CN105103710A - Method for treating seeds for promoting germination of oilseed rape and improving cold resistance of oilseed rape - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed treatment method for promoting the germination of rapeseed and improving the cold resistance of rapeseed, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 1) preparation of seeds: the rapeseed seeds to be sown in production are routinely screened for use; 2) chemical Chemical treatment: Soak the selected rape seeds in 0.05% H ₂ O ₂ solution, soak the seeds for 4-8 hours at a room temperature of 20-25°C, and soak for 8-12 hours at a room temperature of 10-15°C, and then rinse them with tap water for several days. 3) dehydration and drying: place the treated seeds at room temperature, spread them out in a cool place and dry them in the shade for 1-5 days. After the water content of the seeds is reduced to the state before treatment, place them in sealed bags for future use. Tests have proved that the germination rate and germination index of the rapeseed treated by the invention are significantly higher than those of the untreated control under low temperature and adverse conditions, and the growth speed after germination is fast and robust.

Description

A seed treatment method for promoting germination of rapeseed and improving cold resistance of rapeseed

technical field

_The invention is a treatment method of soaking seeds in _H2O2 solution and returning to drying, specifically a seed treatment method for promoting the germination of rapeseed and improving the cold resistance of rapeseed, which can promote the germination and growth of rapeseed at low temperature, and belongs to crop science, seed field of study.

Background technique

Rapeseed is an important oilseed crop in China, and the Yangtze River Basin is an important rapeseed producing area in China and even in the world. Traditional rapeseed production is mainly based on seedling cultivation and transplanting, which requires a lot of labor, high cost and low income. Due to its labor-saving and cost-saving, live rapeseed has developed and promoted rapidly in the Yangtze River Basin. However, the former crops in this area are dominated by japonica rice with a longer growth period, which makes the subsequent rapeseed sow late and is prone to low temperature damage, resulting in low seedling emergence rate in the field, slow seedling emergence, and thin seedling growth, which limits the development of direct seeding rapeseed. Therefore, it is of great significance to promote the germination of rapeseed seeds and the growth of seedlings under low temperature conditions for the production and development of direct seeding rapeseed.

The period from sowing to emergence is the period when seeds are most vulnerable to adverse soil environment. Shortening this period may increase the emergence rate in the field and improve the population structure of crops. Seed soaking is a common seed treatment technology in production. It can increase the cracking of seed germination holes, enhance ventilation, activate the activity of invertase in seeds, and enhance seed vitality. It is also conducive to the elution of seed germination inhibitors and promotes seed germination. tidy. In field production, seeds are sown directly after soaking. In case of dry weather, the germinated seeds will germinate and lose their ability to germinate, causing great harm to production. The treatment of moisture absorption and drying can not only retain the advantages of soaking seeds, but also avoid the harm caused by the re-sprouting of seeds germinated in the field. The moisture absorption-back drying treatment of seeds is to carry out the physiological and biochemical metabolism and repair function of pre-germination after the seeds absorb a certain amount of water, and then dehydrate and dry them to the original water content. After the moisture absorption-back drying treatment, once there is sufficient rainfall and suitable temperature, the seeds can quickly absorb water and germinate, and the germination is fast and neat. H ₂ O ₂ is a small molecular substance. It is not only a disinfectant, but also a plant stress signal molecule. When the concentration is low, it can be used as a stress signal molecule to initiate a series of physiological and biochemical reactions in plants and improve plant resistance. Sex, promote the germination and growth of rapeseed at low temperature. Because the treatment method is simple and effective, and the volume of the rapeseed is small, the dosage per mu is not large, so it has wide application prospects in the field of rapeseed production.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a seed treatment method that promotes the germination of rapeseed and improves the cold resistance of rapeseed, improves the germination potential and germination rate of direct seeding rapeseed, and forms early seedlings, uniform seedlings and strong seedlings, so as to solve the problem of producing direct seeding rapeseed. Especially the problems of low seed germination rate, slow seedling emergence and irregular seedling emergence of late-sown rapeseed at low temperature.

Technical solution: In order to achieve the above purpose, a seed treatment method for promoting the germination of rapeseed and improving the cold resistance of rapeseed comprises the following steps:

1) Preparation of seeds: Rapeseed seeds prepared for sowing in production, after conventional screening, for standby;

2) Chemical agent treatment: Soak the selected rapeseed seeds in 0.05% H ₂ O ₂ solution, soak the seeds for 4-8 hours at a room temperature of 20-25°C, and soak for 8-12 hours at a room temperature of 10-15°C, and then use Rinse with tap water several times;

3) Dehydration and drying: place the treated seeds at room temperature, spread them out in a cool place and dry them in the shade for 1-5 days. After the water content of the seeds decreases to the state before treatment, store them in sealed bags for later use.

The weight ratio of H ₂ O ₂ in the H ₂ O ₂ solution is 0.05%, and the rest is distilled water.

Beneficial effect:

1) The invention has the advantages of low investment, simple operation and obvious effect, can promote the germination of rapeseed, and make the rapeseed emerge early, uniform, uniform and strong.

2) This treatment method is conducive to the rapid germination of rapeseed at low temperature and enhances its cold resistance.

3) The test proves that the germination rate and germination index of the rapeseed treated by the present invention are significantly higher than those of the untreated control under low temperature and adverse conditions, and the growth rate after germination is fast and robust.

4) The method of the present invention effectively improves the cold resistance of rapeseed and promotes the germination and later growth of rapeseed, which is especially suitable for the production of rapeseed in areas with poor soil conditions and late sowing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 Comparison of the growth status of different seed treatments at a low temperature of 10°C.

Fig. 2 Comparison of the effects of different seed treatments on the germination of rapeseed seeds under the low temperature condition of 4°C.

Fig. 3 Flowchart of rapeseed treatment.

Fig. 4 Comparison of the growth status of rapeseed in the field after treatment.

Detailed ways

A seed treatment method for promoting germination of rapeseed and improving cold resistance of rapeseed, comprising the following steps:

1) Preparation of seeds: Rapeseed seeds prepared for sowing in production, after conventional screening, for standby;

2) Chemical agent treatment: Soak the selected rapeseed seeds in 0.05% H ₂ O ₂ solution, soak the seeds for 4-8 hours at a room temperature of 20-25°C, and soak for 8-12 hours at a room temperature of 10-15°C, and then use Rinse with tap water several times;

3) Dehydration and drying: place the treated seeds at room temperature, spread them out in a cool place and dry them in the shade for 1-5 days. After the water content of the seeds decreases to the state before treatment, store them in sealed bags for later use.

The weight ratio of H ₂ O ₂ in the H ₂ O ₂ solution is 0.05%, and the rest is distilled water.

Example 1

Take 100g of rapeseed seeds with full grains and similar size, soak them in 0.05% H ₂ O ₂ solution at about 25°C for 8 hours, and then wash them with clean water. Let it dry in a cool place for 3 days, then store it in a sealed bag for later use. The treated seeds were sown by conventional methods.

Example 2

Take 150g of rape seeds with plump grains and similar size, soak them in 0.05% H ₂ O ₂ solution at about 15°C for 12 hours, and then wash them with clean water. Let it dry in a cool place for 4 days, and then store it in a sealed bag for later use. The treated seeds were sown by conventional methods.

Test example 1

With Rapeseed Variety Nannongyou No. 4 as material, the seeds are treated with the method of the present invention, and the untreated seeds are used as a contrast, and the treated seeds are placed in a 9 cm petri dish with a diameter of two layers of wet filter paper in advance. 50 seeds in each petri dish were placed in light incubators at 10°C and 25°C to germinate, and the germination rate and germination index were counted after one week. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Effects of different treatments on germination of rapeseed under low temperature stress

As shown in Table 1, the germination rate, germination index, and relative germination index of untreated rapeseeds are significantly reduced at low temperatures, and the germination traits of the seeds treated in Example 1 are significantly higher than those of the control seeds at low temperatures, and some indicators are even the same as those at normal temperature. The indicators under the conditions are close.

Test example 2

With the rapeseed variety Nannongyou No. 4 (cold-resistant variety) and Zhongshuang No. 11 (cold-resistant variety) as materials, the method of the present invention is used to treat the seeds, and the untreated seeds are used as contrast, and the processed The seeds were placed in a 9 cm diameter petri dish with two layers of wet filter paper in advance, and 50 seeds per petri dish were germinated in a light incubator at 4°C. After 5 days, the germination rate and germination index were counted, and the results are shown in Table 2 shown.

Table 2 Effects of different seed treatments on germination of rapeseed under low temperature stress

The results in Figure 2 show that H ₂ O ₂ seed soaking and back-drying treatment has a significant effect on the germination rate and germination index of rapeseed at low temperature, especially Zhongshuang 11, which has weak cold resistance, and has increased by 2.88 and 2.89 times, respectively, while the cold resistance is strong Nannongyou No. 4 increased by 4.9% and 32.7%. It can be seen from Figure 2 that although there is little difference in the germination rate of Nannongyou _{No. 4} among the treatments, there are obvious differences in the growth of the seedlings. Rapid, seedlings are large and robust. Based on the performance of the two varieties, H ₂ O ₂ treatment could not only improve the germination ability of seeds at low temperature, but also benefit the growth of seedlings after germination.

Test example 3

Using Zhongshuang No. 11 (sensitive type) and Nannongyou No. 4 (cold-resistant type) as materials, pot experiments were carried out on late-seeding rapeseed in 2013-014 and 2014-2015 after being treated by this method (soaking seeds in clear water was used as the control) , in the mature stage test species. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Effects of different seed treatments on the agronomic traits and yield of rapeseed under the condition of late sowing

Test example 4

Taking Qinyou No. 10 as the material, a field experiment was carried out after being treated by this method, with three repetitions, arranged in random blocks, and the yield was tested at the maturity stage. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Effects of different seed treatments on the agronomic traits and yield of Qinyou 10

The results in Table 3 and Table 4 show that the number of effective branches, the number of siliques per plant and the yield per plant of each rapeseed variety in different years after H ₂ O ₂ moisture absorption and back-drying treatment all increased significantly. Under live broadcast conditions, the oil per unit area yield can be significantly increased.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. promote that rape is sprouted and improves the cold resistant method for treating seeds of rape, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) preparation of seed: rape seed production preparing sowing, for subsequent use after routine screening;

2) Chemical treatment: by selected rear rape seed, soak seed in the H of 0.05% ₂o ₂in solution, seed soaking 4-8h during room temperature 20-25 DEG C, then soak seed during 10-15 DEG C 8-12h, subsequently with tap water several;

3) dehydrate: by the seed after process, under being placed in room temperature condition, spread in shady and cool place the 1-5 days that dries in the shade out, reduce after the front state of process until seed moisture content, be placed in sealed bag and save backup.

2. promotion rape according to claim 1 is sprouted and is improved the cold resistant method for treating seeds of rape, it is characterized in that described H ₂o ₂h in solution ₂o ₂weight ratio is 0.05%, and remainder is distilled water.