CN105070153B - A kind of multiaspect orthographic projection descriptive geometry teaching instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-faceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument, which comprises a base, a graphic display device, and a parallel light source unit. The graphic display device and the parallel light source unit are all installed on the base, and also includes a model support and transposition device. The model support and transposition device is installed on the base, the model support and transposition device is located between the graphic display device and the parallel light source unit, and the graphic display device, the parallel light source unit, the model support and the transposition device are located on the same straight line, teaching The demonstration model is fixedly installed on the model support and indexing device. The present invention is equipped with a model supporting and transposition device. Driven by the motors I and II of the model supporting and transposition device, the teaching demonstration model rotates in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane respectively to form six views of the teaching demonstration model, thereby Realizing the six-sided orthographic projection process of the teaching demonstration model can meet the needs of rich teaching content and avoid the shortcomings of single function and poor flexibility of the projection box.

Description

A multi-faceted orthographic projection geometry teaching instrument

technical field

The invention relates to a teaching instrument, in particular to a multi-faceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument.

Background technique

Descriptive geometry is a subject that studies the geometric shape and positioning of three-dimensional space expressed by two-dimensional graphics. The main channel of information exchange in engineering design and manufacturing is "graph", and descriptive geometry provides a scientific theoretical basis for the expression of drawings. The orthographic projection method in the projection method is widely used in engineering because it can reflect the real shape and size of the object, but the basic principle of the orthographic projection method is abstract, and requires strong spatial imagination and spatial thinking ability to fundamentally To master this principle and apply it to engineering practice, auxiliary teaching tools for visually demonstrating the orthographic projection method came into being during the teaching process.

The projection boxes in traditional descriptive geometry teaching tools can display the plane graphics of simple models on the upright projection plane (V), horizontal projection plane (H) and lateral projection plane (W), but each projection box can only display one The model has a single function and poor flexibility, so it is not suitable for multi-purpose teaching. In addition, there are 3D solid model teaching aids that can be disassembled and combined in various ways, but it cannot demonstrate the projection process and projection principle, but an intuitive experience based on 3D solids. Therefore, how to overcome these shortcomings and develop descriptive geometry teaching aids with multiple functions and strong applicability has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-faceted orthographic projection with a simple structure, which can not only demonstrate the formation process of points, lines, and planes in the orthographic projection method, but also demonstrate the formation process of various three-dimensional solid model projection diagrams. Descriptive geometry teaching instrument.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above problems is: a multi-faceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument, including a base, a graphic display device, and a parallel light source unit. The graphic display device and the parallel light source unit are all installed on the base, and also include a Support and transposition device, the model support and transposition device is installed on the base, the model support and transposition device is located between the graphic display device and the parallel light source unit and the graphic display device, the parallel light source unit, the model support and transposition device Located on the same straight line, the teaching demonstration model is fixedly installed on the model support and transposition device, and the parallel light formed by the parallel light source unit is projected on the teaching demonstration model fixed on the model support and transposition device, forming a teaching demonstration on the graphic display device Model shadows.

In the above multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the model support and transposition device includes a beam, a model fixing frame, a support frame, a motor I, and a motor II, and the support frame includes a support beam, an arc bracket, a semicircle A bracket, the two ends of the beam are installed on the base, the support beam is located above the beam and parallel to the beam, the motor I is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the beam, the output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support beam, Driven by the motor I, the upper part of the beam rotates centered on the output shaft of the motor I in the horizontal plane. Both ends of the support beam are fixed with arc-shaped brackets, the opening of the arc-shaped brackets faces upward, and the two arc-shaped brackets The inner side is provided with a semi-circular bracket respectively, and a roller is provided at the junction of the arc-shaped bracket and the semi-circular bracket, and the semi-circular bracket can slide on the arc-shaped bracket. A plurality of ejector rods parallel to the crossbeam, the model holder is fixedly installed on the ejector rod, the teaching demonstration model is fixed in the model holder, among the two semicircular brackets, the inner part of one of the semicircular brackets There is an inner gear on the ring, the motor II is located on one side of the semi-circular bracket with the inner gear, the motor II is fixed on the beam, the output shaft of the motor II is provided with a gear, and the gear and the inner gear are provided The internal gears of the semi-circular support are meshed, and driven by the motor II, the teaching demonstration model rotates in the vertical plane.

In the above-mentioned multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the model fixing frame includes 12 rods, and the 12 rods together form a rectangular frame structure of the model fixing frame, and the model fixing frame is provided with several rods for fixing the teaching demonstration model The transparent line, the rod and the ejector rod are made of magnetic materials.

In the above multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the upper surface of the beam and the lower surface of the support beam are provided with grooves, and balls are arranged in the grooves.

In the above multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the base is a box structure, including a bottom plate, a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle and a rear baffle.

In the above-mentioned multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the graphic display device includes a display and a data interface, the lower part of the display is hinged on the left baffle of the base, the data interface is located on the back baffle of the base, and the data interface is connected to the left baffle of the base. The display is electrically connected.

In the above multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, the parallel light source unit includes a light source support, a convex lens and a point light source, the lower part of the light source support is hinged on the right baffle plate of the base, and the light source support is provided with a convex lens, A point light source is arranged at the focal point of the convex lens, and the light emitted by the point light source passes through the convex lens to form parallel light. The parallel light shines on the teaching demonstration model and forms a shadow of the teaching demonstration model on the display.

In the above-mentioned multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument, a drawer is arranged on the rear baffle of the base.

In the above-mentioned multi-faceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument, the teaching demonstration model is made of transparent material or non-transparent material according to the content of the teaching demonstration. It is made of transparent material, and its outer outline is coated with continuous and discontinuous non-transparent paint, and other teaching demonstration models are made of non-transparent material.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention is provided with a model support and transposition device, which includes a motor I and a motor II. Driven by the motor I, the teaching demonstration model rotates in the horizontal plane to form a left view, a right view of the teaching demonstration model. View and rear view, driven by the motor II, the teaching demonstration model rotates in the vertical plane to form the front view, top view and bottom view of the teaching demonstration model, so as to realize the six-sided orthographic projection process of the teaching demonstration model, which can meet the requirements of various The needs of the teaching content, avoiding the shortcomings of single function and poor flexibility of the projection box;

2. The model holder of the present invention is provided with transparent lines for fixing the teaching demonstration model, and various teaching demonstration models can be installed by changing the number of transparent lines, such as installing small balls (representative points), thin rods (representative lines), Various teaching demonstration models such as thin plates (representative surfaces), cylinders, intersecting bodies, etc., can demonstrate the projection process of various teaching demonstration models by replacing and installing different model fixing frames on the support frame, and have a wide range of applications;

3. The graphics display device of the present invention includes a display, which can display the two-dimensional graphics formed by the projections of different teaching models, which overcomes the shortcoming that the projection box can only display the projection diagram of a certain teaching demonstration model;

4. The parallel light source unit of the present invention includes a convex lens and a point light source. The parallel light source formed by the refraction principle of the convex lens is used to project the teaching demonstration model and display the two-dimensional graphics formed by the projection, which more intuitively demonstrates the principle of multi-faceted orthographic projection, making The principle of multi-sided orthographic projection has become more intuitive and specific, which can effectively assist teachers in teaching, help students deeply understand the principle of orthographic projection, and gradually form a way of thinking from three-dimensional to two-dimensional, and then from two-dimensional to three-dimensional;

5. The base of the present invention adopts a box structure, which can accommodate demonstration models for teaching, and the whole mechanism can also be folded into the box, which saves the occupied space and is convenient to carry;

6. The teaching demonstration model of the present invention can be made of transparent material or non-transparent material according to the difference of the content to be demonstrated in the teaching. The teaching demonstration model for reflecting the law of virtual and real lines in the projection diagram of the entity combination model is made of transparent material, and its Continuous and non-continuous non-transparent coatings are respectively coated on the outer contour line, so that under the projection of parallel light, the solid line and dotted line of the projected figure are displayed by the monitor, and other teaching demonstration models are made of non-transparent materials.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when it is folded.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the teaching demonstration model not installed when the present invention is deployed.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the teaching demonstration model installed when the present invention is deployed.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the model supporting and transposition device in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the support frame of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure in Fig. 5 when there is no semi-circular support.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the support beam in FIG. 6 .

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the model holder of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel light source unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 9 .

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention includes a parallel light source unit 6, a base 7, a graphic display device 8, a model support and transposition device 9, the graphic display device 8, a parallel light source unit 6, a model support and the indexing device 9 are installed on the base 7, the model support and indexing device 9 is located between the graphic display device 8 and the parallel light source unit 6, and the graphic display device 8, the parallel light source unit 6, and the model support and indexing device 9 are located On the same straight line, the teaching demonstration model 20 is fixedly installed on the model support and transposition device 9, and the parallel light formed by the parallel light source unit 6 projects the teaching demonstration model 20 fixed on the model support and transposition device 9, which is displayed on the graphic display. The device 8 forms a shadow of the teaching demonstration model 20 .

The base 7 is a box structure, including a base plate 7-1, a left baffle 7-2, a right baffle 7-3, a front baffle 7-4 and a rear baffle 7-5, and the rear baffle of the base 7 A drawer 1 is provided on the board 7-5, and a teaching demonstration model 20 that needs to be used for teaching demonstration can be placed in the drawer 1.

The graphic display device 8 includes a display 3 and a data interface 12, the bottom of the display 3 is hinged on the left baffle 7-2 of the base 7, the display 3 has a degree of freedom of rotation, and the display 3 can be placed in the base 7; Described data interface 12 is positioned on the tailgate 7-5 of base 7, and data interface 12 is electrically connected with display 3, and external computer transmits the graphic data of teaching demonstration model 20 at this position to display 3 through data interface 12, by It displays the projection graphics of the teaching demonstration model 20 at this position.

As shown in Figures 3-6, the model support and indexing device 9 includes a beam 22, a model fixing frame 2, a support frame 5, a motor I10, and a motor II 21, and the support frame 5 includes a support beam 13 and an arc bracket. 18. The semi-circular support 17, the two ends of the crossbeam 22 are movably installed on the base 7, and the crossbeam 22 has a degree of freedom of rotation, so that the entire model support and transposition device 9 can be placed in the base 7;

The support beam 13 is located above the beam 22 and parallel to the beam 22, the motor I10 is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the beam 22, and the output shaft of the motor I10 is affixed to the support beam 13 through the hole 28 in the middle of the support beam 13, The drive control of the motor I10 is realized through the infrared remote sensor and the central controller 30, the central controller 30 is installed in the base 7, the central controller 30 receives the electrical signal from the infrared remote sensor, and then transmits the signal to the motor I10 to make it rotate A certain angle, so that the entire support frame 5 can rotate on the horizontal plane with the output shaft of the motor I10 as the center, and the model fixing frame 2 fixed on the support frame 5 will also perform synchronous rotary motion, so as to realize the projection teaching demonstration Left, right and rear views of model 20;

The two ends of described support beam 13 are all fixedly provided with arc support 18, and arc support 18 openings are upwards, and two arc support 18 inner sides are respectively provided with a semicircle support 17, and described arc support 18 and semicircle Roller 26 is arranged at the junction of ring support 17, and half ring support 17 can slide on arc support 18, is provided with two ejector rods 19 parallel to crossbeam 22 between two half ring supports 17, model The fixed frame 2 is fixedly installed on the push rod 19, and the teaching demonstration model 20 is fixed in the model fixed frame 2;

Among the two semicircular supports 17, the inner ring of one of the semicircular supports 17 is provided with an internal gear 25, and the motor II 21 is positioned on one side of the semicircular support 17 provided with an internal gear 25, and the motor II21 is fixed on the beam 22, and the output shaft of the motor II21 is provided with a gear 23, and the gear 23 is meshed with the internal gear 25 of the semicircular support 17 provided with the internal gear 25, and the driving control of the motor II21 is through The infrared remote sensor and the central controller 30 are realized, and the central controller 30 receives the electric signal of the infrared remote sensor, and then transmits the signal to the motor II 21 to make it rotate at a certain angle, because the gear 23 is fixed on the output shaft of the motor II 21, and the gear 23 meshes with the internal gear 25 of the semi-circular support 17, so that the mechanism composed of the semi-circular support 17, arc support 18 and push rod 19 rotates a certain angle, which also makes the model holder 2 fixed on the support frame 5 Also rotate a certain angle, thereby change the different projection angles of the teaching demonstration model 20, and realize the projection process of the front view, bottom view, and top view of the teaching demonstration model 20.

As shown in FIG. 7 , grooves are provided on the upper surface of the beam 22 and the lower surface of the support beam 13 , and balls 27 are arranged in the grooves to reduce the frictional resistance when the support frame 5 rotates.

As shown in Figure 8, the model holder 2 includes 12 rods 14, and the 12 rods 14 together constitute the rectangular frame structure of the model holder 2, and the model holder 2 is provided with several rods for fixing the teaching demonstration model. 20 horizontal transparent lines 15 and vertical transparent lines 16, according to the structural characteristics of the teaching demonstration model 20, increase or decrease the number of horizontal transparent lines 15 and vertical transparent lines 16, or change its installation position to install various teaching demonstration models 20 The rod 14 and the ejector rod 19 are all made of magnetic materials, so that the model holder 2 can be fixed on the support frame 5, and there will be no looseness when changing the position of the teaching demonstration model 20, and it is also convenient for disassembly and replacement Model holder 2.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the parallel light source unit 6 includes a light source support 11, a convex lens 29 and a point light source 31, the lower part of the light source support 11 is hinged on the right baffle plate 7-3 of the base 7, and the light source The support 11 has a rotational degree of freedom, and the parallel light source unit 6 can be placed in the base 7. The light source support 11 is provided with a convex lens 29, and a point light source 31 is provided at the focal point of the convex lens 29. According to the refraction principle of the convex lens, it is located at the focal point The light emitted by the point light source 31 passes through the convex lens 29 to form parallel light, and the parallel light irradiates on the teaching demonstration model 20 and forms a shadow of the teaching demonstration model 20 on the display 3 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the parallel light source unit 6 utilizes the principle of convex lens refraction to form parallel light, then projects the teaching demonstration model 20 fixed on the model holder 2 according to the orthographic projection method, and forms the teaching demonstration model 20 on the display 3 In the shadow of a certain angle, the display 3 displays the projection diagram of the teaching demonstration model 20 at this angle according to the signal of the data interface 12 connected with the computer. Utilize the infrared remote sensor to transmit the transposition signal of the model support and transposition device 9 to the central controller 30, the central controller 30 receives the electrical signal of the infrared remote sensor, processes it and transmits the signal to the motor I10 and the motor II21, when the motor When Ⅰ10 rotates, it can project the left view, right view, and rear view of the teaching demonstration model 20. When the motor II21 rotates, it can project the front view, top view, and bottom view of the teaching demonstration model 20, thereby realizing The multi-faceted orthographic projection of the teaching demonstration model 20 also intuitively shows the principle of the multi-faceted orthographic projection. In addition, a certain number of horizontal transparent lines 15 and vertical transparent lines 16 can be installed on the model holder 2 for different teaching demonstration models 20, so that various demonstration models for teaching can be installed and fixed, and the model holder 2 can be replaced. Various models for teaching demonstrations can be projected. Based on the above principles, the principle of multi-sided orthographic projection is intuitively displayed, which is convenient for students to understand and master the principle of multi-sided orthographic projection.

Claims (8)

1. A multifaceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument, comprising a base, a graphic display device, a parallel light source unit, and the graphic display device and the parallel light source unit are all installed on the base, and it is characterized in that: it also includes model support and transposition device, the model support and transposition device is installed on the base, the model support and transposition device is located between the graphic display device and the parallel light source unit, and the graphic display device, parallel light source unit, model support and transposition device are located on the same straight line , the teaching demonstration model is fixedly installed on the model support and transposition device, the parallel light formed by the parallel light source unit is projected on the teaching demonstration model fixed on the model support and transposition device, forming a shadow of the teaching demonstration model on the graphic display device, The model support and transposition device includes a beam, a model fixing frame, a support frame, a motor I, and a motor II. The support frame includes a support beam, an arc bracket, and a semi-circular bracket. The two ends of the beam are movably installed on On the base, the support beam is located above the beam and parallel to the beam. The motor I is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper surface of the beam. The output shaft of the motor I is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support beam. Driven by the motor I, the part above the beam Rotate around the output shaft of the motor I in the horizontal plane, both ends of the support beam are fixed with arc-shaped brackets, the opening of the arc-shaped brackets faces upward, and a semi-circular bracket is provided on the inner side of the two arc-shaped brackets, Rollers are arranged at the junction of the arc-shaped support and the semi-circular support, and the semi-circular support can slide on the arc-shaped support. Several ejector rods parallel to the beam are arranged between the two semi-circular supports. The model The fixed frame is fixedly installed on the push rod, and the teaching demonstration model is fixed in the model fixed frame. Among the two semicircular brackets, the inner ring of one of the semicircular brackets is provided with an internal gear, and the motor II is located on one side of the semi-circular bracket with internal gear, motor II is fixed on the beam, and the output shaft of motor II is provided with a gear, and the gear meshes with the internal gear of the semi-circular bracket with internal gear , driven by the motor II, the teaching demonstration model rotates in the vertical plane. 2. multifaceted orthographic projection drawing geometry teaching instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described model holder comprises 12 rods, and 12 rods constitute the rectangular frame structure of model holder jointly, and model holder There are several transparent lines for fixing the teaching demonstration model inside, and the rods and ejector rods are all made of magnetic materials. 3. The multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that grooves are provided on the upper surface of the beam and the lower surface of the supporting beam, and balls are arranged in the groove. 4. The multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base is a box structure, including a bottom plate, a left baffle, a right baffle, a front baffle and a rear baffle. 5. multi-faceted orthographic projection geometry teaching instrument as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described graphic display device comprises display and data interface, and described display bottom is hinged on the left baffle plate of base, and described data interface Located on the rear baffle of the base, the data interface is electrically connected to the display. 6. The multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the parallel light source unit comprises a light source support, a convex lens and a point light source, and the lower part of the light source support is hinged on the right stop of the base On the board, a convex lens is set on the light source support, and a point light source is set at the focal point of the convex lens. The light emitted by the point light source passes through the convex lens and forms parallel light. The parallel light shines on the teaching demonstration model and forms a shadow of the teaching demonstration model on the display. . 7. The multi-faceted orthographic drawing geometry teaching instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: a drawer is arranged on the rear baffle of the base. 8. multi-faceted orthographic projection geometry teaching instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described teaching demonstration model is made of transparent material or non-transparent material according to the difference of teaching demonstration content, for reflecting entity combination model The teaching demonstration model with virtual and real lines in the projection diagram is made of transparent material, and its outer contour line is coated with continuous and discontinuous non-transparent paint respectively, and other teaching demonstration models are made of non-transparent material.