CN105047250B - Aluminum paste composition and solar cell module using the composition - Google Patents
Aluminum paste composition and solar cell module using the composition Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910020410 SiO2—B2O3—PbO Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
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- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MQHJMLHRUFGVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-butoxyethoxy)butanoic acid;2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCCC(O)=O.CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O MQHJMLHRUFGVOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSGYVGAJCRFWHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butoxybutanoic acid;2-butoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC(O)=O.CCCCOCCOC(C)=O SSGYVGAJCRFWHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolane-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)C1 JCGNDDUYTRNOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
本发明提供一种铝膏组合物，包含(a)铝粉、(b)玻璃粉、(c)黏合剂、以及(d)分散剂，其中，以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计，该铝粉之含量为40重量％至60重量％，该玻璃粉之含量为0.1重量％至10重量％，该黏合剂之含量为30重量％至58重量％，该分散剂之含量为至少0.2重量％；以及以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计，该铝粉与该玻璃粉中之氧含量总和为0.4重量％至1.0重量％。本发明亦提供一种太阳能电池组件，其包含将上述铝膏组合物涂布于硅半导体基材背面上后干燥并进行烧结所形成之电极或导线。
The present invention provides an aluminum paste composition, comprising (a) aluminum powder, (b) glass powder, (c) a binder, and (d) a dispersant, wherein, based on the total weight of components (a) to (d), the content of the aluminum powder is 40 wt% to 60 wt%, the content of the glass powder is 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%, the content of the binder is 30 wt% to 58 wt%, and the content of the dispersant is at least 0.2 wt%; and based on the total weight of components (a) and (b), the total oxygen content in the aluminum powder and the glass powder is 0.4 wt% to 1.0 wt%. The present invention also provides a solar cell component, comprising an electrode or a wire formed by coating the aluminum paste composition on the back of a silicon semiconductor substrate, drying it, and sintering it.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明系关于一种铝膏组合物及应用彼之太阳能电池组件；尤其系关于一种用于在硅晶太阳能电池背面形成电极或导线用之铝膏组合物及应用彼之太阳能电池组件，该太阳能电池较佳具有背面钝化层。The present invention relates to an aluminum paste composition and a solar cell assembly using the same; especially relates to an aluminum paste composition for forming electrodes or wires on the back of a silicon solar cell and a solar cell assembly using the same. The solar cell preferably has a rear passivation layer.
背景技术Background technique
随着科技与经济的快速发展，能源的需求也大幅度的增加。现今使用量最大的石油、天然气、煤等原料的存量不断减少，因此必须仰赖其他新兴能源来满足日益增加的能源需求。太阳能因具有低污染性及容易取得等优点，为目前最被看好且最重要的新兴能源来源之一。With the rapid development of science and technology and economy, the demand for energy has also increased significantly. The stocks of raw materials such as oil, natural gas, and coal, which are the most used today, are constantly decreasing, so we must rely on other emerging energy sources to meet the increasing energy demand. Solar energy is currently one of the most promising and important emerging energy sources due to its advantages of low pollution and easy acquisition.
太阳能电池系利用光电效应(photovoltaic effect)将光能转换为电能之半导体组件，在太阳能电池的发展中，能量转换效率为设计之一重要考虑，但由于电子与空穴对常因为于太阳能电池内部再结合而无法利用，从而降低太阳能电池之光电转换效率。为减少电子空穴对之再结合，已知可于背面电极与p型硅半导体基材间形成一带负电之钝化层(如氧化铝层)，以限制少数载子(minority carrier)运动方向，减少电子朝背面电极方向移动，进而减少电子与空穴对再结合之机率，延长少数载子生命期，以提高光电转换效率，此一现象称为「背电场效应(back surface field effect)」，背面钝化工艺除钝化层外其余同现有工艺，并具有可使载子寿命(life time)增加，增加长波长(红外线区域)光反射及吸收等优点。A solar cell is a semiconductor component that converts light energy into electrical energy by using the photovoltaic effect. In the development of solar cells, energy conversion efficiency is an important consideration in the design, but because electrons and holes are often formed inside solar cells Recombined and unusable, thereby reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. In order to reduce the recombination of electron-hole pairs, it is known that a negatively charged passivation layer (such as an aluminum oxide layer) can be formed between the back electrode and the p-type silicon semiconductor substrate to limit the movement direction of minority carriers. Reduce the movement of electrons towards the back electrode, thereby reducing the probability of recombination of electrons and holes, prolonging the lifetime of minority carriers, and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. This phenomenon is called "back surface field effect". The rear passivation process is the same as the existing process except for the passivation layer, and has the advantages of increasing the carrier lifetime (life time), increasing long-wavelength (infrared region) light reflection and absorption, and the like.
近年来已有发展于太阳能电池结构背面形成局部背电场结构(local backsurface field，LBSF)以提高能量转换效率之研究。第1图例示一具背面钝化层结构之太阳能电池之制造流程示意图，其中系在一p型硅基材1上形成一n型掺杂层2，3为p型硅基材正面，4为p型硅基材背面，并于该p型硅基材之正面3与背面4形成介电层5及钝化层6，而后将p型硅基材背面4之介电层5及钝化层6局部蚀除，以暴露出部分p型硅基材1，随后将铝膏7(即含铝膏状物，以下称为铝膏)丝网印刷于经局部蚀刻除去之介电层5及钝化层6及所暴露出之p型硅基材1，随后进行热处理(如烘干、烧结处理)以使铝膏7固化成铝层7’并形成导电接触部8，在热处理过程中，铝膏7所含之铝会扩散进入p型硅基材1，使p型硅基材1的局部形成背电场结构(back surface field，BSF)10以及铝-硅合金9。背电场结构10可以阻止电子朝p型硅基材背面4方向移动，进而减少电子与空穴对再结合之机率，故能延长载子生命期，提升太阳能电池的转换效率。In recent years, there has been research on forming a local backsurface field (LBSF) structure on the back of the solar cell structure to improve energy conversion efficiency. Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of a solar cell with a rear passivation layer structure, wherein an n-type doped layer 2 is formed on a p-type silicon substrate 1, 3 is the front side of the p-type silicon substrate, and 4 is The back side of the p-type silicon substrate, and a dielectric layer 5 and a passivation layer 6 are formed on the front side 3 and the back side 4 of the p-type silicon substrate, and then the dielectric layer 5 and the passivation layer on the back side 4 of the p-type silicon substrate are formed 6 Partial etching to expose part of the p-type silicon substrate 1, and then screen-print aluminum paste 7 (namely, aluminum-containing paste, hereinafter referred to as aluminum paste) on the dielectric layer 5 and passivation layer removed by partial etching. The layer 6 and the exposed p-type silicon substrate 1 are then subjected to heat treatment (such as drying and sintering) to solidify the aluminum paste 7 into an aluminum layer 7' and form a conductive contact 8. During the heat treatment, the aluminum The aluminum contained in the paste 7 will diffuse into the p-type silicon substrate 1 , so that a back surface field (BSF) 10 and an aluminum-silicon alloy 9 are locally formed on the p-type silicon substrate 1 . The back electric field structure 10 can prevent electrons from moving toward the back surface 4 of the p-type silicon substrate, thereby reducing the probability of electron-hole recombination, thus prolonging the lifetime of carriers and improving the conversion efficiency of solar cells.
惟，实际应用上常发生因铝膏性能不佳，造成烧结后所得之电极/导线与钝化层间之黏附性不佳，且铝-硅合金9孔隙率过高，使得所制太阳能电池效能不如预期，且耐候性差、使用寿命短的结果。However, in practical applications, poor performance of the aluminum paste often results in poor adhesion between the electrodes/wires obtained after sintering and the passivation layer, and the high porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy 9 reduces the performance of the solar cells produced. Not as expected, with poor weather resistance and short service life as a result.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于此，本发明提供一种铝膏组合物，其所形成之电极/导线与附着表面之黏附性佳，不易剥落，及铝-硅合金孔隙率低。本发明还提供应用所述铝膏组合物的太阳能电池。In view of this, the present invention provides an aluminum paste composition, the electrode/wire formed by it has good adhesion to the attachment surface, is not easy to peel off, and has a low porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy. The invention also provides a solar cell using the aluminum paste composition.
本发明之一目的在于提供一种铝膏组合物，其特征在于,包含：(a)铝粉；(b)玻璃粉；(c)黏合剂；以及(d)分散剂，其中，以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计，所述铝粉之含量为40重量％至60重量％，所述玻璃粉之含量为0.1重量％至10重量％，所述黏合剂之含量为30重量％至58重量％，所述分散剂之含量为至少0.2重量％；以及以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计，所述铝粉与该玻璃粉中之氧含量总和为0.4重量％至1.0重量％。One object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum paste composition, which is characterized in that it comprises: (a) aluminum powder; (b) glass powder; (c) adhesive; and (d) dispersant, wherein the composition ( Based on the total weight of a) to (d), the content of the aluminum powder is 40% by weight to 60% by weight, the content of the glass powder is 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight, and the content of the binder is 30% by weight % to 58% by weight, the content of the dispersant is at least 0.2% by weight; and based on the total weight of components (a) and (b), the sum of the oxygen content in the aluminum powder and the glass powder is 0.4% by weight to 1.0% by weight.
本发明之另一目的在于提供一种具背面钝化层之太阳能电池组件，其包含将上述铝膏组合物印刷于硅基材上后经干燥及烧结后所形成之电极或导线。Another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module with a back passivation layer, which includes electrodes or wires formed by printing the above-mentioned aluminum paste composition on a silicon substrate, drying and sintering.
具体地，本发明提供一种具背面钝化层之太阳能电池组件，其特征在于,包含由本发明之铝膏组合物经烘干及烧结后所形成之电极或导线及铝-硅合金与背电场结构。Specifically, the present invention provides a solar cell module with a backside passivation layer, which is characterized in that it includes electrodes or wires, aluminum-silicon alloys and back electric field formed by drying and sintering the aluminum paste composition of the present invention. structure.
本发明的铝膏组合物所形成之电极/导线与附着表面之黏附性佳，不易剥落，且铝-硅合金孔隙率低。而且应用本发明的铝膏组合物得到的太阳能电池发电效率良好、耐候性佳、使用寿命长。The electrode/wire formed by the aluminum paste composition of the present invention has good adhesion to the attachment surface, is not easy to peel off, and has a low porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy. Moreover, the solar cell obtained by applying the aluminum paste composition of the invention has good power generation efficiency, good weather resistance and long service life.
为使本发明之上述目的、技术特征及优点能更明显易懂，下文系以部分具体实施方式进行详细说明。In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, technical features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following is a detailed description of some specific implementations.
附图说明Description of drawings
第1图系现有技术中具背面钝化层太阳能电池之制造流程示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of a solar cell with a back passivation layer in the prior art.
1 p型硅基材1 p-type silicon substrate
2 n型掺杂层2 n-type doped layer
3 p型硅基材正面3 p-type silicon substrate front side
4 p型硅基材背面4 p-type silicon substrate backside
5 介电层5 dielectric layer
6 钝化层6 passivation layer
7 铝膏7 aluminum paste
7’ 铝层7’ aluminum layer
8 导电接触部8 Conductive contacts
9 铝-硅合金9 Aluminum-silicon alloy
10 背电场结构10 Back electric field structure
具体实施方式detailed description
以下将具体地描述根据本发明之部分具体实施方式；惟，在不背离本发明之精神下，本发明尚可以多种不同形式之方式来实践，不应将本发明保护范围解释为限于说明书所陈述者。此外，除非文中有另外说明，于本说明书中(尤其是在后述专利申请范围中)，所使用之「一」、「该」及类似用语应理解为包含单数及复数形式；且用语「约」意指由一般熟习此项技术者所测定之特定值的可接受误差，该可接受误差视量测方式而定。另外，为明确起见，图式中可能夸示各组件及区域的尺寸，而未按照实际比例绘示。The following will specifically describe some specific implementations according to the present invention; but, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, the present invention can still be practiced in a variety of different forms, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to those described in the description. declarant. In addition, unless otherwise stated in the text, in this specification (especially in the scope of the following patent applications), the words "a", "the" and similar terms used should be understood as including singular and plural forms; and the term "about " means the acceptable error for a particular value as determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art, depending on the method of measurement. In addition, for the sake of clarity, the dimensions of various components and regions may be exaggerated in the drawings, but not drawn according to actual scale.
铝导电胶的性质对太阳能电池组件之稳定性有很大的影响，然而，一般铝导电膏在烧结时金属熔融液相润湿性差，导致烧结后所得之电极/导线与钝化层之间之黏附性不佳，且铝-硅合金孔隙率过高，使得所制太阳能电池效能不如预期，本发明铝膏组合物系包含铝粉、玻璃粉、黏合剂、及分散剂等成分，经研究发现，其中铝粉及玻璃粉中之氧含量对于所制得之电极/导线之性质及太阳能电池的性能有着关键性的影响，且仅在特定条件下，方能形成黏附性佳、孔隙率低之电极或导线，及耐候性佳、使用寿命长且发电效率高的太阳能电池。特定言之，若该氧含量以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计低于0.4重量％，则所制太阳能电池之电极/导线之黏附性不佳；反之，若该氧含量以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计高于1重量％，则铝-硅合金之孔隙率会提高，造成电极及/或导线与铝-硅合金的串联电阻提高，发电效率降低，且太阳能电池耐候性不佳(无法通过耐水煮测试)。尤其，不论氧含量低于或高于所指定之氧含量范围，所制太阳能电池之发电效率均大幅低于符合指定氧含量范围条件之方式。于本发明之部分实施方式中，氧含量以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计为0.45重量％至0.8重量％。The properties of the aluminum conductive paste have a great influence on the stability of the solar cell module. However, the general aluminum conductive paste has poor wettability of the metal molten liquid phase during sintering, resulting in a gap between the electrode/wire and the passivation layer obtained after sintering. Adhesion is not good, and the porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy is too high, so that the performance of the solar cell is not as expected. The aluminum paste composition of the present invention contains aluminum powder, glass powder, adhesive, and dispersant. After research, it is found that Among them, the oxygen content in aluminum powder and glass powder has a key influence on the properties of the electrode/wire and the performance of the solar cell, and only under certain conditions can a good adhesion and low porosity be formed. Electrodes or wires, and solar cells with good weather resistance, long service life and high power generation efficiency. Specifically, if the oxygen content is lower than 0.4% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b), the adhesion of the electrodes/wires of the solar cell is not good; on the contrary, if the oxygen content is based on the component The total weight of (a) and (b) is higher than 1% by weight, then the porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy will increase, causing the series resistance of the electrode and/or wire and the aluminum-silicon alloy to increase, the power generation efficiency will decrease, and the solar energy The battery is not weather resistant (fails to pass the water boiling test). In particular, no matter whether the oxygen content is lower or higher than the specified oxygen content range, the power generation efficiency of the manufactured solar cells is significantly lower than that of the method meeting the specified oxygen content range conditions. In some embodiments of the present invention, the oxygen content is 0.45% to 0.8% by weight based on the total weight of components (a) and (b).
本发明铝膏组合物包含铝粉(a)之含量以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计为40重量％至60重量％，较佳为重量45％至60重量％。于不受理论限制下，咸信若铝粉(a)含量低于指定范围(低于40重量％)，将使得铝膏组合物中之铝与基材中之硅的反应性不足，所形成之背电场结构(BSF)厚度不足，背电场效应不佳，电阻较高，且发电效率低；反之，若铝粉(a)含量高于指定范围(高于60重量％)，将因为铝膏组合物中之铝含量过高，使得在热处理过程中反应形成BSF之速度过快，造成铝-硅合金的孔隙率上升，电阻提高，因而使得太阳能电池之发电效率降低。于本发明之部分实施方式中，铝粉(a)含量以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计为47重量％至58重量％。The aluminum paste composition of the present invention comprises aluminum powder (a) in an amount of 40% to 60% by weight based on the total weight of components (a) to (d), preferably 45% to 60% by weight. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that if the content of the aluminum powder (a) is lower than the specified range (less than 40% by weight), the reactivity of the aluminum in the aluminum paste composition and the silicon in the substrate will be insufficient, resulting in the formation of The thickness of the back field structure (BSF) is insufficient, the back field effect is not good, the resistance is high, and the power generation efficiency is low; on the contrary, if the content of the aluminum powder (a) is higher than the specified range (higher than 60% by weight), it will be caused by the aluminum paste If the aluminum content in the composition is too high, the speed of reaction to form BSF in the heat treatment process is too fast, causing the porosity and resistance of the aluminum-silicon alloy to increase, thereby reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of the aluminum powder (a) is 47% to 58% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) to (d).
于符合所指定氧含量条件之前提下，铝粉(a)之种类并无特殊限制，可使用任何现有技术中之铝粉。举例言之，铝粉(a)可为选自以下群组之成分：铝金属、铝合金、氧化铝、及前述之组合。另外需说明者，经实验发现，铝粉(a)之平均粒径对于其氧含量有所影响，以同样重量之铝粉(a)而言，粒径越小，氧含量相对越高，粒径越大则氧含量越低。实验计算后获悉，铝粉(a)之平均粒径较佳为3微米至8微米，更佳为4微米至7微米，以利所欲铝膏组合物之配制。咸信当铝粉(a)之平均粒径太小(如小于3微米)，则铝-硅合金孔隙率较高，反之，当铝粉(a)之平均粒径太大(如大于8微米)，则电极/导线黏附性较差。Under the premise of meeting the specified oxygen content conditions, the type of aluminum powder (a) is not particularly limited, and any aluminum powder in the prior art can be used. For example, the aluminum powder (a) may be a component selected from the group consisting of aluminum metal, aluminum alloy, alumina, and combinations thereof. In addition, it should be explained that the average particle size of aluminum powder (a) has an influence on its oxygen content. For aluminum powder (a) of the same weight, the smaller the particle size, the higher the oxygen content. The larger the diameter, the lower the oxygen content. After experimental calculation, it is known that the average particle size of the aluminum powder (a) is preferably 3 microns to 8 microns, more preferably 4 microns to 7 microns, so as to facilitate the preparation of the desired aluminum paste composition. It is believed that when the average particle size of the aluminum powder (a) is too small (such as less than 3 microns), the porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy is higher. On the contrary, when the average particle size of the aluminum powder (a) is too large (such as greater than 8 microns ), the electrode/lead adhesion is poor.
于本发明铝膏组合物中，玻璃粉(b)可于烧结过程中发生氧化还原反应，于铝膏组合物表面形成一致密的氧化层，阻隔外部水气进入与铝反应。玻璃粉(b)之含量以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计较佳为0.1重量％至10重量％。于不受理论限制下，咸信若玻璃粉(b)含量低于指定范围(低于0.1重量％)，将使得铝膏组合物中之铝与基材中之硅的反应性不足，所形成之背电场结构(BSF)厚度不足，背电场效应不佳，电阻较高，且太阳能电池之发电效率较低，另外，铝膏组合物所形成之电极/导线与附着表面(通常为钝化层，如氮化硅)间的黏附性也会变差，容易剥落，在此情况下，容易因外部水气进入，影响太阳能电池的性能与使用寿命；反之，若玻璃粉(b)含量高于指定范围(高于10重量％)，将造成铝-硅合金孔隙率上升，造成电阻提高，太阳能电池之发电效率降低。于本发明之部分实施方式中，玻璃粉(b)含量以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计为0.5重量％至5重量％。In the aluminum paste composition of the present invention, the glass frit (b) can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions during the sintering process, forming a dense oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum paste composition to block external moisture from entering and reacting with aluminum. The content of glass powder (b) is preferably 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight based on the total weight of components (a) to (d). Without being limited by theory, it is believed that if the content of the glass powder (b) is lower than the specified range (less than 0.1% by weight), the reactivity of the aluminum in the aluminum paste composition with the silicon in the substrate will be insufficient, and the formed The thickness of the back field structure (BSF) is insufficient, the back field effect is not good, the resistance is high, and the power generation efficiency of the solar cell is low. In addition, the electrode/wire and the adhesion surface (usually a passivation layer) formed by the aluminum paste composition , such as silicon nitride), the adhesion between them will also become poor and easy to peel off. In this case, it is easy to enter due to external moisture, which will affect the performance and service life of the solar cell; A specified range (higher than 10% by weight) will increase the porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy, increase the resistance, and reduce the power generation efficiency of the solar cell. In some embodiments of the present invention, the content of the glass powder (b) is 0.5% to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) to (d).
于符合所指定氧含量条件之前提下，玻璃粉(b)之种类并无特殊限制，可使用任何现有技术中之玻璃粉。现有技术中玻璃粉(b)之具体实例包括但不限于选自以下群组者：Under the premise of meeting the specified oxygen content conditions, the type of glass powder (b) is not particularly limited, and any glass powder in the prior art can be used. Specific examples of glass powder (b) in the prior art include but are not limited to those selected from the following groups:
SiO2-B2O3-PbO、SiO2-B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Al2O3-Li2O-Tl2O3、SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -PbO, SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-Al 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Tl 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-SrO-Bi2O3-B2O3-Al2O3、PbO-SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3、SiO 2 -SrO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 , PbO-SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-B2O3-PbO-Al2O3-ZrO2、Bi2O3-ZnO-SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3、SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -PbO-Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 , Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-PbO-ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3-TiO2、SiO2-PbO-ZnO-B2O3-Al2O3、SiO 2 -PbO-ZnO-B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -TiO 2 , SiO 2 -PbO-ZnO-B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-Bi2O3-B2O3-Al2O3-Tl-ZnO、PbO-B2O3-SiO2、SiO 2 -Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -Tl-ZnO, PbO-B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ,
Bi2O3-SiO2-ZnO-V2O5、Bi2O3-SiO2-ZnO、B2O3-SiO2-Al2O3、Bi 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -ZnO-V 2 O 5 , Bi 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -ZnO, B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 ,
B2O3-SiO2-V2O5、Bi2O3-SiO2-B2O3-K2O、B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -V 2 O 5 , Bi 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -K 2 O,
Bi2O3-SiO2-ZnO-B2O3-Li2O-Na2O-Nb2O5、Bi 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -ZnO-B 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Na 2 O-Nb 2 O 5 ,
PbO-SiO2-ZnO-Al2O3、PbO-SiO2-ZnO-Al2O3-Ta2O5、PbO-SiO 2 -ZnO-Al 2 O 3 , PbO-SiO 2 -ZnO-Al 2 O 3 -Ta 2 O 5 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-HfO2-In2O3-Ga2O3、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -HfO 2 -In 2 O 3 -Ga 2 O 3 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-Ta2O5-ZrO2、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -Ta 2 O 5 -ZrO 2 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-Sb2O5、PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -Sb 2 O 5 , PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5-ZrO2、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 -ZrO 2 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-ZrO2-Sb2O5、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 -Sb 2 O 5 ,
PbO-SiO2-Al2O3-HfO2、PbO-SiO2-Ga2O3、PbO-SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -HfO 2 , PbO-SiO 2 -Ga 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-ZrO2-B2O3-ZnO-MgO-TiO2-Na2O-LiO2-Bi2O3、及前述之组合。SiO 2 -ZrO 2 -B 2 O 3 -ZnO-MgO-TiO 2 -Na 2 O-LiO 2 -Bi 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof.
于本发明之部分实施方式中，玻璃粉(b)系选自以下群组：In some embodiments of the present invention, glass powder (b) is selected from the following groups:
SiO2-B2O3-PbO、SiO2-B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Al2O3-Li2O-Tl2O3、SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -PbO, SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-Al 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Tl 2 O 3 ,
SiO2-SrO-Bi2O3-B2O3-Al2O3、及前述之组合。SiO 2 -SrO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 , and combinations thereof.
于本发明铝膏组合物中，黏合剂(c)系用于作为铝膏组合物在涂覆并干燥后进行烧结步骤前之支持物，用以提供铝膏组合物合宜之黏性以附着于所涂覆表面之上。黏合剂(c)种类并无特殊限制，可采用任何现有技术中黏合剂，惟，为避免影响所形成之电极/导线之电性质，以烧结后不会残留者为佳。适用于本发明铝膏组合物之黏合剂可例如为选自以下群组者：纤维素、丙烯酸酯树脂、醇酸树脂(alkyd resin)、环氧树脂、及前述之组合。较佳的黏合剂为纤维素、丙烯酸酯树脂类或其组合，所述纤维素之具体实例包括但不限于选自以下群组者：甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、木松香(wood rosin)、聚丙烯腈、及前述之组合，其中又以乙基纤维素为较佳。至于黏合剂(c)之用量，为避免添加过少无法获致所欲之黏合效果，或添加过多而影响铝膏组合物之性质及施作容易性，以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计，其用量为30重量％至58重量％，较佳为35重量％至58重量％，更佳为35重量％至50重量％。In the aluminum paste composition of the present invention, the binder (c) is used as a support before the sintering step of the aluminum paste composition after coating and drying, in order to provide the appropriate viscosity of the aluminum paste composition to adhere to on the coated surface. The type of binder (c) is not particularly limited, and any binder in the prior art can be used. However, in order to avoid affecting the electrical properties of the formed electrodes/wires, it is better to have no residue after sintering. The binder suitable for the aluminum paste composition of the present invention may be, for example, one selected from the following group: cellulose, acrylate resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, and combinations thereof. Preferred binders are cellulose, acrylate resins or combinations thereof. Specific examples of said cellulose include but are not limited to those selected from the following groups: methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, wood rosin (wood rosin ), polyacrylonitrile, and combinations of the foregoing, among which ethyl cellulose is preferred. As for the amount of adhesive (c), in order to avoid adding too little to obtain the desired adhesive effect, or adding too much to affect the properties and ease of application of the aluminum paste composition, the components (a) to (d) Based on the total weight, the amount used is 30% to 58% by weight, preferably 35% to 58% by weight, more preferably 35% to 50% by weight.
于本发明铝膏组合物中，分散剂(d)系用于使铝膏组合物中各成分均匀分散，以达到良好涂覆均匀性，以使所形成之电极/导线整体性质均一。适用于本发明铝膏组合物之分散剂的实例包括但不限于选自以下群组者：聚胺酸、胺类、不饱和聚羧酸类、离子型有机分散剂、非离子型有机分散剂、及前述之组合，其中，离子型有机分散剂可以是阳离子型分散剂，如溴化十六烷基三甲铵(cetyl trimethylammonium bromide，CTAB)，或阴离子型分散剂，如聚酯与多胺(polyamine)之共聚物，而非离子型分散剂例如是磷酸酯，本发明铝膏组合物之分散剂较佳为聚丙烯醇-5-鲸蜡醇聚醚-10磷酸酯。至于分散剂(d)之用量，为避免添加过少无法获致所欲之分散效果，以成分(a)至(d)之总重量计其用量较佳为至少0.2重量％，更佳为0.2重量％至8重量％，尤佳为0.5重量％至5重量％。In the aluminum paste composition of the present invention, the dispersant (d) is used to uniformly disperse the components in the aluminum paste composition to achieve good coating uniformity, so that the overall properties of the formed electrodes/wires are uniform. Examples of dispersants suitable for the aluminum paste composition of the present invention include but are not limited to those selected from the following groups: polyamic acid, amines, unsaturated polycarboxylic acids, ionic organic dispersants, nonionic organic dispersants , and the aforementioned combination, wherein the ionic organic dispersant can be a cationic dispersant, such as cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), or an anionic dispersant, such as polyester and polyamine ( polyamine) copolymer, non-ionic dispersant such as phosphate ester, the dispersant of the aluminum paste composition of the present invention is preferably polypropylene alcohol-5-ceteth-10 phosphate ester. As for the amount of dispersant (d), in order to avoid adding too little to obtain the desired dispersion effect, it is preferably at least 0.2% by weight based on the total weight of components (a) to (d), more preferably 0.2% by weight % to 8% by weight, especially preferably 0.5% to 5% by weight.
本发明之铝膏组合物更视需要进一步包含其他现有技术中添加剂，如无机填料、塑化剂、润湿剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、触变剂(thixotropic agent)、及前述之组合。至于所述添加剂之用量，则乃本领域具有通常知识者于观得本说明书之揭露内容后，可依其通常知识视需要调整者，在不破坏本发明铝膏组合物特性之前提下，并无特殊限制。The aluminum paste composition of the present invention may further include other additives in the prior art, such as inorganic fillers, plasticizers, wetting agents, thickeners, defoamers, thixotropic agents, and the aforementioned combination. As for the dosage of the additives, those skilled in the art can adjust as needed according to their common knowledge after viewing the disclosure of this specification, without destroying the characteristics of the aluminum paste composition of the present invention, and No special restrictions.
可藉由将本发明铝膏组合物之铝粉(a)、玻璃粉(b)、黏合剂(c)、及分散剂(d)均匀混合并分散于溶剂中，供后续加工利用。所述溶剂可为任何可分散本发明铝膏组合物之各成分、但不与该等成分反应的惰性溶剂。举例言之，可用以溶解或分散本发明树脂组合物之溶剂包含但不限于：醚类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醇类溶剂，较佳为松香醇(Terpineol)、苯氧乙醚(2-phenoxy-1-ethanol)、二乙二醇单丁醚(diethylene glycol monobutyl ether)、二乙二醇二丁醚(diethylene glycol dibutyl ether)、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯(2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol mono(2-methylpropanoate))、二乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯(2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate)、二乙二醇单乙基醚醋酸酯(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate)、乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯(2-butoxyethyl acetate)、或前述之混合物。溶剂之用量并无特殊限制，只要能使铝膏组合物各成分均匀混合即可。The aluminum powder (a), glass powder (b), binder (c), and dispersant (d) of the aluminum paste composition of the present invention can be uniformly mixed and dispersed in a solvent for subsequent processing and utilization. The solvent can be any inert solvent that can disperse the components of the aluminum paste composition of the present invention but does not react with these components. For example, solvents that can be used to dissolve or disperse the resin composition of the present invention include but are not limited to: ether solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, preferably terpineol, phenoxyether (2-phenoxy- 1-ethanol), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol Monoisobutyrate (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol mono(2-methylpropanoate)), diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate (2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate), diethylene diol Alcohol monoethyl ether acetate (2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate), ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate (2-butoxyethyl acetate), or a mixture of the foregoing. The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, as long as the components of the aluminum paste composition can be uniformly mixed.
本发明之铝膏组合物能取代现有技术中之铝膏组合物，可应用于制备具背面钝化层之太阳能电池组件中之电极或导线。本发明之铝膏组合物所制之电极/导线与钝化层具有良好的附着性，且铝-硅合金之孔隙率低，所以电极及/或导线与铝-硅合金的串联电阻低，发电效率提高，故太阳能电池组件之封装良率可因此提升。此外，因藉由本发明而得之太阳能电池组件不易与水气反应，其有助于太阳能电池组件长时间于高湿度环境下之稳定性。The aluminum paste composition of the present invention can replace the aluminum paste composition in the prior art, and can be applied to prepare electrodes or wires in solar cell components with a passivation layer on the back. The electrode/wire made of the aluminum paste composition of the present invention has good adhesion to the passivation layer, and the porosity of the aluminum-silicon alloy is low, so the series resistance of the electrode and/or wire and the aluminum-silicon alloy is low, and power generation Efficiency is improved, so the packaging yield of solar cell components can be improved accordingly. In addition, since the solar cell component obtained by the present invention is not easy to react with moisture, it helps the stability of the solar cell component in a high humidity environment for a long time.
本发明另提供一种具背面钝化层之太阳能电池组件，其包含由本发明之铝膏组合物经干燥及烧结后所形成之电极或导线，且较佳具有背面钝化层。有关太阳能电池之详细制造方法乃本发明所属技术领域具有通常知识者依其通常知识可视需要选用者(例如可采用第1图所示流程制备)，并无特殊限制。举例而言，可于硅基材背面沉积适当之功能层后(如钝化层与介电层)，以激光或蚀刻胶去除部分功能层材料，以图案化功能层，形成例如点状或线状开口；以例如网印机将本发明铝膏组合物施加于其上经图案化之功能层上及开口中，形成厚度例如20微米至50微米的铝膏组合物层；以及烘干铝膏组合物层以挥发溶剂，随后于烧结炉中烧结该铝膏组合物层，去除黏合剂及分散剂，形成电极或导线，由此制得具背面钝化层之太阳能电池。The present invention further provides a solar cell module with a back passivation layer, which comprises electrodes or wires formed by drying and sintering the aluminum paste composition of the present invention, and preferably has a back passivation layer. The detailed manufacturing method of the solar cell can be selected by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention according to their general knowledge (for example, the process shown in Figure 1 can be used to prepare), and there is no special limitation. For example, after depositing a suitable functional layer (such as a passivation layer and a dielectric layer) on the back of the silicon substrate, laser or etching glue can be used to remove part of the functional layer material to pattern the functional layer to form, for example, dots or lines Shaped opening; For example, the aluminum paste composition of the present invention is applied on the patterned functional layer and in the opening with a screen printing machine to form an aluminum paste composition layer with a thickness such as 20 microns to 50 microns; and drying the aluminum paste The composition layer is volatilized with a solvent, and then the aluminum paste composition layer is sintered in a sintering furnace to remove the binder and the dispersant to form an electrode or a wire, thereby producing a solar cell with a passivation layer on the back.
兹以下列具体实施方式进一步例示说明本发明，其中，所采用之量测仪器及实验方法分别如下。The present invention is further exemplified by the following specific embodiments, wherein the measuring instruments and experimental methods used are as follows.
[氧含量测量]：以氧氮分析仪(HORIBA EMGA-820)分析铝膏组合物中之铝粉(a)与玻璃粉(b)之氧含量，并以各自添加之比例计算总氧含量，分析结果以重量％表示。[Oxygen content measurement]: Analyze the oxygen content of aluminum powder (a) and glass powder (b) in the aluminum paste composition with an oxygen and nitrogen analyzer (HORIBA EMGA-820), and calculate the total oxygen content based on the ratio of each addition, The analysis results are expressed in % by weight.
[黏附性测试]：以胶带(3M Scotch Magic 810)贴黏试样表面再撕下，若铝膏组合物呈片状剥落，则判定为黏附性不佳(X)。[Adhesion test]: Use adhesive tape (3M Scotch Magic 810) to stick the surface of the sample and tear it off. If the aluminum paste composition peels off in flakes, it is judged as poor adhesion (X).
[耐候性测试]：将试样浸于80℃水浴中5分钟，观察表面是否有气泡产生，出现气泡则判断为不佳(X)。[Weather resistance test]: Immerse the sample in an 80°C water bath for 5 minutes, and observe whether there are bubbles on the surface. If there are bubbles, it is judged as bad (X).
[孔隙率测量]：以扫描电子显微镜(Hitachi S-3400N)观测完成烧结之试样是否于铝-硅合金处出现空孔，并评估孔隙率大小，若在铝-硅合金处出现之空孔的铝-硅合金处个数占铝-硅合金处总体个数之比例大于35％，则判定为不佳(X)。[Porosity measurement]: Use a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S-3400N) to observe whether the sintered sample has voids at the aluminum-silicon alloy, and evaluate the porosity. If there are voids at the aluminum-silicon alloy If the ratio of the number of aluminum-silicon alloy parts to the total number of aluminum-silicon alloy parts is greater than 35%, it is judged as poor (X).
[发电效率测量]：使用QuickSun 120CA(Endeas)测量太阳能电池之发电效率。[Power generation efficiency measurement]: Use QuickSun 120CA (Endeas) to measure the power generation efficiency of solar cells.
[铝膏组合物之制备][Preparation of Aluminum Paste Composition]
<实施例1><Example 1>
以表1所示比例(重量％)将以下铝粉(a)、玻璃粉(b)、黏合剂(c)、分散剂(d)、及其他添加剂均匀混合，提供铝膏组合物1。测得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例为以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计0.755重量％。The following aluminum powder (a), glass powder (b), binder (c), dispersant (d), and other additives were uniformly mixed in the proportion (weight %) shown in Table 1 to provide aluminum paste composition 1. The proportion of the oxygen content in the measured components (a) and (b) is 0.755% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b).
成分(a)：微细球型铝粉(购自河南省远洋铝业公司)，平均粒径为4微米至5微米，氧含量为0.32重量％；Ingredient (a): fine spherical aluminum powder (purchased from Henan Yuanyang Aluminum Co., Ltd.), with an average particle size of 4 microns to 5 microns, and an oxygen content of 0.32% by weight;
成分(b)：含SiO2-B2O3-PbO之玻璃粉(购自ASAHI GLASS公司；商品名：ETAg-13)及含SiO2-B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Al2O3-Li2O-Tl2O3之玻璃粉(购自Viox公司；商品名：V2086)之混合物，氧含量为8重量％；Component (b): glass frit containing SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -PbO (purchased from ASAHI GLASS; trade name: ETAg-13) and glass powder containing SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-Al A mixture of 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Tl 2 O 3 glass powder (purchased from Viox; trade name: V2086), with an oxygen content of 8% by weight;
成分(c)：乙基纤维素(购自Dow公司；商品名：ETHOCEL)；Component (c): ethyl cellulose (available from Dow; trade name: ETHOCEL);
成分(d)：聚丙烯醇-5-鲸蜡醇聚醚-10磷酸酯(购自CRODA公司；商品名：CrodafosTMC10/5A)；以及Ingredient (d): Polypropylene alcohol-5-ceteth-10 phosphate (purchased from CRODA company; trade name: Crodafos TM C10/5A); and
其他添加剂：Other additives:
消泡剂(购自BYK公司；商品名：BYK-057)，以及Defoamer (purchased from BYK company; trade name: BYK-057), and
润湿剂(购自BYK公司；商品名：Disperbyk-190)。Wetting agent (available from BYK company; trade name: Disperbyk-190).
<实施例2><Example 2>
以与实施例1相同之方式制备铝胶组合物2，惟，改以平均粒径为6微米至7微米、氧含量为0.27重量％之微细球型铝粉(购自河南省远洋铝业公司)作为成分(a)，以氧含量为7重量％之含SiO2-B2O3-PbO之玻璃粉(购自ASAHI GLASS公司；商品名：ETAg-13)作为成分(b)，并调整各成分用量，如表1所示。测得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例为以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计0.492重量％。Aluminum glue composition 2 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fine spherical aluminum powder (purchased from Henan Yuanyang Aluminum Co., Ltd. ) as component (a), the glass frit containing SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -PbO (purchased from ASAHI GLASS company; trade name: ETAg-13) with an oxygen content of 7% by weight as component (b), and adjusting The dosage of each ingredient is shown in Table 1. The proportion of the oxygen content in the measured components (a) and (b) is 0.492% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b).
<实施例3><Example 3>
以与实施例1相同之方式制备铝胶组合物3，惟，改以平均粒径为6微米至7微米、氧含量为0.42重量％之高纯球型铝粉(购自河南省远洋铝业公司)作为成分(a)，以含SiO2-SrO-Bi2O3-B2O3-Al2O3之玻璃粉(购自Viox公司；商品名：V2083)及含SiO2-B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Al2O3-Li2O-Tl2O3之玻璃粉(Viox corporation生产，商品名为V2086)之混合物(氧含量为14.5重量％)作为成分(b)，并调整各成分用量，如表1所示。测得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例为以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计0.612重量％。Aluminum glue composition 3 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that high-purity spherical aluminum powder (purchased from Henan Yuanyang Aluminum Co., Ltd.) with an average particle diameter of 6 to 7 microns and an oxygen content of 0.42% by weight was used. As component (a), glass frit containing SiO 2 -SrO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 (purchased from Viox; trade name: V2083) and glass powder containing SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 - a mixture of Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-Al 2 O 3 -Li 2 O-Tl 2 O 3 glass frit (manufactured by Viox Corporation, trade name V2086) (oxygen content 14.5% by weight) as component (b), And adjust the dosage of each component, as shown in Table 1. The proportion of the oxygen content in the measured components (a) and (b) is 0.612% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b).
<比较例1><Comparative example 1>
以与实施例2相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物1，惟，调整各成分用量使得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例(1.125重量％)不在本发明所指定之范围，如表1所示。Prepare comparative aluminum glue composition 1 in the same manner as in Example 2, but adjust the amount of each component so that the proportion of oxygen content (1.125% by weight) in components (a) and (b) is not within the specified scope of the present invention, As shown in Table 1.
<比较例2><Comparative example 2>
以与实施例2相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物2，惟，调整各成分用量使得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例(0.394重量％)不在本发明所指定之范围，如表1所示。Prepare comparative aluminum glue composition 2 in the same manner as in Example 2, but adjust the amount of each component so that the proportion of oxygen content (0.394% by weight) in components (a) and (b) is not within the specified scope of the present invention, As shown in Table 1.
<比较例3><Comparative example 3>
以与实施例1相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物3，惟，调整各成分用量使得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例(0.396重量％)不在本发明所指定之范围，如表1所示。Prepare comparative aluminum glue composition 3 in the same manner as Example 1, but adjust the amount of each component so that the proportion of oxygen content (0.396% by weight) in components (a) and (b) is not within the scope specified by the present invention, As shown in Table 1.
<比较例4><Comparative example 4>
以与实施例1相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物4，惟，调整各成分用量使得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例(2.092重量％)不在本发明所指定之范围，如表1所示。Prepare comparative aluminum glue composition 4 in the same manner as in Example 1, but adjust the amount of each component so that the proportion of oxygen content (2.092% by weight) in components (a) and (b) is not within the scope specified by the present invention, As shown in Table 1.
<比较例5><Comparative example 5>
以与实施例3相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物5，惟，改以平均粒径为1微米至2微米、氧含量为1.2重量％之高纯球型铝粉(购自河南省远洋铝业公司)作为成分(a)，如表1所示。测得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例为以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计1.381重量％(不在本发明所指定之范围)。Comparative aluminum glue composition 5 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the high-purity spherical aluminum powder (purchased from Henan Yuanyang Aluminum Co., Ltd. ) as component (a), as shown in Table 1. The proportion of the oxygen content in the measured components (a) and (b) is 1.381% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b) (not within the specified range of the present invention).
<比较例6><Comparative example 6>
以与实施例3相同之方式制备比较铝胶组合物6，惟，改以平均粒径为9微米至11微米、氧含量为0.18重量％之高纯球型铝粉(购自河南省远洋铝业公司)作为成分(a)，如表1所示。测得成分(a)及(b)中氧含量所占比例为以成分(a)及(b)之总重量计0.375重量％(不在本发明所指定之范围)。Comparative aluminum glue composition 6 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the high-purity spherical aluminum powder (purchased from Henan Yuanyang Aluminum Co., Ltd. ) as component (a), as shown in Table 1. The proportion of the oxygen content in the measured components (a) and (b) is 0.375% by weight based on the total weight of the components (a) and (b) (not within the specified range of the present invention).
[具背面钝化层之太阳能电池之制备][Preparation of solar cell with back passivation layer]
分别使用铝膏组合物1至3及比较铝膏组合物1至6来制备太阳能电池。在硅晶圆上形成P型或N型层，之后依序在晶圆正面及背面生长介电层、在晶圆正面与背面生长钝化层、并蚀刻所生长之介电层与钝化层以产生开口，接着以网印机涂布铝膏组合物于经蚀刻之介电层与钝化层上及开孔中，形成膜厚约20微米至50微米之铝胶组合物膜，随后加热烘干该膜，再以烧结炉进行烧结形成导线，制得太阳能电池1至3(分别对应铝膏组合物1至3)及比较太阳能电池1至6(分别对应比较铝膏组合物1至6)。Solar cells were prepared using aluminum paste compositions 1 to 3 and comparative aluminum paste compositions 1 to 6, respectively. Form a P-type or N-type layer on a silicon wafer, then grow a dielectric layer on the front and back of the wafer in sequence, grow a passivation layer on the front and back of the wafer, and etch the grown dielectric layer and passivation layer To create openings, then use a screen printer to coat the aluminum paste composition on the etched dielectric layer and passivation layer and in the openings to form an aluminum paste composition film with a film thickness of about 20 microns to 50 microns, and then heat The film was dried, and then sintered in a sintering furnace to form wires to obtain solar cells 1 to 3 (corresponding to aluminum paste compositions 1 to 3 respectively) and comparative solar cells 1 to 6 (corresponding to comparative aluminum paste compositions 1 to 6 respectively). ).
测量太阳能电池1至3及比较太阳能电池1至6之黏附性、耐候性、孔隙率、及发电效率等性质，结果如表1所示。The adhesion, weather resistance, porosity, and power generation efficiency of solar cells 1 to 3 and comparative solar cells 1 to 6 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
表1Table 1
如表1所示，采用具指定氧含量条件之本发明铝膏组合物所制得之太阳能电池，不论黏附性、耐候性、或孔隙率测试皆为良好(O)，尤其发电效率更显著高于比较例之方式，具有优异性能表现及使用寿命。实施例1与比较例3及4间、以及实施例2与比较例1及2间之比较都显示，即使在组成成分相同之情况下，只要不符合本发明指定氧含量条件，即无法获致本发明之发明功效，其中，含氧量低于指定范围时，黏附性表现不佳，含氧量高于指定范围时，则耐候性不佳(无法通过水煮测试)且孔隙率不佳。此外，实施例3与比较例5及6间之比较进一步显示，即使各成分用量相同，在不符合本发明指定氧含量条件下，仍无法获致本发明之发明功效。As shown in Table 1, the solar cells prepared by using the aluminum paste composition of the present invention with specified oxygen content conditions are all good (O) regardless of adhesion, weather resistance, or porosity tests, especially the power generation efficiency is significantly higher In the way of the comparative example, it has excellent performance and service life. The comparisons between Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, and between Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 all show that even under the same situation of composition components, as long as the specified oxygen content condition of the present invention is not met, the present invention cannot be obtained. The inventive effect of the invention, wherein, when the oxygen content is lower than the specified range, the adhesion performance is not good, and when the oxygen content is higher than the specified range, the weather resistance is not good (can not pass the boiling test) and the porosity is not good. In addition, the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 further shows that even if the amounts of each component are the same, the inventive effect of the present invention cannot be obtained under the condition that the oxygen content specified by the present invention is not met.
上述实施例仅为例示性说明本发明之原理及其功效，并阐述本发明之技术特征，而非用于限制本发明之保护范畴。任何熟悉本技术者在不违背本发明之技术原理及精神下，可轻易完成之改变或安排，均属本发明所主张之范围。因此，本发明之权利保护范围系如后附申请专利范围所列。The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative to illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and to illustrate the technical features of the present invention, rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or arrangements that can be easily accomplished by those skilled in the art without violating the technical principle and spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the rights of the present invention is listed in the appended patent scope.
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