CN105033253A - Rapid 3D forming equipment and method for sintering powder by movement of one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror moving sintered powder rapid 3D forming equipment and method, belonging to the field of 3D printing. The equipment includes: laser, powder feeding cylinder, scraper, computer, linear motion module, Z-axis motion control system of forming part pallet. The three-dimensional model is sliced into two-dimensional surface patterns according to the molding accuracy; the platform lifting accuracy, movement and scanning speed are set, the powder is spread on the pallet through the scraper, and the computer controls the one-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer to move the laser on and off , to form a two-dimensional surface pattern; irradiate and sinter the powder material, and after completing one layer, lower the supporting plate for the second layer of powder spreading and scanning. In this way, scanning layer by layer completes the three-dimensional sintering molding. The molding is then removed from the pallet. The invention has large molding size, high speed and low cost, and can expand the size according to needs.

Description

One-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer moving sintering powder rapid 3D forming equipment and method

technical field

The invention relates to a method for rapid 3D forming of sintered powder by moving a one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror.

Background technique

3D printing is a new rapid prototyping manufacturing technology (RP). It realizes the rapid prototyping technology of the model by the cumulative method, which is a major breakthrough in the field of manufacturing technology. It can overcome the special structural obstacles that cannot be achieved by traditional machining, realize the simplified production of any complex structural components, and automatically, directly and accurately transform design ideas from CAD models into models or devices with certain functions. The existing 3D printing technology is divided into hot melt plastic basic technology FDM, laser selective sintering molding technology SLS, light-curing liquid resin selective area curing molding technology SLA. However, FDM technology achieves three-dimensional molding by melting plastic filaments and extruding the plastic out of the nozzle. SLA is formed by curing photosensitive resin through laser scanning, and laser selective sintering is the sintering of powder through laser scanning. These existing rapid prototyping manufacturing technologies use two-dimensional scanning galvanometers, which have the disadvantage of only scanning small areas and manufacturing small-sized parts. To achieve a large format, it is realized by splicing several scanning galvanometers or post-dynamic focusing, which greatly increases the cost. Taking SLA and SLS technology as an example, the cost of large-format products has doubled, which limits the application of the earliest commercialized and most widely used rapid prototyping technology. The present invention has an important impact on the popularization and application of rapid prototyping manufacturing technology for large-format scanning prototyping, whether it is theory, process or production cost reduction.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above, the present invention proposes a line scanning rapid prototyping manufacturing method, which has a large scanning range and can be used for rapid manufacturing of large-scale models.

The invention can theoretically realize unlimited expansion of the processing format, and realize two-dimensional image scanning by using a one-dimensional scanning vibrating mirror combined with linear motion. Limited by the experimental conditions, the scanning range of the one-dimensional scanning galvanometer is 500mm, and the linear motion distance is 500mm. The cost is half that of the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer, which not only breaks through the limitation of large-format processing, but also reduces the cost and ensures the molding accuracy. In addition, there are many kinds of laser wavelengths, which can meet different molding requirements according to the power and wavelength used in combination with molding materials.

One-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer mobile sintering powder rapid 3D molding equipment, characterized by including: laser, powder feeding cylinder, scraper, computer, linear motion module, Z-axis motion control system of forming part pallet; computer controlled laser, linear The motion module and the Z-axis motion control system of the forming part pallet; the linear motion module is controlled by the computer to drive the one-dimensional scanning galvanometer to make a linear motion, and the Z-axis motion control system of the forming part pallet makes the forming pallet move in the vertical direction .

Further, lasers of visible or infrared wavelengths are used.

The method for applying said device is characterized in that the steps include:

(1) Establish and manufacture a three-dimensional model with 3D modeling software in the computer;

(2) slice the 3D model into a surface model;

(3) According to the type of material to be formed and the type of model, select the output power and slice layer thickness;

(4) Spread the powder in the powder feeding cylinder on the forming pallet through the scraper, and the thickness of the powder spread is consistent with the thickness of the slice; move the one-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer to scan, irradiate and sinter the material; the two-dimensional surface generated according to the slice The image controls the opening and closing of the laser; the moving speed and scanning speed of the one-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer determine the scanning irradiation time; if the high-power laser is used, the moving speed and scanning speed are fast, and the irradiation time is short. The scanning speed is slow and the irradiation time is long;

(5) Every time a layer is completed, it is lowered by a height; the next layer is powdered, and then the next layer is scanned and sintered; this cycle continues until the final three-dimensional object is obtained.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 principle diagram of one-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer moving rapid 3D forming technology in the present invention

Among the figure: 1, computer controller. 2. Z axis. 3. Forming pallet. 4. Molded parts. 5. Materials. 6. One-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer. 7. Scraper. 8. Powder feeding cylinder.

Detailed ways

Described 3D modeling software can be: 3DMAX, Pro/E, solidworks, AUTOCAD etc.

The two-dimensional surface image refers to the two-dimensional cross-sectional data information obtained by discretizing the three-dimensional model into each surface.

The slicing precision refers to how many planes the three-dimensional model is discretized into based on the size of the three-dimensional model and the layer precision of the processing system. The higher the precision, the more discretized planes.

The processing platform refers to a platform that can move precisely in the vertical direction, and is used to move the molded part pallet in the vertical direction (Z axis).

The irradiation time is determined by the movement of the one-dimensional scanning galvanometer and the scanning speed.

The one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror is irradiated with laser light on a reflective mirror, and the reflective mirror performs reciprocating deflection motion, so that the laser light forms a reciprocating line.

The working principle of the present invention is: the powder material is sintered and solidified under laser irradiation and bonded together. Firstly, a one-dimensional laser scanning galvanometer is manufactured, and the one-dimensional scanning galvanometer can be obtained by removing one of the existing two-dimensional scanning galvanometers. Under the control of the computer and the driving circuit, the one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror controls the movement of the one-dimensional laser scanning vibrating mirror and the laser on and off to form a two-dimensional pattern according to the plane image signal provided by the computer program. In this way, the irradiated powder is sintered and solidified into a two-dimensional pattern. After each layer of two-dimensional graphics is formed, the Z-axis is controlled by the computer to move the molding pallet downward, and the moving distance is one layer thick, and the next layer of powder is spread to realize layer-by-layer moving scanning irradiation. When the two-dimensional image obtained by slicing the three-dimensional model is scanned and irradiated layer by layer, the entity of the entire three-dimensional model is obtained.

The features of the present invention are:

1. Compared with the traditional two-dimensional laser scanning method, the present invention has low molding cost and large scanning area.

2. The present invention can be molded in a large size, and can be expanded infinitely according to needs. At present, large-scale SLA two-dimensional scanning molding requires a large equipment size to meet the optical path configuration, but the present invention combines scanning and movement, with short optical path and small machine size.

3. In the present invention, visible or infrared laser and powder materials are used as materials.

Claims (3)

1. one dimension laser scanning galvanometer moves the quick 3D former of sintered powder, it is characterized in that comprising: laser instrument, powder feeding cylinder, scraper plate, computer, rectilinear motion module, profiled member supporting plate Z axis kinetic control system; Computer controlled laser, rectilinear motion module and profiled member supporting plate Z axis kinetic control system; Rectilinear motion module is controlled to drive one-dimensional scanning galvanometer to do rectilinear motion by computer, and profiled member supporting plate Z axis kinetic control system makes shaping supporting plate move at vertical direction.

2. equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that: use laser instrument that is visible or infrared wavelength.

3. application rights requires the method for equipment described in 1, and it is characterized in that, step comprises:

(1) manufacture threedimensional model is set up with 3D modeling software in a computer;

(2) threedimensional model is cut into slices as surface model;

(3) according to material type to be formed and version, power output and slicing layer thickness is selected;

(4) be layered on shaping supporting plate by scraper plate by the powder in powder feeding cylinder, paving powder thickness is consistent with slice thickness; Mobile one dimension laser scanning galvanometer, carries out scanning to material and irradiates sintering; The open and close of the two-dimensional surface image control laser generated according to section; The translational speed of one dimension laser scanning galvanometer and sweep speed determine scanning irradiation time; Then translational speed and sweep speed are fast to use high power laser, and irradiation time is short, otherwise slowly, irradiation time is long for the little translational speed of laser power and sweep speed;

(5) often complete one deck, decline a height; Carry out the paving powder of lower one deck, then carry out the scanning sintering of lower one deck; Such circulation is gone down and is to the last obtained three-dimensional body.