CN105060944A - A method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish-dissolved slurry - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish soluble paste comprises the steps of fish soluble paste sterilization treatment, fish soluble paste odor removal treatment, culture medium preparation, strain culture, fermentation treatment, drying, crushing and the like. The JT strain comprises bacillus subtilis, trichoderma, saccharomycetes and other strains capable of producing protease, azotobacter, silicate bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria and other strains capable of improving soil.

Description

A method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish-dissolved slurry

technical field

The invention relates to a biological fertilizer manufacturing process, in particular to a method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish-dissolved slurry.

Background technique

The annual output of domestic fishmeal is more than 300,000 tons, and every ton of fishmeal produced will produce 2-3 tons of fish-dissolved waste liquid. At present, in China, except for a small number of enterprises, the fish-dissolved waste liquid is vacuum-concentrated to produce the whole In addition to fishmeal, most enterprises, especially those with small production scales, often discharge these fish slurry wastes directly to the ocean, where the nutrients interact with environmental microorganisms, gradually rot and produce stench, which not only seriously pollutes the ocean environment and a waste of resources. Fish-soluble pulp has low value raw materials, wide sources of raw materials, low production energy consumption, and relatively complete preservation of various nutrients in the raw materials. It is a good raw material for preparing protein fertilizers.

Chinese Patent Announcement No. CN1260183C, dated June 21, 2006, discloses a method for preparing a fish protein biopeptide fertilizer, which is characterized in that fresh fish, fresh fish skin or fresh fish bone leftovers are first pulverized and adjusted with acid When the pH reaches 1-6.5, trypsin or pepsin is added for degradation, then filtered, concentrated at 0-40°C, and sterilized. The fish protein bio-peptide fertilizer of the invention contains bio-peptides, which are particularly rich in amino acids, and contain a variety of major elements, trace elements, vitamins, etc. This fertilizer can improve the disease resistance of plants by virtue of the synergy with other active ingredients , Stress resistance, can improve the quality of crops, promote plant growth, is a new type of environment-friendly animal protein fertilizer. However, this protein fertilizer preparation process only adds a single protease to hydrolyze the protein in the fish waste, which has a limited effect on improving the quality of the prepared protein fertilizer, and does not effectively improve the application effect of the protein fertilizer.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages in the existing process for preparing protein fertilizer from low-value fish, the present invention provides a method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish soluble pulp that is easy to prepare, rich in nutrition, and can improve crops and soil.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for preparing protein fertilizer from fish-dissolved pulp, comprising the following steps:

(1) Sterilization treatment of fish-dissolved pulp: inject ozone into fish-dissolved pulp to keep the ozone concentration in the fish-dissolved pulp at 8-12 mg/m ³ , and perform sterilization treatment for 10-20 minutes. Ozone is a highly efficient bactericide, which can effectively kill microorganisms and bacteria in fish slurry at a low concentration, and play a role in sterilization and inactivation.

(2) Odor-removing treatment of fish soluble pulp: heating the sterilized fish soluble pulp at a temperature of 60-80°C for 30-40 minutes to remove the peculiar smell and residual ozone of the fish soluble pulp itself. The fish soluble pulp is made of leftovers after processing fish products, which often has a strong fishy smell. After ozone sterilization in the previous step, there will also be ozone remaining in the fish soluble pulp. High temperature heating can eliminate the residue in the fish soluble pulp Ozone can also effectively remove the fishy smell in the fish slurry.

(3) Preparation of the culture medium: the culture medium is composed of the following components by mass percentage: sodium chloride 0.5-1.0%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.1%, agar 5-10%, glucose 10-15%, peptone 5-8%, starch 10-20%, the rest is water, first make the starch into a paste with half of the water, then pour in the remaining water, stir well and then add sodium chloride and phosphoric acid Dissolve potassium dihydrogen potassium, magnesium sulfate, agar, glucose, and peptone, heat the mixture to boil, add agar, and keep stirring until the agar is completely dissolved, adjust the pH value, and sterilize after sub-packaging. The microbial preparation used in this solution contains a variety of microorganisms, and the composition of the growth medium is slightly different. Therefore, the microbial preparation medium contains the nutrients required for the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms.

(4) Strain cultivation: take microbial preparations with 10% to 20% of the medium quality, inoculate the microbial preparations on the medium, feed sterile air, and cultivate for 2 to 4 days at a culture temperature of 30 to 35°C. After cultivation, the microorganisms are pulverized together with the culture medium. The cultivation of strains can expand the number of microorganisms and reduce production costs to a certain extent.

(5) Fermentation treatment: adding the cultured microorganisms to the fish-dissolved pulp in an amount of 5-8% of the mass of the fish-dissolved pulp, and fermented for 6-8 days.

(6) Drying and crushing: the fermented fish soluble pulp is dried and crushed to make protein fertilizer.

As a preference, diatomaceous earth powder with 5-10% of the mass of the fish slurry can be added to assist in removing the odor during the deodorization treatment of the fish slurry. The fishy smell in the fish paste is caused by a variety of sulfur-containing organic substances. A single heating method may not be able to fully remove the fishy smell. Diatomaceous earth is an effective adsorbent that can effectively assist in removing peculiar smells, and diatomaceous earth is safe and non-toxic , will not cause adverse effects on the subsequent microbial cultivation process, nor will it affect the fertility of protein fertilizers.

Preferably, the microbial preparation is a JT preparation. The JT bacteria preparation contains 8 strains of actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, silicate bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Trichoderma, yeast and photosynthetic bacteria, among which actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, wood Mold and yeast have the function of decomposing protein and can fully decompose protein into polypeptides, amino acids, etc., which is conducive to the absorption of protein fertilizer by crops after fertilization. In addition, the JT bacteria preparation itself is a microbial preparation widely used in soil improvement, inhibition of soil pathogens, and promotion of fruit and vegetable growth. It can make a variety of beneficial microorganisms multiply in the soil at a high speed to form dominant colonies. Effectively eliminate soil germs, degrade fertilizer damage, decompose organic matter in soil, increase phosphorus, potassium, and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content, relieve soil compaction, improve its water retention and air permeability, enhance the metabolism of crops, promote root development, and Prompt melons and fruits, vegetables, melons and fruits, with bright color and improved quality; accelerate their germination, flowering and ripening time.

Preferably, the starch added in the medium is one or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch or potato starch.

Preferably, the sterilization treatment of the culture medium adopts high-pressure steam sterilization treatment.

Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The protein in the fish soluble slurry is completely decomposed and easily absorbed by plants;

(2) Using microbial fermentation that is beneficial to crops and soil, not only effectively decomposes proteins into polypeptides and amino acids, which is beneficial to crop growth, but also improves the soil, inhibits germs in the soil, and is more conducive to increasing crop production and income;

(3) The technical scheme of the present invention solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by wastes such as fish paste produced after the deep processing of aquatic products, and provides an effective way for the reuse of aquatic product processing wastes.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below through specific examples.

Example 1

(1) Sterilization treatment of fish-dissolved pulp: Ozone is passed into fish-dissolved pulp to keep the ozone concentration in fish-dissolved pulp at 8 mg/m ³ , and sterilize for 10 minutes.

(2) Odor removal treatment of fish soluble pulp: heat the sterilized fish soluble pulp at a temperature of 60° C. for 30 minutes to remove the peculiar smell and residual ozone of the fish soluble pulp itself.

(3) Preparation of culture medium: culture medium is made up of the following components by mass percentage: sodium chloride 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, agar 5%, glucose 10%, peptone 8%, starch 20%, water 56.15%, first make the starch into a paste with half of the water, pour in the remaining water, stir well, add sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, agar, glucose, peptone to dissolve them , heat the mixture to boiling, add agar, and keep stirring until the agar is completely dissolved, adjust the pH, and sterilize with steam after subpackaging.

(4) Strain cultivation: get the microbial preparation of 10% of the quality of the culture medium, inoculate the microbial preparation on the culture medium, pass into sterile air, and cultivate for 2 days at a temperature of 30° C. After the cultivation, the microorganism and the culture The base is crushed together.

(5) Fermentation treatment: the cultured microorganisms were added to the fish-dissolved pulp in an amount of 5% of the mass of the fish-dissolved pulp, and fermented for 6 days.

(6) Drying and crushing: the fermented fish soluble pulp is dried and crushed to make protein fertilizer.

The fish soluble slurry in this embodiment is obtained by concentrating the waste liquid after fishmeal processing.

Example 2

(1) Sterilization treatment of fish-dissolved pulp: pass a certain amount of ozone into the fish-dissolved pulp to keep the ozone concentration in the fish-dissolved pulp at 10 mg/m ³ , and perform the sterilization treatment for 15 minutes.

(2) Odor removal treatment of fish paste: heat the fish paste after sterilization at 70° C. for 35 minutes to remove the peculiar smell and residual ozone of the fish paste itself.

(3) Preparation of culture medium: culture medium is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 0.75% sodium chloride, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.075% magnesium sulfate, 7.5% agar, 12.5% glucose, 6.5% peptone, starch 15%, water 57.275%, first make the starch into a paste with half of the water, pour in the remaining water, stir well, add sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, agar, glucose, peptone, and make them To dissolve, heat the mixture to boiling, add agar, and keep stirring until the agar is completely dissolved, adjust the pH, and then sterilize with steam after subpackaging.

(4) Strain cultivation: get the microbial preparation of 15% of the medium quality, inoculate the microbial preparation on the medium, pass into sterile air, and cultivate it for 3 days at a temperature of 33° C. After the cultivation, the microorganism and the culture The base is crushed together.

(5) Fermentation treatment: the cultured microorganisms were added to the fish-dissolved pulp in an amount of 6.5% by mass of the fish-dissolved pulp, and fermented for 7 days.

(6) Drying and crushing: the fermented fish soluble pulp is dried and crushed to make protein fertilizer.

The fish soluble slurry in this embodiment is obtained by concentrating the waste liquid after fishmeal processing.

Example 3

(1) Sterilization treatment of fish-dissolved pulp: pass a certain amount of ozone into the fish-dissolved pulp to keep the ozone concentration in the fish-dissolved pulp at 12mg/m ³ , and perform the sterilization treatment for 20 minutes.

(2) Deodorization treatment of fish soluble pulp: heat the sterilized fish soluble pulp at a temperature of 80° C. for 40 minutes to remove the peculiar smell and residual ozone of the fish soluble pulp itself.

(3) Preparation of culture medium: culture medium is made up of the following components by mass percentage: sodium chloride 1.0%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, agar 10%, glucose 15%, peptone 5%, starch 10%, water 58.4%, first make the starch into a paste with half of the water, pour in the remaining water, stir well, add sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, agar, glucose, peptone to dissolve them , heat the mixture to boiling, add agar, and keep stirring until the agar is completely dissolved, adjust the pH, and sterilize with steam after subpackaging.

(4) Strain cultivation: get the microbial preparation of 20% of the medium quality, inoculate the microbial preparation on the medium, pass into sterile air, and cultivate for 4 days at a temperature of 35° C. After the cultivation, the microorganism and the culture The base is crushed together.

(5) Fermentation treatment: the cultured microorganisms were added to the fish-dissolved slurry in an amount of 8% of the mass of the fish-dissolved slurry, and fermented for 8 days.

(6) Drying and crushing: the fermented fish soluble pulp is dried and crushed to make protein fertilizer.

The fish soluble slurry in this embodiment is obtained by concentrating the waste liquid after fishmeal processing.

The following technical indicators can be realized by the present invention:

1. The protein fertilizer prepared by the present invention also has the functions of improving soil and inhibiting germs in the soil, which is more conducive to increasing crop production and income;

2. The protein fertilizer prepared by the present invention meets the technical standards for organic matter and the standard requirements for pathogenic bacteria specified in the agricultural industry standard NY525-2011 for organic fertilizers. Table 1 shows the detection results of the relevant components of the protein fertilizer prepared in the present invention according to relevant national standards.

Table 1

Test items unit standard requirement Test results Detection method Total Amino Acids wt% — 29.49 GB/T18246-2000 moisture wt% ≤20.0 2.46 GB/T6435-2006 total nitrogen wt% — 7.65 GB/T 17767.1-2008 Total Phosphorus wt% — 3.52 GB/T 17767.2-2010 total potassium wt% — 2.75 GB/T 17767.3-2010 organic matter wt% ≥45.0 90.3 GB/T18877-2009 crude fat wt% — 2.82 GB/T6433-2006 crude fiber wt% — 2.35 GB/T6434-2006

Claims (5)

1. a method for Protein fertilizer prepared by the molten slurry of fish, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

(1) fish molten slurry sterilising treatment: pass into ozone to the molten slurry of fish, makes ozone concn in the molten slurry of fish remain on 8 ~ 12mg/m3, sterilising treatment 10 ~ 20 minutes;

(2) the molten slurry of fish removes peculiar odor treatment: the molten slurry of the fish after sterilising treatment is complete heats 30 ~ 40 minutes at 60 ~ 80 DEG C of temperature;

(3) preparation of substratum: substratum is made up of the component of following mass percent: sodium-chlor 0.5 ~ 1.0%, potassium primary phosphate 0.3 ~ 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05 ~ 0.1%, agar 5 ~ 10%, glucose 10 ~ 15%, peptone 5 ~ 8%, starch 10 ~ 20%, surplus is water;

(4) spawn culture: the microorganism inoculant of getting substratum quality 10 ~ 20%, microorganism inoculant is seeded on substratum, pass into sterile air, cultivate 2 ~ 4 days under 30 ~ 35 DEG C of culture temperature, after cultivation, microorganism is pulverized together with substratum and make microbial mixture;

(5) fermentative processing: by microbial mixture by fish molten slurry quality 5 ~ 8% amount add in the molten slurry of fish, fermentative processing 6 ~ 8 days;

(6) drying and crushing: make Protein fertilizer by after molten for the fish after fermentative processing slurry drying and crushing.

2. the method for Protein fertilizer prepared by the molten slurry of a kind of fish according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the molten slurry of described fish eliminates the unusual smell and adds the diatomite powder of fish molten slurry quality 5 ~ 10% when processing.

3. the method for Protein fertilizer prepared by the molten slurry of a kind of fish according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microorganism inoculant is JT bacteria preparation.

4. the method for Protein fertilizer prepared by the molten slurry of a kind of fish according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the starch added in described substratum is one or more in W-Gum, sweet potato starch or yam starch.

5. the method for Protein fertilizer prepared by the molten slurry of a kind of fish according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sterilising treatment of described substratum adopts steam sterilizing process.