CN105047948A - Photocatalysis fuel cell - Google Patents
Photocatalysis fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN105047948A CN105047948A CN201510508409.9A CN201510508409A CN105047948A CN 105047948 A CN105047948 A CN 105047948A CN 201510508409 A CN201510508409 A CN 201510508409A CN 105047948 A CN105047948 A CN 105047948A
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- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZKCXDPUSFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxobismuth;hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.[Bi]=O OZKCXDPUSFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten trioxide Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O ZNOKGRXACCSDPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013033 photocatalytic degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008684 selective degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
- C02F2001/425—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange using cation exchangers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种光催化燃料电池。其反应容器被离子交换膜分隔成阳极室和阴极室；所述阴极室内为好氧环境；阳极室有光催化阳极，阴极室内置有生物阴极；阳极室设有阳极室进水口、阳极室出水口，阴极室设有阴极室进水口、阴极室出水口和阴极室出气口；所述阳极室出水口通过导管与所述阴极室进水口相连通；所述光催化阳极和所述生物阴极之间串联有外电阻。本发明将具有电化学活性的生物膜作为阴极催化剂，阳极室的光催化反应与阴极室的好氧生物反应相耦合，先将具有生物毒性的物质降解为毒性低的小分子，再进入阴极室进行生物降解，强化难降解污染物的去除；具有稳定、可再生的特点，避免了贵金属催化剂的使用，降低了装置的成本。
The invention discloses a photocatalytic fuel cell. The reaction vessel is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber by an ion exchange membrane; the cathode chamber is an aerobic environment; the anode chamber has a photocatalytic anode, and the cathode chamber is equipped with a biological cathode; the anode chamber is provided with an anode chamber water inlet, an anode chamber outlet The water outlet, the cathode chamber is provided with the cathode chamber water inlet, the cathode chamber water outlet and the cathode chamber gas outlet; the anode chamber water outlet is connected with the cathode chamber water inlet through a conduit; the photocatalytic anode and the bio-cathode There is an external resistor in series. In the present invention, the electrochemically active biofilm is used as the cathode catalyst, the photocatalytic reaction in the anode chamber is coupled with the aerobic biological reaction in the cathode chamber, and the biologically toxic substances are first degraded into small molecules with low toxicity, and then enter the cathode chamber It performs biodegradation and strengthens the removal of refractory pollutants; it has the characteristics of stability and regeneration, avoids the use of precious metal catalysts, and reduces the cost of the device.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种电池系统，尤其涉及一种光催化燃烧电池。 The invention relates to a battery system, in particular to a photocatalytic combustion battery.
背景技术 Background technique
能量和水资源的短缺，是全球面临的两个重要挑战，对人类社会可持续发展构成了严重威胁。污水中蕴含了巨大的能量，1kg化学需氧量（COD）完全氧化为水和CO2理论上可以产生3.86kW·h的能量，如果生活污水以400mg/LCOD计，则所含能量为1.544kW·h/m3，是我国污水处理厂处理1m3污水平均电耗的5.3倍。近几年光催化燃料电池（PFC）的出现和快速发展，也实现了从废水中回收电能，但现有的大多数PFC多采用铂作为阴极材料，使得PFC的成本大大提高；在处理难降解物质时，PFC出水仍有一部分小分子物质需进一步降解。 The shortage of energy and water resources are two important challenges facing the world and pose a serious threat to the sustainable development of human society. Sewage contains a huge amount of energy. The complete oxidation of 1kg of chemical oxygen demand (COD) into water and CO 2 can theoretically produce 3.86kW·h of energy. If domestic sewage is calculated at 400mg/LCOD, the energy contained in it is 1.544kW ·h/m 3 , which is 5.3 times of the average power consumption of China's sewage treatment plants to treat 1m 3 sewage. In recent years, the emergence and rapid development of photocatalytic fuel cells (PFCs) have also realized the recovery of electrical energy from wastewater, but most of the existing PFCs use platinum as the cathode material, which greatly increases the cost of PFCs; However, some small molecular substances in the PFC effluent still need to be further degraded.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种光催化燃料电池。 The object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalytic fuel cell.
为实现上述目的，本发明所采取的技术方案是：本发明光催化燃料电池包括反应容器，所述反应容器包括阳极室、光催化阳极、阴极室、生物阴极和离子交换膜；所述反应容器被所述离子交换膜分隔成阳极室和阴极室；所述阴极室内为好氧环境；阳极室内置有光催化阳极，阴极室内置有生物阴极；阳极室设有阳极室进水口、阳极室出水口，阴极室设有阴极室进水口、阴极室出水口和阴极室出气口；所述阳极室出水口通过导管与所述阴极室进水口相连通；所述光催化阳极和所述生物阴极之间串联有外电阻。 In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the photocatalytic fuel cell of the present invention comprises a reaction vessel, and the reaction vessel comprises an anode chamber, a photocatalytic anode, a cathode chamber, a biocathode and an ion exchange membrane; the reaction vessel An anode chamber and a cathode chamber are separated by the ion exchange membrane; the cathode chamber is an aerobic environment; the anode chamber is equipped with a photocatalytic anode, and the cathode chamber is equipped with a biological cathode; the anode chamber is provided with an anode chamber water inlet and an anode chamber outlet. The water outlet, the cathode chamber is provided with the cathode chamber water inlet, the cathode chamber water outlet and the cathode chamber gas outlet; the anode chamber water outlet is connected with the cathode chamber water inlet through a conduit; the photocatalytic anode and the bio-cathode There is an external resistor in series.
进一步地，本发明所述阳极室的侧壁上镶嵌有石英玻璃窗口。 Further, a quartz glass window is inlaid on the side wall of the anode chamber of the present invention.
进一步地，本发明在反应容器的外部设有光源，所述光源发射的光能够通过所述石英玻璃窗口进入所述阳极室内以使阳极室内的光催化阳极进行光催化反应。 Further, in the present invention, a light source is provided outside the reaction container, and the light emitted by the light source can enter the anode chamber through the quartz glass window so that the photocatalytic anode in the anode chamber can perform photocatalytic reaction.
进一步地，本发明还包括为所述阴极室提供氧气的供氧装置。 Further, the present invention also includes an oxygen supply device for supplying oxygen to the cathode chamber.
进一步地，本发明所述供氧装置包括相互连通的曝气头和空气泵，其中，所述曝气头置于阴极室内，所述空气泵置于所述反应容器的外部。 Further, the oxygen supply device of the present invention includes an aeration head and an air pump connected to each other, wherein the aeration head is placed in the cathode chamber, and the air pump is placed outside the reaction vessel.
进一步地，本发明所述阴极室的顶部呈敞口状，该敞口为所述阴极室出气口。 Further, the top of the cathode chamber in the present invention is open, and the opening is the gas outlet of the cathode chamber.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有的有益效果是：（1）采用阳极室的光催化反应与阴极室的好氧生物反应相耦合，利用光催化无选择性降解污染物的特性，先将具有生物毒性的物质降解为毒性低的小分子，再进入阴极室进行生物降解，强化难降解污染物的去除；（2）采用具有电化学活性的生物膜作为阴极催化剂，在生长代谢的同时催化阴极反应，具有稳定、可再生的特点，避免了贵金属催化剂的使用，降低了装置的成本；（3）采用离子交换膜将阳极室的光催化反应和阴极室的生物反应分隔开，保障阴极室的生物反应不受阳极室的光催化反应的影响；（4）能以废水为燃料生产电能，实现废水处理和产电的同步进行，有效回收废水中所蕴含的能量，降低废水处理的成本。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The photocatalytic reaction of the anode chamber is coupled with the aerobic biological reaction of the cathode chamber, and the non-selective degradation of pollutants by photocatalysis is used. Biotoxic substances are degraded into small molecules with low toxicity, and then enter the cathode chamber for biodegradation to strengthen the removal of refractory pollutants; (2) Use electrochemically active biofilms as cathode catalysts to catalyze while growing and metabolizing The cathode reaction is stable and reproducible, which avoids the use of precious metal catalysts and reduces the cost of the device; (3) uses an ion exchange membrane to separate the photocatalytic reaction in the anode chamber from the biological reaction in the cathode chamber to ensure that the cathode The biological reaction in the chamber is not affected by the photocatalytic reaction in the anode chamber; (4) Wastewater can be used as fuel to produce electricity, realize the synchronization of waste water treatment and electricity production, effectively recover the energy contained in waste water, and reduce the cost of waste water treatment .
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明光催化燃料电池的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the photocatalytic fuel cell of the present invention.
图中：1-阳极室进水口，2-阳极室，3-离子交换膜，4-阴极室，5-阴极室出水口，6-光催化阳极，7-生物阴极，8-外电阻，9-阳极室出水口，10-阴极室进水口，11-曝气头，12-空气泵，13-阴极室出气口，14-反应容器，15-石英玻璃窗口，16-光源，17.导管。 In the figure: 1-anode chamber water inlet, 2-anode chamber, 3-ion exchange membrane, 4-cathode chamber, 5-cathode chamber water outlet, 6-photocatalytic anode, 7-biological cathode, 8-external resistance, 9 - water outlet of anode chamber, 10 - water inlet of cathode chamber, 11 - aeration head, 12 - air pump, 13 - air outlet of cathode chamber, 14 - reaction vessel, 15 - quartz glass window, 16 - light source, 17. conduit.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如图1所示，本发明光催化燃料电池包括反应容器14，反应容器14包括阳极室2、阴极室4和离子交换膜3。反应容器14被离子交换膜3分隔成阳极室2和阴极室4；光催化阳极6置于阳极室2内，生物阴极7置于阴极室4内。本发明利用离子交换膜3将阳极室2的光催化反应和阴极室4的生物反应分隔开，保障阴极室4的生物反应不受阳极室2的光催化反应的影响。本发明可在阴极室4内接种好氧污泥，从而使得阴极室4为好氧环境。阳极室2设有阳极室进水口1和阳极室出水口9，阴极室4设有阴极室进水口10、阴极室出水口5和阴极室出气口13。阳极室出水口9通过导管17与阴极室进水口10相连通。光催化阳极6与生物阴极7之间串联有外电阻8。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the photocatalytic fuel cell of the present invention includes a reaction vessel 14 , and the reaction vessel 14 includes an anode chamber 2 , a cathode chamber 4 and an ion exchange membrane 3 . The reaction vessel 14 is divided into an anode chamber 2 and a cathode chamber 4 by an ion exchange membrane 3; the photocatalytic anode 6 is placed in the anode chamber 2, and the biocathode 7 is placed in the cathode chamber 4. The present invention uses the ion exchange membrane 3 to separate the photocatalytic reaction of the anode chamber 2 from the biological reaction of the cathode chamber 4 to ensure that the biological reaction of the cathode chamber 4 is not affected by the photocatalytic reaction of the anode chamber 2 . The present invention can inoculate aerobic sludge in the cathode chamber 4, so that the cathode chamber 4 is an aerobic environment. The anode chamber 2 is provided with an anode chamber water inlet 1 and an anode chamber water outlet 9 , and the cathode chamber 4 is provided with a cathode chamber water inlet 10 , a cathode chamber water outlet 5 and a cathode chamber gas outlet 13 . The water outlet 9 of the anode chamber communicates with the water inlet 10 of the cathode chamber through a conduit 17 . An external resistor 8 is connected in series between the photocatalytic anode 6 and the biocathode 7 .
本发明在阳极室2的侧壁上密封镶嵌有石英玻璃窗口15。在石英玻璃窗口15的外部设有光源16，光源16正对石英玻璃窗口15，使得光源16发射的光能够通过石英玻璃窗口15进入阳极室2，从而使阳极室2内的光催化阳极6在光源16发射的光的作用下发生光催化反应。 In the present invention, a quartz glass window 15 is sealed and inlaid on the side wall of the anode chamber 2 . The outside of quartz glass window 15 is provided with light source 16, and light source 16 faces quartz glass window 15, makes the light that light source 16 emits can enter anode chamber 2 through quartz glass window 15, thereby makes the photocatalytic anode 6 in the anode chamber 2 A photocatalytic reaction occurs under the action of light emitted by the light source 16 .
本发明可利用供氧装置为阴极室4提供氧气。来自供氧装置的氧气进入阴极室4内。作为本发明的一种实施方式，供氧装置可由相互连通的曝气头11和空气泵12组成。其中，曝气头11置于阴极室4内，空气泵12置于反应容器14外，曝气头11通过穿过反应容器14底部的导气管与空气泵12连通。 In the present invention, the oxygen supply device can be used to provide oxygen to the cathode chamber 4 . Oxygen enters the cathode chamber 4 from the oxygen supply. As an embodiment of the present invention, the oxygen supply device may be composed of an aeration head 11 and an air pump 12 that communicate with each other. Wherein, the aeration head 11 is placed in the cathode chamber 4 , the air pump 12 is placed outside the reaction vessel 14 , and the aeration head 11 communicates with the air pump 12 through an air duct passing through the bottom of the reaction vessel 14 .
本发明光催化燃料电池工作时，先将废水由阳极室进水口1引入到阳极室2内，在阳极室2内的光催化阳极6发生光催化反应后流出阳极室出水口9，然后通过外接导管17经阴极室进水口10流入至阴极室4内，再经阴极室4作好氧处理后通过阴极室出水口5流出反应容器14。作为本发明的一种实施方式，可使阳极室2的水位高于阴极室4的水位，从而利用两者的水位差使阳极室2内的废水通过导管17溢流至阴极室4内。 When the photocatalytic fuel cell of the present invention is working, waste water is first introduced into the anode chamber 2 from the anode chamber water inlet 1, and the photocatalytic anode 6 in the anode chamber 2 undergoes a photocatalytic reaction and flows out of the anode chamber water outlet 9, and then passes through the external The conduit 17 flows into the cathode chamber 4 through the water inlet 10 of the cathode chamber, and then flows out of the reaction vessel 14 through the water outlet 5 of the cathode chamber after undergoing aerobic treatment in the cathode chamber 4 . As an embodiment of the present invention, the water level of the anode chamber 2 can be made higher than the water level of the cathode chamber 4, so that the waste water in the anode chamber 2 overflows into the cathode chamber 4 through the conduit 17 by utilizing the water level difference between the two.
为使阴极室4保持好氧环境，可在阴极室4内接种好氧污泥。来自外部的废水经过阳极室2时，光催化阳极6在光源16照射作用下，可将废水中具有生物毒性的物质降解为毒性低的小分子有机物；小分子有机物可在光催化作用下进一步降解，同时产生电子和质子。其中，光催化阳极6所产生的电子流经外电阻8到达生物阴极7上，光催化阳极6所产生的质子则由离子交换膜3进入阴极室4内。生物阴极7上的电子与阴极室4内的质子和氧气在好氧生物催化作用下反应最终生成水；同时，具有生物毒性的物质经光催化降解后的毒性低的小分子有机物更易被好氧微生物在生长代谢中降解。阴极室4内的氧气主要由供氧装置提供。此外，废水自阳极室2流入阴极室4内后，废水中的含氮的化合物在阴极微生物的催化下，发生硝化及反硝化等反应，其主要反应的反应式为：NH4 ++2O2→NO3 -+H2O+2H+、2NO3 -+12H++10e-→N2+6H2O，由此最终生成氮气由阴极室出气口13排出，从而实现总氮的去除。 In order to keep the cathode chamber 4 in an aerobic environment, aerobic sludge can be inoculated in the cathode chamber 4 . When the wastewater from the outside passes through the anode chamber 2, the photocatalytic anode 6 can degrade the biologically toxic substances in the wastewater into low-toxic small molecular organic substances under the irradiation of the light source 16; the small molecular organic substances can be further degraded under the action of photocatalysis , producing electrons and protons simultaneously. Among them, the electrons generated by the photocatalytic anode 6 flow through the external resistor 8 to the biocathode 7 , and the protons generated by the photocatalytic anode 6 enter the cathode chamber 4 through the ion exchange membrane 3 . The electrons on the biocathode 7 react with the protons and oxygen in the cathode chamber 4 under the action of aerobic biocatalysis to finally generate water; at the same time, the organic substances with low toxicity after photocatalytic degradation of biotoxic substances are more likely to be aerobic. Microorganisms degrade during growth and metabolism. Oxygen in the cathode chamber 4 is mainly provided by an oxygen supply device. In addition, after the wastewater flows from the anode chamber 2 into the cathode chamber 4, the nitrogen-containing compounds in the wastewater undergo nitrification and denitrification reactions under the catalysis of cathode microorganisms, and the main reaction formula is: NH 4 + +2O 2 →NO 3 − +H 2 O+2H + , 2NO 3 − +12H + +10e − →N 2 +6H 2 O, thus finally generating nitrogen gas which is discharged from the gas outlet 13 of the cathode chamber, thereby realizing the removal of total nitrogen.
本发明的阴极室4的顶部优选呈敞口状，并以此敞口作为阴极室出气口13，使得阴极室4内生成的氮气可以很好地从阴极室出气口13排除，同时方便阴极室4的曝气。 The top of the cathode chamber 4 of the present invention is preferably open, and this opening is used as the cathode chamber gas outlet 13, so that the nitrogen generated in the cathode chamber 4 can be well removed from the cathode chamber gas outlet 13, and the cathode chamber is convenient. 4 Aeration.
离子交换膜3可选用质子交换膜或阳离子交换膜。离子交换膜3在本发明反应容器中起到了双重作用：一是将阳极室2的光催化反应和阴极室4的生物反应分隔开，保障阴极室4的生物反应不受阳极室2光催化反应的影响；二是将光催化阳极6所产生的质子由阳极室2传输至阴极室4内，保证本发明电池进行正常工作。 Ion-exchange membrane 3 can be selected as proton-exchange membrane or cation-exchange membrane. The ion-exchange membrane 3 has played a dual role in the reaction vessel of the present invention: one is to separate the photocatalytic reaction of the anode chamber 2 from the biological reaction of the cathode chamber 4, so as to ensure that the biological reaction of the cathode chamber 4 is not affected by the photocatalysis of the anode chamber 2. The impact of the reaction; the second is to transmit the protons produced by the photocatalytic anode 6 from the anode chamber 2 to the cathode chamber 4 to ensure the normal operation of the battery of the present invention.
光催化阳极6可为半导体材料附着在导电基底上，其中，半导体材料可选用二氧化钛、氧化锌、三氧化钨、硫化钼、溴氧化铋等。 The photocatalytic anode 6 can be a semiconductor material attached to a conductive substrate, wherein the semiconductor material can be titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tungsten trioxide, molybdenum sulfide, bismuth oxybromide and the like.
光源16可根据光催化阳极6半导体材料的性质决定。例如，当光催化阳极6所用的半导体材料选用溴氧化铋等可见光光催化剂时，则光源16可使用可见光光源，如太阳光、氙灯等；当光催化阳极6所用的半导体材料选用二氧化钛等紫外光光催化剂时，则光源16使用紫外光光源，如汞灯等。 The light source 16 can be determined according to the properties of the semiconductor material of the photocatalytic anode 6 . For example, when the semiconductor material used in the photocatalytic anode 6 selects visible light photocatalysts such as bismuth oxybromide, the light source 16 can use visible light sources, such as sunlight, xenon lamp, etc.; when the semiconductor material used in the photocatalytic anode 6 selects ultraviolet light such as titanium dioxide In the case of photocatalyst, the light source 16 is an ultraviolet light source, such as a mercury lamp.
生物阴极7为附着在载体上的具有电化学活性的生物膜，其中，载体可选用碳纸、碳布、碳纤维刷或碳毡。生物阴极7的微生物可以催化还原氧气，并且生物膜中还包含硝化细菌和反硝化细菌可以去除废水中的含氮化合物，最终变成氮气排出。生物阴极7具有稳定、可再生的特点，避免了贵金属催化剂的使用，降低了装置的成本。 The biocathode 7 is an electrochemically active biofilm attached to a carrier, wherein the carrier can be selected from carbon paper, carbon cloth, carbon fiber brush or carbon felt. The microorganisms in the biocathode 7 can catalyze the reduction of oxygen, and the biofilm also contains nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, which can remove nitrogen-containing compounds in the wastewater, and finally turn them into nitrogen gas for discharge. The biocathode 7 has the characteristics of stability and regeneration, avoids the use of noble metal catalysts, and reduces the cost of the device.
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