CN105084808B - A kind of raw soil material special powder waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of raw soil material special powder waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于建筑材料及助剂领域，涉及一种粉末防水剂.一种粉末防水剂的组分及各组分的质量份为：硬脂酸盐70～80份，木质素磺酸钠5～8份，增强纤维9～15份，有机硅粉末憎水剂6～9份，硬脂酸盐是硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的混合物，其中硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的质量比为3:2，增强纤维为短切玻璃纤维，粉末防水剂在生土材料中的添加量为生土材料重量的3％。本发明还提供了一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：(1)准确称量除增强纤维以外的所有其他组分，加入混合机中混合均匀；(2)将增强纤维加入步骤(1)得到的混合物中，搅拌混合均匀，即得粉末防水剂。本发明粉末防水剂可应用于生土材料中用以提高生土材料的防水性能。The invention belongs to the field of building materials and additives, and relates to a powder waterproofing agent. The components of a powder waterproofing agent and the parts by mass of each component are: 70-80 parts of stearate, 5-80 parts of sodium lignosulfonate 8 parts, 9-15 parts of reinforcing fiber, 6-9 parts of silicone powder water repellent, stearate is a mixture of calcium stearate and zinc stearate, the mass of calcium stearate and zinc stearate The ratio is 3:2, the reinforcing fiber is chopped glass fiber, and the amount of powder waterproofing agent added to the raw soil material is 3% of the weight of the raw soil material. The present invention also provides a preparation method of a special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, which includes the following steps: (1) accurately weigh all other components except reinforcing fibers, add them into a mixer and mix them evenly; (2) mix the reinforced Add the fiber into the mixture obtained in step (1), stir and mix evenly to obtain the powder waterproofing agent. The powder waterproofing agent of the invention can be applied to raw earth materials to improve the waterproof performance of the raw earth materials.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于建筑材料及助剂领域，涉及一种粉末防水剂，具体涉及一种应用于生土材料中以提高其防水性能的粉末防水剂。The invention belongs to the field of building materials and additives, and relates to a powder waterproofing agent, in particular to a powder waterproofing agent applied to raw soil materials to improve its waterproof performance.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，由于不可再生资源的有限性和环境变化的双重压力，生土材料和生土建筑重新被人们所审视，目前，生土材料成为了国内外重点研究的热点之一。在建筑材料尤其是村镇建筑材料中，生土材料具有悠久的历史。生土材料是泛指未经过焙烧、仅仅经过简单加工的原状土质材料，用其建造的建筑称为生土建筑。生土建筑的存在超过10000年的历史，曾为世界文明的发展做出了重要贡献，至今全球仍有接近50％地区保存并依然在使用生土建筑，我国的黄土高原、东三省、内蒙等地也保留有生土建筑，其建筑形式有窑洞、土坯、夯土等，一些古老的生土建筑已成为中华文明的见证和历史瑰宝。In recent years, due to the dual pressure of limited non-renewable resources and environmental changes, earth materials and earth buildings have been re-examined by people. At present, earth materials have become one of the key research hotspots at home and abroad. Among building materials, especially village and town building materials, raw earth materials have a long history. Raw earth materials generally refer to the undisturbed earth materials that have not been roasted and only undergone simple processing. The buildings built with them are called raw earth buildings. The existence of raw earth buildings has a history of more than 10,000 years, and has made important contributions to the development of world civilization. Up to now, nearly 50% of the world still preserves and still uses raw earth buildings. my country's Loess Plateau, the three northeastern provinces, Inner Mongolia, etc. There are also adobe buildings in the land, and their architectural forms include cave dwellings, adobe, rammed earth, etc. Some ancient adobe buildings have become witnesses of Chinese civilization and historical treasures.
但是，由于传统生土材料强度低、脆性大、抗水性差，由此建造的生土建筑在抗震性、耐久性方面的问题一直没有很好地解决，生土材料的性能优化与综合利用研究技术有着广泛的需求。However, due to the low strength, high brittleness and poor water resistance of traditional raw soil materials, the problems of earthquake resistance and durability of the raw soil buildings constructed from this have not been well resolved. The performance optimization and comprehensive utilization of raw soil materials Technology has a wide range of needs.
鉴于此，本发明围绕生土材料的既存问题，着眼于提高生土材料的防水能力，通过研发防水性能优良的粉末防水剂，用于生土材料的防水改性，达到对生土材料的性能优化，使传统生土材料能够满足在低层和多层建筑中的使用要求，使其获得新生，推动传统建筑材料的可持续发展。In view of this, the present invention revolves around the existing problems of raw soil materials, focuses on improving the waterproof ability of raw soil materials, and develops a powder waterproofing agent with excellent waterproof performance for the waterproof modification of raw soil materials to achieve the performance of raw soil materials. Optimization, so that traditional raw earth materials can meet the requirements for use in low-rise and multi-storey buildings, give them a new life, and promote the sustainable development of traditional building materials.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种粉末防水剂，用以提高生土材料的防水性能，本发明粉末防水剂可掺加入生土材料中，制成防水性能优良的生土建筑材料。The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of powder waterproofing agent, in order to improve the waterproof performance of raw soil material, the powder waterproofing agent of the present invention can be mixed into raw soil material, make the raw soil building material of excellent waterproof performance.
为实现上述之目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂，它的组分及各组分的质量分数为：A special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, its components and the mass fraction of each component are:
优选的，所述的硬脂酸盐是硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的混合物，其中硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的质量比为3:2。Preferably, the stearate is a mixture of calcium stearate and zinc stearate, wherein the mass ratio of calcium stearate to zinc stearate is 3:2.
优选的，所述的增强纤维为短切玻璃纤维，纤维直径为9～13μm，长度为25～200mm。Preferably, the reinforcing fibers are chopped glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 9-13 μm and a length of 25-200 mm.
优选的，所述的粉末防水剂在生土材料中的添加量为生土材料重量的3％。Preferably, the added amount of the powder waterproofing agent in the raw soil material is 3% of the weight of the raw soil material.
本发明还提供了一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a preparation method of a special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, comprising the following steps:
(1)准确称量除增强纤维以外的所有其他组分，加入混合机中混合均匀；(1) Accurately weigh all other components except reinforcing fibers, add them to the mixer and mix them evenly;
(2)将增强纤维加入步骤(1)得到的混合物中，搅拌混合均匀，即得粉末防水剂。(2) Add reinforcing fibers to the mixture obtained in step (1), stir and mix evenly to obtain a powdered waterproofing agent.
本发明所具有的有益效果：The beneficial effects that the present invention has:
(1)本发明粉末防水剂配方简单，主要包括硬脂酸盐、憎水剂、木质素磺酸钠和增强纤维等组分，硬脂酸盐是硬脂酸钙和硬脂酸锌的混合物，具有较好的防水作用，再辅以少量有机硅憎水剂的协同防水作用，使该粉末防水剂达到高效防水之目的；木质素磺酸钠是一种憎水表面活性物质，同时还具有引气减水作用，可有效提高生土材料的抗渗性；增强纤维的加入可提高生土材料的力学性能；多种组分的合理搭配，使该粉末防水剂兼具防水、防渗、增强的作用；(1) The powder waterproofing agent formula of the present invention is simple, mainly comprises components such as stearate, water repellent, sodium lignosulfonate and reinforcing fiber, and stearate is the mixture of calcium stearate and zinc stearate , has a good waterproof effect, supplemented by the synergistic waterproof effect of a small amount of silicone water repellent, so that the powder waterproof agent can achieve the purpose of high-efficiency waterproof; sodium lignosulfonate is a hydrophobic surface active substance, and also has The air-entraining and water-reducing effect can effectively improve the impermeability of raw soil materials; the addition of reinforcing fibers can improve the mechanical properties of raw soil materials; the reasonable combination of various components makes the powder waterproofing agent both waterproof, anti-seepage, Enhanced effect;
(2)本发明粉末防水剂制备方法简单，成本低。(2) The preparation method of the powder waterproofing agent of the present invention is simple and low in cost.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但不限定本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples, but the protection scope of the present invention will not be limited.
实施例1Example 1
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂，它的组分及各组分的质量为：A special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, its components and the quality of each component are:
所述玻璃纤维为直径9～13μm、长度25～200mm的短切玻璃纤维。The glass fiber is chopped glass fiber with a diameter of 9-13 μm and a length of 25-200 mm.
所述有机硅粉末憎水剂为美国道康宁SHP50有机硅憎水剂。The organosilicon powder water repellent is American Dow Corning SHP50 organosilicon water repellent.
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂的制备方法，包括如下步骤：A preparation method of a special powder waterproofing agent for raw earth materials, comprising the steps of:
(1)准确称量除玻璃纤维以外的所有其他组分，加入混合机中混合均匀；(1) Accurately weigh all other components except glass fiber, add to the mixer and mix evenly;
(2)将玻璃纤维加入步骤(1)得到的混合物中，搅拌混合均匀，即得粉末防水剂。(2) Add glass fibers to the mixture obtained in step (1), stir and mix evenly to obtain a powder waterproofing agent.
为了说明本实施例粉末防水剂的性能，将该粉末防水剂添加入生土材料中，制备生土砌块，测试生土砌块的吸水率，用以表征本实施例粉末防水剂的防水性能。所述粉末防水剂在生土材料中的添加量为生土材料重量的3％，生土材料的组份及各组份的重量比为生土：生石灰：水泥：水＝60：3：3：16，将生土材料各组份准确称量，混合均匀，然后加入粉末防水剂，搅拌混合均匀，然后将混合料移入模具中，填满模具并压实，放入干燥箱中在60℃下干燥6h后脱模制成生土砌块坯体，最后将坯体放入干燥箱中在60℃下干燥12h，制得生土砌块。测试生土砌块吸水率的步骤包括：称量生土砌块质量记为M，放入水中浸泡，水面高出砌块上表面2cm，120min后取出试样，擦干外表面，称其质量并标记为M120，按照下式计算得到生土砌块的吸水率，用以表征本实施例粉末防水剂的防水性能。In order to illustrate the performance of the powder waterproofing agent of this example, the powder waterproofing agent is added to the raw soil material to prepare a raw soil block, and the water absorption of the raw soil block is tested to characterize the waterproof performance of the powder waterproofing agent of this example . The added amount of the powder waterproofing agent in the raw soil material is 3% of the weight of the raw soil material, the components of the raw soil material and the weight ratio of each component are raw soil: quicklime: cement: water = 60: 3: 3 : 16. Accurately weigh each component of the raw soil material, mix evenly, then add powder waterproofing agent, stir and mix evenly, then move the mixture into the mold, fill the mold and compact it, put it in a drying oven at 60°C After drying for 6 hours, the raw soil block body was demoulded, and finally the green body was put into a drying oven and dried at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain a raw soil block. The steps for testing the water absorption of the raw soil block include: weighing the mass of the raw soil block and recording it as M, soaking it in water, the water surface is 2 cm above the upper surface of the block, taking out the sample after 120 minutes, drying the outer surface, and weighing its mass And marked as M 120 , the water absorption rate of the raw soil block is calculated according to the following formula, which is used to characterize the waterproof performance of the powder waterproofing agent of this embodiment.
吸水率(％)的计算公式如下：The calculation formula of water absorption (%) is as follows:
测试结果显示：加入3％粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率为1.2％，而不加粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率高达23.2％，说明本实施例粉末防水剂的加入提高了生土材料的防水性能。The test result shows: the water absorption rate of the raw soil block that adds 3% powder waterproofing agent is 1.2%, and the water absorption rate of the raw soil block without powder waterproofing agent is as high as 23.2%, illustrates that the adding of powder waterproofing agent of this embodiment improves Improve the waterproof performance of raw soil materials.
实施例2Example 2
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂，它的组分及各组分的质量为：A special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, its components and the quality of each component are:
所述玻璃纤维为直径9～13μm、长度25～200mm的短切玻璃纤维。The glass fiber is chopped glass fiber with a diameter of 9-13 μm and a length of 25-200 mm.
所述有机硅粉末憎水剂为美国道康宁SHP50有机硅憎水剂。The organosilicon powder water repellent is American Dow Corning SHP50 organosilicon water repellent.
粉末防水剂制备方法、生土砌块配方及制备方法、吸水率测试方法均同实施例1。The preparation method of the powder waterproofing agent, the formula and preparation method of the raw soil block, and the water absorption test method are all the same as in Example 1.
测试结果显示：加入3％粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率为0.9％，而不加粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率高达23.2％，说明本实施例粉末防水剂的加入提高了生土材料的防水性能。The test result shows: the water absorption rate of the raw soil block adding 3% powder waterproofing agent is 0.9%, while the water absorption rate of the raw soil block without powder waterproofing agent is as high as 23.2%, illustrating that the addition of powder waterproofing agent in this embodiment improves Improve the waterproof performance of raw soil materials.
实施例3Example 3
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂，它的组分及各组分的质量为：A special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, its components and the quality of each component are:
所述玻璃纤维为直径9～13μm、长度25～200mm的短切玻璃纤维。The glass fiber is chopped glass fiber with a diameter of 9-13 μm and a length of 25-200 mm.
所述有机硅粉末憎水剂为美国道康宁SHP50有机硅憎水剂。The organosilicon powder water repellent is American Dow Corning SHP50 organosilicon water repellent.
粉末防水剂制备方法、生土砌块配方及制备方法、吸水率测试方法均同实施例1。The preparation method of the powder waterproofing agent, the formula and preparation method of the raw soil block, and the water absorption test method are all the same as in Example 1.
测试结果显示：加入3％粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率为2.4％，而不加粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率高达23.2％，说明本实施例粉末防水剂的加入提高了生土材料的防水性能。The test results show: the water absorption of the raw soil block adding 3% powder waterproofing agent is 2.4%, while the water absorption of the raw soil block without powder waterproofing agent is as high as 23.2%, which shows that the addition of powder waterproofing agent in this embodiment improves Improve the waterproof performance of raw soil materials.
实施例4Example 4
一种生土材料专用粉末防水剂，它的组分及各组分的质量为：A special powder waterproofing agent for raw soil materials, its components and the quality of each component are:
所述玻璃纤维为直径9～13μm、长度25～200mm的短切玻璃纤维。The glass fiber is chopped glass fiber with a diameter of 9-13 μm and a length of 25-200 mm.
所述有机硅粉末憎水剂为美国道康宁SHP50有机硅憎水剂。The organosilicon powder water repellent is American Dow Corning SHP50 organosilicon water repellent.
粉末防水剂制备方法、生土砌块配方及制备方法、吸水率测试方法均同实施例1。The preparation method of the powder waterproofing agent, the formula and preparation method of the raw soil block, and the water absorption test method are all the same as in Example 1.
测试结果显示：加入3％粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率为0.5％，而不加粉末防水剂的生土砌块的吸水率高达23.2％，说明本实施例粉末防水剂的加入提高了生土材料的防水性能。The test result shows: the water absorption rate of the raw soil block adding 3% powder waterproofing agent is 0.5%, while the water absorption rate of the raw soil block without powder waterproofing agent is as high as 23.2%. Improve the waterproof performance of raw soil materials.
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例之一，并非以此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。The above-described embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered by the present invention within the scope of protection.
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| CN105347728A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-02-24 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | Concrete waterproof agent |
| CN107815268A (en) * | 2017-11-04 | 2018-03-20 | 舒城宏峰纸板有限公司 | A kind of cardboard pastes glue waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102050605A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 河南省天地建筑防水工程有限公司 | Waterproof heat insulation dry powder coating |
| CN102390968A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-03-28 | 岳建伟 | Heat insulation fireproofing honeycomb cement board and preparation method thereof |
| CN102875053A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 全永福 | Compound type powder waterproof agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104402350A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Raw soil building material modification method and method for preparation of building block by use of modified raw soil |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050605A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 河南省天地建筑防水工程有限公司 | Waterproof heat insulation dry powder coating |
| CN102390968A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-03-28 | 岳建伟 | Heat insulation fireproofing honeycomb cement board and preparation method thereof |
| CN102875053A (en) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-01-16 | 全永福 | Compound type powder waterproof agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN104402350A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Raw soil building material modification method and method for preparation of building block by use of modified raw soil |
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