CN105003593A - Hybrid bearing supporting shock absorber used for cone shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a conical shaft, which includes a machine base, a vibration-damping outer ring, an oil supply sleeve, a bearing bush, a front end cover and a rear end cover, the conical shaft is arranged in the bearing bush, and the bearing bush is provided with There is an oil pressure groove communicating with the outside world, which is characterized in that it also includes a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks annularly distributed around the oil supply sleeve, one end of the metal rubber block is provided with an inward convex part, and the vibration damping The inner cavity of the outer ring is provided with a fixing groove for installing the metal rubber, and the fixing groove and the oil supply sleeve form a fixed space for the metal rubber; the oil supply sleeve is provided with a supporting step, and the protrusion of the metal rubber block The part rests on the supporting step of the oil supply sleeve to absorb the vibration in the axial direction. The invention solves the problem in the prior art that the circumferential thickness of the annular rubber ring is difficult to control by circularly distributing a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks on the outer periphery of the oil supply sleeve, and improves the service life of the support shock absorber.

Description

A Dynamic and Hydrostatic Bearing Support Shock Absorber for Tapered Shaft

technical field

The invention relates to a support shock absorber, in particular to a dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft.

Background technique

With the rapid development of society and the continuous emergence of new technologies, the rotation speed of the shaft in the mechanism field has been continuously increased, and the high-speed rotation also brings many uncertain factors and dangers. Among them, vibration is the most common problem in mechanical movement, especially for high-speed moving machines, the danger of vibration is more serious, so it is particularly important to solve the vibration problem of high-speed moving machines. There are many solutions to high-speed vibration in the prior art, such as conical hydrostatic sliding bearings, which combine the advantages of hydrodynamic bearings and hydrostatic bearings, can bear radial and axial loads at the same time, and have stable starting and axial clearance. Easy to adjust, low friction power consumption at high speed, etc., are more and more widely used in high-speed rotating machinery. However, the high-speed rotor supported in the oil film bearing, due to the influence of factors such as unbalanced mass or external interference, often has severe vibration when passing through the critical speed area or running, and "self-excited vibration" due to the characteristics of the oil film. As a result, the rotor system loses dynamic stability. Engineers improved it and used metal rubber as the shock-absorbing material. Due to the dry friction damping and vibration reduction of metal rubber, it has good damping performance, light weight, and is easy to make various shapes, strong environmental adaptability, and adjustable stiffness. A series of advantages have been successfully applied in this field to realize the control of vibration of high-speed rotating machinery. For example, a patent for a dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft, the patent number is 201320091400.9, and the publication date is 2013-07-10. The technical solution includes the machine base (1), the shock absorber outer ring (2), Metal rubber ring (3), oil supply sleeve (4), bearing bush (5), oil nipple (6), first end cover (7) and second end cover (8), and the tapered shaft (9) is installed on the base In the shaft hole of (1), a rectangular groove (10) is provided on the inner tapered hole of the bearing bush (5), and an annular groove (11) is provided on the outer wall of the bearing bush (5), and the rectangular groove (10) There is a through hole (12) between the annular groove (11), the bearing bush (5) is set on the conical end of the conical shaft (9), the oil supply sleeve (4) and the outer ring of the shock absorber (2) are from the inside to the The outer ones are fitted on the outer end of the bearing bush (5) in turn, and a metal rubber ring (3) is provided between the oil supply sleeve (4) and the outer ring of the shock absorber (2), the first end cover (7) and the second end cover Covers (8) are respectively arranged on the left and right ends of the machine base (1), and the oil nipples (6) are sequentially installed on the second end cover (8) and the oil supply sleeve (4) from the outside to the inside, and the oil nipples (6) The mouth of mouth communicates with through hole (12).

The above solution effectively solves the problem of vibration of the rotating shaft during high-speed rotation, but the metal rubber ring has a relatively large molding volume and is in the shape of a ring, so it is difficult to control its thickness in the circumferential direction to be consistent, which leads to a The vibration problem of the dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber used for the tapered shaft becomes more serious with the increase of the use time; because the thickness of the metal rubber ring is different on the circumference, when the shaft is moving at high speed Can produce vibration and impact, make the life-span of metal rubber ring reduce; Meanwhile, the supporting radial and axial rigidity and damping of above-mentioned support shock absorber are not adjustable.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the above-mentioned prior art and provide a dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a conical shaft. By circularly distributing a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks on the outer circumference of the oil supply sleeve, It solves the problem that the circumferential thickness of the annular rubber ring is difficult to control in the prior art, and effectively solves the problem of vibration changes during the use of the dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for the tapered shaft; at the same time, the arc-shaped metal rubber block is adopted, It is also possible to make the radial and axial stiffness and damping of the shock absorber supported by the hydrodynamic bearing for the tapered shaft adjustable.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical measures:

A dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft, including a machine base, a vibration-damping outer ring, an oil supply sleeve, a bearing bush, a front end cover and a rear end cover, the conical shaft is arranged in the bearing bush, and the bearing bush is provided with a The connected oil pressure groove also includes a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks annularly distributed around the oil supply sleeve, one end of the metal rubber block is provided with an inward convex part, and the inner cavity of the vibration-damping outer ring is provided with Install the fixing groove of the metal rubber, the fixing groove and the oil supply sleeve form the fixing space of the metal rubber; the oil supply sleeve is provided with a supporting step, and the convex part of the metal rubber block leans against the oil supply on the supporting steps of the sleeve to absorb the vibration in the axial direction.

Further, the fixing groove is in an "L" shape in the inner cavity of the damping outer ring, and the metal rubber is in contact with the bottom of the fixing groove at the end with the convex part.

Further, the metal rubber ring is loaded into the outer ring of the shock absorber and the oil supply sleeve under the condition that there is a certain pre-deformation in the radial direction.

Further, the fixing groove is a through groove, and the metal rubber block is fixed in the fixing groove, and one end with a convex part thereof is in contact with the rear end.

Further, the number of the plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks distributed in a ring is four, and the rings of the four metal rubber blocks are evenly distributed around the oil supply sleeve.

Further, the outer circumference of the bearing bush is provided with an annular oil inlet groove, and the oil inlet groove communicates with the oil pressure groove through a long and thin pipeline, and the diameter of the pipeline is less than 10mm.

Further, the oil supply sleeve is provided with an oil inlet pipe communicating with the outside world, and the oil outlet of the oil inlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the oil inlet groove.

Further, the hydrodynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft also includes an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle is connected to the oil inlet pipe of the oil supply sleeve.

Further, the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft also includes an MCU, a speed detection device for detecting the rotational speed of the tapered shaft, and a pressure control device, the pressure control device is adjusted according to the rotational speed of the tapered shaft The pressure in the oil supply tank.

Further, the pressure control device includes an oil pump and an oil pressure sensor, and the oil pressure sensor is electrically connected to the MCU.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects.

1. The present invention solves the problems in the prior art that the circumferential thickness of the annular rubber ring is difficult to control, which leads to instability and short life of the metal rubber ring during use, by distributing a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks on the outer periphery of the oil supply sleeve. The situation effectively solves the problem of vibration change during the use of the dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber used for the tapered shaft, and improves the service life of the support shock absorber.

2. At the same time, the present invention adopts arc-shaped metal rubber blocks at the same time, which not only makes the metal rubber blocks easy to produce in technology, but also has a high yield rate, and engineers can also select metal rubber blocks according to actual needs, so that the metal rubber blocks used for the conical shaft The shock absorber supported by dynamic and static pressure bearings can adjust the radial and axial stiffness and damping of the support.

3.  In the present invention, an MCU, a speed detection device and a pressure control device for detecting the rotational speed of the conical shaft are arranged on the dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for the conical shaft, and the corresponding oil pressure is selected by detecting the rotational speed of the conical shaft. Reduce vibration generated by the shaft.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a perspective view of a core component of a hydrodynamic and static pressure bearing supporting a shock absorber for a tapered shaft.

Accompanying drawing 2 is an exploded view of a core component of a hydrodynamic and static pressure bearing supporting a shock absorber for a tapered shaft.

Accompanying drawing 3 is a three-dimensional partial sectional view of a shock absorber supported by a dynamic and static pressure bearing for a tapered shaft.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the perspective view of conical shaft.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the perspective view of metal rubber block.

Accompanying drawing 6 is the perspective view of bearing bush.

Accompanying drawing 7 is the sectional view of bearing bush.

Accompanying drawing 8 is the perspective view of oil supply sleeve.

Accompanying drawing 9 is the three-dimensional sectional view of oil supply sleeve.

Accompanying drawing 10 is a sectional view of a hydrodynamic and static pressure bearing supporting shock absorber for a tapered shaft.

Main reference signs:

1. Tapered shaft; 2. Bearing bush; 3. Oil supply sleeve; 4. Arc-shaped metal rubber block; 5. Shock-absorbing outer ring; 6. Front end cover; 7. Rubber pad; ; 11. shaft; 12. conical surface; 21. oil inlet groove; 22. slender pipe; 23. support ring; 24. support cone; 25. oil pressure groove; ; 33. Steps; 34. Oil inlet pipe; 41. Protrusion; 51. Fixing groove; 52. Bottom of fixing groove.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 10, a dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft, including a machine base 8, a rubber pad 7, a front end cover 6, an end cover 9 and a core assembly, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the The above-mentioned core components include a shock-absorbing outer ring 5, an oil supply sleeve 3, a bearing bush 2, a metal rubber block 4 and a tapered shaft 1. As shown in FIG. 4 , the conical shaft 1 includes a shaft portion 11 and a tapered surface 12 . The bearing bush 2 is fixedly connected with the oil supply sleeve 3, the vibration-damping outer ring 5 is fixedly connected with the rear end cover 9, the front end cover 8 is fixedly connected with the rear end cover 9, and the metal rubber block 4 is radially loaded into the supply under a certain pre-deformation condition. Between the oil sleeve 3 and the damping outer ring 5, adjust the right end surface of the front end cover 6 to withstand the bearing bush 2, adjust the taper bearing interval by increasing or decreasing the gasket 7, and connect the adjustment end cover to the machine base 4 through bolts after adjusting the gap. There are many kinds of fixed connection methods, such as bolt connection, screw connection, welding, glue connection and so on. The conical shaft 1 is set in the bearing bush 2, and the bearing bush 2 is provided with an oil pressure groove 25 communicating with the outside world. Before the high-speed rotor is started, the oil pressure groove 25 is pumped with a certain pressure of pressure oil through the oil supply device. Due to the static pressure The effect lifts the rotating shaft to reduce the starting resistance of the tapered shaft 1.

Bearing pad 2 as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the outer periphery of the bearing pad 2 is provided with an annular oil inlet groove 21, and the inner cavity is provided with a support cone surface 24 and an oil pressure groove 25 adapted to the conical shaft 1, and the oil inlet groove 21 communicates with the oil pressure groove 25 through a slender pipe, the diameter of which is much smaller than the width of the oil inlet groove 21, a preferred solution is that the diameter of the pipe is less than 10mm or the optimal range is 0~3mm. A support ring 23 is provided at the end of the bearing bush 2 , and the support ring 23 is used to define the oil supply sleeve 3 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a dynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft 1 includes a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks 4 annularly distributed around the oil supply sleeve 3, and one end of the metal rubber block 4 The portion is provided with an inward convex portion 41, as shown in FIG. 5 . In the present invention, arc-shaped metal rubber blocks 4 are evenly distributed in a ring on the outer circumference of the oil supply sleeve 3, and the number can be two, three, four or more. The inner cavity of the damping outer ring 5 is provided with a fixing groove 51 for installing the metal rubber. The number and shape of the fixing groove 51 correspond to the metal rubber block 4. In a preferred solution of the present invention, its number There are four fixing grooves 51 in the inner cavity of the damping outer ring 5 in an "L" shape, and the metal rubber is in contact with the bottom 52 of the fixing grooves 51 at the end having the convex part 41 . The fixing groove 51 and the oil supply sleeve 3 form a fixed space for the metal rubber, and the vibration-damping outer ring 5 and the oil supply sleeve 3 are separated by metal rubber, and the metal rubber block is installed under a certain pre-deformation condition. Into the outer ring of the shock absorber and the oil supply sleeve 3, a certain gap is maintained at the place where there is no metal rubber, and the gap is less than 20mm.

As shown in FIG. 8 , a support step 33 is provided on the oil supply sleeve 3 , and the protrusion 41 of the metal rubber block 4 leans against the support step 33 of the oil supply sleeve 3 to absorb axial vibration. As shown in Figure 10, the oil supply sleeve 3 is provided with an oil inlet pipe 34 communicating with the outside world, and the hydrostatic pressure bearing support shock absorber for the tapered shaft 1 also includes an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle and the oil supply sleeve 3 Oil inlet pipeline 34 is connected. The oil outlet 32 of the oil inlet pipe 34 is located in the middle of the oil inlet groove 21, so that the oil can quickly flow into the oil pressure groove 25, preventing the dry friction of the rotating shaft due to insufficient oil in the early stage of starting, and then being subjected to Great starting resistance.

A dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a conical shaft 1, further comprising an MCU, a speed detection device for detecting the rotational speed of the conical shaft 1, and a pressure control device, and the pressure control device is adjusted according to the rotational speed of the conical shaft 1 The pressure in the oil supply tank 21 , the pressure control device includes an oil pump and an oil pressure sensor, and the oil pressure sensor is electrically connected to the MCU. The speed of the high-speed shaft is divided into low-speed zone, medium-speed zone and high-speed zone, and the corresponding oil pressures are different. When it is less than 5000r/min, it is a low-speed zone, and its oil pressure is 0.3MPa; when it is greater than 5000r/min, less than 8000r/min, it is a medium-speed zone, and the corresponding oil pressure is 0.4MPa; when it is greater than 8000r/min, it is a low-speed zone, and its oil pressure The pressure is 0.5MPa. Before the high-speed rotor is started, a certain pressure of pressure oil is pumped through the oil supply device, and the rotating shaft is lifted due to the static pressure effect, and then the high-speed rotor is started to rotate. With the increase of the rotor speed, a dynamic pressure effect is generated in the conical bearing. , to generate dynamic pressure. At this time, the dynamic pressure participates in the bearing of the rotor and plays a major role. The rotor vibrates during the rotation process. At this time, the metal rubber damper starts to play a role. The dry friction effect of the metal rubber block produces dry friction damping, which consumes The vibration energy of the system, so when the rotor passes through the critical speed zone or when there is severe vibration during operation, the vibration energy is absorbed to reduce the vibration amplitude, thereby improving the dynamic stability of the rotor, effectively reducing the vibration of the system, and realizing high-speed Vibration control of rotating machinery. With the increase of the oil supply pressure, the vibration amplitude of the fundamental frequency decreases, and the system instability speed increases. By reducing the stiffness of the metal rubber block bearing and increasing the damping coefficient, the vibration reduction effect is more obvious, and the instability limit speed is increased. more. When the stiffness and damping of the oil film are reasonably matched with the metal rubber blockiness and damping, the vibration reduction effect will be optimal. The experimental peak-to-peak data show that under a certain oil supply pressure, with the decrease of the metal rubber blockiness coefficient, and the damping coefficient The increase of , the better the damping effect of metal rubber dry friction, the vibration amplitude of the fundamental frequency decreases gradually. With the increase of oil supply pressure, the damping effect of the damping shock absorber becomes more obvious, and the maximum amplitude decreases.

A vibration control method, which is used for the above-mentioned support shock absorber, comprising the following steps: 1. The speed detection device detects the speed S1 of the high-speed conical shaft 1 and transmits it to the MCU (main control circuit); 2. The MCU The set speed range determines which range the rotating speed of the high-speed conical shaft 1 is in, whether it is a high-speed zone, a medium-speed zone, or a low-speed zone. 3. According to different speed ranges, output the oil pressure value of the corresponding range to the oil supply device, so that the oil supply device changes the oil pressure in the bearing bush 2 to adapt to the corresponding rotation speed of the tapered shaft 1.

Second embodiment.

A dynamic and static pressure bearing supporting shock absorber for a tapered shaft 1, the fixing groove 51 on the shock absorbing outer ring 5 is a through groove, the metal rubber is defined in the through groove, and it has a protrusion 41 One end is in contact with the rear end cover 9 . Others are the same as the first embodiment and will not be repeated here.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, so the scope of the present invention cannot be limited accordingly, that is, the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the specification should still be covered by the present invention within range.

Claims (10)

1. A dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft, including a machine base, a vibration-damping outer ring, an oil supply sleeve, a bearing bush, a front end cover and a rear end cover, the conical shaft is arranged in the bearing bush, and the bearing bush is provided with The oil pressure groove communicating with the outside is characterized in that it also includes a plurality of arc-shaped metal rubber blocks annularly distributed around the oil supply sleeve, one end of the metal rubber block is provided with an inward convex part, and the vibration-damping outer The inner cavity of the ring is provided with a fixing groove for installing the metal rubber, and the fixing groove and the oil supply sleeve form a fixed space for the metal rubber; the oil supply sleeve is provided with a supporting step, and the convex part of the metal rubber block Lean against the supporting steps of the oil supply sleeve to absorb radial vibrations. 2. The shock absorber supported by a dynamic and static pressure bearing for a tapered shaft according to claim 1, wherein the fixed groove is in the shape of an "L" in the inner cavity of the shock absorbing outer ring, and the metal rubber block and the The bottom of the fixing groove is in contact with the end with the convex part. 3. The shock absorber supported by a dynamic and static pressure bearing for a tapered shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that the metal rubber ring is loaded into the outer ring of the shock absorber and the oil supply sleeve when there is a certain pre-deformation in the radial direction . 4. The dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 1, wherein the fixing groove is a through groove, and the metal rubber block is fixed in the fixing groove, and it has a convex portion One end is in contact with the rear end. 5. The dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, the number of the circularly distributed arc-shaped metal rubber blocks is four, so The rings of the four metal rubber blocks are evenly distributed around the oil supply sleeve. 6. The dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, the outer circumference of the bearing pad is provided with an annular oil inlet groove, and the oil inlet groove and the oil pressure groove pass through a slender The pipe is connected, and the diameter of the pipe is less than 10mm. 7. The dynamic and static pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that, the oil supply sleeve is provided with an oil inlet pipeline communicating with the outside world, and the oil outlet of the oil inlet pipeline is provided with in the middle of the oil inlet tank. 8. The hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that, the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft also includes an oil nozzle, and the oil nozzle is connected with the oil supply Set of oil inlet pipe connections. 9. The hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, the hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pressure bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft also includes an MCU to detect the rotational speed of the tapered shaft The speed detection device, and the pressure control device, the pressure control device adjusts the pressure in the oil supply tank according to the rotation speed of the cone shaft. 10 . The hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing support shock absorber for a tapered shaft according to claim 9 , wherein the pressure control device includes an oil pump and an oil pressure sensor, and the oil pressure sensor is electrically connected to the MCU. 11 .