CN105117564B - A kind of the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model and its design method of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement - Google Patents
A kind of the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model and its design method of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种前置定子周向非对称布置的泵喷推进器水力模型及其设计方法，包括定子叶片和定子轮毂、叶轮叶片和叶轮轮毂、导管，定子叶片周向非对称布置于定子轮毂上，定子叶片叶梢固定于导管内壁面，定子轮毂、叶轮轮毂和导管轴线重合，叶轮叶片具有大侧斜和尾纵倾特征，定子叶片螺距角在基准泵喷定子叶片螺距角基础上按正弦规律改变，螺距角变化量与定子叶片所在周向角度位置、叶轮旋向和幅值系数相关。本发明可以减小泵喷脉动推力系数幅值，降低泵喷辐射噪声，在相同设计条件下前置定子周向非对称布置的泵喷脉动推力系数比基准泵喷减小3.4％，该技术措施也适用于无轴驱动式集成电机泵喷水力模型的噪声优化设计。
The invention discloses a hydraulic model of a pump-jet propeller with a front stator circumferentially asymmetrically arranged and a design method thereof, including stator blades and stator hub, impeller blades and impeller hub, and conduit. The blade tip is fixed on the inner wall of the duct, the axis of the stator hub, the impeller hub and the duct coincide, the impeller blade has the characteristics of large side slope and tail trim, and the pitch angle of the stator blade changes according to the sine law on the basis of the pitch angle of the reference pump jet stator blade. The variation of the pitch angle is related to the circumferential angular position of the stator blade, the rotation direction of the impeller and the amplitude coefficient. The invention can reduce the amplitude of the pump-jet pulsating thrust coefficient and reduce the pump-jet radiation noise. Under the same design conditions, the pump-jet pulsating thrust coefficient of the pre-stator circumferentially asymmetrically arranged is 3.4% lower than the reference pump-jet, and this technical measure is also applicable Noise-optimized design of a shaftless-driven integrated motor-pump water jet model.
Description
Technical field
It, can more particularly to low noise and high critical speed of a ship or plane feature the present invention relates to marine propeller technical field
For promoting the pump-jet propulsor of underwater hiding-machine.
Background technique
Pump-jet propulsor (Pumpjet, referred to as pump spray) with notable feature low with radiated noise, that the critical speed of a ship or plane is high and by
It is widely used in low noise submarine propulsion, such as " extra large wolf grade " submarine and " Virginia grade " submarine have been all made of stator before rotor formula pump
Spray.Pump spray Push Technology has all been applied to nuclear submarine propulsion, state by the U.S., Britain, France and Russia on our times
It is interior to be to lack outstanding pump spray hydraulic model there is not yet pumping the main reason for spray promotes submarine to be on active service.Outstanding concrete meaning
Be: radiated noise is low, propulsive efficiency is moderate, a kind of critical speed of a ship or plane high (i.e. anti-cavitation ability is strong) (integrated motor of shaftless drive-type
The design method of pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model, publication number: 104462652A, publication date: 2015-03-25).In order to realize this
One autonomous Design target elaborates to be suitable for simultaneously shaftless drive-type in foregoing invention patent and integrates electric-motor pump spray and conventional have axis
Mechanical pump sprays the design method of hydraulic model, can be designed that while meeting the pump spray Numerical-Mode of propulsion and noise perfomiance requirements
Type, and illustrate the shaftless pump spray hydraulic model of 13 leaf blade of a type stator before rotor and 9 leaf postposition impeller blades.The design side
In case, either stator vane or impeller blade, all use it is circumferential be arranged symmetrically design, with all the time traditional ship
Propeller arrangement is identical, such as propeller, the either 5 leaf highly skewed propeller of modern times or conventional submarine of surface vessel use
The 7 leaf highly skewed propellers used, the geometry and the angle of pitch of every blade are all identical.It designs and places a piece of blade
Afterwards, it is only necessary to which the design and placement of remaining blade can be completed in symmetric replication in the circumferential.The advantage of this design arrangement is:
1. designing by a relatively simple.The reason is that: marine propeller is usually designed under uniform incoming flow first when designing meets efficiency
The hydraulic model required with cavitation performance, then considers further that influence of the true non-uniform wake of stern to propeller performance, and by
This suitably modified perfect former design scheme blade profile.It is circumferentially arranged symmetrically blade profile and is just adapted to uniform incoming flow condition, and analyze
It is more much smaller than the calculation amount for analyzing all blades using the single blade stress condition after circumferential symmetrical boundary condition, design week
Phase is shorter.2. fabricating by a relatively simple.The reason is that: it is limited while machining accuracy, blade strength and complex blade
Under, the processing and manufacturing difficulty of marine propeller is larger always, especially modern marine propellers, such as highly skewed propellers and hydraulic jet propulsion
Device.When using 5 axis or 7 axis linkage numerical control machine tooling, the blade design being circumferentially arranged symmetrically instructs more circumferential asymmetric arrangement
Want much simpler.3. blade profile mapping is more simple.The reason is that: in only propeller material object without its three-dimensional numerical value geometrical model
When, propeller is such as introduced, needs to survey and draw its blade profile data；Either after propeller injury repair, effect is repaired in assessment
It is also required to survey and draw blade profile data when fruit.The data for the single blade blade profile being circumferentially arranged symmetrically are surveyed and drawn than surveying and drawing all blades
Want much simpler, the requirement to surveying instrument is lower.
However, propeller real work is non-in naval vessels tail portion although the circumferential blade profile that is arranged symmetrically is with above-mentioned advantage
This substantive characteristics is unchanged in uniform Wake Field.Just because of the period between the influent stream and rotating vane of circumferential non-uniform Distribution
Property interaction, just make propeller there are significant line spectrum noise, and noise frequency is located at leaf (revolving speed and the number of blade multiply frequently
Product) and its again leaf frequency at (J S Carlton.Marine propellers and propulsion (and propeller for vessels with push away
Into), Second edition, Elsevier Ltd.2007).This physical phenomenon essence makes propeller noise-reducing design main
From reduction revolving speed, increases the number of blade and reduce blade cyclic pulsating force amplitude.Submarine propeller is drilled from 7 leaf highly skewed propellers
Become development as pump spray, is also based on this consideration.This index of overriding concern radiated noise in modern low noise warship design
Traction under, for submarine, Low Noise Design effect become measure impeller design whether successful first
Element.Under the design requirement, the main advantage for being circumferentially arranged symmetrically blade profile is increasingly desalinated.To in pump-jet propulsor
On the basis of further obtain significant noise-reducing design and break through, can only be from change other than the Curve guide impeller method from source
It pumps and considers in the structure feature of spray, high performance sound-absorbing material is such as added in pump spray conduit, spray stator and impeller blade will be pumped
Some or all of using high-performance composite materials etc..In view of a kind of patent of invention " integrated electric-motor pump spray propulsion of shaftless drive-type
The parametrization ternary Reverse Design used when pump spray blade design in the design method of device hydraulic model " is theoretically
It is the top in current rotating machinery blade design method, has been able to directly control blade three by the blade load regularity of distribution
Geometry is tieed up, there can not be big breakthrough again in a short time.Therefore, can only be emphatically consider change pump spray structure feature come into
The design of row Acoustic Optimization.
In order to further decrease the radiated noise of pump spray, has at present using the excellent rapidoprint of acoustical behavior and pumped
Acoustical behavior optimization design is sprayed, however, composite material pump-jet propulsor designing technique is at present in international and national still in exploration
Stage, so risk is larger.In order to reduce risk, the application proposes the stator before rotor blade design using circumferential asymmetric arrangement
Method carries out Acoustic Optimization design, more simple on design is realized, is also easier in original metal pump spray hydraulic model
On the basis of improve complete.The technical risk ratio that noise reduction is carried out by changing the arrangement of blade is obtained using new material is small
It is more, it is also more feasible in Project Realization.
The circumferential asymmetric arrangement of pump spray stator before rotor blade, there is three layers of meaning: first is that the leaf of different circumferential direction angle positions
Type puberty itself changes, second is that the vane foil of different circumferential direction angle positions is identical but the angle of pitch is different, third is that different circumferential
The vane foil of angle position is identical, the angle of pitch is identical but the corner dimension between adjacent blades is different.What the application realized
The signified blade pitch angle for different circumferential angle positions is different in cases of design.
Circumferential asymmetric arrangement blade is pressed from both sides between the random angle of pitch and adjacent blades for changing former symmetrical blade
Angle, but make the spatial distribution characteristic for being circumferentially adapted to ship tail circumferential direction non-uniform Distribution wake of blade, be the equal of for
Each individual vanes design with carrying out " cutting the garment according to the figure " formula, spray total pulsating force amplitude with this to reduce pump, and then inhibit line spectrum
Noise size.While carrying out acoustical behavior optimization design, circumferential asymmetric arrangement blade can also additional elevation pump spray
Maneuvering performance.The reason is that: hull boundary layer flow is the main source of the circumferential non-homogeneous influent stream of pump spray, and pump spray performance is to hull boundary
Layer wake flow is very sensitive.Boundary layer flow significantly changes when hull manipulates, and pump spray propulsive performance may be made to decline more (Wang Yong
It is raw, Liu Chengjiang etc., the novel propulsion system in naval vessel, Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2014).Pump spray blade is circumferentially arranged symmetrically
When, axial force is mainly generated, and cross force and vertical force component are very small, are possible to pump spray nothing occur under hull operation state
Method provides the phenomenon that enough transverse direction and vertical steering force, has aggravated the manipulation burden of rudder face.When preposition stator vane is using week
When to asymmetric arrangement scheme, design experiences show: with the increase of pump spray rotor blade skew back degree and laden by the stern degree, pump
Spray can generate more apparent lateral force and lateral torque, and lateral force amplitude is big with stator vane circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement angle
Small correlation.If being designed to work as, the lateral torque can be efficiently used, increasing pump spray promotes safety when Submarine Control.
In terms of designing research and development in relation to the marine propeller of blade circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement, current domestic published correlation
Document report almost without.It is retrieved in Chinese patent net with " blade asymmetric arrangement " for keyword, only 2 inventions
Patent is directly related therewith: one be the efficient asymmetric diffuser of annular pumping chamber " a kind of match " (publication number:
CN203067340U, 2013-07-17), it mainly elaborates by changing the angle between the diffuser adjacent blades of impeller rear
Method improves the efficiency and stability of pump；Another be " asymmetric blade fan " (publication number: CN203297146U,
2013-11-20), and by changing the angle between adjacent blades reduce the vortex and secondary flow between blade path, into
And reduce flabellum vibration noise.Vane foil and the angle of pitch all do not change in above two patent formulas.In addition, in state
It is retrieved in the patent network of border with " asymmetric blade " and " asymmetric blade " for keyword, there are 2 to design with propeller blade
It is directly related, it is United States Patent (USP) " Rotor with asymmetric blade spacing (asymmetric blade arrangement respectively
Rotor, publication number: US2012/0288373 A1,2012.11) " and European patent " Asymmetric preswirl stator
For ship (the asymmetric stator before rotor of ship, publication number: EP1955944 A1,2008.08) ".Wherein, patent " asymmetric leaf
The rotor of piece arrangement ", which is described, changes the circumferential angle between turbine rotor blade with certain rule to inhibit rotor leaf frequency line spectrum
The design scheme of noise peak has certain enlightenment to the subsequent improvement of design scheme in this patent；" ship is asymmetric for patent
Preposition rotor " elaborates that installation left and right string is asymmetrically distributed in front of above water craft (referring mainly to civilian merchant ship) tail undercarriage
Stator vane substantially also corresponds to be to improve spiral by the angle between circumferential asymmetric arrangement stator before rotor adjacent blades
The efficiency and cavitation performance of paddle, have certain similarity with design scheme of the present invention in mentality of designing, but specifically take
Technical measures are different, and application is also different.It is not taken in the application design scheme and enumerates changing of using in patent as above-mentioned
Become the technical measures of the angle between adjacent blades, the reason is that: pump spray works in submarine tail portion, although since hull command set encloses
Shell and the presence of the ship tail cross wing/Y-wing make the feature of the circumferential non-uniform Distribution of ship tail wake presence, but its circumferential asymmetry
Even degree will be significantly less than aforementioned merchant ship potential wake, and the drop shape of hull itself makes wake port and starboard difference and little,
In this case by changing the angle between stator before rotor adjacent blades come the space very little of elevator pump spray propulsion and noiseproof feature.
In follow-up study, it can attempt to combine the technical measures taken in the technical measures and design scheme of the present invention, more
Its noise-reducing design effect is played well.
It can be seen that from the studies above background and using status for the combined propeller for spraying this complexity for pump,
Noise reduction is carried out using the design scheme of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement, opens a new way of pump spray noise-reducing design
Diameter.The technical measures, which are not only suitable for routine, axle mechanical type pump water spray power modelling, and it is integrated to be also applied for novel shaftless driving
The design of electric motor type pump spray hydraulic model can effectively fill up the lacuna of the domestic application field, strong that domestic latent device is promoted to push away
Into the independent research and popularization and application sprayed with Low noise pump.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to further decrease pump spray radiated noise, on the basis of original pump sprays hydraulic model,
By regularly changing the angle of pitch of stator vane, a kind of pump spray hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement is provided
And its design method, ship tail circumferential direction non-uniform wake can be better adapted to, pump spray line spectrum noise is reduced.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the pump-jet propulsor waterpower mould for the stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement that the present invention designs
Type, it is characterised in that: including conduit, coaxial impeller and stator are equipped in the conduit, the stator is preposition, after the impeller
It sets；The impeller includes impeller blade and impeller hub, and the impeller blade is axially and symmetrically fixed on impeller hub；The stator
Including stator vane and stator wheel hub, the stator vane is fixed on stator wheel hub and stator vane blade tip is fixed on pipe inner wall
Face, the angle between the two adjacent stator vanes are 360 °/n (quantity that n is stator vane), and the stator vane angle of pitch
It is adjusted according to the following equation:
In formula: α0It is the angle of pitch of stator vane in benchmark pump spray hydraulic model, by the parametrization three of stator three-dimensional geometry
Member, which reverse-engineers, to be determined；
A is amplitude coefficient, takes the integer between 1 to 9, and unit is degree；
N is the sequence number of stator vane, and value is the integer between 1 to 12, and blade sequence number is incremented by by clockwise
Direction is completed, consistent with impeller clockwise direction, and N value difference describes the difference of circumferential angle position where blade.
For the stator before rotor blade of pump spray using circumferential asymmetric arrangement form, the angle of pitch of each stator vane is different
Sample.In terms of from ship tail to the direction ship head, the change of each stator vane angle of pitch around across stator hub axis center with this by determining
The line at blades blade root section chord length midpoint rotates a certain angle completion, which is to press sinusoidal rule variation
Variable pitch amount.The rotation of circumferential angle position and impeller blade where the positive and negative value and blade of variable pitch amount
Directional correlation.The stator vane angle of pitch is defined as stator vane leaf section chord length and perpendicular to shape between the cross section of axial direction
At acute angle.When impeller dextrorotation, the stator vane angle of pitch in right string space reduces relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, and larboard is empty
The interior stator vane angle of pitch increases relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch；Conversely, stator when impeller left string in port space
Blade pitch angle reduces relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, and the stator vane angle of pitch in starboard space is relative to reference vanes spiral shell
Elongation increases.Directly affecting for this arrangement is axial pulsating force amplitude when not only can reduce pump spray work, is come with this
Inhibit pump spray line spectrum noise peak and weaken impeller direction of rotation to the influence degree of pump spray sound directive property, and can produce attached
Plus side is beneficial to the promotion of hull maneuvering performance to torque.
Preferably, the number of sheets of the stator vane is 12 leaves, and the number of sheets of the impeller blade is 9 leaves or 7 leaves.In this way, phase
Circumferential angle between adjacent two panels stator vane is 30 degree, and the stator vane that sequence number is 1 is located at 15 degree of angles, and sequence number is
It is 1 and sequence volume that 12 stator vane, which is located at 345 degree of angles, hull fairwater and upper vertical stabilizer wake flow from sequence number,
Number for 12 stator vane between channel flow through, stator vane sequence number be incremented by completes in the direction of the clock, with impeller the right side
It is consistent to revolve direction.When impeller dextrorotation, expression formula are as follows:Sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch of stator vane reduce, the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space increases；Conversely,
When impeller is left-handed, expression formula isThe stator vane that sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch increases, and the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space reduces.
Preferably, blade tip clearance is equipped between the blade tip section and pipe inner wall face of the impeller blade.
It is further preferred that the ratio of the blade tip clearance and impeller diameter is taken as 2~5 ‰ depending on machining accuracy.
Preferably, impeller blade skew angle is greater than the half of angle between adjacent impeller blade；Impeller blade is from blade root
To blade tip section, guide margin is increased to ship tail direction trim, trim distance by linear rule at different radii section.
It is further preferred that impeller blade, from blade root to blade tip section, skew angle is increased by given rule, and different radii is cut
Skew angle mathematic(al) representation at face are as follows:
Wherein, θsmaxIt is blade tip section skew angle, for describing the skew angle of impeller blade；rhIt is impeller hub radius, R
It is impeller radius, r is any section radius, θ on impeller bladesIt is the skew angle at the section radius r.
Preferably, stator vane and impeller blade are all made of the distribution of 16 profile thickness of NACA.
Preferably, the cross section profile of the inside and outside wall surface of the conduit is aerofoil profile.
The pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model design method for the stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement that the present invention designs, including with
Lower step:
One) Selection and Design of pump fluid channel hydraulic parameters is carried out according to design requirement；
Two) determine pump spray stator before rotor, inside and outside postposition impeller and conduit wall surface two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry；
Three) by step 1) and step 2) acquired results using parametrization ternary Reverse Design determine stator, impeller
3 dimensional coil geometry；By step 1) and step 2) acquired results obtain the two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of conduit along axial-rotation
To conduit 3 dimensional coil geometry；
Four) using Fluid Mechanics Computation method calculate step 3) gained model under the conditions of design speed, revolving speed and wake
The hydrodynamic performance and cavitation performance for pumping spray judge whether pump spray axial thrust, consumption power, propulsive efficiency and cavitation performance are full
Sufficient design requirement: if so, carrying out in next step；If it is not, then returning to step 2) the corresponding two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of modification, and
The blade surface load distribution rule of stator and impeller during ternary reverse-engineers is adjusted, stator and impeller three are redesigned
Tie up geometry；
Five) the big skew back of impeller blade and laden by the stern feature are introduced: being greater than impeller blade skew angle between adjacent blades and presss from both sides
The half at angle, and impeller blade is from blade root to blade tip section, guide margin is to ship tail direction trim, trim distance at different radii section
Increase by linear rule；
Six) using Fluid Mechanics Computation method calculate step 5) gained model under the conditions of design speed, revolving speed and wake
Big skew back pump spray pulsation thrust coefficient simultaneously obtains line spectrum noise, judges whether pump spray line spectrum noise meets design requirement: if so,
It carries out in next step；If it is not, then returning to step 5) increase impeller blade skew back and trim degree, the axial direction for increasing stator and impeller
Distance；
Seven) according to angle position circumferential where stator vane, the screw pitch of impeller rotation direction and amplitude coefficient adjustment stator vane
Angle；
Eight) step 7 is calculated using Fluid Mechanics Computation method) thrust coefficient of gained model under the conditions of wake and pre-
Report obtains line spectrum noise；
Nine) the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of preposition circumferential asymmetric arrangement is determined.
Preferably, the step 1) in hydraulic parameters include lift, flow, discharge area, specific speed and suction inlet specific speed
5 parameters.
Preferably, the step 2) in two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry include conduit, stator before rotor and postposition impeller axial plane
Projection.
Preferably, the step 3) in design stator vane and when impeller blade 3 dimensional coil geometry: stator vane lagging edge
Quadratic power swirl distribution is used using increment type swirl distribution, impeller blade guide margin；The blade root of stator vane and impeller blade cuts
Face is all made of middle load type load distribution, blade tip section is all made of front bearing type load distribution；It is adopted at the guide margin of stator vane blade root section
With small positive incidence, small negative angle of attack is used at the lagging edge of impeller blade blade tip section.Blade (stator vane and impeller blade) three
Geometry is tieed up by hydrodynamic parameter (blade load distribution and outlet circulation are distributed) and geometric parameter (axial plane geometry, leaf section
Thickness distribution and stacking angle) it codetermines.
Preferably, the step 6) in assessment pump spray radiated noise reduction amount when can using pump spray pulsation axial thrust
Coefficient parameter.
It is further preferred that pulsation thrust coefficient calculates and uses unsteady transient state CFD calculation method.
Still more preferably, pulsation thrust coefficient, which is calculated, adapts to analogy method SAS or separation vortex simulation side using scale
Method DES or Large eddy simulation method LES.Preferentially simulated using SAS, it can be under conditions of guaranteeing pulsating force amplitude forecast precision effectively
Shorten calculating cycle.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention routinely have axis drive-type pump spray hydraulic model on the basis of, by having
The angle of pitch for regularly changing stator before rotor blade develops the pump water spray power for having obtained stator before rotor blade circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement
Model.It pumps spray hydraulic model with benchmark to be compared, the design method and rapidoprint that blade three-dimensional geometry uses all do not occur
Change, is easy to extend.Stator vane count is 12 leaves in design pump spray hydraulic model, and impeller blade number is 9 leaves or 7 leaves, and conduit is cut
Facial contour is aerofoil profile.Stator vane and impeller blade are all made of NACA16 profile thickness distribution characteristics.Impeller blade has big side
Oblique and laden by the stern feature.Design pump is sprayed under specified 16 section of the speed of a ship or plane, rated speed 200rpm, and opening water efficiency is 0.59, ship tail companion
Axial thrust is generated under the conditions of stream and is greater than 300kN, consumption power less than 3.15MW, and non-cavitating generates when the depth of water is greater than 30 meters, axis
Reduce 3.4% than the pump spray that benchmark is circumferentially arranged symmetrically to pulsation thrust coefficient, it can also while reducing low frequency spectrum lines noise
Obtain the promotion by a small margin of maneuvering performance.The technical measures used in the design scheme are also applied for shaftless drive-type and integrate motor
The noise optimization design of pump spray hydraulic model, the technical measures can rapidly promote pump spray the universal of Push Technology and answer after promoting and applying
With.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the pump spray hydraulic model 3 dimensional coil geometry of the stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention；
Ship tail Fig. 2 locating when being the pump spray work of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention is circumferentially non-
Even nominal wake；
Fig. 3 is that stator before rotor blade pitch angle changes in the pump spray of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention
The preceding relative position figure between the circumferentially non-homogeneous nominal wake of ship tail；
Fig. 4 is stator before rotor blade pitch angle definition in the pump spray of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is stator vane screw pitch angular distribution in the pump spray of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that the pump spray of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention and the pump that benchmark is circumferentially arranged symmetrically spray
Three-dimensional geometry compares figure；Wherein, the stator before rotor blade that light color is circumferentially arranged symmetrically on the basis of indicating, dark color are expressed as circumferential non-
The pump spray stator before rotor blade being arranged symmetrically；
Fig. 7 is the pump water spray power modelling flow chart of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 and the modes of some alternative embodiments of the invention is enumerated, to technical side of the invention
Case (including optimal technical scheme) is described in further detail, any technical characteristic and any technical side in the present embodiment
Case does not limit the scope of the invention.
The process of the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model design method for the stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement that the present invention designs
Figure as shown in fig. 7,
Step S1 carries out the Selection and Design of pump fluid channel hydraulic parameters according to design requirement；
It is theoretical according to ship hydraulic jet propulsion when Selection and Design, lift, the stream of pump spray blade grid passage are determined by rapidity requirement
5 amount, discharge area, specific speed and suction inlet specific speed parameter parameters.
Step S2, determine pump spray stator before rotor, inside and outside postposition impeller and conduit wall surface two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry；Two dimension
Axis plane projection geometry includes blade (stator vane and impeller blade) guide margin and lagging edge, blade tip and blade root section, the inside and outside wall of conduit
The axis plane projection in face.
Step S3 determines stator, leaf using parametrization ternary Reverse Design by step S1 and step S2 acquired results
The 3 dimensional coil geometry of wheel；The two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of conduit is obtained along axial-rotation by step S1 and step S2 acquired results
To conduit 3 dimensional coil geometry；
Blade (stator vane and impeller blade) 3 dimensional coil geometry is by hydrodynamic parameter (blade load distribution and discharge ring
Amount distribution) and geometric parameter (axial plane geometry, the distribution of leaf section thickness and stacking angle) co-determination.Blade load distribution determines
Leaf sectional pressure coefficient and then directly determines its capacity for work and anti-cavitation performance along the distribution in chord length direction；Outlet circulation
It is distributed for controlling secondary flow of the impeller blade in the capacity for work and stator before rotor blade in span direction, and then before improvement
The interaction flow field between stator and impeller is set, work doing efficiency is improved.Stator before rotor blade exit circular rector and impeller blade import
Circular rector is equal.Blade face loads (pressure difference between blade face pressure face and suction surface) and circumferentially average circular rector rVtIn axial plane
Derivative in grain direction is closely related, and mathematical model is,
In formula, ρ is the density of seawater；R is any section radius on impeller blade；VmIt is circumferentially average axial plane speed
Degree, the ratio of both areas corresponding with diameter in axis projection equal to flow；VtIt is circumferentially average tangential velocity point
Amount is equal to circular rector rVtThe ratio of value and radius in axis projection, circular rector rVtIt is worth and is determined by lift and revolving speed,
ηhFor hydraulic efficiency, initial value is taken as 0.92 when design；p+、p-It is the static pressure of blade pressure surface and suction surface, the two difference respectively
Thrust is generated equal to blade；B is the number of blade, is empirically given, such as 12 leaf of stator vane, 9 leaf of impeller blade or 7 leaves；M is nothing
Dimension meridian streamline length is geometric parameter at blade difference span, is 0 to 1 from vane inlet to outlet value.
When designing stator vane and impeller blade 3 dimensional coil geometry: stator vane lagging edge is using increment type circular rector point
Cloth, impeller blade guide margin use quadratic power swirl distribution；It is negative that the blade root section of stator vane and impeller blade is all made of middle load type
Carry distribution, blade tip section is all made of front bearing type load distribution；Small positive incidence, impeller are used at the guide margin of stator vane blade root section
Small negative angle of attack is used at the lagging edge of blade blade tip section.
Step S4 calculates model obtained by step S3 in design speed, revolving speed and wake item using Fluid Mechanics Computation method
The hydrodynamic performance and cavitation performance that spray is pumped under part judge that pump spray axial thrust, consumption power, propulsive efficiency and cavitation performance are
It is no to meet design requirement: if so, carrying out in next step；If it is not, the corresponding two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of step S2 modification is then returned to,
And the blade surface load distribution rule of stator and impeller during ternary reverse-engineers is adjusted, redesign stator and impeller
3 dimensional coil geometry；
Step S5 introduces the big skew back of impeller blade and laden by the stern feature: make impeller blade skew angle be greater than adjacent blades it
Between angle half, and impeller blade is from blade root to blade tip section, and guide margin is to ship tail direction trim, trim at different radii section
Distance is increased by linear rule；
Impeller blade has big skew back and laden by the stern feature in the pump spray hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement
It is signified are as follows: impeller blade skew angle is greater than the half of angle between adjacent blades, and skew angle is taken as 30 degree in the present embodiment, skew back
Degree is 75%.Impeller blade is from blade root to blade tip section, and skew angle is increased by given rule, the skew back at different radii section
Angle mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Wherein, θsmaxIt is that blade tip section skew angle for describing the skew angle of impeller blade is taken as 30 in the present embodiment
Degree；rhIt is impeller hub radius, R is impeller radius, and r is any section radius, θ on impeller bladesIt is the side at the section radius r
Oblique angle.Impeller blade is from blade root to blade tip section, and guide margin is to ship tail direction trim at different radii section, and trim distance is by linear
Rule increases, and the ratio of blade tip section trim value and impeller radius is 3/16 in the present embodiment.
Step S6 calculates model obtained by step S5 in design speed, revolving speed and wake item using Fluid Mechanics Computation method
Big skew back pump sprays pulsation thrust coefficient and obtains line spectrum noise under part, judges whether pump spray line spectrum noise meets design requirement: if
It is then to carry out in next step；Increase impeller blade skew back and trim degree if it is not, then returning to step S5, increase stator and impeller
Axial distance；
Can be using pump spray pulsation axial thrust coefficient parameter when assessment pumps spray radiated noise reduction amount, thrust system of pulsing
Number, which calculates, uses unsteady transient state CFD calculation method.Thrust coefficient of such as pulsing, which is calculated, to be adapted to analogy method SAS using scale or divides
From whirlpool analogy method DES or Large eddy simulation method LES.It is preferentially simulated using SAS, can guarantee pulsating force amplitude forecast precision
Under the conditions of effectively shorten calculating cycle.
Step S7 is according to angle position circumferential where stator vane, the spiral shell of impeller rotation direction and amplitude coefficient adjustment stator vane
Elongation；
As shown in figure 4, the angle of pitch is defined as the angle of leaf section chord length and circumferential direction；
The adjustment of the stator vane angle of pitch is changed by sinusoidal rule, circumferential angle position where variable pitch amplitude and blade
Set, impeller rotation direction it is related to amplitude coefficient.Advantageous variant rule are as follows:
Wherein, α0It is the angle of pitch of stator vane in benchmark pump spray hydraulic model, by the parametrization three of stator three-dimensional geometry
Member, which reverse-engineers, to be determined；A is amplitude coefficient, takes the integer between 1 to 9, and unit is degree；N is the sequence number of stator vane, is taken
Value is the integer between 1 to 12.Circumferential angle between adjacent two panels stator vane is 30 degree, the stator leaf that serial number is 1
Piece is located at 15 degree of angles, and the stator vane that sequence number is 12 is located at 345 degree of angles, and stator vane sequence number is incremented by by side clockwise
It is consistent with impeller clockwise direction to completion.Stator wheel hub circumferential direction angle position where N value difference describes stator vane is not
Together.When impeller dextrorotation, expression formula isThe stator vane that sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch reduces, and the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space increases；Conversely, when impeller is left-handed, table
It is up to formulaThe angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space increases, left-handed
The angle of pitch for the stator vane that spatial sequence number is 7 to 12 reduces.
As shown in Fig. 2, cross Non-Uniform Flow area is the viscosity of hull fairwater and cruciform tail in wake
Wake effect generates, and two " hump shape " Non-Uniform Flow areas above wake are hull fairwater and captain boat body joint portion
Horse shoe vortex influences to be formed；
As shown in figure 3, the stator vane that sequence number is 1 is located at circumferential 15 degree of angles, the stator vane that sequence number is 12
Positioned at circumferential 345 degree of angles, cross Non-Uniform Flow area and " hump shape " Non-Uniform Flow area are respectively positioned on stator in ship tail wake
In blade path；
As shown in figure 5, the stator vane angle of pitch in port space subtracts relative to the angle of pitch a reference value when impeller is left-handed
Small, the stator vane angle of pitch in starboard space increases relative to angle of pitch a reference value.
Step S8 calculates thrust coefficient of the model obtained by step S7 under the conditions of wake simultaneously using Fluid Mechanics Computation method
Forecast obtains line spectrum noise；
Step S9 determines the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement.The model finally obtained
As shown in Figure 1, wherein the stator vane of sequence number 1 to 6 is located in starboard space, the stator vane position of sequence number 7 to 12
In in port space, stator vane sequence number corresponds to the angular interval of circumferential 15 degree to 345 degree of angle, adjacent two stators leaf
Angle is 30 degree between piece.As shown in fig. 6, benchmark is circumferentially arranged symmetrically the sequence in model and the pump model of circumferential asymmetric arrangement
The stator vane that column number is 1 and 7 is completely coincident.
Again as shown in Figure 1, the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model for the stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement that the present invention designs, packet
Conduit 5 is included, is equipped with coaxial impeller and stator in the conduit 5, the stator is preposition, the impeller postposition；The impeller packet
Impeller blade 3 and impeller hub 4 are included, the impeller blade 3 is axially and symmetrically fixed on impeller hub 4；The stator includes stator
Blade 1 and stator wheel hub 2, the stator vane 1 is fixed on stator wheel hub 2 and 1 blade tip of stator vane is fixed on 5 inner wall of conduit
Face, the angle between the two adjacent stator vanes 1 be 30 ° (360 °/12, in this example the quantity of stator vane be 12), and
1 angle of pitch of stator vane is adjusted according to the following equation:
In formula: α0It is the angle of pitch of stator vane in benchmark pump spray hydraulic model, by the parametrization three of stator three-dimensional geometry
Member, which reverse-engineers, to be determined；
A is amplitude coefficient, takes the integer between 1 to 9, and unit is degree；
N is the sequence number of stator vane, and value is the integer between 1 to 12, and blade sequence number is incremented by by clockwise
Direction is completed, consistent with impeller clockwise direction, and N value difference describes the difference of circumferential angle position where blade.
For the stator vane of pump spray using circumferential asymmetric arrangement form, the angle of pitch of each stator vane is different.From
Ship tail sees that the change of each stator vane angle of pitch is by around across stator hub axis center and the stator vane to the direction ship head
The line at blade root section chord length midpoint rotates a certain angle completion, which is the screw pitch for pressing sinusoidal rule variation
Angle variable quantity.The direction of rotation phase of the positive and negative value of variable pitch amount and angle position and impeller blade circumferential where blade
It closes.The stator vane angle of pitch is defined as stator vane leaf section chord length and sharp perpendicular to what is formed between the cross section of axial direction
Angle.When impeller dextrorotation, the stator vane angle of pitch in right string space reduces relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, in port space
The stator vane angle of pitch increases relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch；Conversely, stator vane spiral shell when impeller left string in port space
Elongation reduces relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, and the stator vane angle of pitch in starboard space increases relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch
Add.Directly affecting for this arrangement is axial pulsating force amplitude when not only can reduce pump spray work, inhibits to pump with this
It sprays line spectrum noise peak and weakens impeller direction of rotation to the influence degree of pump spray sound directive property, and can produce additional lateral
Torque is beneficial to the promotion of hull maneuvering performance.
Preferably, the number of sheets of the stator vane is 12 leaves, and the number of sheets of the impeller blade is 9 leaves or 7 leaves.In this way, phase
Circumferential angle between adjacent two panels stator vane is 30 degree, and the stator vane that sequence number is 1 is located at 15 degree of angles, and sequence number is
It is 1 and sequence volume that 12 stator vane, which is located at 345 degree of angles, hull fairwater and upper vertical stabilizer wake flow from sequence number,
Number for 12 stator vane between channel flow through, stator vane sequence number be incremented by completes in the direction of the clock, with impeller the right side
It is consistent to revolve direction.When impeller dextrorotation, expression formula are as follows:Sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch of stator vane reduce, the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space increases；Conversely,
When impeller is left-handed, expression formula isThe stator vane that sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch increases, and the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space reduces.
Preferably, blade tip clearance is equipped between 5 inner wall of the blade tip section of the impeller blade 3 and conduit.In this example, institute
The ratio for stating blade tip clearance and impeller diameter is 3 ‰.
Preferably, 3 skew angle of impeller blade is greater than the half of angle between adjacent impeller blade 3；Impeller blade 3 is from leaf
Root is to blade tip section, and guide margin is increased to ship tail direction trim, trim distance by linear rule at different radii section.
It is further preferred that impeller blade 3, from blade root to blade tip section, skew angle is increased by given rule, different radii
Skew angle mathematic(al) representation at section are as follows:
Wherein, θsmaxIt is blade tip section skew angle, for describing the skew angle of impeller blade；rhIt is impeller hub radius, R
It is impeller radius, r is any section radius, θ on impeller bladesIt is the skew angle at the section radius r.
Preferably, stator vane and impeller blade are all made of the distribution of 16 profile thickness of NACA.
Preferably, the cross section profile of the inside and outside wall surface of the conduit 5 is aerofoil profile.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement, it is characterised in that: described including conduit
Coaxial impeller and stator are equipped in conduit, the stator is preposition, the impeller postposition；The impeller includes impeller blade and leaf
Wheel hub is taken turns, the impeller blade is axially and symmetrically fixed on impeller hub；The stator includes stator vane and stator wheel hub, described
Stator vane is fixed on stator wheel hub and stator vane blade tip is fixed on pipe inner wall face, between the two adjacent stator vanes
Angle be 360 °/n, n is the quantity of stator vane, and the stator vane angle of pitch is adjusted according to the following equation:
When impeller dextrorotation, expression formula are as follows:Sequence in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch for the stator vane that column number is 1 to 6 reduces, the screw pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space
Angle increases；When impeller is left-handed, expression formula isThe stator that sequence number is 1 to 6 in dextrorotation space
The angle of pitch of blade increases, and the angle of pitch for the stator vane that sequence number is 7 to 12 in left-handed space reduces；
In formula: α0It is the angle of pitch of stator vane in benchmark pump spray hydraulic model, it is reverse by the parametrization ternary of stator three-dimensional geometry
Design determines；
A is amplitude coefficient, takes the integer between 1 to 9, and unit is degree；
N is the sequence number of stator vane, and value is the integer between 1 to 12, and blade sequence number is incremented by the direction of the clock
It completes, consistent with impeller clockwise direction, N value difference describes the difference of circumferential angle position where blade.
2. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the number of sheets of the impeller blade is 9 leaves or 7 leaves.
3. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 1, feature exist
In: blade tip clearance, the blade tip clearance and impeller diameter are equipped between the blade tip section and pipe inner wall face of the impeller blade
Ratio regard machining accuracy value as 2~5 ‰.
4. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
It is characterized by: impeller blade skew angle is greater than the half of angle between adjacent impeller blade；Impeller blade is from blade root to leaf
Tip section, guide margin is increased to ship tail direction trim, trim distance by linear rule at different radii section.
5. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 4, feature exist
In: impeller blade is from blade root to blade tip section, and skew angle is increased by given rule, the skew angle mathematical table at different radii section
Up to formula are as follows:
Wherein, θsmaxIt is blade tip section skew angle, for describing the skew angle of impeller blade；rhIt is impeller hub radius, R is leaf
Radius is taken turns, r is any section radius, θ on impeller bladesIt is the skew angle at the section radius r.
6. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 1, feature exist
In: stator vane and impeller blade are all made of the distribution of 16 profile thickness of NACA.
7. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the cross section profile of the inside and outside wall surface of the conduit is aerofoil profile.
8. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model design method of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement, comprising the following steps:
One) Selection and Design of pump fluid channel hydraulic parameters is carried out according to design requirement；
Two) determine pump spray stator before rotor, inside and outside postposition impeller and conduit wall surface two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry；
Three) by step 1) and step 2) acquired results using parametrization ternary Reverse Design determine stator, postposition impeller
3 dimensional coil geometry；By step 1) and step 2) acquired results obtain the two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of conduit along axial-rotation
To conduit 3 dimensional coil geometry；
Four) using Fluid Mechanics Computation method calculate step 3) gained model spray is pumped under the conditions of design speed, revolving speed and wake
Hydrodynamic performance and cavitation performance, judge pump spray axial thrust, consumption power, whether propulsive efficiency and cavitation performance meet sets
Meter requires: if so, carrying out in next step；If it is not, then returning to step 2) the corresponding two-dimentional axis plane projection geometry of modification, and adjust
The blade surface load distribution rule of stator and impeller during ternary reverse-engineers, redesigns stator and impeller three-dimensional is several
What shape；
Five) the big skew back of impeller blade and laden by the stern feature are introduced: impeller blade skew angle being made to be greater than angle between adjacent blades
Half, and impeller blade, from blade root to blade tip section, guide margin presses line to ship tail direction trim, trim distance at different radii section
Property rule increase；
Six) step 5 is calculated using Fluid Mechanics Computation method) gained model big side under the conditions of design speed, revolving speed and wake
Tiltedly pump sprays pulsation thrust coefficient and obtains line spectrum noise, judges whether pump spray line spectrum noise meets design requirement: if so, carrying out
In next step；If it is not, then returning to step 5) increase impeller blade skew back and trim degree, the axial distance for increasing stator and impeller；
Seven) according to angle position circumferential where stator vane, the angle of pitch of impeller rotation direction and amplitude coefficient adjustment stator vane；Leaf
When taking turns dextrorotation, the stator vane angle of pitch in right string space reduces relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, the stator in port space
Blade pitch angle increases relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch；Conversely, stator vane angle of pitch when impeller left string in port space
Reduce relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch, the stator vane angle of pitch in starboard space increases relative to the reference vanes angle of pitch；
Eight) step 7 is calculated using Fluid Mechanics Computation method) it thrust coefficient of gained model under the conditions of wake and forecasts
To line spectrum noise；
Nine) the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model of preposition circumferential asymmetric arrangement is determined.
9. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model design method of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 8,
It is characterized by: the step 3) in design stator vane and when impeller blade 3 dimensional coil geometry: stator vane lagging edge uses
Increment type swirl distribution, impeller blade guide margin use quadratic power swirl distribution；The blade root section of stator vane and impeller blade is equal
Load type load distribution, blade tip section are all made of front bearing type load distribution in；Using small at the guide margin of stator vane blade root section
Positive incidence, small negative angle of attack is used at the lagging edge of impeller blade blade tip section.
10. the pump-jet propulsor hydraulic model design method of stator before rotor circumferential direction asymmetric arrangement according to claim 8,
It is characterized by: the step 6) in assessment pump spray radiated noise reduction amount when using pump spray pulsation axial thrust coefficient parameter.
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| CN112196834A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-08 | 江苏大学 | A Nonlinear Symmetrically Arranged Guide Vane with Low Noise Characteristics |
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