CN105087128A - Lubricant for natural casings and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lubricant for natural casings and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105087128A CN105087128A CN201510386775.1A CN201510386775A CN105087128A CN 105087128 A CN105087128 A CN 105087128A CN 201510386775 A CN201510386775 A CN 201510386775A CN 105087128 A CN105087128 A CN 105087128A
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- lubricant
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- natural casing
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004147 Sorbitan trioleate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical group CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-6-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O BVCOHOSEBKQIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dibutyl-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1CCCC SPSPIUSUWPLVKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010699 lard oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010692 aromatic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 tert-butyl hydroxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 4
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZBNRGEMZNWHCGA-PDKVEDEMSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-bis[[(z)-octadec-9-enoyl]oxy]oxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC ZBNRGEMZNWHCGA-PDKVEDEMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001647 gastrula Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a lubricant for natural casings and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the lubricant for the natural casings is composed of the following components by mass: 1 to 10% of a surfactant, 0.2 to 4% of animal and vegetable oils, 0.5 to 5% of mineral oil, 8% to 15% of glycerol and 0 to 2% of ingredients, with the balance being water. The method comprises the following steps: removing contents in original intestines and then carrying out watering and soaking, and fully infiltrating the intestines into the lubricant so as to promote infiltration and adsorption; thus, lubrication effects are obtained, and breakage of casing products in processing process is greatly reduced. The lubricant provided by the invention has low cost, is convenient to prepare, improves operability of the intestines, reduces economic loss and can be widely applied in production of the natural casings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural casing processing, and particularly relates to a natural casing lubricant and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The intestine is divided into mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa 4 layers from inside to outside. The natural casing is a thin tough and semitransparent sausage prepared from fresh intestine of livestock by processing to remove extra-intestinal adipose tissue, serosa and mucosa. When processing sausage casing, the parts of the sausage tube are separated, the mesentery and the extra-intestinal fat are removed after the intestinal content is removed, and finally the intestinal mucosa is scraped. Because the fat of the intestines is removed and the lubricating effect is reduced, the damage of the primitive intestines is easily caused in the operation process, and particularly, the intestinal wall is easily scratched if the internal and external lubrication degree of the primitive intestines is not good in the intestine scraping stage. The proper force of a scraper or the proper adjustment of the distance between two shafts of a membrane removing machine during the intestine scraping is ensured, so as to prevent the intestinal wall from scraping or tearing the outside of the intestine; more importantly, the original sausage is lubricated, and particularly, when the salt casings of pigs and sheep are processed, only submucosa is kept, so that the salt casings are very thin, the lubricating treatment is needed, and the convenience of subsequent operation is improved.
US4062981 and US3451827 disclose a method and corresponding apparatus for casing lubrication, but mainly aim at artificial casings, such as collagen casings, and require special folding equipment, which requires large investment. However, no relevant report and patent is found for the lubrication treatment of natural casings. Therefore, the sausage casing lubricant with good compatibility with the original sausage is developed, and the sausage casing lubricant is vital to reducing the damage of the sausage in the process of scraping the sausage, facilitating the measurement and inspection operation, improving the convenience of the later sausage filling process and improving the production efficiency in the whole processing process of the natural sausage casing.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or other problems with existing natural casing lubricants, methods of formulation and applications.
Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a natural casing lubricant, which is composed of surfactant, animal and vegetable oil, mineral oil, glycerin, water and ingredients in a certain ratio.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a natural casing lubricant comprises, by mass, 1-10% of a surfactant, 0.2-4% of animal and vegetable oil, 0.5-5% of mineral oil, 8-15% of glycerol, 0-2% of an ingredient and the balance of water; wherein the surfactant is sorbitan trioleate and/or sorbitan monooleate; the animal and vegetable oil is one or more of lard oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower seed oil and acetylated derivatives thereof; the mineral oil is one or more of food-grade paraffin oil, naphthenic oil and aromatic oil; the ingredients are one or more of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroxy anisol, propyl gallate, calcium sulfate, sodium polyphosphate, lactic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the like.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 3.2% of sorbitan trioleate, 4.8% of sorbitan monooleate, 2% of soybean oil, 1% of food-grade paraffin oil, 1% of ingredients and 12% of glycerol aqueous solution.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.2% of lactic acid.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 4% of sorbitan trioleate, 4% of sorbitan monooleate, 2.5% of corn oil, 0.5% of food-grade aromatic paraffin oil, 0.5% of ingredients and 15% of glycerol aqueous solution.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1% of lactic acid.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 5.6% of sorbitan trioleate, 2.4% of sorbitan monooleate, 1% of lard, 2% of food-grade paraffin oil, 1% of ingredients and 8% of glycerol aqueous solution.
As a preferable aspect of the natural casing lubricant according to the present invention, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.2% of lactic acid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a natural casing lubricant which aims to obtain a homogeneous and stable lubricant by simple handling, without flocculation stratification occurring for at least 12 hours.
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a preparation method of a natural casing lubricant comprises the steps of mixing a surfactant, animal and vegetable oil, mineral oil, glycerol, ingredients and water according to a formula ratio, stirring, shearing at a high speed of 5-10 min at a speed of 5000-10000 rpm, and fully mixing to form an O/W emulsion type lubricant.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the use of a natural casing lubricant to promote good adsorption of the lubricant onto the sausage skin and to reduce or avoid damage to the sausage skin during processing.
To solve the above technical problem, according to still another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the application of the natural casing lubricant is used for lubricating natural casings, and after contents are removed, water is filled, washed and soaked, the original casings are soaked in the lubricant for 10-20 min, and then subsequent treatment is carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the prepared lubricant has good compatibility with intestines, firstly, the prepared O/W emulsion lubricant can be well dispersed on the inner wall of the intestines at the infiltration stage of the primitive intestines, and the surfactant plays a role in lubrication; when the sausage is scraped, the emulsion is damaged, the internal grease is released and uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the sausage casing, and the damage of the sausage casing in the intestine scraping stage is reduced; the residual fat then adsorbs well to the surface of the casing, despite washing of the intestine with fresh water. Therefore, the lubricant can be well permeated and adsorbed, the lubrication degree of the sausage is obviously improved, the breakage rate in the sausage casing production process is reduced to be less than 2%, and the production efficiency and the operability are improved;
(2) the formula of the lubricant can be adjusted according to actual needs so as to meet the lubrication degree required by different raw intestines during production, the lubricant formula with lower viscosity is selected for pig and cattle raw intestines with rough surfaces and hard texture, the lubricant formula with higher viscosity is selected for sheep raw intestines with thinner and tender texture and softer tissue structure, and inconvenient operation caused by excessive smoothness is avoided;
(3) the antioxidant added in the ingredients is an antioxidant which is allowed to be used in the national standard GB2760-2011, and in the limited range, such as dibutyl hydroxy toluene (0.2g/kg), tert-butyl hydroxy anisole (0.2g/kg) and propyl gallate (0.1g/kg), adverse effects on a human body are avoided, the antioxidant can permeate and adsorb on the intestinal wall while playing a lubricating role, the oxidation of residual fat of the raw intestine can be inhibited, the influence of external environmental conditions on the intestine casing can be effectively overcome to a certain extent, and the quality of the intestine casing is improved;
(4) the preparation process is simple and suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of varying ratios of sorbitan trioleate (Span85) to sorbitan monooleate (Span80) on the viscosity of the resulting lubricant in example 3;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of varying ratios of sorbitan trioleate (Span85) to sorbitan monooleate (Span80) on the particle size of the resulting lubricant in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Different from the traditional solvent-based lubricant, the novel O/W emulsion-type lubricant is used in the patent, and before intestine scraping, an emulsifier in the emulsion plays a role in lubrication; when the intestines are scraped, the emulsifier and the grease released inside play a role in lubrication; after scraping the intestine, the remaining released fat acts as a lubricant ensuring lubrication throughout the preparation of the casing. For lubricants, viscosity is of great importance, and the spreading rate and quality of the lubricant on the surface of the sausage casing are directly influenced. During the preparation of the emulsion, the types of the emulsifier, the types of the oil phase and the proportion of the emulsifier play a significant role in the viscosity of the emulsion and influence the formation and the stability of the emulsion.
Experiments show that different emulsifiers have limited capability of independently reducing the interfacial tension of an oil-water interface, and two or more emulsifiers are usually compounded for obtaining stable emulsion, so that the prepared emulsion has different viscosities; in addition, the oil phase property has great influence on the emulsion of the emulsifier, and the selection of proper oil is important for preparing the emulsion with proper viscosity. Meanwhile, the viscosity of the oil phase also influences the lubricating effect during or after the intestine is scraped, the viscosity is too low, the fluidity is large, the adhesion is not facilitated, the viscosity of the oil phase is too high, the dispersion is not facilitated, and the good lubricating effect cannot be achieved; further, the compounding ratio of the emulsifiers and the compounding ratio of the grease influence the viscosity of the emulsifiers, the oil phase and the prepared emulsion. Therefore, when the emulsifier type lubricant is prepared, the selection of the type of the proper emulsifier, the type of the oil phase and the proportion are not required to be considered, so that the preparation of the lubricant with proper viscosity is crucial, the problems that the viscosity is too high, the spreading cannot be well caused and a good lubricating effect cannot be achieved are avoided; the viscosity is too small, the adhesion is not easy, the operation is inconvenient, and the good lubricating effect can not be achieved.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of the lubricant: after 3.2% of sorbitan trioleate, 4.8% of sorbitan monooleate, 2% of soybean oil, 1% of food-grade paraffin oil and 1% of ingredients (0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.2% of lactic acid) are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is added into an aqueous solution containing 12% of glycerol and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is dispersed at a high speed of 10000rpm for 5min to obtain the emulsion type lubricant. Wherein, the viscosity of the soybean oil and the food-grade paraffin oil after being mixed is 3.5Pa.s, and the viscosity of the prepared lubricant is 0.05 Pa.s.
(2) Infiltrating: removing the content, irrigating, washing, soaking, and infiltrating pig intestine with the lubricant prepared in step (1) for 10 min.
The breakage rate of the pig casing is reduced from the initial 10 percent to less than 1 percent.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of the lubricant: 4% of sorbitan trioleate, 4% of sorbitan monooleate, 2.5% of corn oil, 0.5% of food-grade aromatic paraffin oil and 0.5% of ingredients (0.2% of dibutylhydroxytoluene, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1% of lactic acid) are mixed and stirred uniformly, then the mixture is added into an aqueous solution containing 15% of glycerol and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is dispersed at a high speed of 10000rpm for 10min to obtain the lubricant, wherein the viscosity of the mixture of the corn oil and the food-grade aromatic hydrocarbon oil is 2.5Pa.s, and the viscosity of the prepared lubricant is 0.04 Pa.s.
(2) Infiltrating: removing the content, irrigating, washing, soaking, and soaking the bovine intestine in the lubricant prepared in the step (1) for 15 min.
The breakage rate of the cattle sausage casing is reduced from the initial 8 percent to less than 0.5 percent.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of the lubricant: after 5.6% of sorbitan trioleate, 2.4% of sorbitan monooleate, 1% of lard oil, 2% of food-grade paraffin oil and 1% of ingredients (0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.2% of lactic acid) are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is added into an aqueous solution containing 8% of glycerol and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is dispersed at a high speed of 10000rpm for 5min to obtain the emulsion type lubricant. Wherein, the viscosity of the mixture of lard and food-grade paraffin oil is 6Pa.s, and the viscosity of the prepared lubricant is 0.09Pa.s.
(2) Infiltrating: removing the content, irrigating, washing, soaking, and soaking the sheep intestine in the lubricant prepared in step (1) for 20 min.
The damage rate of the sheep sausage casing is reduced from the initial 15 percent to less than 2 percent.
Example 4
(1) Preparation of the lubricant: after 4.8% of sorbitan trioleate, 3.2% of sorbitan monooleate, 2% of sunflower seed oil, 1% of food-grade paraffin oil and 1% of ingredients (0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.2% of lactic acid) are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is added into a water solution containing 12% of glycerol and stirred uniformly, and the mixture is dispersed at a high speed of 10000rpm for 5min to obtain the emulsion type lubricant. Wherein, the viscosity of the soybean oil and the food-grade paraffin oil after being mixed is 3.5Pa.s, and the viscosity of the prepared lubricant is 0.07 Pa.s.
(2) Infiltrating: removing the content, irrigating, washing, soaking, and infiltrating pig intestine with the lubricant prepared in step (1) for 10 min.
The breakage rate of the pig casing is reduced from the initial 10 percent to less than 1.5 percent.
Example 5
(1) The lubricants prepared in example 1, example 2 and example 3 were applied to the primitive gut, and an adsorption permeation experiment was performed, specifically, the measurement method was: intercepting a certain mass of the primitive gut (m)0) The prepared lubricant was soaked for various times, taken out, carefully wiped off the lubricant on the surface of the primitive intestine with filter paper, and weighed (m)1) And calculating the adsorption rate according to the mass difference before and after the original intestine, and calculating the formula: adsorption rate (%) < 100 × (m)1-m0)/m0. The result shows that the lubricant can be well adsorbed on the protogut to play a lubricating role in the protogut infiltration process.
TABLE 1 absorption rate of the protogut after different time of infiltration in the lubricants prepared in examples 1, 2, 3.
(2) The casings were desalted by washing with water before sausage filling, and the contents of sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monooleate, food grade paraffin oil, dibutylhydroxytoluene, t-butylhydroxyanisole, propyl gallate, calcium sulfate, sodium polyphosphate, lactic acid and the like in the casings treated with the lubricants prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 were measured in order to evaluate the residues of the respective components of the lubricants in the casings. Wherein the animal and vegetable oil is food source and is not measured. As can be seen from the data analysis, after the water washing and the desalination, the residual components of the lubricant in the casing for use are completely within the safe range, and do not have harmful effect on human body.
Determination of the content of sorbitan trioleate (Span85) and sorbitan monooleate (Span 80): weighing a certain amount of casing, adding n-hexane, mashing in a high-speed mashing machine, leaching, filtering, and measuring by using gas chromatography under the separation condition that the flow rate of carrier gas (helium) is 35 mL/min; the split ratio is 7; the column temperature was increased from 140 ℃ to 230 ℃ at a rate of 5 ℃/min. And kept at 230 ℃ for 5 min.
Food-grade paraffin oil content determination: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding ethanol, soaking and filtering. Mashing with diethyl ether in a high-speed mashing machine, leaching, filtering, placing the filtrate in an evaporation bottle, volatilizing the solvent with a rotary evaporator, and adding n-hexane for dissolving. Using gas chromatography assay, chromatographic conditions: the split ratio is 1:20, the pressure in front of the column is 120kPa, the flow rate is 2.1mL/mim, and the heating mode is as follows: after the initial temperature of 290 ℃ is maintained for 20min, the temperature is raised to 310 ℃ at a rate of 10 ℃/min and maintained for 15min, and a FID detector is used.
Determination of dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT) content: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding acetonitrile, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and determining the content of the dibutyl hydroxy toluene by referring to GBT/T17814-2011.
Determination of the content of tert-Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA): weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding petroleum ether, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and measuring the content of the tert-butyl hydroxyanisole by referring to GBT/T17814-2011.
Measuring the content of Propyl Gallate (PG): weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding petroleum ether, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and determining the content of propyl gallate by referring to GBT 5009.32-2003.
And (3) measuring the content of calcium sulfate: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, mashing and leaching in a high-speed pounder, and determining the content of calcium sulfate according to GB 1892-2007.
And (3) measuring the content of the sodium polyphosphate: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding water, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and determining the content of the sodium polyphosphate by using ion chromatography according to GB/T30906-2014.
And (3) measuring the content of lactic acid: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding water, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and determining the content of lactic acid according to SN/T2007-2007.
And (3) measuring the content of lactic acid: weighing a certain amount of sausage casing, adding trichloromethane/acetic acid solution, mashing and leaching in a high-speed mashing machine, and determining the content of free glycerol according to GB/T22328-2008.
TABLE 2 Lubricant-treated casings prepared in examples 1, 2, 3, the residual amounts of each lubricant composition prior to washing with water for desalting sausage.
Example 6
(1) After the lubricant-impregnated sausage prepared in example 1, example 2, example 3 and example 4 was packed and stored for 1 month, the acid value and the peroxide value were measured by the analytical method of GBT5009.37-2003 edible vegetable oil hygiene standard. From the test results, the oxidation index of the lubricant-treated casings (examples 1, 2 and 3) was reduced to some extent compared to the blank control, since the lubricant ingredients contained a certain amount of antioxidant; and the oxidation index decreases more with the increase of the ingredient content, but the oxidation index of the sausage casing obtained in the example 4 is equivalent to or slightly increased compared with that of the blank control, so if the selection of the grease is not proper, the quality of the sausage casing is affected, and the protection effect is not achieved.
Table 3 change in oxidation index after lubricant treatment in examples 1, 2, 3, where the blank control is a casing that was not soaked with lubricant and each index is measured after 1 month storage of the casing.
Example 7
(1) In order to meet the lubrication degree required in the production of different types of primitive intestines, different lubrication effects, namely different viscosity sizes, can be obtained by adjusting the formula of the lubricant. Taking example 3 as an example, the ratio of sorbitan trioleate (Span85) to sorbitan monooleate (Span80) (total concentration is 10%) was adjusted to achieve the adjustment and control of lubricant viscosity. The corresponding lubricants were prepared in the ratio of 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, respectively, and the rotational rheometer (TAARG2) was used for 100s-1The corresponding viscosity values were determined at shear rate and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
(2) The prepared emulsion type lubricant needs to be used and mixed with water for practical use so as to meet the industrial production requirement. Now, taking each lubricant prepared in (1) above as an example, the stability of the lubricant was evaluated by particle size measurement and visual observation after dilution by different factors (50, 100, 500, 1000, 20000).
And (3) particle size measurement: the lubricant particle size at each dilution was measured using a MalvernNano-Zs90 particle size Analyzer. The He/Ne laser had a scattering angle of 173 ℃ and a wavelength of 633 nm. About 1.5ml of the sample to be tested was placed in a polystyrene cuvette, the test temperature was set at 25. + -. 0.1 ℃ and the equilibration time was set at 1min, and the assay was repeated three times for each sample. The particle size change under each dilution multiple is shown in figure 2. the detection result shows that the particle size of each lubricant under each dilution multiple has no significant change and is not divided into phenomena by visual observation, which indicates that the prepared emulsion type lubricant can meet the industrialized requirement by dilution in the actual use.
In conclusion, the invention provides the lubricant for the natural sausage casing, which is prepared by mixing, stirring and high-speed shearing the surfactant, the animal and vegetable oil, the mineral oil, the glycerol, the water and other ingredients according to a certain proportion, and the damage of the sausage casing in the process of scraping the sausage and the like is greatly improved. The invention relies on the emulsifier in the emulsion to play a lubricating role before the intestine is scraped; when the intestines are scraped, the emulsifier and the grease released inside play a role in lubrication; after the intestines are scraped, the residual released grease has a lubricating effect, so that the lubrication in the whole casing preparation process is ensured, the finally prepared lubricant can well permeate and adsorb to the inner and outer intestinal walls to play a role in lubrication protection, the formula of the lubricant can be adjusted according to actual requirements, the lubricants with different viscosities can be obtained so as to meet the lubricating degrees required in the production of the raw intestines from different sources, wherein the surfaces of the raw intestines of pigs and cows are rough, the texture is hard, and oil phases and emulsions with low viscosities are prepared, while the raw intestines of sheep are thin, tender, soft in tissue structures, and oil phases and emulsions with high viscosities are prepared, so that the operation is convenient. In addition, the antioxidant added in the ingredients of the invention, such as dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroxy anisole, propyl gallate and the like, can also inhibit the oxidation of residual fat of the original intestine by osmotic adsorption on the intestinal wall, effectively overcomes the influence of external environmental conditions on the intestine to a certain extent, and improves the quality of the intestine.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A natural casing lubricant characterized by: the composite material comprises, by mass percentage,
1-10% of surfactant, 0.2-4% of animal and vegetable oil, 0.5-5% of mineral oil, 8-15% of glycerol, 0-2% of ingredients and the balance of water; wherein,
the surfactant is sorbitan trioleate and/or sorbitan monooleate;
the animal and vegetable oil is one or more of lard oil, soybean oil, corn oil, sunflower seed oil and acetylated derivatives thereof;
the mineral oil is one or more of food-grade paraffin oil, naphthenic oil and aromatic oil;
the ingredients are one or more of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroxy anisol, propyl gallate, calcium sulfate, sodium polyphosphate, lactic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the like.
2. The natural casing lubricant of claim 1, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 3.2% of sorbitan trioleate, 4.8% of sorbitan monooleate, 2% of soybean oil, 1% of food-grade paraffin oil, 1% of ingredients and 12% of glycerol aqueous solution.
3. The natural casing lubricant of claim 2, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.2% of lactic acid.
4. The natural casing lubricant of claim 1, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 4% of sorbitan trioleate, 4% of sorbitan monooleate, 2.5% of corn oil, 0.5% of food-grade aromatic paraffin oil, 0.5% of ingredients and 15% of glycerol aqueous solution.
5. The natural casing lubricant of claim 4, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of dibutyl hydroxy toluene, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of sodium polyphosphate and 0.1% of lactic acid.
6. The natural casing lubricant of claim 1, wherein: the oil-in-water emulsion comprises, by mass, 5.6% of sorbitan trioleate, 2.4% of sorbitan monooleate, 1% of lard, 2% of food-grade paraffin oil, 1% of ingredients and 8% of glycerol aqueous solution.
7. The natural casing lubricant of claim 6, wherein: the ingredients comprise 0.2% of butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.2% of tert-butyl hydroxyanisole, 0.1% of propyl gallate, 0.1% of calcium sulfate, 0.2% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.2% of lactic acid.
8. A method of preparing a natural casing lubricant according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: mixing a surfactant, animal and vegetable oil, mineral oil, glycerol, an ingredient and water according to a formula ratio, stirring, shearing at a high speed of 5-10 min at a speed of 5000-10000 rpm, and fully mixing to form the O/W emulsion type lubricant.
9. Use of a natural casing lubricant according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the natural sausage casing lubricant is used for lubricating natural sausage casings, after contents are removed, water filling, washing and soaking are carried out, the original sausage is soaked into the lubricant for 10-20 min, and then subsequent treatment is carried out.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116508850A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-08-01 | 维斯克凡科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of lubricating vegetable oil composition for cellulose sausage casing |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3451827A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1969-06-24 | Tee Pak Inc | Method of coating the interior of a sausage casing |
| US4062981A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1977-12-13 | Teepak, Inc. | Humidifying and shirring artificial sausage casing |
| US4062980A (en) * | 1976-03-22 | 1977-12-13 | Teepak, Inc. | Humidifying and shirring edible collagen sausage casing |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510386775.1A patent/CN105087128B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3451827A (en) * | 1965-11-22 | 1969-06-24 | Tee Pak Inc | Method of coating the interior of a sausage casing |
| US4062981A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1977-12-13 | Teepak, Inc. | Humidifying and shirring artificial sausage casing |
| US4062981B1 (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1987-07-14 | ||
| US4062980A (en) * | 1976-03-22 | 1977-12-13 | Teepak, Inc. | Humidifying and shirring edible collagen sausage casing |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116508850A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-08-01 | 维斯克凡科技（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of lubricating vegetable oil composition for cellulose sausage casing |
| CN116508850B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2024-12-31 | 维斯克凡科技（苏州）有限公司 | Lubricating vegetable oil composition for cellulose casing |
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