CN105105889B - A kind of artificial lumbar disc prostheses - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis, which is characterized in that: a "sandwich" structure is formed by an upper endplate 10, a nucleus pulposus 20, and a lower endplate 30; the nucleus pulposus 20 is composed of an upper structure 21 and a lower structure 22 , the upper structure 21 is a spherical dome structure, the lower structure 22 is a boss-shaped structure and is provided with a protruding guide rail 23 along the transverse direction of its lower plane; The spherical dome structure of the upper structure 21 of the core 20 is matched and connected to form a ball joint; the groove 31 provided on the upper plane of the lower end plate 30 and the guide groove 32 protruding along the transverse direction of the groove 31 are respectively connected with the The lower structure 22 of the nucleus pulposus 20 and the guide rail 23 are mated and connected. The artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention is designed according to the anatomical structure parameters of Chinese bones, and can realize a certain range of six working conditions of flexion, extension, left rotation, right rotation, left bending and right bending; At the same time, the rotation movement and the translation movement can realize the omnidirectional movement.

Description

A kind of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis

technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of prosthesis which can be implanted into the human body for replacement, in particular to a kind of artificial prosthesis used for replacing lumbar intervertebral discs with pathological changes between lumbar vertebrae, reconstructing the structure of lumbar vertebrae, restoring physiological activities and improving the quality of life of patients. Lumbar disc prosthesis.

Background technique

The lumbar intervertebral disc is composed of the outer fibrous annulus, the inner nucleus pulposus, and the upper and lower vertebral body endplates. It is the largest non-vascular tissue in the human body. As people age, the loss of water in the nucleus pulposus of the lumbar intervertebral disc will lead to its degeneration. The functions of degenerative lumbar intervertebral discs to transmit loads and ensure the mobility and stability of the vertebral bodies are changed, thus affecting the physiological functions of the lumbar intervertebral discs.

The existing treatment methods for degenerative lumbar intervertebral discs are bed rest, medicine, traction, physical therapy and other conservative treatments. Surgical treatment is required when conservative treatment is ineffective or critically ill. Surgical treatment is divided into fusion and replacement. If fusion is used to destroy the normal intervertebral disc anatomy, the range of motion is reduced, and adjacent segments are involved; while replacement is used to reconstruct the anatomy and restore physiological functions. Replacement surgery removes diseased intervertebral disc tissue and implants artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis to relieve nerve root mechanical compression and reduce autoimmune sources and inflammatory substances induced by degenerated intervertebral discs. Therefore, artificial lumbar disc replacement is an ideal treatment for degenerative lumbar disc disease.

Abroad, there are hundreds of prosthesis designs for artificial lumbar intervertebral disc replacement, and prostheses have been put into clinical operation. However, the design of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis aimed at the anatomical structure of Chinese people is still blank. Due to the differences in race, the lumbar intervertebral discs of different races must also have differences. The invention designs an artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis suitable for the Chinese anatomical structure based on the anatomical parameters of the Chinese lumbar intervertebral disc structure.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned technical defects and technical gaps, the present invention discloses an artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis, which can be well matched with vertebral bodies of specific races and can basically achieve the physiological function of normal lumbar intervertebral discs .

The artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis disclosed by the present invention consists of an upper endplate 10, a nucleus pulposus 20, and a lower endplate 30 to form a "sandwich" structure; the nucleus pulposus 20 is composed of an upper structure 21 and a lower structure 22, and the upper structure 21 is Spherical dome structure, the lower structure 22 is a boss-shaped structure and a guide rail 23 is provided along the transverse direction of the lower plane; the concave surface 15 provided on the lower plane of the upper end plate 10 and the upper structure 21 of the nucleus pulposus 20 The spherical dome structure is matched and connected to form a ball-and-socket joint, and the ball-and-socket joint can realize the rotational movement of the upper endplate relative to the lower endplate and the lateral bending movement relative to the central axis; the groove 31 and the Extending guide grooves 32 are provided along the transverse direction of the groove 31 to cooperate with the lower structure 22 and the guide rail 23 of the nucleus pulposus 20 respectively, so as to realize micro-translational movement in the sagittal direction while limiting movement in the axial and transverse directions; With the above structure, the rotational movement of the upper endplate 10, lateral bending movement and the translational movement of the nucleus pulposus 20 in the sagittal direction of the present invention together realize the complex coupling movement of the lumbar intervertebral disc.

Both the upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 have a D-shaped structure in the side projections of the upper and lower endplates.

A spherical dome structure is provided on the upper plane of the upper end plate 10 and the lower plane of the lower end plate 30 .

The spherical dome structure of the upper endplate 10 is located at the center of the upper surface of the upper endplate 10 and is integrated with the upper endplate 10, and the spherical dome structure of the lower endplate 30 is located at the center of the lower surface of the lower endplate 30 Position and integral structure with the lower endplate 30.

At least one inverted tooth 12 is provided on one side of the upper end plate 10, at least one straight small groove 13 is provided on the other side of the upper end plate 10, and at least one straight groove 13 is provided on one side of the lower end plate 30. There is a barb tooth 33 , and at least one straight small groove 35 is arranged on the other side of the lower end plate 30 .

The inverted tooth is a triangular pyramid inverted tooth.

The inverted teeth of the upper endplate 10 are evenly distributed on the front side of the upper endplate 10 , and the inverted teeth of the lower endplate 30 are evenly distributed on the front side of the lower endplate 30 .

Both the surfaces of the upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 are sprayed with bioactive or osteoinductive materials to promote bone ingrowth to achieve the fixation of the prosthesis and the corresponding vertebral body.

The upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 respectively allocate a part of the front arch; the upper plane of the upper endplate 10 and the lower plane of the lower endplate 30 are oblique planes that match the planes of the upper and lower vertebral body endplates of the human body .

The groove 31 on the upper plane of the lower endplate 30 is a square groove.

The artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention is designed according to the characteristics of Chinese bone anatomical structure parameters. In terms of structure, the "sandwich" structure well simulates the physiological structure of the normal lumbar intervertebral disc; in terms of function, the rotational motion of this design and the micro-translational motion of the nucleus pulposus together constitute the compound motion of the artificial lumbar intervertebral disc. The artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis designed this time can achieve a high degree of reconstruction, preserve physiological function and movement, and improve the quality of life of patients. The central dome design of the upper and lower endplates can be well matched with the vertebral body endplates to achieve a good stabilization effect; the evenly distributed inverted tooth structure of the upper and lower endplates can well realize the initial fixation of the prosthesis implantation; the small grooves of the upper and lower endplates The structure is conducive to the ingrowth of bone and other tissues to achieve permanent fixation of the prosthetic endplate and vertebral body.

Instructions attached

Fig. 1 is the structural decomposition schematic diagram of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural assembly schematic diagram of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper endplate of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the upper endplate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleus pulposus of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower endplate of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a side sectional view of the lower endplate of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The lumbar intervertebral disc of a normal human body is the soft tissue between the upper and lower vertebral bodies. The vertebral body is similar to a rigid body structure, mainly relying on the lumbar intervertebral disc to transmit loads, absorb shocks and complete normal human activities. According to clinicians, the plane of normal vertebral endplates is concave, and the lower endplate of the upper vertebral body and the upper endplate of the lower vertebral body form a certain arc. The dome structure is conducive to long-term fixation, and the outer planes of the two endplates form a certain angle.

The structure of artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention is shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 22, the upper structure 21 is a spherical dome structure, the lower structure 22 is a boss-shaped structure and is provided with a protruding guide rail 23 along the transverse direction of its lower plane, and the concave surface 15 provided on the lower plane of the upper end plate 10 It cooperates with the spherical dome structure of the upper structure 21 of the nucleus pulposus 20 to form a ball-and-socket joint. The ball-and-socket joint can realize the rotational movement of the upper endplate 10 relative to the lower endplate 30 and the lateral bending movement relative to the central axis; the lower endplate The groove 31 provided on the upper plane of the groove 30 and the guide groove 32 protruding along the transverse direction of the groove 31 are respectively matched and connected with the lower structure 22 and the guide rail 23 of the nucleus pulposus 20, so as to realize the fine-tuning of the nucleus pulposus 20 in the sagittal direction. Translational motion restricts both axial and transverse radial motion.

On the one hand, the boss-shaped structure of the lower structure 22 of the nucleus pulposus 20 has a large contact area with the groove 31 of the lower endplate 30 when the radial direction of the lower endplate 30 restricts movement; on the other hand, it has a relatively large contact with the lower endplate 30 Area reduces pressure. The lower structure 22 is a boss-shaped structure that cooperates with the groove 31 of the lower endplate 30, mainly to realize the micro-translation function in the sagittal direction, that is, to satisfy the basis for the axial relative position fixation of the nucleus pulposus 20 and the lower endplate 30 , it can realize the micro-translation in the sagittal direction. The purpose of the design of the lower end plate 31 is to make the whole prosthesis play a shock-absorbing effect due to the elasticity of the nucleus pulposus 20 and the gap of the groove 31 when the whole prosthesis is under axial force. In the present invention, the rotational movement of the upper endplate 10 relative to the lower endplate 30 , the lateral bending movement relative to the central axis, and the micro-translational movement of the nucleus pulposus 20 in the sagittal direction jointly realize the complex coupling movement of the lumbar intervertebral disc.

Both the upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 have a D-shaped structure in the side projections of the upper and lower endplates.

A spherical dome structure is provided on the upper plane of the upper end plate 10 and the lower plane of the lower end plate 30 .

The spherical dome structure of the upper endplate 10 is located at the center of the upper surface of the upper endplate 10 and is integrated with the upper endplate 10, and the spherical dome structure of the lower endplate 30 is located at the center of the lower surface of the lower endplate 30 Position and integral structure with the lower endplate 30.

At least one inverted tooth 12 is provided on one side of the upper end plate 10, at least one straight small groove 13 is provided on the other side of the upper end plate 10, and at least one straight groove 13 is provided on one side of the lower end plate 30. There is a barb tooth 33, and at least one straight small groove 35 is arranged on the other side of the lower endplate 30, and several straight groove shapes are arranged on the upper and lower endplates, especially at the rear sides of the upper and lower endplates respectively, which are beneficial to Bone tissue ingrowth achieves long-term fixation of the endplate and vertebral body.

The inverted tooth is a triangular pyramid inverted tooth.

The inverted teeth of the upper endplate 10 are evenly distributed on the front side of the upper endplate 10 , and the inverted teeth of the lower endplate 30 are evenly distributed on the front side of the lower endplate 30 . The lumbar intervertebral disc of a normal person clinically analyzed has a certain forward arch, which means that the upper plane of the designed D-type artificial lumbar intervertebral disc and the lower plane of the lower endplate have a certain angle, and the opening direction of this angle is Anterior side of artificial lumbar disc prosthesis.

Both the surfaces of the upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 are sprayed with bioactive or osteoinductive materials to promote bone ingrowth to achieve the fixation of the prosthesis and the corresponding vertebral body.

The upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 respectively allocate a part of the front arch; the upper plane of the upper endplate 10 and the lower plane of the lower endplate 30 are oblique planes that match the planes of the upper and lower vertebral body endplates of the human body . Since the upper and lower endplates of the entire normal lumbar intervertebral disc have a certain included angle, and the upper endplate 10 and the lower endplate 30 each allocate a part of the front arch, the entire angle can be divided into upper endplate 10 upper plane The angle of the relative horizontal plane and the angle of the lower plane of the lower endplate 30 relative to the horizontal plane are two parts, and the angle formed by the upper plane of the upper endplate 10 and the lower plane of the lower endplate 30 of the artificial lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis designed by the present invention is just very good The angle of the normal lumbar intervertebral disc has been restored.

The groove 31 on the upper plane of the lower endplate 30 is a square groove.

Referring to Fig. 2, the recovery of physiological function of the present invention is realized: the height range of the lumbar intervertebral disc prosthesis of the present invention is 5-9 mm; the anatomical structure of the intervertebral disc gradually evolves from a kidney shape to an ellipse, and the cross section of the present invention is designed as a D-shaped structure; The range of diameter is 25.5mm-29.5mm, the range of transverse diameter is 35mm-43mm; the range of arc angle of forward bow is 6-10°; The right side bends six conditions of motion; at the same time, the rotation motion and translation motion can realize a full range of motion.

To sum up, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and changes that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A kind of 1. artificial lumbar disc prostheses, it is characterised in that：" three are formed by upper soleplate (10), nucleus pulposus (20), lower soleplate (30) Mingzhi " structure；The nucleus pulposus (20) is made up of superstructure (21) and substructure (22), and the superstructure (21) is spherical Dome structure, substructure (22) are boss shape structure and the guide rail (23) stretched out are provided with along its lower plane transverse diameter direction；It is described The concave surface (15) that upper soleplate (10) lower plane is provided with is connected to form cup-and-ball joint with the dome respective outer side edges of nucleus pulposus (20)； The groove (31) and the guide groove (32) point stretched out is provided with along groove (31) transverse diameter direction that plane is provided with the lower soleplate (30) Substructure (22) and guide rail (23) not with nucleus pulposus (20) are connected, and the upper soleplate (10) and lower soleplate (30) each divide A part with anterior arch radian, the anterior arch radian angular range are 6-10 °.
2. 2. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper soleplate (10) and lower soleplate (30) side projection is D type structures.
3. 3. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper plane of soleplate (10) on described Dome structure is equipped with the lower plane of lower soleplate (30).
4. 4. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The dome knot of the upper soleplate (10) Structure is located at the center of upper soleplate (10) upper surface and is integral type structure with upper soleplate (10), the ball of the lower soleplate (30) Shape dome structure is located at the center of lower soleplate (30) lower surface and is integral type structure with lower soleplate (30).
5. 5. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The side of soleplate (10) is at least on described Provided with a pawl (12), the opposite side of soleplate (10) is at least provided with a straight trip sulculus (13) on described, under described Kept straight at least provided with a pawl (33) in the opposite side of the lower soleplate (30) at least provided with one the side of soleplate (30) Sulculus (35).
6. 6. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The pawl is triangular pyramid pawl.
7. 7. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The pawl average mark of the upper soleplate (10) The front side of soleplate (10) is distributed in, the pawl of the lower soleplate (30) is evenly distributed in the front side of lower soleplate (30).
8. 8. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Soleplate (10) and lower soleplate on described (30) the equal sprayed biological activity in surface or bone induction material promotion Bone Ingrowth realizes the fixation of prosthese and corresponding centrum.
9. 9. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The upper plane of the upper soleplate (10) is with The lower plane of soleplate (30) is tapered plane and coordinated with the plane of terminal plate of vertebral body up and down of human body.
10. 10. artificial lumbar disc prostheses according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On the lower soleplate (30) in plane Groove (31) is square groove.