivating method used by a kind of oil, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole: the subacidity soil selecting fertile soil, soil deep tillage 40-50cm, uses the barnyard manure 1000-2000kg, micro organism composite fertilizer 10-15kg, potassium sulfate 2-3kg, urea 8-12kg, the quicklime 1-2kg that become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Wherein micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: aspergillus niger culture 40-50 part, furfural dregs 60-80 part, bacillus subtilis microbial agent 20-25 part, humus 0.02-0.05 part, asparatate 10-15 part.
(2) seeding and seedling raising:
A. seed treatment: sterilization processing is carried out to seed with bactericide, described bactericide is Herba Andrographitis 50g, dandelion 80g, kitchen garden 20g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 50g, coptis 30g, Eclipta prostrata 20g, pseudo-ginseng 15g, red sage root 10g, safflower 15g, Ligusticum wallichii 15g, cattail pollen 10g, root tuber of aromatic turmeric 10g, fruit of Cherokee rose 20g add 1000-1500ml soak by water 30-45min after mixing and namely obtain stoste, every 100g stoste adds quicklime 30g, after diluting with water 800ml, seed is put into and wherein soak 2-3 hour, take out under being placed in natural daylight and dry;
B. the preparation of seedling medium: seedling medium adopts attapulgite: organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed: bean dregs: expanded perlite is made according to the ratio of 1:8:3:2; Described organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed be sugared slag, dish cake, chicken manure, pericarp according to after the ratio mixing of 2:1:1:2, add and to account for after the EM compound bacteria of gross weight 0.08% fermentation of bar heap after 7 days, to dry to water content be 35% pulverizing and get final product;
C. seeding and seedling raising: leveling seedling medium, seed after process is evenly sprinkling upon above seedling medium, use dry seeds 0.2kg for every square metre, then cover seed with the mixture of seedling medium and soil, cladding thickness is 1.5cm, waters vola water, covered plastic film, suitable temperature control, to topdress, keep ventilating sufficient, can transplantation of seedlings be gone out when height of seedling reaches 25-30cm; Described seedling medium is prepared by following method with soil mixture: seedling medium and soil mixed thoroughly by weight the ratio of 3:1 and mix and get final product.
(3) transplant:
A. the preparation of Nutrition Soil: Nutrition Soil expanded perlite, turfy soil, mushroom slag, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are configured according to the ratio of 1:2:2:5, and stack retting is stand-by after 10 days;
B. transplant planting: transplant to early October in annual early September, whole good soil carries out fixed point dig pit by the spacing in the rows of planting density, line-spacing, and the size in hole is 40cm
2; Show soil when digging pit and be placed on side, the bottom immature soil is placed on opposite side; Nursery stock is put into the field planting hole got ready, its root system is unfolded, first table earthen backfill is used when burying soil, the Nutrition Soil of preparation is added again when the degree of depth is 4-6cm, Nutrition Soil thickness is 1-2cm, finally backfill with subsoil until planting pit is filled up and the low bank of earth between fields of Feng Chenggao 10-20cm, steady and sure soil, water foot and irrigate moisture; Described planting density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, and seeding row spacing is 20 × 60cm.
(4) field management:
The low bank of earth between fields sealed after planting, combine to hoe the fields spring and take off flat gradually, so that field management, in tree peony vegetative period, need duty to hoe the fields, will deeply uproot before blooming, the degree of depth can reach 3 ~ 5cm; Post flowering wants shallow hoe, and the degree of depth can reach 1 ~ 3cm; Suitably topdress weeding, water, pruning; After planting, Second Year starts to topdress every year 2 times, before and after the Spring Equinox, uses 50 ~ 55kg composite fertilizer for every mu; Before entering the winter, use 150 ~ 200kg cake fertilizer and 10 ~ 20kg microbial-bacterial fertilizer, guarantee the vigorous growth of nursery stock for every mu; Described microbial-bacterial fertilizer is Bacillus licheniformis powder, bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, EM microbial inoculum, turfy soil are mixed to get microbial-bacterial fertilizer according to the ratio of 1:2-3:1:5.
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest:
Early and middle ten days, sprayed 3 ° of Be lime sulfurs, will cover whole ground during sprinkling February, and at the beginning of 3 months, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields phoxim granule 10 ~ 20kg; Mid or late April starts to spray diseases prevention agent, later every 15 ~ 20 days, sprays once until mid or late September; After tree peony exhibition leaf, foliage spray can be carried out in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest, every 15 ~ 20 days, spray a foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is converted 400 times of water and is sprayed, spray 3 ~ 5 times continuously, foliage fertilizer is become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 3-5, borax 0.2-0.5, ammonium molybdate 0.3-0.5,5-nitroguaiacol sodium salt 0.001-0.002, gibberellin 0.001-0.002, zinc sulphate 0.02-0.05.Wherein the preparation method of diseases prevention agent is as follows: coptis 8-10 part, cymose buckwheat rhizome 6-8 part, radix paeoniae rubrathe 6-8 part, Chinese violet 7-9 part, perilla leaf 3-5 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, cape jasmine 10-12 part are mixed by after each weight portion coarse crushing, respectively extract once with alcohol, water, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 1000 times of water sprays during use.
Adopt cultivation method of the present invention oil to do one with the oil Peony growing that tree peony and conventional method are cultivated after 4 years to compare, its concrete outcome is as shown in the table:
Tree peony comparing result used by the different cultivation method oil of table 1
| Output (kg/ mu) | Damage by disease and insect incidence (%) | Setting percentage (%) | Oil yield (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 450 | 1.6 | 98 | 25 |
| Conventional cultivation | 300 | 3.5 | 82 | 18 |
Can be found out by table 1, the oil of cultivation method of the present invention is high by tree peony output, and damage by disease and insect incidence is low, and Setting percentage and oil yield are all high than conventional method, and thus, cultivation method of the present invention is applicable to oil and promotes the use of with the large-scale cultivation of tree peony.
Claims (6)
1. a tree peony high-yield cultivating method used by oil, and it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land, whole: the subacidity soil selecting fertile soil, soil deep tillage 40-50cm, uses the barnyard manure 1000-2000kg, micro organism composite fertilizer 10-15kg, potassium sulfate 2-3kg, urea 8-12kg, the quicklime 1-2kg that become thoroughly decomposed for every mu;
(2) seeding and seedling raising:
A. seed treatment: sterilization processing is carried out to seed with bactericide, described bactericide is Herba Andrographitis 50g, dandelion 80g, kitchen garden 20g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 50g, coptis 30g, Eclipta prostrata 20g, pseudo-ginseng 15g, red sage root 10g, safflower 15g, Ligusticum wallichii 15g, cattail pollen 10g, root tuber of aromatic turmeric 10g, fruit of Cherokee rose 20g add 1000-1500ml soak by water 30-45min after mixing and namely obtain stoste, every 100g stoste adds quicklime 30g, after diluting with water 800ml, seed is put into and wherein soak 2-3 hour, take out under being placed in natural daylight and dry;
B. the preparation of seedling medium: seedling medium adopts attapulgite: organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed: bean dregs: expanded perlite is made according to the ratio of 1:8:3:2; Described organic matrix of becoming thoroughly decomposed be sugared slag, dish cake, chicken manure, pericarp according to after the ratio mixing of 2:1:1:2, add and to account for after the EM compound bacteria of gross weight 0.08% fermentation of bar heap after 7 days, to dry to water content be 35% pulverizing and get final product;
C. seeding and seedling raising: leveling seedling medium, seed after process is evenly sprinkling upon above seedling medium, use dry seeds 0.2kg for every square metre, then cover seed with the mixture of seedling medium and soil, cladding thickness is 1.5cm, waters vola water, covered plastic film, suitable temperature control, to topdress, keep ventilating sufficient, can transplantation of seedlings be gone out when height of seedling reaches 25-30cm;
(3) transplant:
A. the preparation of Nutrition Soil: Nutrition Soil expanded perlite, turfy soil, mushroom slag, the fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed are configured according to the ratio of 1:2:2:5, and stack retting is stand-by after 10 days;
B. transplant planting: transplant to early October in annual early September, whole good soil carries out fixed point dig pit by the spacing in the rows of planting density, line-spacing, and the size in hole is 40cm
2; Show soil when digging pit and be placed on side, the bottom immature soil is placed on opposite side; Nursery stock is put into the field planting hole got ready, its root system is unfolded, first table earthen backfill is used when burying soil, the Nutrition Soil of preparation is added again when the degree of depth is 4-6cm, Nutrition Soil thickness is 1-2cm, finally backfill with subsoil until planting pit is filled up and the low bank of earth between fields of Feng Chenggao 10-20cm, steady and sure soil, water foot and irrigate moisture;
(4) field management:
The low bank of earth between fields sealed after planting, combine to hoe the fields spring and take off flat gradually, so that field management, in tree peony vegetative period, need duty to hoe the fields, will deeply uproot before blooming, the degree of depth can reach 3 ~ 5cm; Post flowering wants shallow hoe, and the degree of depth can reach 1 ~ 3cm; Suitably topdress weeding, water, pruning; After planting, Second Year starts to topdress every year 2 times, before and after the Spring Equinox, uses 50 ~ 55kg composite fertilizer for every mu; Before entering the winter, use 150 ~ 200kg cake fertilizer and 10 ~ 20kg microbial-bacterial fertilizer, guarantee the vigorous growth of nursery stock for every mu;
(5) extermination of disease and insect pest:
Early and middle ten days, sprayed 3 ° of Be lime sulfurs, will cover whole ground during sprinkling February, and at the beginning of 3 months, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields phoxim granule 10 ~ 20kg; Mid or late April starts to spray diseases prevention agent, later every 15 ~ 20 days, sprays once until mid or late September; After tree peony exhibition leaf, foliage spray can be carried out in conjunction with the extermination of disease and insect pest, every 15 ~ 20 days, spray a foliage fertilizer, foliage fertilizer is converted 400 times of water and is sprayed, spray 3 ~ 5 times continuously, foliage fertilizer is become by the mixed raw material of following weight portion: ferrous sulfate 3-5, borax 0.2-0.5, ammonium molybdate 0.3-0.5,5-nitroguaiacol sodium salt 0.001-0.002, gibberellin 0.001-0.002, zinc sulphate 0.02-0.05.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), micro organism composite fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: aspergillus niger culture 40-50 part, furfural dregs 60-80 part, bacillus subtilis microbial agent 20-25 part, humus 0.02-0.05 part, asparatate 10-15 part.
3. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2) c, seedling medium is prepared by following method with soil mixture: seedling medium and soil mixed thoroughly by weight the ratio of 3:1 and mix and get final product.
4. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3) b, planting density is every mu of 6000-7000 strain of planting, and seeding row spacing is 20 × 60cm.
5. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the middle microbial-bacterial fertilizer of described step (4) is Bacillus licheniformis powder, bacillus subtilis bacterium powder, EM microbial inoculum, turfy soil mix according to the ratio of 1:2-3:1:5, obtains microbial-bacterial fertilizer.
6. cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (5), the preparation method of diseases prevention agent is as follows: coptis 8-10 part, cymose buckwheat rhizome 6-8 part, radix paeoniae rubrathe 6-8 part, Chinese violet 7-9 part, perilla leaf 3-5 part, cordate houttuynia 3-5 part, cape jasmine 10-12 part are mixed by after each weight portion coarse crushing, respectively extract once with alcohol, water, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 1000 times of water sprays during use.
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Application publication date: 20151209 |