CN105052791A - Ecological effect and mixed culture method of sipunculus nudus - Google Patents
Ecological effect and mixed culture method of sipunculus nudus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052791A CN105052791A CN201510479798.7A CN201510479798A CN105052791A CN 105052791 A CN105052791 A CN 105052791A CN 201510479798 A CN201510479798 A CN 201510479798A CN 105052791 A CN105052791 A CN 105052791A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological benefit and mixed culture method of sipunculus nudus. According to the ecological benefit of the sipunculus nudus disclosed by the invention, the effect of the sipunculus nudus on improving the breeding ecological environment is researched, the situations that the sipunculus nudus has a migration effect on organic matters of sediments and also has biological disturbance behaviors are found, and the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediments and sediment-water interfaces can be improved. The sipunculus nudus is in mixed culture in a pond with a sandy bottom or a silt bottom, so that the substance utilization rate of a breeding system can be increased, and besides, the breeding water body environment is improved. According to the mixed culture method disclosed by the invention, the sipunculus nudus and penaeus monodon can be in the mixed culture on the basis of a good scientific basis and good practical data, for example, the sipunculus nudus and the penaeus monodon have similar requirements for temperature, salinity and the like; besides, meshes are covered, so that the probabilitythat the penaeus monodon preys on the sipunculus nudus can be obviously reduced; the breeding functions of the sipunculus nudus and the penaeus monodon have a complementary relationship. The situation that the sipunculus nudus is unceasingly bred for 60-80 days after the penaeus monodon is harvested so as to solve problem that the breeding cycle of the sipunculus nudus and the breeding cycle of the penaeus monodon are not incompletely synchronous is also found.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of Sipunculus nudus in improving the ecological environment and the method for raising together with thereof.
Background technology
Nude Sipunculus nudus (
sipunculusnudus) be under the jurisdiction of Genus Golfingia, be a kind of macrobenthos seeking troglodytism, be distributed widely in CHINESE OFFSHORE bank, inhabit sandy is main shoal area more.Sipunculus nudus belongs to wide gentle eurysalinity kind, and the Suitable ranges of its growth is 15 ~ 35 DEG C, and suitable salinity scope is 20 ~ 30.Sipunculus nudus has important edible and medical value, has higher market value at home and abroad.
Penaeus monodon (
penaeusmonodon) be the traditional prawn culturing kind in Asia, its culturing area is mainly distributed in the coastal areas such as Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan at home, and wherein Guangdong is the province that China's cultivating penaeus monodon is largest, and annual production accounts for 55% of gross domestic product.The aquaculture model of Penaeus monodon is comparatively single, mainly cultivates in argillo arenaceous pond.But because this kind is in high-density breeding situation, substrate easily worsens, and easy fulminant disease, survival rate are lower; The culture benefit of single prawn kind is low.Penaeus monodon belongs to wide gentle euryhaline organism, and its growth Suitable ranges is 15 ~ 35 DEG C, and suitable salinity range is 5 ~ 30, and the breeding environment at the happiness husky end.
At present relevant research, as raising together with of Penaeus monodon and mud crab; Penaeus monodon and basket fish or grey mullet are raised together with; Penaeus monodon and Ruditapes philippinarum are raised together with; Penaeus monodon and macro raising together with as fragrant plant mentioned in ancient texts; Shoal area carries out the Polyculture of experiment (Cai Dejian delivers) of siphon-worm and clam by the sea; In these researchs, involved Polyculture main purpose improves cultivating system Middle nutrition material utilization, but, there are some problems in above Polyculture: raise together with fish or crab class can compete bait with Penaeus monodon, meanwhile, crab class can prey on the prawn in shell; The mineral salt that what macro mainly utilized is in cultivating system, macro also can increase content of organics in substrate due to chip simultaneously; Ruditapes philippinarum is movable main on sediments top layer, and the vertical migration ability for surface deposit is not obvious.
In addition, also there is the research report that Sipunculus nudus and prawn are raised together with by some, as " Sipunculus nudus and Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low pond polyculture are tested " (author: Wen Xue, Wang Zhicheng, Liang Zhihui, Jiang Yan, Peng Huijing, Yang Jialin; Periodical: aquatic science and technology information), " Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus Vannmei feed coefficient Polyculture Experiments " (author: Lu Zhikuan, periodical: aquatic science and technology) etc.These research reports only relate to Sipunculus nudus and raising together with of prawn can bring better economic benefit, and the method for raising together with is just rough to be described, and not relating to Sipunculus nudus has anything to act at breeding environment; The impact of cultivation for other cultivation kind growth of Sipunculus nudus is not related to yet; And what existing article was paid close attention to is Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, do not find the research report relating to Penaeus monodon.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned Problems existing, the present invention is by finding the research of Sipunculus nudus, and Sipunculus nudus has obvious bioturbation effect, and the cultivation of its Suitable Density has improvement result for the feature such as water/sediment interface and sediment interstitial water; By screening the breed variety of identical habitat, close physical and chemical factor demand, have selected Penaeus monodon; Sipunculus nudus utilizes the residual bait of prawn, benthic diatom, plankton deposited particles etc., can improve the material utilization in cultivating system; Its migration effect is obvious, surface deposit can be moved to depths, can improve Sediment environment, be conducive to perching and growing of Penaeus monodon; Test shows that on the husky end of cultivation Sipunculus nudus, cover mesh sheet can reduce the ingestion rate of Penaeus monodon for Sipunculus nudus, and the two can be raised together with well in same pond.
The object of the present invention is to provide the application of Sipunculus nudus in improving the ecological environment.
The object of the present invention is to provide the polyculture method of a kind of Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body environment.
Further, Sipunculus nudus is increasing the application in cultivating system Sediment Interstitial Water dissolved oxygen content.
Further, Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body in microbiologic population.
Further, the application of Sipunculus nudus in migration and removing benthal deposit in organic matter.
Further, Sipunculus nudus is removing the application in benthal deposit.
Further, above-mentioned sediments is at least one in benthic diatom, plankton, residual bait, excreta.
The method that Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon are raised together with, comprises the following steps:
1) pond is cleaned;
2) stirred by pond silt and tan by the sun, the thickness of pond bottom fine sand is at more than 35cm;
3) intake: intake through the above screen filtration of 80 order;
4) sterilize: breeding water is carried out disinfection;
5) food organisms are cultivated: after breeding water sterilization, use the plankton in the rotten slurry of fish, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria cultivation pond, add suitable microorganism formulation regulation and control water quality in incubation, keeping water transparency to be 30 ~ 50cm, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5;
6) throw in Sipunculus nudus: when water temperature be more than 20 DEG C, salinity is 15 ~ 35, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5, dissolved oxygen 4.5 ~ 8.0, ammonia-nitrogen content below 3.0mg/L, nitrite nitrogen content below 1.2mg/L, bottom hydrogen sulfide content at below 0.2mg/L time; Throw in Sipunculus nudus close to bait throwing in district, breeding density is 30 ~ 50/m
2; Then, throw in the laid mesh sheet in sandy region of Sipunculus nudus, ensureing that mesh sheet is not close to bottom, be beneficial to flowing and the mass exchange of water body; Meanwhile, prawn is reduced to the predation of Sipunculus nudus;
7) put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed: putting Sipunculus nudus in a suitable place to breed after 1 ~ 2 week, put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed, cultivation density is 50 ~ 80 tails/rice
2;
8) daily management: prawn material of throwing something and feeding every day, monitoring water quality;
9) catch prawn: put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed after 3 ~ 4 months, track down and recover Penaeus monodon, Sipunculus nudus continues cultivation, and bait of no longer throwing something and feeding, only relies on natural bait;
10) gather in the crops Sipunculus nudus: track down and recover prawn after 60 ~ 80 days, discharge pond waters, collect the Sipunculus nudus exposed.
Further, plankton described in step 5) is at least one class in planktonic microalgae, copepoda, wheel animalcule, cladocera.Method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: microorganism formulation described in step 5) is bacillus.
Further, in the daily management of step 8), regularly the attachment material in mesh sheet is scrubbed, as one of the feed source of Sipunculus nudus, ensure that bottom water body flow and mass exchange simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the present invention particularly, profoundly have studied Sipunculus nudus and is improving the effect in breeding ecological environment, find that Sipunculus nudus has migration to Organic Matter In Sediments, also there is bioturbation behavior, sediments and water/sediment interface physicochemical characteristics can be improved; In the pond with the husky end or silt bottom, raise together with Sipunculus nudus, cultivating system material utilization (residual bait, endogenous plankton deposition, benthic diatom) can be improved; The present invention finds that raising together with of Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon has good scientific basis and practical data (has the demands such as close temperature, salinity; Simultaneously by adding a cover mesh sheet, the predation of Penaeus monodon to Sipunculus nudus obviously can be reduced; Uncontested on food resource; There is complementary relationship in the two breeding function).The present invention also finds Sipunculus nudus after Penaeus monodon results, to continue cultivation 60 ~ 80 days, the problem that both solving, culture-cycle is not exclusively synchronous.
2) in existing technology, the ecological benefits of clear and definite Sipunculus nudus are failed; Fail to make full use of repair function bottom it; Existingly raise together with fish or crab class can compete bait with Penaeus monodon; Meanwhile, crab class can prey on the prawn in shell; The chip of macro can increase the weight of the sedimental organic pollution load of pond bottom; Ruditapes philippinarum is movable main on sediments top layer, for surface deposit vertical migration ability and improve DeGrain.And the present invention finds migration (ingest) successful of Sipunculus nudus to surface deposit, can organic substance be moved to bottom sediments, surface deposit and water/sediment interface be had and improves effect; Sipunculus nudus can not compete bait with Penaeus monodon, and obviously can reduce predation therebetween by adding a cover mesh sheet.
3) the present invention has understood fully the impact of Sipunculus nudus bioturbation on sediments, water/sediment interface physical and chemical factor, determines the ecological helpfulness of its cultivation; Solve the problem that Sipunculus nudus is not exclusively synchronous with the culture-cycle of Penaeus monodon, can, after Penaeus monodon results, continue Sipunculus nudus to form comparatively large gauge; By improving benthic environment, the cultivation density of Penaeus monodon can be increased to a certain extent, increase economic efficiency, efficient, clean aquaculture model can be realized.
Embodiment
Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body environment.
Preferably, Sipunculus nudus is increasing the application in breeding water body Interstitial Water dissolved oxygen content.
Preferably, Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body in microbiologic population.
Preferably, the application of Sipunculus nudus in migration and removing benthal deposit in organic matter.
Preferably, Sipunculus nudus is removing the application in benthal deposit.
Preferably, stating sediments is at least one in benthic diatom, plankton, residual bait, excreta.
The method that Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon are raised together with, comprises the following steps:
1) pond is cleaned;
2) stirred by pond silt and tan by the sun, the thickness of pond bottom fine sand is at more than 35cm;
3) intake: intake through the above screen filtration of 80 order;
4) sterilize: breeding water is carried out disinfection;
5) food organisms are cultivated: after breeding water sterilization, use fish gruel slurry and bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria to be to cultivate the plankton in pond, add suitable microorganism formulation regulation and control water quality in incubation, keeping water transparency to be 30 ~ 50cm, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5;
6) throw in Sipunculus nudus: when water temperature be more than 20 DEG C, salinity is 15 ~ 35, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5, dissolved oxygen 4.5 ~ 8.0mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content below 3.0mg/L, nitrite nitrogen content below 1.2mg/L, bottom hydrogen sulfide content at below 0.2mg/L time; Throw in Sipunculus nudus close to bait throwing in district, breeding density is 30 ~ 50/m
2; Then, throw in the laid mesh sheet in sandy region of Sipunculus nudus, ensureing that mesh sheet is not close to bottom, be beneficial to flowing and the mass exchange of water body;
7) put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed: putting Sipunculus nudus in a suitable place to breed after 1 ~ 2 week, put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed, cultivation density is 50 ~ 80 tails/rice
2;
8) daily management: prawn material of throwing something and feeding every day, monitoring water quality;
9) catch prawn: put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed after 3 ~ 4 months, track down and recover Penaeus monodon, Sipunculus nudus continues cultivation, and bait of no longer throwing something and feeding, only relies on natural bait;
10) gather in the crops Sipunculus nudus: track down and recover prawn after 60 ~ 80 days, discharge pond waters, adopt pumping for water pump to rinse silt to collect the Sipunculus nudus exposed, also can carry out hand digging with creeper.
Preferably, the concrete operations of cleaning pond in step 1) are: pond bottom and sidewall mud foreign material being cleaned out annual May, preparing for putting in a suitable place to breed.
Preferably, step 2) in sediment of pond to stir and the concrete operations of tanning by the sun are: after cleaning up the pond, pond bottom fine sand is routed up, carries out tanning by the sun sterilization, treat that bottom fine sand dries without black.
Preferably, the concrete operations of sterilizing in step 4) are: adopt bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide, quicklime and dolomite dust to carry out disinfection to breeding water.
Preferably, plankton described in step 5) is at least one class in planktonic microalgae, copepoda, wheel animalcule, cladocera.
Preferably, above-mentioned planktonic microalgae is at least one in planktonic diatom, green alga, blue-green algae.
Preferably, the amount of application of the gruel of fish described in step 5) slurry is 5 ~ 10,000 grams/acre, executes once, execute 6 ~ 8 times altogether every 2 ~ 3 days.
Preferably, microorganism formulation described in step 5) is bacillus.
Preferably, the aperture of mesh sheet described in step 6) is 0.8 ~ 1.2cm.
Preferably, the concrete grammar that mesh sheet described in step 6) is laid is: the surrounding of mesh sheet be inserted into, the middle support that adopts props up mesh sheet to ensure that mesh sheet is not close to bottom at husky the end.
Preferably, in the daily management of step 8), regularly the attachment material in mesh sheet is scrubbed, as one of the feed source of Sipunculus nudus, ensure that bottom water body flow and mass exchange simultaneously.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described, but is not limited thereto.
embodiment 1 one kinds of Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon polyculture method
Because the culture-cycle of Sipunculus nudus is longer than Penaeus monodon, the process of cleaning up the pond after shrimp is received in impact.Therefore, select the cultivation proceeding Sipunculus nudus after the cultivating penaeus monodon cycle, (May ~ September) terminated, solve culture-cycle asynchronous problem; On the husky end of cultivation Sipunculus nudus, add lid layer mesh sheet simultaneously, prevent prawn to the predation of Sipunculus nudus.The concrete operation method that Sipunculus nudus is raised together with is as described below:
1) to clean up the pond pond clearly: annual May, pond bottom and sidewall mud foreign material being cleaned out, preparing for putting in a suitable place to breed;
2) bed mud stirs and tans by the sun: after cleaning up the pond, and is routed up by pond bottom fine sand, carries out tanning by the sun sterilization, treats that bottom fine sand dries without black; The thickness of bottom fine sand should be greater than 35cm;
3) intake: adopt filtration method, during water inlet, 80 mesh sieve tulles are set at water inlet and filter;
4) sterilize: adopt bleaching powder, chlorine dioxide, quicklime and dolomite dust to sterilize to breeding water;
5) food organisms are cultivated: after breeding water sterilization, use fish gruel slurry (iced trash fish to be boiled, smash to pieces and fish meat emulsion after removing fish-bone) and bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria cultivate plankton in pond, mainly comprise planktonic microalgae, copepoda, wheel animalcule, cladocera etc., amount of application is followed and repeatedly (is executed 5 ~ 10,000 grams/acre on a small quantity at every turn, executed once every 2 ~ 3 days, execute 6 ~ 8 times altogether); Suitably add microorganism formulation (bacillus) in breeding process and regulate and control water quality, keeping water transparency to be 30 ~ 50cm, pH is about 8.0;
Above-mentioned planktonic microalgae is at least one in planktonic diatom, green alga, blue-green algae.
6) water quality detection: adopt aquation method or water quality instrument results of regular determination water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, acid-base value, chemical oxygen consumption (COC), ammonia-nitrogen content, nitrite nitrogen content, bottom hydrogen sulfide content etc.;
7) throw in Sipunculus nudus: when pond waters temperature for being greater than 20 DEG C, salinity is 15 ~ 35, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5, dissolved oxygen 4.5 ~ 8.0mg/L, ammonia-nitrogen content lower than 3.0mg/L, nitrite nitrogen content lower than 1.2mg/L, bottom hydrogen sulfide content lower than 0.2mg/L time; Throw in Sipunculus nudus close to bait throwing in district, breeding density is 30 ~ 50/m
2; Then, throw in the laid mesh sheet in sandy region (aperture 1cm) of Sipunculus nudus, the surrounding of mesh sheet be inserted at husky the end, the middle 3 row's supports that adopt prop up mesh sheet to ensure that mesh sheet is not close to bottom, are conducive to flowing and the mass exchange of water body;
8) put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed: putting Sipunculus nudus in a suitable place to breed after 1 ~ 2 week, put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed, cultivation density is 50 ~ 80 tails/rice
2;
9) daily management: prawn material of throwing something and feeding every day, monitoring water quality; Attachment material in mesh sheet is scrubbed one of the feed source as Sipunculus nudus by regular instrument, ensure that bottom water body flow and mass exchange simultaneously.
10) catch prawn: put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed after 3 ~ 4 months, track down and recover Penaeus monodon, Sipunculus nudus continues cultivation, and bait of no longer throwing something and feeding, only relies on natural bait;
11) gather in the crops Sipunculus nudus: track down and recover prawn after 60 ~ 80 days, discharge pond waters, adopt giant to rush at the bottom of sand, collect the Sipunculus nudus exposed; Because Sipunculus nudus all can have been rushed due to the impact of water, utilization percent can reach 95%.
The culture efficiency brought the present embodiment polyculture method below makes further effect detection.
one, the detection of output
In above-described embodiment, the output of Penaeus monodon reaches 220kg/ mu, compared with traditional cultural method, is significantly improved.
two, to the detection that breeding environment improves
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, in the observation process of water quality, find that polyculture method of the present invention has the effect of following aspect:
1) compared with traditional cultivating penaeus monodon method, effectively can reduce surface deposit organic matter accumulation degree at the bottom of pond, improve sediments physics and chemistry and biological characteristic; Reduce the degree of depth of reduction zone in substrate, alleviate the reducing degree on substrate top layer.
2) compared with traditional cultivating penaeus monodon method, ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen can be reduced in the accumulation of water/sediment interface, be conducive to the growth of other cultivated animals.
three, the detection of group's Survival
Find through the research in the process of raising together with, Penaeus monodon and Sipunculus nudus show close temperature and salinity demand (temperature is 15 ~ 35 DEG C, and salinity is 20 ~ 30); The two all likes sand, and Sipunculus nudus belongs to deep layer perches animal, and Penaeus monodon has top layer to dive husky habit; Sipunculus nudus is mainly through the grains of sand of suitable particle diameter in the flexible acquisition sediments of rhynchodaenm to obtain organic substance, and it ingests growth just in sediments, seldom rhynchodaenm can be stretched out sediments; Experimental data also shows, above the substrate of cultivation Sipunculus nudus after bedding mesh sheet (aperture 1cm), Penaeus monodon to the ingestion rate of Sipunculus nudus less than 10%.
Find through the research in the process of raising together with, Sipunculus nudus can utilize in surface deposit organic, and as benthic diatom, plankton sedimentation and the residual bait of prawn etc., add cultivating system material utilization, the economic benefit in pond is greatly enhanced; Its bioturbation for surface deposit utilization and migration can improve sedimental physicochemical property, be conducive to the habitat improving Penaeus monodon; Meanwhile, zoobenthos bio-diversity increases, and can provide abundant natural bait for Penaeus monodon, can provide ecological and material base for the increase of cultivating penaeus monodon density.
embodiment 2 Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in water-bed environment
The present invention studies and finds that nude Sipunculus nudus (Sipunculus nudus) shows important ecological benefits in cultivating system.
Experimental technique: lay fine sand in indoor culture bottom of the barrel, carry out the cultivation of Sipunculus nudus.Be divided into blank group and Sipunculus nudus group, each processed group 6 repetition, mash feed of throwing something and feeding every day, culture experiment totally 60 days.Determination experiment initial and at the end of the content of organic matter and fine sand amount in substrate top layer, specify the transfer ability of Sipunculus nudus and fine sand organic to top layer.
Experimental result: at the end of experiment, blank group substrate top layer has obvious bait to accumulate, and the material on Sipunculus nudus group surface and fine sand obviously reduce; The content of organic matter in Sipunculus nudus group substrate top layer reduces at least 10% than control group.
Conclusion: above-mentioned experimental result illustrates that Sipunculus nudus can utilize and the organic matter (benthic diatom, plankton sedimentation and the residual bait of other animal etc.) in migration table surface sediments fast, and by defecate in depths, cave, it has significantly transfer ability downwards to entry material, and the nutrient component that can reduce in organic matter discharges to upper strata water body.The present embodiment illustrates that Sipunculus nudus effectively can improve cultivation substrate situation.
embodiment 3 Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in water-bed environment
Experimental technique: lay fine sand in indoor culture bottom of the barrel, carry out the cultivation of Sipunculus nudus.Be divided into blank group and Sipunculus nudus group, each processed group 6 repetition, mash feed of throwing something and feeding every day, culture experiment totally 60 days.Nitrogen at the end of determination test in breeding water body, phosphorus recycling content.
Experimental result: during off-test, the total nitrogen average content in Sipunculus nudus group breeding water body is 12.62mg/L, total phosphorus content is 0.85mg/L; And total nitrogen in blank group water body and total phosphorus content are respectively 14.56mg/L, 0.93mg/L.
Conclusion: the above results illustrates that the cultivation of Sipunculus nudus can reduce the accumulation of total nitrogen in water layer, compared with control group, its cultivation can reduce the nitrogen nutrition salt accumulation of in water layer nearly 13% and the total phosphorus substance accumulation of 9%, the growth of cultivated animals can be promoted, be conducive to the nutriment balance of breeding water body.The present embodiment further illustrates Sipunculus nudus effectively can improve breeding water body.
embodiment 4 Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in water-bed environment
Experimental technique: lay fine sand in indoor culture bottom of the barrel, carry out the cultivation of Sipunculus nudus.Be divided into blank group and Sipunculus nudus group, each processed group 6 repetition, mash feed of throwing something and feeding every day, culture experiment totally 60 days.Measure the redox potential of substrate mesexine, middle level and bottom.
Experimental result: at the end of experiment, Sipunculus nudus group and control group sediments top layer (0 ~ 3cm) redox potential are respectively 36mv and 8mv; Sediments middle level (4 ~ 10cm) redox potential is respectively-25mv and 50mv; Sediments bottom (10 ~ 20cm) is respectively-80mv and-50mv.
Conclusion: the above results illustrates Sipunculus nudus cultivation (30 ~ 50/m of Suitable Density
2) sediments superficial oxidation reduction potential value can be improved, improving the state of oxidation of surface deposit, be conducive to cultivated animals and perch the improvement with growing environment, for improving the dwell tolerance of cultivated animals and anti-stress ability of the end, there is effect; Reduce the degree of depth of reduction zone in substrate, also improve the microbiologic population in breeding water body simultaneously.
In addition, the piping network structure that Sipunculus nudus is formed in sediments is conducive to the exchange between heavy-oxygen-enriched water in the water body of upper strata and the anoxic Interstitial Water in sediments, can improve the state of sediment interstitial water, wherein Interstitial Water refers in bed mud space not by the mobile moisture of granular absorption.
embodiment 5 Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in water-bed environment
Experimental technique: lay fine sand in indoor culture bottom of the barrel, carry out the cultivation of Sipunculus nudus.Be divided into blank group and Sipunculus nudus group, each processed group 6 repetition, mash feed of throwing something and feeding every day, culture experiment totally 60 days.The content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen in Interstitial Water at the end of determination experiment.
Experimental result: test mid-term, Sipunculus nudus group top layer Interstitial Water ammonia-nitrogen content (0.04mg/L) is starkly lower than control group (0.07mg/L); At the end of experiment, in Sipunculus nudus group surface deposit Interstitial Water, ammonia-nitrogen content is 0.09mg/L, lower than the 0.13mg/L in control group Interstitial Water; Meanwhile, Sipunculus nudus group bottom Interstitial Water nitrate nitrogen content (0.07mg/L) is starkly lower than control group (0.125mg/L).
Conclusion: the above results illustrates Sipunculus nudus cultivation (30 ~ 50/m of Suitable Density
2) ammonia nitrogen, the nitrite nitrogen that are conducive to producing after Effects of Organic Matter in Sediments decomposes change into nitrate nitrogen under the effect of positro acceptor, nitrifying bacteria, reduces the harmfulness of organic matter decomposition.
embodiment 6 Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in water-bed environment
Experimental technique: the cultivation carrying out Sipunculus nudus in indoor culture case, places corrugated plating to adhere to the particulate organic matter matter such as benthic diatom, plankton sedimentation in pond bottom, cultivates after 3 ~ 5 days and scrubs for feeding Sipunculus nudus.Measure the growth of Sipunculus nudus and the effect of ingesting to attachment materials such as algae.
Experimental result: the survival rate of Sipunculus nudus is 100%, and its day specific growth rate is more than 1%.At the end of experiment, sandy top layer does not find the bait material accumulated substantially.
Conclusion: the above results illustrates that the bioturbation behavior of Sipunculus nudus can move and utilize surface deposit organic fast, especially first Sipunculus nudus utilizes the plankton of benthic diatom in sediments and sedimentation, known, Sipunculus nudus has strong removing utilization effect for the dead algae settled down, the toxin that dead algae produces can be reduced, be conducive to the health of the cultivated animals such as prawn.
In sum, the present invention finds to be moved to improve sediments physicochemical environment and biological characteristic surface deposit by Sipunculus nudus, improves the growing environment of other cultivated animals; Improve the material utilizations such as benthic diatom in cultivating system, plankton deposited particles and residual bait; Improve Penaeus monodon survival rate, improve the economic benefit of cultivating system.Therefore, Sipunculus nudus shows significant substrate repair function in cultivating system.Sipunculus nudus can as raising together with kind in pond, the husky end or other cultivating system.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body environment.
2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Sipunculus nudus is increasing the application in cultivating system Sediment Interstitial Water dissolved oxygen content.
3. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Sipunculus nudus is improving the application in breeding water body in microbiologic population.
4. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the application of Sipunculus nudus in migration and removing benthal deposit in organic matter.
5. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Sipunculus nudus is removing the application in benthal deposit.
6. application according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described sediments is at least one in benthic diatom, plankton, residual bait, excreta.
7. a Sipunculus nudus and Penaeus monodon method of raising together with, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) pond is cleaned;
2) stirred by pond silt and tan by the sun, the thickness of pond bottom fine sand is at more than 35cm;
3) intake: intake through the above screen filtration of 80 order;
4) sterilize: breeding water is carried out disinfection;
5) food organisms are cultivated: after breeding water sterilization, use the plankton in the rotten slurry of fish, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria cultivation pond, add suitable microorganism formulation regulation and control water quality in incubation, keeping water transparency to be 30 ~ 50cm, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5;
6) throw in Sipunculus nudus: when water temperature be more than 20 DEG C, salinity is 15 ~ 35, pH is 7.5 ~ 8.5, dissolved oxygen 4.5 ~ 8.0, ammonia-nitrogen content below 3.0mg/L, nitrite nitrogen content below 1.2mg/L, bottom hydrogen sulfide content at below 0.2mg/L time; Throw in Sipunculus nudus close to bait throwing in district, breeding density is 30 ~ 50/m
2; Then, throw in the laid mesh sheet in sandy region of Sipunculus nudus, ensureing that mesh sheet is not close to bottom, be beneficial to flowing and the mass exchange of water body; Meanwhile, prawn is reduced to the predation of Sipunculus nudus;
7) put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed: putting Sipunculus nudus in a suitable place to breed after 1 ~ 2 week, put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed, cultivation density is 50 ~ 80 tails/rice
2;
8) daily management: prawn material of throwing something and feeding every day, monitoring water quality;
9) catch prawn: put Penaeus monodon in a suitable place to breed after 3 ~ 4 months, track down and recover Penaeus monodon, Sipunculus nudus continues cultivation, and bait of no longer throwing something and feeding, only relies on natural bait;
10) gather in the crops Sipunculus nudus: track down and recover prawn after 60 ~ 80 days, discharge pond waters, collect the Sipunculus nudus exposed.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: plankton described in step 5) is at least one class in planktonic microalgae, copepoda, wheel animalcule, cladocera.
9. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: microorganism formulation described in step 5) is bacillus.
10. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in the daily management of step 8), is regularly scrubbed by the attachment material in mesh sheet, as one of the feed source of Sipunculus nudus, ensure that bottom water body flow and mass exchange simultaneously.
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