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CN105016979B - A kind of method for synthesizing 4 alkyl fortified phenols - Google Patents

A kind of method for synthesizing 4 alkyl fortified phenols Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105016979B
CN105016979B CN201510477759.3A CN201510477759A CN105016979B CN 105016979 B CN105016979 B CN 105016979B CN 201510477759 A CN201510477759 A CN 201510477759A CN 105016979 B CN105016979 B CN 105016979B
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alkyl
aniline
acid
reaction
synthesis
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CN105016979A (en
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李玉霞
李英菊
问忠堂
朱建军
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Li Yuxia
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C37/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C37/01Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis
    • C07C37/045Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis by substitution of a group bound to the ring by nitrogen
    • C07C37/05Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis by substitution of a group bound to the ring by nitrogen by substitution of a NH2 group
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/68Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method for synthesizing 4 alkyl fortified phenols, under zinc chloride catalysis, the alkyl alcohol that aniline and carbon number are 4 30 is reacted in toluene or dimethylbenzene and obtains 4 alkyl substituted anilines, 4 alkyl fortified phenols are then obtained with natrium nitrosum and acid reaction;The present invention is simple to operate, and intermediate need not isolate and purify, you can enters and reacts in next step, improves reaction yield.Finished product purity is high, and the depth of parallelism is good during reproduction, and process conditions are adapted to amplification quantity production.

Description

A kind of method of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols, belong to organic synthesis field.
Background technology
It is mainly used in the weight of the preparation of advanced liquid crystal material, lube oil additive and industrial surface activity agent to alkylphenol Want one of raw material.Though having manufacturer production at present, yield is small, technology is complicated, cost is high, environmental pollution can not meet greatly city The needs of field;And it is of poor quality, liquid crystal material can not be met, prepare the quality of raw material needed for senior lubricant and surfactant It is required that.
Prior art mainly includes two methods:
Method one, set out using methyl phenyl ethers anisole, occur to pay a gram alkylation first in the presence of alchlor, then restore carbonyl Base finally obtains target product into alkyl substituents using demethylation.The method step is more, it is necessary to equivalent above catalyst, ring Border pollution is larger.
Method two, set out using para-bromoanisole, be first prepared into after grignard reagent reacts with corresponding alkyl bromo-derivative To alkyl-substituted methyl phenyl ethers anisole, target product is finally obtained using demethylation.The method step is more, it is necessary to more than equivalent be catalyzed Agent, environmental pollution is larger, to equipment requirement height.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of two step synthesis sides that easily can industrially produce Case, it is readily available in raw materials market, and it is cheap.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:A kind of side of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols Method, comprise the following steps:
1., the alkyl alcohol that aniline and carbon number are 4-30 add toluene or dimethylbenzene 110-140 DEG C under zinc chloride catalysis Back flow reaction, when reaction solution goes out there is no moisture, 4- alkyl substituted benzene amine aqueous solutions are obtained after cooling.
2., by step 1. in obtained 4- alkyl substituted benzenes amine and acid be sufficiently mixed, discard organic layer, waterlayer control temperature Sodium nitrite in aqueous solution is added dropwise under the conditions of 0-60 DEG C of degree.After reaction terminates, it is layered while hot, the substitution of 4- alkyl is obtained after rectification under vacuum Phenol.
Further, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, the mol ratio of the step 1. middle aniline and alkyl alcohol, zinc chloride is 1:1-1.2:0.02-0.05。
Further, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, 2. middle acid is selected from watery hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid to the step.
Further, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, the step 2. middle 4- alkyls substituted aniline and natrium nitrosum, acid Mol ratio is 1:1-2:1-2.
Invention beneficial effect
The inventive method make use of the high activity of aniline, and amino is without protection, using catalytic amount anhydrous zinc chloride catalyst The high selectivity alkylation based on the 4- positions of aniline can be achieved.Then using conventional diazotising, amino is transformed into hydroxyl, So as to avoid in conventional process conditions under condition of ultralow temperature, deprotected using Boron tribromide or trimethyl iodine silicon.
The invented technology operating procedure is short, and we are common a large amount of existing aniline and alkanol through alkylation using raw material Two-step reaction is hydrolyzed with diazonium and obtains low cost, high income, pollution subenvironment close friend.Synthesize in practice it is superior into Product.
Intermediate need not isolate and purify, you can enter and react in next step, improve reaction yield.Finished product purity is high, The depth of parallelism is good during reproduction, and process conditions are adapted to amplification quantity production.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The synthesis of 4- normal butane base phenol
In the reaction bulb equipped with mechanical agitation and reflux water-dividing device, aniline (0.1 mole), n-butanol (0.11 are added Mole) and 120 milliliters of toluene, anhydrous zinc chloride (2 mmoles) is then added, 110 DEG C of reactions is heated to and is stirred overnight.Detection reaction Completely, it is directly used in after cooling in reacting in next step.
0 DEG C is cooled to, upper step solution is added into 0.15 mole of 20% dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution, control exothermic heat of reaction temperature does not surpass 20 DEG C are crossed, toluene layer discards.Natrium nitrosum (0.15 mole) is dissolved in 300 milliliters of water, is slowly added dropwise under agitation above-mentioned 4- n-butyl anilines dilution heat of sulfuric acid in, controlling reaction temperature be 20-40 DEG C, reaction end uses starch potassium iodide paper Examine, when reaction solution makes starch potassium iodide become blue and color is no longer taken off, stop being added dropwise.If natrium nitrosum amount deficiency Continue to be added dropwise, until reaction is reached home.Then reaction solution is kept to continue to stir at 40 DEG C, there is no bubble until reaction solution Generation, shows that hydrolytic process terminates.After being layered while hot, upper strata crude product rectifying obtains 4- normal-butyl phenol, HPLC purity 99.1%, two step yields 52%.
Embodiment 2
The synthesis of 4- dodecyl phenol
In the reaction bulb equipped with mechanical agitation and reflux water-dividing device, aniline (0.1 mole), n-dodecanol are added (0.12 mole) and 170 milliliters of dimethylbenzene, anhydrous zinc chloride (5 mmoles) is then added, 140 DEG C of reactions is heated to and is stirred overnight. Detection reaction is complete, is directly used in after cooling in reacting in next step.
0 DEG C is cooled to, upper step solution is added in 0.20 mole of 15% watery hydrochloric acid, control exothermic heat of reaction temperature is no more than 20 DEG C, diformazan benzene layer discards.Natrium nitrosum (0.20 mole) is dissolved in 260 milliliters of water, is slowly added dropwise under agitation above-mentioned In the dilute hydrochloric acid solution of the positive dodecyl aniline of 4-, controlling reaction temperature is 30-50 DEG C, and reaction end uses starch potassium iodide paper Examine, when reaction solution makes starch potassium iodide become blue and color is no longer taken off, stop being added dropwise.If natrium nitrosum amount deficiency Continue to be added dropwise, until reaction is reached home.Then reaction solution is kept to continue to stir at 40 DEG C, there is no bubble until reaction solution Generation, shows that hydrolytic process terminates.It is layered while hot, 4- dodecyl phenol sterlings, HPLC is obtained after the crude product rectification under vacuum of upper strata: 98.2%, two step yields 57%.
Embodiment 3
The synthesis of 4- n-octadecane base phenol:
In the reaction bulb equipped with mechanical agitation and reflux water-dividing device, aniline (0.1 mole), positive octadecyl alcolol are added (0.12 mole) and 180 milliliters of dimethylbenzene, anhydrous zinc chloride (5 mmoles) is then added, 140 DEG C of reactions is heated to and is stirred overnight. Detection reaction is complete, is directly used in after cooling in reacting in next step.
0 DEG C is cooled to, upper step solution is added into 0.14 mole of 20% dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution, control exothermic heat of reaction temperature does not surpass 20 DEG C are crossed, diformazan benzene layer discards.Natrium nitrosum (0.14 mole) is dissolved in 250 milliliters of water, is slowly added dropwise under agitation In the dilution heat of sulfuric acid for the 4- n-octadecane base aniline stated, controlling reaction temperature is 30-50 DEG C, and reaction end uses starch iodate Potassium test paper is examined, and when reaction solution makes starch potassium iodide become blue and color is no longer taken off, stops being added dropwise.If natrium nitrosum amount It is insufficient then continue to be added dropwise, until reaction is reached home.Then keep reaction solution continue to stir at 50 DEG C, until reaction solution no longer There is bubble formation, show that hydrolytic process terminates.It is layered while hot, 4- n-octadecane base phenol is obtained after the crude product rectification under vacuum of upper strata, HPLC:98.4%, two-step reaction yield 48%.
The preferable embodiment of the present invention is these are only, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any Those familiar with the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, technique according to the invention scheme and its invention Design is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

  1. A kind of 1. method of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
    1., the alkyl alcohol that aniline and carbon number are 4-30 add toluene or dimethylbenzene 110-140 DEG C under anhydrous zinc chloride catalysis Back flow reaction, when reaction solution goes out there is no moisture, 4- alkyl substituted aniline solution is obtained after cooling;
    2., by step 1. in obtained 4- alkyls substituted aniline and acid be sufficiently mixed, discard organic layer, waterlayer control temperature 0- Sodium nitrite in aqueous solution is added dropwise under the conditions of 60 DEG C;After reaction terminates, it is layered while hot, 4- nalkas is obtained after the crude product rectification under vacuum of upper strata Base fortified phenol;
    1. the mol ratio of middle aniline and alkyl alcohol, anhydrous zinc chloride is 1 to the step:1-1.2:0.02-0.05.
  2. A kind of 2. method of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step is 2. Middle acid is selected from watery hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid.
  3. A kind of 3. method of synthesis 4- alkyl fortified phenols according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step is 2. The mol ratio of middle 4- alkyls substituted aniline and natrium nitrosum, acid is 1:1-2:1-2.
CN201510477759.3A 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 A kind of method for synthesizing 4 alkyl fortified phenols Expired - Fee Related CN105016979B (en)

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Inventor after: Li Yuxia

Inventor after: Li Yingju

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