CN105021566A - Method for controlling feed production online by means of near-infrared technology - Google Patents
Method for controlling feed production online by means of near-infrared technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a quality control method in the feed production process, in particular to a method for controlling feed production online by means of a near-infrared technology. The method comprises the steps that a near-infrared probe is installed on a feed hopper of a feed production line; a near-infrared spectrograph detects near-infrared spectrum information of raw material components of feed in the feed hopper and content information of nutritional components of the feed in the feed hopper through the near-infrared probe; the near-infrared spectrograph sends the detected information to a computer with a formula system; the computer judges the quality of feed raw materials after comparing the information sent by the spectrograph with information in the formula system, and then the feed raw materials are classified and used according to the judging result. According to the method for controlling feed production online by means of the near-infrared technology, on-site lossless quick analysis on the raw materials, process products and final products which are related to the feed production process is achieved by means of the near-infrared spectral analysis technology, and the functions of multi-platform product information tracking, feeding process monitoring, product quality tracing, raw material formula optimizing and the like are supplied by taking network service as a platform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for quality control in feed preparation, is the method utilizing near infrared technology to control Feed Manufacturing specifically.
Background technology
In existing Feed Manufacturing process, technician is according to laboratory materials testing result or directly with the correlated quality index of database recommendation and company standard design feed formula, then produce by formula tissue, sample to be checked before finished product material dispatches from the factory, qualified finished product directly dispatches from the factory client.There is following problem in this method: 1, feedstuff quality index detects limited, reduces the utilization ratio of feedstuff and the precise degrees of feed formula; 2, as the mistake that feeds intake, then after pulverizing the operation such as expanded, material nutrient component changes, and raw material nutrition parameters and recipe requirements do not conform to; 3, go wrong can not Timeliness coverage for equipment, technique, within 3 months as mixture homogeneity, just detects once; 4, finished product material detection to be assayed is delayed, and when finding that finished product material is off quality, it is higher to recall cost; 5, fill a prescription teacher and inspection laboratory personnel human cost is higher, work efficiency is lower; 6, for the data of effective nutritional labeling, its testing requirement is higher, the test period is longer, adds corresponding instrument and equipment and animal experiment condition, makes feed factory not obtain desired data by daily detection.
At present, along with the development of spectral technique, Chemical Measurement and computer technology, near infrared technology is quick with it, harmless, cost is low, simultaneously detect etc. detects advantage, the aspects such as evaluation plant, forage, feed and feedstuff quality are widely used in, it is supplied to livestock nutrition scholar, researcher, farming adviser and feedstuff consultant etc. as the effective way of one.Near infrared technology is the indirect method of direct method by analyzing feed and feedstuff trophic structure and prediction feed quality of starting with animal excrements, detect the main conventional nutrients in feed and available nutrient index, such as moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, calcium, phosphorus, NDF, ADF, phytate phosphorus, total energy, 18 seed amino acids and digestible energy and metabolizable energy etc. carry out the nutritive value of comprehensive evaluation feed.
At present, domestic and international scientist is detecting Focal point and difficult point from single raw material, forage grass and feed, ensilage, mixed feed conventional nutrient quality is transferred in available nutrient and production run quality control, the kind classification detecting sample by enriching constantly, expand separate sources, as growth phase, region, kind etc., and the sample of different harvest time and moisture, set up different, the near infrared calibration model that adaptability is stronger, build perfect model database simultaneously, and be combined in line traffic control technology, improve the utilization ratio of feedstuff, reach the object of precisely configuration daily ration, and the every problem produced in Timeliness coverage feed preparation, ensure the stability of finished product feedstuff quality.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical matters, the invention provides and a kind ofly the standardization of effective guarantee Feedstuff Enterprises can produce, improve the method utilizing near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing of production capacity benefit, products quality guarantee safety.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above employing is: the method utilizing near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing, and it comprises the following steps:
(1) on the feeder hopper of fodder production line, near-infrared probe is installed;
(2) near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of feedstuff composition and the content information of nutritional labeling in feeder hopper by described near-infrared probe;
(3) information of above-mentioned detection is sent to the computing machine that prescription system is housed by near infrared spectrometer;
(4) judge the quality of feedstuff after the information in the information that transmitted by described spectrometer of computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and according to judged result, classification use is carried out to feedstuff.
Further, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of feedstuff is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of feedstuff, set up feedstuff quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned feedstuff composition recorded and this quality qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether feedstuff meets the quality requirements of daily production according to comparing result.
Further, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of feedstuff is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of feedstuff, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model of feedstuff nutritive value, again the content information of the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information that records and nutritional labeling and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparing result whether the content of the nutritional labeling of feedstuff meets the quality requirements preset.
Further, described feeder hopper is provided with detector tube, detector tube is provided with and stretches into the intraluminal described near-infrared probe of detector tube.
Further, described detector tube is obliquely installed, and itself and surface level shape are at 45 °--60 ° of pitch angle.
Further, described detector tube xsect is square, and this square detector tube one side offers mounting hole, and described near-infrared probe is arranged on this mounting hole.
Further, described square detector tube another side is provided with movable observing window; A sample tap is offered a side described in detector tube is upper on the downside of mounting hole.
Further, the finished product material discharge outlet being also included in fodder production line installs near-infrared probe, described near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of finished product material composition and the content information of conventional ingredient by this near-infrared probe, the finished product material information of above-mentioned detection is sent to described computing machine by this near infrared spectrometer, judge the quality of finished product material after information in the information that this spectrometer transmits by computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and carry out the instant preparation of daily ration according to the content information control fodder production line of above-mentioned conventional ingredient.
Further, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of finished product material is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of finished feed material, set up finished product material quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned finished product material composition recorded and this qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether the mixture homogeneity of finished product material composition conforms to quality requirements according to comparing result.
Further, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of finished product material is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of finished feed material, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model that finished product material nutrient is worth, again the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information of the finished product material composition recorded and the content information of conventional ingredient and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparison structure whether the content of the conventional ingredient of finished product material conforms to quality requirements.
As can be known from the above technical solutions, the present invention utilizes near-infrared spectral analysis technology to realize can't harm express-analysis to the scene of raw material, process product and finished product that feed preparation relates to, using bar code identification technology and database management technology as information interaction carrier, be platform with network service, provide that multi-platform product information is followed the tracks of, charging technology monitoring, product quality review and the function such as composition of raw materials optimization.Therefore, the present invention can produce in the standardization of effective guarantee Feedstuff Enterprises, improves production capacity benefit, products quality guarantee safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scheme of installation of detector tube of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A direction view of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Introduce the method utilizing near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, near-infrared probe installed by its feeder hopper being included in fodder production line; Near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of feedstuff composition and the content information of nutritional labeling in feeder hopper by described near-infrared probe; Nutritional labeling comprises conventional chemical index as moisture, total energy, crude protein, robust fibre, crude fat, NDF, ADF, coarse ash, calcium, phosphorus and starch etc.; Also comprise effective nutrient content as digestion and metabolism energy and digestible aminoacids etc.; The information of above-mentioned detection is sent to the computing machine that prescription system is housed by near infrared spectrometer; Judge the quality of feedstuff after information in the information that described spectrometer transmits by computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and according to judged result, classification use is carried out to feedstuff.Such as, gather the near infrared light spectrum information of certain batch of maize raw material purchased, and use the relevant near infrared quantitative model established to detect fast its nutrient composition content (for albumen), in combined formulation system to the grade scale of corn quality (as one-level corn: protein content is more than 8.0%, secondary corn: protein content is 7.5%-8.0%; Three grades of corns: protein content less than 7.5%), determine the quality grade of this corn, and carried out classification use, be namely respectively used to piglet, sow complete diet pellet or growing-finishing pig complete diet pellet according to the height of corn quality grade.
In implementation process, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of feedstuff is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of feedstuff, set up feedstuff quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned feedstuff composition recorded and this quality qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether feedstuff meets the quality requirements of daily production according to comparing result.Under daily working condition, by gathering the spectral information of separate sources raw material, set up the Near-infrared spectrum database (this library of spectra each sample exists certain scope in absorbance) of up-to-standard raw material, when after the spectral information having gathered unknown raw material, compare with the spectrum in this library of spectra, if its spectrum drops within the scope of this library of spectra, illustrate that it meets the quality requirements of daily production; Otherwise, then the quality requirements of daily production is not met.If feedstuff conforms to quality requirements, buy, if do not meet, carry out handling return.Meanwhile, by the quality of quick, long-term monitoring feedstuff, determine best supplier; And to the raw material meeting feedstuff quality requirements and buy, carry out classification according to its quality, thus the classification realizing different quality feedstuff uses, and improves the utilization ratio of raw material.Detecting as passed through at feeder hopper, corn can be carried out classification according to its quality, then according to quality scale, it being delivered to the production lines such as sucking pig material, sow material and growing and fattening pig feed respectively.
The present invention also provides a kind of computing machine to judge the method for the quality of feedstuff: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of feedstuff, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model of feedstuff nutritive value, again the content information of the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information that records and nutritional labeling and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparing result whether the content of the nutritional labeling of feedstuff meets the quality requirements preset.Such as, according to company standard, take albumen as index, the quality standard that corn and normal meal are preset is generally and is not less than 7.5% and 43%.For unknown corn or dregs of beans, use the near infrared quantitative model established to detect fast its protein content, determine the protein content of its reality, then the quality standard relevant to enterprise compares, see whether it meets the quality requirements preset.
In implementation process, raw material differentiates it is the primary link ensureing feedstuff quality, is the source of procedure quality analysis and control.Traditional discrimination method mainly contains proterties and differentiates and physics and chemistry discriminating etc., not only complicated operation, and the time is long, and is difficult to obtain identification result accurately to the nearer kind of some sibships and adulterant.NIR technology is used for feedstuff quality in site to differentiate, can guarantees that whether the place of production of feedstuff, the true and false, major component content qualified etc., improve differentiate efficiency, range of application and accuracy.
Near infrared can be directly used in the on-the-spot or warehouse of unloading and carry out Fast nondestructive evaluation, and diffuse reflection Sampling techniques are ideal styles that material sample detects, and the plastic packets that directly can also can pass through transparent wrapper to raw material detects the spectrometer for Site Detection).By gathering a large amount of feedstuff sample, measuring near infrared spectrum data, using suitable data processing method, founding mathematical models.Within the time in a few second, various quantitative and qualitative analysis index (true and false, the place of production of feedstuff and Contents of Main Components etc.) just can be presented in examining report, can be used for Site Detection and generates examining report in real time.
Adopt this technology, directly can be completed by warehouse operation personnel, not Water demand personnel, can confirm that every barrel (bag) puts the quality of raw material in storage, compare laboratory sampling and detect quicker, and 100% detection can be realized.Near infrared technology may be used for raw material and auxiliary material throw in produce before Fast nondestructive evaluation is carried out to indices, integrated by with Process Control System, guarantee only has correctly qualified raw material to be just put into production.
In implementation process, according to the requirement of actual production, the Quantitative Analysis Model of foundation can be as shown in the table.
| Raw material | Analysis indexes |
| Corn (center, in optimization) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, coarse ash, phosphorus, starch, unit weight, total energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and 18 AA |
| Wheat (center, in optimization) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, coarse ash, phosphorus, starch, unit weight, total energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and 18 AA |
| Corn DDGS (center) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, calcium, phosphorus, NDF, ADF, phytate phosphorus, total energy, digestible energy, metabolizable energy and 18 AA |
| Dregs of beans (center is carried out) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, coarse ash, robust fibre, digestible energy and metabolizable energy |
| Wheat bran (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Secondary powder (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash and total phosphorus |
| Cottonseed Meal (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Rapeseed dregs (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Fish meal (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Meat meal tankage (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Corn protein powder (company) | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash, total phosphorus and amino acid |
| Expanded soybean | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash and total phosphorus |
| Feather meal | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash and total phosphorus |
| Peanut meal | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash and total phosphorus |
| Rice bran meal | Moisture, crude protein, crude fat, robust fibre, coarse ash and total phosphorus |
The present invention also comprises the detector tube 1 be arranged on feeder hopper, detector tube is provided with and stretches into the intraluminal near-infrared probe 2 of detector tube, probe installation location will have sufficient space, other objects can not be had to block impact probe install and construction, this near-infrared probe connects ft-nir spectrometer; When machine operation, the detectable signal of feed ingredient is sent to above-mentioned spectrometer by near-infrared probe in good time, the above-mentioned data detected is sent to the computing machine that prescription system is housed and carries out reading analysis.
In the present invention, described detector tube 1 is obliquely installed, specifically described detector tube and surface level shape at 45 °--60 ° of inclined angle alpha, to ensure that sample slides smoothly; Described detector tube xsect is square, and this square detector tube one side offers mounting hole 3, and described near-infrared probe is arranged on this mounting hole, thus realizes near infrared from detecting; Described square detector tube another side is provided with movable observing window 4, once the problem of generation, is convenient to observe and cleaning; Upperly in a side described in detector tube on the downside of mounting hole, offer a sample tap 5, can be used for sampling modeling and the model maintenance in using.
The finished product material discharge outlet that the present invention is also included in fodder production line installs near-infrared probe, described near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of finished product material composition and the content information of conventional ingredient by this near-infrared probe, conventional ingredient is as moisture, crude protein etc., the finished product material information of above-mentioned detection is sent to described computing machine by this near infrared spectrometer, the quality of finished product material is judged after information in the information that this spectrometer transmits by computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and control according to the content information of above-mentioned conventional ingredient the instant preparation that fodder production line carries out daily ration, namely by the quick detection to relevant nutrient content, whether direct reflection Diet Formula meets this enterprise is correlated with the quality standard of kind finished product material.The present invention, by the judgement to finished product feedstuff quality, can indicate the fluctuation of finished product material composition mixture homogeneity and feed nutrition index.Best incorporation time can be optimized by the instruction of mixture homogeneity; By indicating the fluctuation of nutritive index, glairy fluctuation, can find the problem in production run in time, as the raw material interpolation etc. of mistake of weighing, mixer problem or mistake, thus improves the mixing quality of feed and the stability of feed quality.
In implementation process, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of finished product material is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of finished feed material, set up finished product material quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned finished product material composition recorded and this qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether the mixture homogeneity of finished product material composition conforms to quality requirements according to comparing result.Under daily working condition, the spectral information of enterprise product quality standard finished product material is met by gathering mixture homogeneity, set up the Near-infrared spectrum database of up-to-standard finished product material, when after the spectral information having gathered unknown raw material, compare with the spectrum in this library of spectra, if its spectrum drops within the scope of this library of spectra, illustrate that it meets the requirement of enterprise to finished product material mixture homogeneity; Otherwise, then the requirement of enterprise to finished product material mixture homogeneity is not met.
A kind of computing machine is also provided to judge the method for the quality of finished product material in the present invention: first basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of finished feed material in prescription system, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model that finished product material nutrient is worth, again the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information of the finished product material composition recorded and the content information of conventional ingredient and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparison structure whether the content of the conventional ingredient of finished product material conforms to quality requirements.Under daily working condition, company standard to manufacture a finished product material quality there is certain requirement, for growing-finishing pig profit material, the standard of its crude protein and lysine content is respectively and is not less than 16% and 1%, when after a collection of finished product material of new production, first its near infrared light spectrum information is gathered, the finished product material near infrared quantitative model established is used to detect fast its corresponding component content subsequently, and in conjunction with the company standard of finished product feedstuff, judge whether the product produced meets outgoing requirement.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for illustrative purposes only, and be not limitation of the present invention, the those of ordinary skill of relevant technical field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make various change and modification, therefore all equivalent technical schemes also should belong to category of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing, it comprises the following steps:
(1) on the feeder hopper of fodder production line, near-infrared probe is installed;
(2) near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of feedstuff composition and the content information of nutritional labeling in feeder hopper by described near-infrared probe;
(3) information of above-mentioned detection is sent to the computing machine that prescription system is housed by near infrared spectrometer;
(4) judge the quality of feedstuff after the information in the information that transmitted by described spectrometer of computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and according to judged result, classification use is carried out to feedstuff.
2. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 1, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of feedstuff is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of feedstuff, set up feedstuff quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned feedstuff composition recorded and this quality qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether feedstuff meets the quality requirements of daily production according to comparing result.
3. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 1, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of feedstuff is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of feedstuff, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model of feedstuff nutritive value, again the content information of the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information that records and nutritional labeling and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparing result whether the content of the nutritional labeling of feedstuff meets the quality requirements preset.
4. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described feeder hopper is provided with detector tube, detector tube is provided with and stretches into the intraluminal described near-infrared probe of detector tube.
5. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described detector tube is obliquely installed, itself and surface level shape are at 45 °--60 ° of pitch angle.
6. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described detector tube xsect is square, this square detector tube one side offers mounting hole, and described near-infrared probe is arranged on this mounting hole.
7. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described square detector tube another side is provided with movable observing window; A sample tap is offered a side described in detector tube is upper on the downside of mounting hole.
8. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the finished product material discharge outlet being also included in fodder production line installs near-infrared probe, described near infrared spectrometer detects the near infrared light spectrum information of finished product material composition and the content information of conventional ingredient by this near-infrared probe, the finished product material information of above-mentioned detection is sent to described computing machine by this near infrared spectrometer, the quality of finished product material is judged after information in the information that this spectrometer transmits by computing machine and prescription system contrasts, and control according to the content information of above-mentioned conventional ingredient the instant preparation that fodder production line carries out daily ration.
9. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 8, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of finished product material is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of the formula of finished feed material, set up finished product material quality qualitative discrimination model, again the near infrared light spectrum information of the above-mentioned finished product material composition recorded and this qualitative discrimination model are contrasted, then judge whether the mixture homogeneity of finished product material composition conforms to quality requirements according to comparing result.
10. utilize the method for near infrared technology On-line Control Feed Manufacturing according to claim 8, computing machine judges that the method for the quality of finished product material is: first in prescription system, basis can be used as the near infrared light spectrum information of formula and the content information of each formula of finished feed material, set up the Quantitative Analysis Model that finished product material nutrient is worth, again the above-mentioned near infrared light spectrum information of the finished product material composition recorded and the content information of conventional ingredient and this Quantitative Analysis Model are contrasted, then judge according to comparison structure whether the content of the conventional ingredient of finished product material conforms to quality requirements.
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