CN104994050B - A kind of MIMO targeting sequencings frame and its R-T unit based on CCZCZ sequences - Google Patents
A kind of MIMO targeting sequencings frame and its R-T unit based on CCZCZ sequences Download PDFInfo
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- CN104994050B CN104994050B CN201510260737.1A CN201510260737A CN104994050B CN 104994050 B CN104994050 B CN 104994050B CN 201510260737 A CN201510260737 A CN 201510260737A CN 104994050 B CN104994050 B CN 104994050B
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- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
- H04L27/2692—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of MIMO targeting sequencings frame and its R-T unit based on CCZCZ arrangement sets, the different bandwidth of different physical layer mechanisms and data field that data field is distinguished in targeting sequencing is realized.Compared with prior art, four phase ZCZ arrangement sets of the present invention with good auto-correlation and cross correlation property and with complete complementary characteristic, it is the key that be applied to one of optimal targeting sequencing design of multiple antennas, different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths can be distinguished using the present invention, reduce receiving terminal data processing time delay；Preferred channels estimation is realized in the interference that MIMO multipath channels are eliminated in the case of low redundancy；Using the antenna emission mode of cyclic shift, it is easy to multiple antennas extension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a MIMO leader sequence frame based on a CCZCZ sequence set and a receiving and transmitting device thereof, belonging to the technical field of communication.
Background
With the rapid development of Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN) technology, Carrier frequencies range from tens of megahertz to tens of gigahertz, antenna modes range from Single Input Single Output (SISO) to Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), Carrier modulation adopts Single Carrier (SC) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), and bandwidths range from K Hz to G Hz. However, with the convergence of various technologies, the new lan protocol is compatible with the old lan protocol, and even at the beginning of the design of the new lan protocol, there are different antenna modes, different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths to meet different requirements.
Therefore, in this context, the differentiation of different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths is important. A common method is to use the indication field for indication, but the disadvantage is that the receiver must use many different receiving processing methods to correctly solve the indication field to determine the physical layer mechanism and transmission bandwidth used, which causes delay and is very disadvantageous for high throughput communication. In order to overcome the defect, the property of the leader sequence is fully utilized, and the correlation of the leader sequence is utilized to distinguish different physical layer mechanisms and transmission bandwidths. The synchronous operation is realized by utilizing the self-correlation and cross-correlation characteristics of better sequences, in particular to the differentiation of different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths; the complete complementary characteristics can eliminate multipath interference and realize optimal channel estimation. In addition, the elements of the preamble sequence belong to a limited symbol set, which can reduce the complexity of receiver synchronization and channel estimation and is convenient for designing a fast correlator.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention designs an MIMO leader sequence frame format suitable for various carrier mechanisms and various bandwidths based on a CCZCZ sequence set, and designs a corresponding sending and receiving method. A CCZCZ sequence set which has good autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics and complete complementary characteristics and has sequence elements belonging to a limited symbol set is adopted to distinguish different physical layer mechanisms, different transmission bandwidths and estimate time domain channels.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to complete the functions of preamble sequence frame detection, AGC, frequency synchronization, time synchronization, channel estimation, distinguishing different physical layer mechanisms, distinguishing different bandwidths, preamble sequence block identification and the like, the method selects the preamble sequence block with the following properties(wherein, N iszRepresents a ZCZ sequenceColumn length, Q denotes the number of ZCZ sequences, Z is the length of the zero correlation zone):
(1) sequence length NzIs of a size satisfyingDenotes rounding down, TsRepresenting the sampling time interval, NTxFor transmitting the number of antennas, taumaxIs the maximum multipath delay.
(2) The normalized periodic autocorrelation maximum sidelobe of the sequence set is below a given threshold Ta，0＜Ta< 1, the maximum peak value of the normalized periodic cross-correlation is lower than a given threshold Tc，0＜Tc< 1 is a value selected for robust performance satisfying time synchronization and a value selected for robust performance satisfying distinguishing between different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths.
(3) The sequence elements belong to a finite set of symbols { +1, -1, + j, -j }.
The invention provides a MIMO leader sequence frame based on a CCZCZ sequence set, which comprises an STF Field (Short Training Field) and a CTF Field (Channel Estimation Field) which are formed by four phases of ZCZ sequence sets with complete complementary characteristics, wherein the STF Field is formed by multiplying a certain ZCZ sequence in the set by-1 and then repeating NSTF-1 postconcatenation one time of ZCZ sequence, the CTF field containing NCEFAnd each ZCZ sequence consists of several ZCZ sequences in the set, and the CTF field comprises two subfields, and each subfield contains the same number of ZCZ sequences.
Set sequence setComprises thatAndfour stripsSequence, the repeat of a sequence in four sequences is NSTF1 postconcatenation of ZCZ sequence once to form STF field, when STF field is composed of NSTF1 repetition ofSequence and oneWhen the sequence is formed, the physical layer mechanism 1 is represented; when the STF field is composed of NSTF1 repetition ofSequence and oneWhen the sequence is formed, the physical layer mechanism 2 is represented; when the STF field is composed of NSTF1 repetition ofSequence and oneWhen the sequence is formed, the physical layer mechanism 3 is represented; when the STF field is composed of NSTF1 repetition ofSequence and oneWhen the sequence is formed, the physical layer mechanism 4 is shown. Several ZCZ sequences of four sequences generate NCEFA CTF field consisting of several ZCZ subfields and divided into two subfields, NCEF＝N1CEF+N2CEFWherein N1CEF＝N2CEFThe number of sequences contained in the two subfields, which may be even or odd, indicates a transmission bandwidth of 1 when the polarities of the two subfields are the same; when the two subfields have opposite polarities, a transmission bandwidth of 2 is indicated. STF is used for frame detection, AGC, coarse frequency synchronization, physical layer mechanism discrimination,The method comprises the steps of time coarse synchronization and the function of preamble sequence block identification realized by using a block identifier, wherein the CEF is used for carrying out frequency fine synchronization, transmission bandwidth distinguishing, time fine synchronization and channel estimation.
The invention also provides a receiving and transmitting device of the MIMO leader sequence based on the CCZCZ sequence set, which comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter expands the single leader sequence to a plurality of transmitting antennas through a cyclic shift diversity mechanism; the receiver receives signals and performs physical layer mechanism discrimination, transmission bandwidth discrimination and channel estimation using a received sequence.
The transmitter specifically works as follows:
setting the length of a ZCZ sequence as NzThe number of transmitting antennas is NTxOn the t-th transmitting antenna, t is 1, …, NTxThe transmitter performs separately for each sequence block of the STF fieldA bit cyclic shift operation for performing a bit cyclic shift operation on each sequence block of the CEF fieldAnd (4) performing cyclic shift operation.
The specific process of the receiver for distinguishing the physical layer mechanism is as follows:
setting the number of receiving antennas as NRxOne receiving sequence block on the r-th receiving antenna is NZColumn vector y of lengthr，r＝1,2,…,NRxSet of ZCZ sequencesComprises thatAndfour sequences corresponding to cyclic shift matrices ofAnd
1) receive sequence block y on each antennarAre respectively connected withAndmultiplying four matrixes to obtain a column vectorAnd
2) determining in the receiving antennaSum of maximum absolute values, i.e.
3) ComputingAnd obtaining a data domain physical layer mechanism corresponding to the maximum value. In case of low signal-to-noise ratio, multiple connections can be usedReceive sequence block to get multiple yrAveraging increases the robustness of the decision.
The specific process of distinguishing the transmission bandwidth by the receiver is as follows:
setting the number of receiving antennas as NRxThe number of ZCZ sequences contained in the CEF field is NCEF，Andrepresenting two successive blocks of the received channel estimate sequence,andrespectively represent andandis a distance of NCEF2 consecutive two blocks of received channel estimation sequences, then
In the formula,is the product of the corresponding sequence block and the cyclic shift matrix;
the specific process of the receiver channel estimation is as follows:
setting the number of transmitting antennas to be NTxThe number of receiving antennas is NRxOne ZCZ sequence has the length of NzLet us orderThen the time domain channel from the tth transmitting antenna to the r receiving antennaComprises the following steps:
(formula 4)
Wherein, t is 1, …, NTx,r＝1,…,NRx。
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the four-phase ZCZ sequence set has good autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties and complete complementary characteristics, is one of the keys applied to the design of the optimal leader sequence of the multi-antenna, can distinguish different physical layer mechanisms and different transmission bandwidths by utilizing the four-phase ZCZ sequence set, and reduces the data processing time delay of a receiving end; eliminating the interference of MIMO multipath channel under the condition of low redundancy, and realizing the optimal channel estimation; and the antenna transmission mode of cyclic shift is adopted, so that multi-antenna extension is easy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a frame format block diagram 1 of a MIMO preamble sequence;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a frame format of a MIMO preamble sequence in a specific embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of simulation results of physical layer mechanisms and transmission bandwidth detection in an exemplary embodiment, NTx＝4，NRx＝4；
FIG. 4 is a diagram of simulation results of channel estimation in an exemplary embodiment, NTx＝4，NRx＝4。
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and specific examples, which are to be understood as illustrative only and not as limiting the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalent modifications thereof which may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification.
(1) MIMO environment: n is a radical ofTx＝4，NRx＝4，τmax＝100ns，fs＝1/Ts＝440MHz，fc＝45GHz，fsTo sample the frequency, fcIs the carrier frequency.
(2) Selecting four-phase CCZCZ sequence set generated by a parameterization generation method of CCZCZ sequence set with complete complementary characteristics (see patent application with patent application number 2014104654438 for details)The length of the sequence set Nz256, the sequence number Q is 4, the zero correlation zone length Z is 56, the maximum side lobe of normalized periodic autocorrelation is 0.1976, the maximum peak of normalized periodic cross correlation is 0.3125,all of these performance indicators of (2) meet the requirements as preamble sequence units.
(3) The physical layer mechanism is divided into three types, namely a Control type, an SC type and an OFDM type; the transmission bandwidth is divided into two types, 540MHz and 1080 MHz. The frame format is as shown in fig. 2, where Za256，Zb256，Zc256And Zd256Is composed ofThe four sequences of (a). When STF in the leader sequence is composed of the sequence Za256Composition, then represents the Control type; STF composed of sequence Zb256Composition, then the SC type is represented; STF composed of sequence Zc256Composition, then the OFDM type is represented; STF composed of sequence Zd256Composition, then retained. CEF in preamble1With CEF2When the polarities are the same, the transmission bandwidth is 540 MHz; CEF1With CEF2When the polarity is opposite, the transmission bandwidth is 1080 MHz.
(4) The transmitting method of the transmitter for extending the single preamble sequence to a plurality of transmitting antennas is a cyclic shift diversity mechanism: on the t-th transmitting antenna, t is 1, …, NTxSeparately for each block of the STFBit cyclic shift operations, each block of CEF being performed separatelyAnd (3) performing cyclic shift operation to obtain transmission STF and CEF on each antenna, wherein the antenna transmission mode is shown in Table 1, and the expression- (n) -means (none).
(5) The receiver receives the signal, and performs physical layer mechanism differentiation, transmission bandwidth differentiation and channel estimation by using the received sequence, and simulation results are shown in fig. 3 and 4.
TABLE 1 antenna Transmission modes
Claims (3)
1. A receiving and transmitting device of MIMO leader sequence based on CCZCZ sequence set is characterized in that the receiving and transmitting device comprises a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter extends a single leader sequence to a plurality of transmitting antennas through a cyclic shift diversity mechanism; the receiver receives signals and utilizes a receiving sequence to carry out physical layer mechanism distinguishing, transmission bandwidth distinguishing and channel estimation;
the MIMO leader sequence based on the CCZCZ sequence set comprises an STF field and a CTF field, wherein the STF field consists of four ZCZ sequence sets with complete complementary characteristics, and the STF field consists of one certain in the setsRepeat N after multiplying ZCZ sequence by-1STF-1 postconcatenation one time of ZCZ sequence, the CTF field containing NCEFThe ZCZ sequences consist of several ZCZ sequences in a set, the CTF field comprises two subfields, and the number of the ZCZ sequences contained in each subfield is the same;
the transmitter specifically works as follows:
setting the length of a ZCZ sequence as NzThe number of transmitting antennas is NTxOn the t-th transmitting antenna, t is 1, …, NTxThe transmitter performs separately for each sequence block of the STF fieldA bit cyclic shift operation for performing a bit cyclic shift operation on each sequence block of the CEF fieldA cyclic shift operation;
the specific process of the receiver for distinguishing the physical layer mechanism is as follows:
setting the number of receiving antennas as NRxOne receiving sequence block on the r-th receiving antenna is NZColumn vector y of lengthr，r＝1,2,…,NRxSet of ZCZ sequencesComprises thatAndfour sequences corresponding to cyclic shift matrices ofAnd
1) will be provided withBlock y of receive sequences on each antennarAre respectively connected withAndmultiplying four matrixes to obtain a column vectorAnd
2) determining in the receiving antennaSum of maximum absolute values, i.e.
Wherein,
3) computingObtaining a data domain physical layer mechanism corresponding to the maximum value;
the specific process of distinguishing the transmission bandwidth by the receiver is as follows:
setting the number of receiving antennas as NRxThe number of ZCZ sequences contained in the CEF field is NCEF，Andrepresenting two successive blocks of the received channel estimate sequence,andrespectively represent andandis a distance of NCEF2 consecutive two blocks of received channel estimation sequences, then
In the formula,is the product of the corresponding sequence block and the cyclic shift matrix;
computingAnd obtaining the data domain bandwidth corresponding to the maximum value.
2. The apparatus for transmitting and receiving MIMO preamble sequences based on CCZCZ sequence set according to claim 1, wherein the receiver obtains y-y through a plurality of received sequence blocks in case of low snrrThe average is taken.
3. The apparatus for transmitting and receiving MIMO preamble sequences based on CCZCZ sequence set according to claim 1, wherein the receiver channel estimation comprises:
setting the number of transmitting antennas to be NTxThe number of receiving antennas is NRxOne ZCZ sequence has the length of NzLet us orderThen the time domain channel from the tth transmitting antenna to the r receiving antennaComprises the following steps:
wherein, t is 1, …, NTx,r＝1,…,NRx。
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| CN1630283A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-06-22 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for transmitting preamble for synchronization in multiple-input multiple-output OFDM system |
| CN104270221A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏中兴微通信息科技有限公司 | Parameterized generation method for ZCZ sequence set |
| CN104468038A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏中兴微通信息科技有限公司 | MIMO leader sequence generating method and receiving device based on zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences |
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| KR100899749B1 (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2009-05-27 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Preamble Sequence Transmission / Reception Method in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Communication System Using Multiple Input Multiple Output System |
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| CN1630283A (en) * | 2003-10-16 | 2005-06-22 | 三星电子株式会社 | Method for transmitting preamble for synchronization in multiple-input multiple-output OFDM system |
| CN104270221A (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏中兴微通信息科技有限公司 | Parameterized generation method for ZCZ sequence set |
| CN104468038A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏中兴微通信息科技有限公司 | MIMO leader sequence generating method and receiving device based on zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences |
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